Abstract: A lubricant from plant and/or animal oils and fats; a method for producing a lubricating oil, and the oil produced thereby. The lubricant comprises a diester produced by epoxidising an animal or plant fat or oil having an iodine number above about 7 and reacting the epoxidised oil or fat with a carboxylic acid anhydride in the presence of a basic catalyst.

Abstract: Grease which includes a base oil containing at least 50% by mass of a specific diester compound of a glycol with a branched carboxylic acid, and a specific diurea compound as a thickener. The grease is excellent in low-temperature performance and has low oil separation tendency. In particular, when used in a rotation transmission device having a built-in one-way clutch, the grease can provide satisfactory clutch engagement performance (intermeshing) at low temperatures and is less apt to cause oil separation under high centrifugal force.

Abstract: Disclosed is lubricant base oil that is excellent in lubricity, sludge solubility, low viscosity, and low temperature characteristics and capable of realizing low volatility. The lubricant base oil contains as its main component a diester or triester synthesized from a divalent or trivalent carboxylic acid of 9 or less carbon atoms and a monovalent glycol ether such as an alkylene glycol monoalkyl ether of 3 to 25 carbon atoms and is useful as base oil for lubricating oil and grease. Di(hexyloxyethyl) adipate may be cited as an appropriate example of the diester.

Abstract: Provided herein are lubricating oil compositions for high performance engines comprising a Group III base oil and a combination of ester base stocks, wherein the combination comprises (i) an ester base stock having a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of about 2-10 cSt, (ii) an ester base stock having a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of about 10 to 50 cSt, and (iii) an ester base stock having a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of greater than about 100 cSt. The lubricating oil composition can further comprise at least one additive. Methods of making and using the lubricating oil compositions are also described.

Abstract: A high temperature lubricant composition for lubricating conveyored oven chains and other high temperature applications comprises at least one polyol polyester polymer and optionally at least one additive. The polyol polyester polymer can be made from esterification of at least one polyol, at least one dicarboxylic acid and at least one monocarboxylic acid. Optionally, at least one polyol polyester, at least one extreme pressure/antiwear agent and/or at least one metal deactivator is added to the final lubricant composition. The lubricant has a kinematic viscosity @40° C. of from about 50 to about 1,000 centistokes, a viscosity index of at least about 140, and a flash point of at least about 270° C. The lubricants have low evaporation loss, high resistance to oxidation, and provide reduction of friction when used in high temperature lubricant applications.

Abstract: A method and system to reduce fuel consumption and environmental impact in a two-stroke engine. Fresh system oil having a TBN less than 10 is provided and used in the two-stroke engine to produce partially used system oil. The partially used system oil is withdrawn from the two stroke engine and at least one friction modifier is added to at least some of the withdrawn partially used system oil, wherein the addition of the at least one friction modifier reduces the friction coefficient of the withdrawn system oil, resulting in a system oil having reduced friction. The system oil with reduced friction is combined with partially used system oil remaining in said two-stroke and the combined system oil is used to lubricate pistons of said two-stroke engine.

Abstract: The present invention is generally directed to diester-based lubricant compositions. The present invention is also directed to methods of making these and other similar lubricant compositions. In some embodiments, the methods for making such diester-based lubricants utilize a biomass precursor and/or low value Fischer-Tropsch (FT) olefins and/or alcohols so as to produce high value diester-based lubricants. In some embodiments, such diester-based lubricants are derived from FT olefins and fatty acids. The fatty acids can be from a bio-based source (i.e., biomass, renewable source) or can be derived from FT alcohols via oxidation.

Abstract: A grease composition is disclosed, wherein a metallic soap-base thickener containing a long-fiber material having a major axis part length of at least 3 ?m is blended with a base oil obtained by mixing a lubricating oil having a polar group within the molecule structure and a non-polar lubricating oil, which can improve the initial sound (cage sound) of bearing at the starting of operation in a low-temperature environment and is effective on the reduction of fretting damage (abrasion) or torque, and also a rolling bearing and a linear acting apparatus each obtained by packing the grease composition are disclosed, which exhibit excellent low-temperature acoustic property and are reduced in the fretting damage (abrasion) or torque.

