Abstract: Disclosed is application of acetylacetone in inhibiting the growth of cyanobacteria, that is, acetylacetone is added in water disturbed with cyanobacteria, and the dosage of acetylacetone is not less than 7 mg/L to inhibit the growth of cyanobacteria. Acetylacetone inhibits the growth of cyanobacteria by inhibiting photosynthesis, has a better algicidal effect than common algaecides, is harmless to common bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus, and is environmentally friendly and easy to popularize and apply.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an antimicrobial composition comprising an isothiazolinone, such as 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one, and a zinc compound selected from zinc salts, zinc oxides, zinc hydroxides or combinations thereof. Useful zinc salts include for example, oxides, sulfates, chlorides, and combinations thereof. In use, the zinc from the zinc compound enhances the antimicrobial activity to the isothiazolin-containing composition. This enhancement permits achieving the desired antimicrobial activity at a lower usage rate than is achieved using the isothiazolinone in the absence of the zinc compound. The antimicrobial composition can also contain co-biocides, such as pyrithiones, including zinc pyrithione or copper pyrithione.

Abstract: A co-polymer includes a polymerization product of: a first monomer: and a second monomer represented by (R1O)(R2O)B-L-X1—PG2 where: L is absent, or is alkylenyl, alkenylenyl, or arylene, wherein the alkylenyl and alkenylenyl are optionally interrupted with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms; X1 is absent, or is amino, oxo, thio, or phosphino; PG2 is a polymerizable group; R1 and R2 are independently H, alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, C(O)R3, C(O)OR3, C(O)NHR3, or R1 and R2 together with the oxygen atoms to which they are bonded join to form a 5- or 6-membered ring; and R3 is H, alkyl, alkenyl, or aryl, wherein the alkyl and alkenyl are optionally interrupted with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms.

Abstract: Described are preferred solid herbicidal formulations that include one or more herbicides in combination with a solid carrier, as well as methods of manufacture and use thereof. Solid herbicidal formulations are designed to deliver a moderated release of the incorporated load of herbicidal agent(s), for example to enhance uptake by target plants and/or the ability to spatially control a plant population within a body of water that exhibits flow.

Abstract: Compositions and methods, including novel homogeneous microparticulate suspensions, are described for treating natural surfaces that contain bacterial biofilm, including unexpected synergy or enhancing effects between bismuth-thiol (BT) compounds and certain antibiotics, to provide formulations including antiseptic formulations. Previously unpredicted antibacterial properties and anti-biofilm properties of disclosed BT compounds and BT compound-plus-antibiotic combinations are also described, including preferential efficacies of certain such compositions for treating certain gram-positive bacterial infections, and distinct preferential efficacies of certain such compositions for treating certain gram-negative bacterial infections.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of mixtures containing hydrazone compounds and copper for controlling the growth of algae.

Abstract: A controlled release copper sulfate algaecide for controlling phytoplankton growth, including blue green algae is described. The controlled release algaecide includes a copper sulfate granule coated with at least one layer including a polyurethane which is a reaction product of a polymeric diisocyanate and a polyol.

Abstract: New, highly effective and long-lasting algaecidal compositions of aqueous solutions of one or more organic acids and a source of metal ions.

Abstract: An aqueous composition for treatment of water comprising: (a) an N,N-dimethyl-2-hydroxypropylammonium chloride polymer; (b) lanthanum chloride; and (c) a dimethylamine epichlorohydrin ethylenediamine polymer; and a method of treating water using the composition.

Abstract: A synergistic antimicrobial composition containing a glyphosate compound and zinc pyrithione is provided. Also provided is a method of inhibiting the growth of or controlling the growth of microorganisms in a building material by adding such a synergistic antimicrobial composition. Also provided is a coating composition containing such a synergistic antimicrobial composition, and a dry film made from such a coating composition.

Abstract: A synergistic antimicrobial composition containing a glyphosate compound and thiabendazole is provided. Also provided is a method of inhibiting the growth of or controlling the growth of microorganisms in a building material by adding such a synergistic antimicrobial composition. Also provided is a coating composition containing such a synergistic antimicrobial composition, and a dry film made from such a coating composition.

