Abstract: The product is made, in part, of a network of interconnected mycelia cells forming a mass. In one embodiment, the mass includes one or more embedded elements, such as a panel. In another embodiment, the mass is formed over a three-dimensional lattice. The mycelia cells form hyphae that bond directly to panels made of cellulosic materials.

Abstract: Provided are 5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine derivatives useful as intermediates for pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals and as intermediates for electronic materials and methods for producing the same. 2,4-dichloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine is reacted with 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol, benzyl alcohol, or benzenethiol to obtain the intended 2-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-4-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine, 2-benzyloxy-4-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine, 2,4-bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine, or 2-chloro-4-phenylthio-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine.

Abstract: The invention disclosed in this document concerns controlling planthoppers.

Abstract: A method for enhancing the growth of plants, flowering plants, fruits and vegetables produced by such plants through contacting the plants during growth periods with effective amounts of vanadyl compositions. These methods include compositions's application rates, time of application and other plant conditions such as stress, moisture levels and other growth variables in order to achieve enhanced fruit yields.

Abstract: Stable, concentrated non-aqueous suspensions of water-soluble solids are prepared by using a water soluble active compound comprising water hydratable polysaccharides, biocides, fertilizers and mixtures thereof dispersed in water-miscible organic liquid carriers, preferably lower alkadiols in conjunction with a specific three component surfactant system, i.e., a system comprising a nonionic polymeric viscosity modifier surfactant; an anionic surfactant; and a nonionic surfactant having a bulky hydrophobic substituent group.

Abstract: Water-soluble polyorganic acids having a molecular size of more than 1,500 Daltons enhance plant fertilizer uptake when supplied to the plant, usually in the root feeding zone or through foliar mechanisms. Particularly suitable for this purpose are the polyamino acids such as polyaspartic acid and copolymers thereof.

Abstract: A herbicide containing a pyrimidine or triazine derivative of the formula (I): ##STR1## [wherein A is a furan ring, a pyrimidine ring, a 1,2,4-triazine ring or the like which may suitably be substituted, R is a hydroxyl group or a lower alkoxy group, each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 which may be the same or different, is a halogen atom, a lower alkyl group or a lower alkoxy group, W is an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom, and Z is nitrogen or a methine group] and its salt, as an active ingredient, is presented. The pyrimidine or triazine derivative of the present invention has excellent herbicidal effects against noxious weeds in paddy fields, upland fields and non-agricultural fields.

Abstract: A method for dispensing an emulsion or a water soluble composition in an aqueous medium comprising the steps of introducing said water soluble composition and at least one non-ionic or anionic surfactant into water so that the resulting concentration of surfactant or surfactant mixture in the water is less than the critical micelle concentration.

Abstract: Herbicidal compositions comprising a post-emergence herbicide and tetrapotassium pyrophosphate as the spray adjuvant. The compositions are suitable as foliar sprays for controlling undesirable vegetation without causing damage to crops. The tetrapotassium pyrophosphate spray adjuvant has surfactant and plant nutrient characteristics and functions synergistically with the herbicide to increase its level of absorption into plant tissues and to stimulate both the target and non-target plant species to growth responses for increased herbicide efficacy.

Abstract: Vanadyl ion compositions for promoting plant growth, especially plant fruits, and the methods for applying the compositions are provided. Specifically, the compositions comprise an organic compound or complex of vanadyl ions and a carrier liquid. Preferably, the organic compound or complex of vanadyl ions is a vanadyl salt of a carboxylic acid, and the pH of the composition ranges from 6 to 8.The composition is applied to plants, especially monocots and dicots, to promote the growth of the plants. The composition may be sprayed on the foliage of the plants, applied to the earth around the plants, or applied to the roots of the plants by irrigation. The composition should be applied during the growth period of the plants, and particularly from about 21 days before the begining of the reproductive stage of the plant to about 21 days after the begining of the reproductive stage of the plant. The composition should be applied to achieve a treatment rate ranging from about 0.0006 to 0.