Abstract: A refrigerating machine oil composition according to the invention comprises an alicyclic polycarboxylic acid ester compound obtained from the following compounds (a) to (c): (a) an alicyclic polycarboxylic acid having an alicyclic ring and two or more carboxyl groups, or its derivative, wherein at least two of the carboxyl groups are bonded to mutually adjacent carbon atoms on the alicyclic ring; (b) a compound with two or more hydroxyl groups or its derivative; and (c) a compound with one hydroxyl group or its derivative. It can be used together with HFC refrigerants and natural refrigerants such as carbon dioxide and hydrocarbons, to provide a satisfactory balance between all of the properties of lubricity, miscibility with refrigerants, heat and hydrolytic stability and electric insulating property.

Abstract: To provide a lubricant for recording medium, which is advantageous not only in that it maintains excellent lubricity under various conditions for use and excellent lubricating effect over a long time, but also in that it can impart excellent transport properties and excellent abrasion resistance as well as excellent durability. For example, when C18H37—CH(CH2COOC10H6OH)COORf (wherein Rf represents a saturated or unsaturated partially-fluorinated-alkyl group) is used as a lubricant for magnetic recording medium, there can be obtained a magnetic recording medium having excellent transport properties and excellent abrasion resistance as well as excellent durability.

Abstract: Novel oil-in-oil emulsions and methods of lubrication using the same are provided. The lubricants are stable emulsions of carrier fluid and high viscosity fluid that display superior properties related to lubricating film thickness and reduced shear strength.

Abstract: There is provided a durable low-torque lubricating oil for bearings and fluid dynamic bearings, porous oil-impregnated bearings and hydrodynamic type porous oil-impregnated bearings suitable for use as bearings in small-sized spindle motors for information equipment. The lubricating oil composition comprising (A) a diester of a monovalent aliphatic alcohol containing 6-10 carbon atoms and a saturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acid containing 10 carbon atoms as base oil and (B) 3-20% by weight of a low-viscosity lubricating oil with a kinematic viscosity of less than 11 mm2/s at 40° C., a fluid dynamic pressure bearing unit or a porous oil-impregnated bearing unit containing said lubricating oil composition or a spindle motor provided with said bearing unit.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a new low molecular weight branched alkenyl succinic acid derivative that may be prepared by reacting a low molecular weight polyisobutene (PIB) having from about 8 to about 32 carbon atoms, and wherein at least about 50% of the olefinic bonds of the polyisobutene comprises methylvinylidene isomer plus tri-substituted isomer, with an unsaturated acidic reagent and method of making same, resulting in alkenyl succinic acid derivative isomers; and a low molecular weight branched alkenyl succinimide and method of making same.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of reducing intake valve deposits in a direct injection engine, the method comprising lubricating the engine with a lubricating oil composition comprising a base oil mixture, the base oil mixture comprising (i) a Group III, a Group IV oil, or a mixture thereof, in combination with (ii) a synthetic ester oil, the weight ratio of (i) to (ii) being from about 0.2:1 to about 6:1.

Abstract: Lubricant compositions comprising biodegradable ester base stocks are provided for water-cooled or air-cooled two-cycle engines.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition which comprises at least one compound selected from specific cyclic organic phosphorus compounds is disclosed. The lubricating oil composition exhibits excellent extreme pressure property, seizure resistance and wear resistance and is advantageously used as bearing oil, gear oil, hydraulic oil and refrigerator oil.