Abstract: Compositions for cleaning, sanitizing and maintaining contained bodies of water such as swimming pools, wading pools, fountains, ornamental ponds, etc. The compositions include pre-determined percentages of hydrates of copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, and aluminum sulfate by weight. The composition uses hydrates of copper, zinc and aluminum sulfates instead of the anhydrous metal salts. The hydrate forms can be mined, transported, processed, mixed and packaged without climate controlled conditions necessary for anhydrous metal salts. Hydrates in the composition can gain additional water molecules or lose attached water molecules during manufacture, processing, transportation or use of the composition, without negatively affecting the physical format of the composition or reducing its effectiveness. The compositions reduce amounts of chlorine and an amount of labor associated with the cleaning, sanitization and maintenance of contained bodies of water.

Abstract: The present invention relates to treatment of water, and more specifically to treatment of water using a stable formulation of polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) and a liquid or solid zinc salt for the application and prevention algae in recirculated and stagnant water systems. The invention also encompasses methods of treating water that already contains PHMB.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of combinations of 4-bromo-2-(4-chloro-phenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrrole-3-carbonitrile and an oxidizing agent, for eradicating, eliminating or reducing aquatic organisms in ballast water or bilge water whereby 4-bromo-2-(4-chloro-phenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrrole-3-carbonitrile and the oxidizing agent are in respective proportions to provide a synergistic effect against fouling organisms. Suitable oxidizing agents are e.g.

Abstract: Compositions and methods, including novel homogeneous microparticulate suspensions, are described for treating acute wounds, chronic wounds and/or a wound or epithelial tissue surface that contains bacterial biofilm, including unexpected synergy between bismuth-thiol (BT) compounds and certain antibiotics, to provide topical formulations including antiseptic formulations, for management and promotion of wound healing and in particular infected wounds. Previously unpredicted antibacterial properties and anti-biofilm properties of disclosed BT compounds and BT compound-plus-antibiotic combinations are also described, including preferential efficacies of certain such compositions for treating gram-positive bacterial infections, and distinct preferential efficacies of certain such compositions for treating gram-negative bacterial infections.

Abstract: Described are compositions and methods for application to a body of water to manage water quality therein. The compositions and methods involve the use of a combination of aluminum sulfate and copper sulfate formulated for rapid release in the body of water. Simple compositions and facile methods are made available which balance algae control and phosphorous depletion to improve or maintain water quality while not unduly upsetting other chemistries of the body of water.

Abstract: The invention relates to the control of pH in water, preferably pool/spa water along with the control and/or removal of algal populations, by adding to the water a desired synergistic amount of a lanthanide-containing compound, a transition metal salt ions sufficient to bind with hydroxyl into a slightly soluble or insoluble reaction product, thereby removing sufficient hydroxyl ion from the water to lower the pH thereof, and copper and/or silver to act as an algicide and potential pH affecting compound.

Abstract: The present invention is an aqueous composition for controlling or eradicating moss from undesirable locations such as lawns and golf course putting greens. The composition contains a fertilizer, a metal containing salt, a surfactant or wetting agent, and optionally, an acidic pH control agent. The composition can be provided in a form to be mixed and/or diluted by the end-user or in an aqueous form ready to be sprayed onto the infected area. Since the product can be broadly applied and encourages grass growth and development, it provides significant advantages over conventional moss control products intended for spot treating only.

Abstract: A composite for inhibiting algae growth comprising a polypore base carrier and a nano-metal mixture coated on the carrier, wherein the mixture comprising a nano-metal particle and a substance for fixing the particle on the carrier.

Abstract: A composition and method for cleaning, sanitizing and maintaining contained bodies of water such as swimming pools, wading pools, fountains, ornamental ponds, etc. The composition includes pre-determined percentages of copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, and aluminum sulfate by weight. The composition and method reduce amounts of chlorine and an amount of labor associated with the cleaning, sanitization and maintenance of contained bodies of water.

Abstract: Compositions including alum and a smectite mineral material for the clarification of bodies of water by removal of dissolved solids, dissolved organic materials and other anions such as fluoride and chloride as well as the removal of total phosphorus from such bodies of water.

Abstract: Use of internal gas-forming compound to adjust coating porosity to control copper release rates in algae-retardant roofing granule products.

Abstract: A bactericide useful as a shelf life extender for produce and other food products. The bactericide is an aqueous solution formed from water, copper sulfate pentahydrate and a reagent, which can either be an acid or hydrogen peroxide. The bactericide is applied as a coating on the food product and is especially useful in extending the shelf life of fruits and vegetables. Other applications of the bactericide include treatment of drinking water, bacteria and algae control in pools and natural bodies of, water and as a disinfectant in cleansers.

Abstract: Compositions including alum, a smectite material and optionally one or more of a buffer and an algaecide coating or additives for the clarification of bodies of water by removal of dissolved solids, dissolved organic materials and other anions such as fluoride and chloride as well as the removal of total phosphorus from such bodies of water. The compositions are designed to be delivered to concentrated or impounded phosphorus located at the bottom of various bodies of water and may be produced in various physical forms.

Abstract: A biocidal composition comprising copper (II) oxalate.

Abstract: A water treatment agent and method of treating water to inhibit, reduce, or prevent the formation of algae and bacteria in a water body. The water treatment agent may include copper sulfate penta-hydrate and/or silver, di-sodium ethylene di-amine tetra-acetic acid dihydrate, a scale inhibitor, a shocking agent and a buffer agent. For instance, the treatment agent may include a composition of copper sulfate pentahydrate, di-sodium ethylene di-amine tetra-acetic acid, monopotassium phosphate or sulfuric acid, and potassium monopersulfate and 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid.

Abstract: The invention relates to a treatment for the control of algae in aquatic environments. The treatment includes an algicide in combination with at least one of a pH stabilizer, a clarifier, and a sanitizer reducer/enhancer.

Abstract: A method of controlling algae in a municipal water plant including the step of adding an algicide-flocculant solution including 25-50 wt % acidic flocculent, 0-10 wt % polymer flocculant aid, an algicide consisting essentially of copper having a concentration of 0.025-1.275 wt % in the form of a water soluble copper salt, balance water. The algicide-flocculant solution may be added to the water via a clarifier of the water plant, a basin of the water plant, or a mixing chamber. The mixing chamber may be located within the clarifier, adjacent to the basin, or upstream of the clarifier and/or the basin.

Abstract: The invention relates to a treatment for the control of algae in aquatic environments. The treatment includes an algicide in combination with at least one of a pH stabilizer, a clarifier, and a sanitizer reducer/enhancer.

Abstract: A process for preparing a disinfectant for use in swimming pools and the like. The process provides a formulation containing copper sulfate pentahydrate that will remain suspended so long as the formulation is maintained at a temperature above 40° F. The process includes the step of mixing the copper sulfate pentahydrate with water, sulfuric acid and ammonium sulfate at a temperature of 187° F.±10° F., then rapidly cooling the mixture to a temperature of 57-65° F. Colloidal silver or gold added to the formulation before the step of rapidly cooling will also remain suspended. Hydrogen peroxide may be added to enhance the performance of the disinfectant.

Abstract: Microbiological control in water systems is achieved with an amount,of 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin that is less than the amount of N,N′-bromochloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin required to achieve the same degree of microbiological control. The methods of combating Escherichia coli and/or Enterococcus faecium in an aqueous medium, and biofilms such as formed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa on surfaces contacted by the aqueous medium, involve introducing into the medium a biocidally effective amount of 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin. A microbiological control agent for use in water in accordance with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency regulations is purveyed in containers of a water control agent comprising 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, which containers bear a label having thereon dosage levels pursuant to requirements promulgated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin is used or purveyed either as a product having a large average particle size (e.g.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of using electrically generated silver ions to control plant pathogens. Silver ions electrically generated in an aqueous medium and contacted with plant pathogens are effective for treating and preventing infections in plants caused by plant pathogens.

Abstract: Inexpensive, and easy to use self cleaning mixtures that use photoactive agents such as titanium dioxide(TiO2) and tungsten oxide(WO3) along with mixing the agents with co-catalysts such as carbon(C), Fe(iron), Cu(copper), Ni(nickel) and CO2P. In addition, the co-catalyst loading can include up to approximately 5% carbon to maximize the inhibiting algae growth. The mixtures can be used to inhibit various growth organisms such as but not limited to algae, fungus, bacteria and mold. The agents can be combined together, and/or each agent can be combined with various coatings, such as but not limited to a cement or a polymer binder. The coatings can be applied to surfaces that are exposed to water such as but not limited to an aquarium, liners on the inner walls of swimming pools, drinking water tanks, and the like. Additionally, the coatings can be used as surfacing agent in contact with water within solar water heaters, piping adjacent to pool pumps, and the like.