Abstract: A rolling bearing, for application in electric auxiliaries for a car, durable owing to high resistance to high temperatures and capable of restraining noises from being generated at low temperatures; and lubricant grease, for low and high temperature application, which can be sealed in the rolling bearing. The lubricant grease includes 100 parts by weight of a mixture of fluorine-containing lubricant grease containing perfluoropolyether oil as a base oil thereof and fluorocarbon resin powder as a thickening agent thereof and urea-containing lubricant grease containing polyester oil as a base oil thereof and a urea compound as a thickening agent thereof; and 3 to 30 parts by weight of polyolefin oil added to the mixed grease. The polyolefin oil has a pour point of not more than −50° C. and a kinematic viscosity of 10 to 70 mm2/s at 40° C.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of reducing intake valve deposits in a direct injection engine, the method comprising lubricating the engine with a lubricating oil composition comprising a base oil mixture, the base oil mixture comprising (i) a Group III, a Group IV oil, or a mixture thereof, in combination with (ii) a synthetic ester oil, the weight ratio of (i) to (ii) being from about 0.2:1 to about 6:1.

Abstract: The present invention includes a traction fluid that includes a di-acid ester bridged dimer. Methods of using di-acid ester bridged dimers in traction fluids are also disclosed.

Abstract: The peak-torque descending composition of the present invention contains a certain amount of an extreme pressure agent comprising at least neutral phosphate esters and/or neutral phosphite esters in a solvent comprising hydrocarbons and/or ethers. Further, a certain corrosion inhibitor may be contained. The part having a sliding portion of the present invention is surface-treated with the above composition. The process for producing a component or precision machine having a sliding portion, including immersing a part having a sliding portion in the above composition to adhere or absorb the composition onto the surface of the part. The press fit method of the present invention includes preliminarily immersing the metal plate or the metal shaft in the peak-torque descending composition to adhere or absorb the composition onto an inner surface of a hole.

Abstract: In a grease composition which essentially comprises a base oil and a thickener, a mixture of a urea compound and lithium soap is blended as the thickener. The content of the urea compound in the thickener is preferably set to 20 to 80 wt %. As the urea compound, an alkyl group- or cyclohexyl group-terminated diurea compound, or, particularly, a diurea compound in which the diisocyanate component is 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate is preferably used. In a rolling bearing which is lubricated by the grease composition, the acoustic performance is largely improved by a synergistic action of the lithium soap and the urea compound, and simultaneously also the anti-fretting property is enhanced by an action of the urea compound.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of improving elastomer seal compatibility and dispersancy in an internal combustion engine by contacting the elastomer seal in the internal combustion engine with a lubricating oil composition comprising:

Abstract: A lubricant additive formulation for increasing the performance of conventional engine lubricants for use as an engine treatment oil additive formulated for addition to conventional motor oil to improve the lubricating properties of the engine oil and enhance the performance of the engine. A preferred embodiment of the engine treatment oil additive comprises a blend of chemical constituents including a base stock selected from a synthetic base stock, a mineral oil base stock, and a severely hydrocracked base stock or combinations thereof, an oil soluble molybdenum additive, dispersant inhibitor, and selected additives such as polytetrafluoroethylene, viscosity index improvers, and extreme pressure wear agent used in combination with a conventional crankcase lubricant at about a 20 to about a 25% volume/percent or as a complete motor oil. Additional components may be added to the engine treatment oil additive formulation to enhance specific properties for special applications.

Abstract: The present invention includes a traction fluid that includes a di-acid ester bridged dimer. Methods of using di-acid ester bridged dimers in traction fluids are also disclosed.

Abstract: High performance engine oils and other liquid lubricants comprise a liquid lubricant basestock of low viscosity from 1.5 to 12 cSt (100C) with two dissolved polymer components of differing molecular weights. The basestock is preferably a single PAO or blend of PAOs with a co-basestock component which is preferably an ester or an alkylated aromatic of comparable viscosity. The lower molecular weight polymer is highly viscoelastic in character and is preferably an HVI-PAO; this component in the lubricant which provides unexpectedly high film thickness and unexpectedly good wear protection under conditions where the second, higher molecular weight polymer may lose some or all of its thickening power. The use of the highly viscoelastic low molecular weight polymer in combination with the higher molecular weight thickener enables the production of very widely cross-graded engine oils, especially oils with a low temperature grading of 0W or better.