Abstract: Inexpensive, and easy to use self cleaning mixtures that use photoactive agents such as titanium dioxide(TiO2) and tungsten oxide(WO3) along with mixing the agents with co-catalysts such as carbon(C), Fe(iron), Cu(copper), Ni(nickel) and CO2P. In addition, the co-catalyst loading can include up to approximately 5% carbon to maximize the inhibiting algae growth. The mixtures can be used to inhibit various growth organisms such as but not limited to algae, fungus, bacteria and mold. The agents can be combined together, and/or each agent can be combined with various coatings, such as but not limited to a cement or a polymer binder. The coatings can be applied to surfaces that are exposed to water such as but not limited to an aquarium, liners on the inner walls of swimming pools, drinking water tanks, and the like. Additionally, the coatings can be used as surfacing agent in contact with water within solar water heaters, piping adjacent to pool pumps, and the like.

Abstract: Dry, stable, high available halogen sanitizing granular compositions with a rapid rate of dissolution comprising halogenated 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triones and a dissolution accelerant that is an alkali metal salt of 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-trione are disclosed. The disclosed compositions may include inorganic and/or organic disintegration agents. Additionally, these compositions may contain other performance enhancing additives such as water clarifiers, algaestats/algaecides, surfactants, glidants, processing aids, and binders. These UV stable sanitizing compositions contain a high available halogen content, and are stable even when stored in high-humidity environments.

Abstract: An algicide-flocculant solution for use in treating raw water in a municipal water plant to control algae, the algicide-flocculant solution including 25-50 wt % of an acidic flocculant, 0-10 wt % of a polymer flocculant aid, an algicide of essentially copper having a concentration of 0.025-1.25 wt % in the form of a water soluble capper salt, and balance water. Uniform mixing of the flocculant into the raw water simultaneously uniformly mixes the algicide of the algicide-flocculant solution into the raw water. The acidic flocculant is preferably aluminium sulfate, iron sulfate, iron chloride or mixtures thereof. The water soluble copper salt is preferably copper sulfate, copper chloride, copper nitrate, copper acetate or mixtures thereof. Moreover, the flocculant aid is a high molecular weight quaternary amine such as diallyldimethylammonium chloride.

Abstract: Metal-containing biocides for treating swimming pool water, spas, cooling towers, or other industrial applications without staining are disclosed. The biocidal compositions include a source of metal and a polymeric sequestering agent. The polymeric sequestering agent may be a water-soluble anionic or cationic polymer. Conventional sequestering agents may also be included in the composition.

Abstract: A bactericidal and fungicidal solution is made by a method wherein an aqueous solution containing ammonium chloride or a chloride of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal as chloride ions is prepared, a silver salt or metallic silver is added to the aqueous solution and silver ions are dissolved as a chloro complex salt. The aqueous solution exhibits a bactericidal effect at a concentration of silver ions contained as the chloro complex salt of 0.05 mg/liter or more and a bactericidal and fungicidal effect at a concentration of 0.5 mg/liter or more.

Abstract: An antialgal method, which employs, as an antialgal component, at least one solid solution selected from the group consisting of specific hydroxide or oxide solid solutions and an organic or inorganic material containing the antialgal component.

Abstract: An algaecide formulated in a concentrated, solid composition form for subsequent dissolution in water is disclosed. The algaecide is designed to remove algae from a variety of interior and exterior surfaces. The preferred algaecide compositions chlorinated isocyanurates, such as sodium dichloro-s-triazinetrione, alkali hydroxides selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, and lithium hydroxide; metal sulfates selected from the group consisting of copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, and aluminum sulfate; and a buffer.