Abstract: Non-staining, active metal-working compositions are disclosed. The compositions contain active sulfur to provide extreme pressure properties for metal-working fluids. A metal corrosion inhibitor is disclosed that reduces the corrosivity of free sulfur on non-ferrous metallic objects.

Abstract: Lubricating oil formulations comprising base oil, sulfur-phosphorous anti-wear/extreme pressure agent and hindered phenol antioxidant, which combination of extreme pressure agent and hindered phenol antioxidant produces crystals and containing antioxidants, wherein the base oil is characterized as having a saturates content of 99 wt % or more is stabilized against crystal formation by the addition of a minor amount of high molecular weigh di- or polycarboxylic acid, or anhydride and an ester.

Abstract: Lubricant compositions comprising biodegradable ester base stocks are provided for water-cooled or air-cooled two-cycle engines.

Abstract: To provide a lubricant for recording medium, which is advantageous not only in that it maintains excellent lubricity under various conditions for use and excellent lubricating effect over a long time, but also in that it can impart excellent transport properties and excellent abrasion resistance as well as excellent durability. For example, when C18H37—CH(CH2COOC10H6OH)COORf (wherein Rf represents a saturated or unsaturated partially-fluorinated-alkyl group) is used as a lubricant for magnetic recording medium, there can be obtained a magnetic recording medium having excellent transport properties and excellent abrasion resistance as well as excellent durability.

Abstract: The invention relates to a refrigerator oil composition for compression refrigerators with carbon dioxide refrigerant therein, such as car air conditioners, refrigerators, freezers, air conditioners, heat pumps, etc. The base oil of the composition comprises an oxygen-containing organic compound as the essential component and has a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of from 5 to 50 mm2/sec, a viscosity index of at least 60, and a water content of at most 300 ppm.

Abstract: A biodegradable lubricant that is at least 60% biodegradable and has a gelation index of about 12 or less can be formulated using a transesterified triglyceride base oil together with a synthetic ester. A combination of an ester viscosity index improver and an olefin copolymer viscosity index improver also can be added. Further, the composition can be blended with mineral oils to lower the polarity in order to employ standard dispersant/inhibitor packages. Further, by mixing high and low viscosities of mineral oil in the formulation, it is possible to prepare a full range of SAE grade engine oils for gasoline-fueled and diesel-fueled engines.

Abstract: A refrigerating machine oil composition according to the invention comprises an alicyclic polycarboxylic acid ester compound obtained from the following compounds (a) to (c):

Abstract: There is provided a durable low-torque lubricating oil for bearings and fluid dynamic bearings, porous oil-impregnated bearings and hydrodynamic type porous oil-impregnated bearings suitable for use as bearings in small-sized spindle motors for information equipment. The lubricating oil composition comprising (A) a diester of a monovalent aliphatic alcohol containing 6-10 carbon atoms and a saturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acid containing 10 carbon atoms as base oil and (B) 3-20% by weight of a low-viscosity lubricating oil with a kinematic viscosity of less than 11 mm2/s at 40 ° C., a fluid dynamic pressure bearing unit or a porous oil-impregnated bearing unit containing said lubricating oil composition or a spindle motor provided with said bearing unit.

Abstract: Improved performance of two-cycle and four-cycle engines is achieved by adding to the oil or fuel of such engines a composition that contains a copolymer of an alpha-olefin and a dialkyl fumarate or maleate and/or a synthetic diester compound that has about 30 carbon atoms. For two-cycle engines, the composition preferably contains both chemicals, in addition to an octane booster such as methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl. For four-cycle engines, the composition contains at least one of the copolymer and diester, in addition to a molybdenum or bismuth salt, dimercapto 1,3,4-thiadiazole and sulfur-phosphorous EP and/or chlorinated paraffin. The composition can also act to improve gear and grease lubrication and provide improved lubricity to fuels.