Abstract: The invention provides pesticidal, algicidal, herbicidal and/or fungicidal compositions, containing a complexing agent containing ethylene diamine disuccinic acid and one or selected metal ions, preferably cobalt, zinc or ions. The invention also relates to an aqueous pesticidal, algicidal, herbicidal, fungicidal composition comprising specific levels of calcium ions and complexing agent, containing a complex of a specific metal ion and a complexing a compound.

Abstract: A water soluble copper salt, preferably cupric sulfate pentahydrate, is mixed with water. A small quantity of an acidic flocculant is added to the copper sulfate solution to acidify the water and promote dissolving of the copper sulfate in the water. A 25-50% water solution of an acidic flocculant, with or without a cationic polymeric flocculant aid, is prepared and pumped into a processing vessel or tank. The acidified copper sulfate solution is added to the tank and mixed with the acidic flocculant. The algicide-flocculant solution is transported to a municipal water plant and added to raw water in the clarifier to drop out particulates in the incoming water and control algae in the clarifier.

Abstract: Stable microbicidal compositions containing a 3-isothiazolone compound, organic oxidants, copper salts and water are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods of stabilizing 3-isothiazolone compositions.

Abstract: A Thiobacillus thiooxidans growth inhibitor containing as the active ingredient at least one substance selected from the group consisting of a tungsten powder and tungsten compounds. Under acidic conditions of pH value of 4 or less, this growth inhibitor sufficiently inhibits the growth of T. thiooxidans. When added in a very small amount to, for example, a structural material such as concrete in a sewage disposal plant, etc., it can therefore inhibit the growth of T. thiooxidans without substantially decreasing the strength, etc. of the structural material per se.

Abstract: A composition described wherein bismuth is chelated by a complexing agent such as a pyrithione or certain other thiol compounds in the form a metal:complexing agent complex. Methods for using the composition as a bacteriocidal, bacteriostatic, antibiofilm, antifungal, and antiviral agent and as a disinfectant and preservative are also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed are trichloroisocyanuric acid compositions that have improved algicidal and/or fungicidal properties yet are relatively safe and non-corrosive. The compositions preferably contain between about 50% and about 95% TCCA, between about 0.5% and about 7% glycoluril, between about 2% and about 40% alum, and between about 2% and about 40% borax. The compositions generate substantially less chlorine gas than would be expected from the teachings of the prior art, especially when wet. The inventive compositions are therefore less toxic and less corrosive.

Abstract: A composition comprising a terpene, an emulsifier, and a copper complex is provided, along with methods for its use as an algaecide. The composition is effective when used as an algaecide to treat algae growth in aquatic environments, even though it contains much less terpene than other commonly-used algaecides and can be used without a conventional surfactant. The composition is also less toxic and less flammable than other commonly-used algaecides.

Abstract: Compositions comprising an ionene polymer and a pyrithione salt are disclosed which are synergistically effective compared to the respective components alone in controlling the growth of microorganisms in or on a material or medium. Methods to control the growth of microorganisms and prevent spoilage caused by microorganisms with the use of the compositions of the present invention are also disclosed.

Abstract: Self cleaning mixtures that use photoactive agents with varying oxides, along with mixing the photoactive agents with carbon, noble metals and cobalt phosphide that inhibit the growth of algae are disclosed. The agents include concentrations of approximately at least 5% to approximately 50% TiO.sub.n1, WO.sub.n2, X--WO.sub.n2, or X--TiO.sub.n1, where 1.8.ltoreq.n1.ltoreq.2, and where 2.2.ltoreq.n2.ltoreq.3, and where X can be one of carbon, a noble metal, and cobalt phosphide. The agents can be combined together, and/or each agent can be combined with various coatings such as but not limited to a cement or a polymer binder. The coatings and agents can be applied to surfaces that are exposed to water such as but not limited to an aquarium, liners on the inner walls of swimming pools, drinking water tanks and the like.

Abstract: Disclosed are trichloroisocyanuric acid compositions that have improved algicidal and/or fungicidal properties yet are relatively safe and non-corrosive. The compositions preferably contain between about 50% and about 95% TCCA, between about 0.5% and about 7% glycoluril, between about 2% and about 40% alum, and between about 2% and about 40% borax. The compositions generate substantially less chlorine gas than would be expected from the teachings of the prior art, especially when wet. The inventive compositions are therefore less toxic and less corrosive.