Abstract: A lubricant for wire, which is insulated by means of a lacquer coating, and which is used for forming the stator windings of an electrical refrigerating compressor, consists of one or more compounds of the formula CH3—Xn—R, wherein X is a linear or branched hydrocarbon group with n carbon atoms, wherein n is up to 22, and R may be hydrogen or a plurality of different radicals, either in a pure form or dissolved in a suitable solvent. The lubricant is applied to the wire to reduce its coefficient of friction, and it is remarkable for its compatibility with the environmentally unharmful refrigerants, such as R134a (1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane), which are used today in refrigerating compressors without capillary tube obstructions.

Abstract: Provided is a metal working oil composition not containing a chlorine compound. Its working capabilities in low-speed cutting or heavy cutting operations such as broaching or gun-drilling operations are comparable to or better than those of chlorine compound-containing lubricant oil. The composition comprises 100 parts by weight of a lubricant base oil that comprises from 0 to 30% by weight of (a) a mineral base oil and from 70% to 100% by weight of (b) a &pgr; electron-containing synthetic base oil, from 0.1 to 25 parts by weight of (c) a sulfur-containing extreme-pressure agent, and from 0.1 to 7 parts by weight of (d) an alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal sulfonate.

Abstract: A novel biodegradable polyneopentyl polyol (PNP) ester based synthetic ester basestock that includes a PNP ester admixed with a dicarboxylic acid ester coupling agent is provided. The PNP ester-coupling agent mixture is blended further with minor amounts of a single, or mixture of, additional high molecular weight linear or branched chain ester. The final basestocks are compatible with standard lubricant additive packages and miscible with gasoline to provide biodegradable lubricants that have improved viscosity characteristics, good low temperature properties, and improved lubricity for 2-stroke engine lubricant applications.

Abstract: A novel biodegradable polyneopentyl polyol (PNP) ester based synthetic ester basestock that includes a PNP ester admixed with a dicarboxylic acid ester coupling agent is provided. The PNP ester-coupling agent mixture is blended further with minor amounts of a single, or mixture of, additional high molecular weight linear or branched chain ester. The final basestocks are compatible with standard lubricant additive packages and miscible with gasoline to provide biodegradable lubricants that have improved viscosity characteristics, good low temperature properties, and improved lubricity for 2-stroke engine lubricant applications.

Abstract: It is an object of the invention to provide a grease composition which can improve both the acoustic performance and anti-fretting property of a ball bearing, and a rolling bearing which is lubricated by such a grease composition.

Abstract: Oils containing a triacylglycerol polyol ester and a non-glycerol polyol ester are described, as well as methods of making such oils. Methods for improving lubrication properties of a vegetable oil also are described.

Abstract: A grease composition is disclosed, wherein a metallic soap-base thickener containing a long-fiber material having a major axis part length of at least 3 &mgr;m is blended with a base oil obtained by mixing a lubricating oil having a polar group within the molecule structure and a non-polar lubricating oil, which can improve the initial sound (cage sound) of bearing at the starting of operation in a low-temperature environment and is effective on the reduction of fretting damage (abrasion) or torque, and also a rolling bearing and a linear acting apparatus each obtained by packing the grease composition are disclosed, which exhibit excellent low-temperature acoustic property and are reduced in the fretting damage (abrasion) or torque.

Abstract: Compositions comprising a wax, a nucleator, and a wax growth arrestor improve the low temperature properties of fuel oils, especially high wax content fuels.

Abstract: Rolling bearings are proposed in which acoustic deterioration is suppressed which maintaining low dust, low torque and long life. Also, a grease for rolling bearings is proposed which is less likely to scatter under centrifugal force at high speed rotation, whereby preventing malfunction and noise of electronic information devices. A lubricating oil film of an ester-series oil having a dynamic viscosity at 40° C. of 35 mm2/s or over is formed on the friction surface of a rolling bearing. There is also provided a high-speed rolling bearing in which a lubricating grease having its worked penetration (JIS K2220) adjusted to 175-250 is retained therein. The grease is preferably prepared by adding a thickening agent containing 50 wt % or more of an aliphatic lithium salt 12-24 in carbon number to a base oil comprising 30 wt % or more of an ester oil having a dynamic viscosity at 40° C. of 10 mm2/s or over, and having its worked penetration (JIS K2220) adjusted to 175-250.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a rolling bearing suitable for the use under a high temperature, high speed, high load and high vibration condition, having a good rust-preventive performance and the excellent flaking life without a hazard to a human body. A rolling bearing is described, comprising an inner race, an outer race and rolling elements, with a grease composition comprising, as the main components, a base oil, a thickener and at least one kind of a rust-preventive additive made from a naphthenate or a succinic acid derivative, packed in a bearing space formed by at least the inner race, the outer race and the rolling elements, said at least one kind of a rust-preventive additive is present in an amount of 0.1 to 10% by weight based on the total amount of the grease composition.

Abstract: A binary two phase engine oil composition having two substantially immiscible liquid phases exhibits improved fuel economy which is maintained over an extended period. The first liquid phase comprises a base oil, natural or synthetic. The second liquid phase is a polar organic liquid, preferably a complex alcohol ester, preferably derived from a polyol, a polybasic acid, and a monohydric alcohol.

Abstract: Improved performance of two-cycle and four-cycle engines is achieved by adding to the oil or fuel of such engines a composition that contains a copolymer of an alpha-olefin and a dialkyl fumarate or maleate and/or a synthetic diester compound that has about 30 carbon atoms. For two-cycle engines, the composition preferably contains both chemicals, in addition to an octane booster such as methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl. For four-cycle engines, the composition contains at least one of the copolymer and diester, in addition to a molybdenum or bismuth salt, dimercapto 1,3,4-thiadiazole and sulfur-phosphorous EP and/or chlorinated paraffin. The composition can also act to improve gear and grease lubrication and provide improved lubricity to fuels.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lubricating oil composition for use in industrial oils such as hydraulic oils, bearing oils, industrial gear oils and sliding surface lubricating oils.

Abstract: There is provided is a conductive lubricant for a fluid dynamic bearing being able to ground static electricity occurring at the fluid dynamic bearing without impairing the performance of the fluid dynamic bearing. This conductive lubricant for a fluid dynamic bearing is provided by an ester base oil such as dioctyl sebacate that concurrently has heat resistance, a small quantity of evaporation, low cost and wettability to metal, which are necessary for a fluid dynamic bearing. The conductive lubricant contains 0.1 to 5 percent by weight of antistatic additive such as alkyl aryl sulfonate having an affinity for this ester base oil. Therefore, this antistatic additive imparts conductivity to the base oil, by which the static electricity occurring at the fluid dynamic bearing can be grounded without impairing the lubrication performance.

Abstract: A lubricant composition having excellent lubricity and comprising at least one compound selected among fluorine compounds each having a perfluoroalkyl or perfluoroether group and an alkyl or alkenyl group in the molecule and at least one compound selected among fluorine compounds each having a perfluoropolyether group in the molecule; and a magnetic recording medium excellent in running durability and still durability and comprising a nonmagnetic substrate (1) and, formed thereon in this order, a ferromagnetic thin metal film (2), a carbon film (3), and a lubricant layer (4), wherein the lubricant layer (4) contains the lubricant composition.

Abstract: A grease composition with which low torque property, low noise property and low volatilization property can be maintained, is provided.