Abstract: Polyalkyl(meth)acrylates contain specified amounts of long-chain alkyl (meth)acrylates and functional monomers. Lubricant compositions can contain such polyalkyl(meth)acrylates, and the polyalkyl(meth)acrylates can be used as viscosity index (VI) improvers with good fuel economy as well as soot-dispersant function. The polyalkyl(meth)acrylates can provide equal or even unproved deposits in lubricant compositions, especially in engine oil (EO) compositions.

Abstract: One or more embodiments presently described are directed to lubricants and methods for making such lubricants. According to one embodiment, a lubricant suitable for use in a water-based drilling fluid may comprise one or more alkyl esters and a fatty acid blend comprising at least palmitic acid and stearic acid. The sum of the weight percent of the palmitic acid and stearic acid may be at least 50 wt. % of the fatty acid blend. The weight ratio of the one or more alkyl esters to the fatty acid blend may be from 1:1 to 3:1. The molar ratio of palmitic acid to stearic acid may be from 20:80 to 40:60.

Abstract: One or more embodiments presently described are directed to lubricants and methods for making such lubricants. According to one embodiment, a lubricant suitable for use in a water-based drilling fluid may comprise one or more alkyl esters and a fatty acid blend comprising one or more medium-chain fatty acids. The one or more medium-chain fatty acids may be at least 50 weight percent (wt. %) of the fatty acid blend. The weight ratio of the one or more alkyl esters to the fatty acid blend may be from 1:1 to 3:1.

Abstract: One or more embodiments presently described are directed to drilling fluid compositions that include lubricants, methods for making drilling fluids, and methods for drilling subterranean wells utilizing the drilling fluids. According to one embodiment, a drilling fluid composition may include a base fluid including water, a weighting agent in an amount of from 0.1 weight percent (wt. %) to 75 wt. % relative to the total weight of the water-based drilling fluid, and a lubricant in an amount of from 1 wt. % to 10 wt. % relative to the total weight of the water-based drilling fluid. The lubricant may include one or more alkyl esters and a fatty acid blend including at least palmitic acid and stearic acid. The sum of the weight percent of the palmitic acid and stearic acid may be at least 50 wt. % of the fatty acid blend.

Abstract: Provided are a water-soluble metalworking oil agent (cutting oil agent or grinding oil agent) and a metalworking liquid, each of which has excellent cutting machining performance or grinding machining performance of aluminum or aluminum alloys, hardly causes rotting deterioration, and has excellent emulsion dispersion stability and stability of undiluted liquid, by containing specified components (A) to (E) as essential components without containing a machinability-improving agent with a high environmental load, such as chlorine, sulfur, and phosphorus. Provided is also a metalworking method using the same.

Abstract: A grease composition with high wear resistance, comprising a base oil, a thickener and a poly(meth)acrylate derivative.

Abstract: This invention relates to a mineral oil containing hindered phenolic antioxidants with improved color stability. More particularly, it relates to non-coloring hindered phenolic blend that contains an oxygen scavenger, i.e., dibenzylhydroxyl amine (DBHA) as well as mineral oils containing such a blend.

Abstract: Described herein are low add-on fiber lubricant compositions useful in the production of synthetic fibers. The compositions and methods described herein impart or enhance one or more properties of the fibers such as, for example, dry soil resistance, liquid repellency, or a combination thereof. Fibers produced with the lubricant compositions with the compositions described herein and articles comprising the treated fibers are also described herein. These compositions are composed of (a) a lubricant component, (b) a friction modifier, and (c) water.

Abstract: Disclosed are friction modifier compositions and a method of lubricating an internal combustion engine, comprising supplying to said engine an oil of lubricating viscosity and from 0.25 to 5 weight percent based upon the total mass of the lubricating oil composition of a friction modifier composition containing: a) an amino alcohol reaction product prepared by isomerizing a C12-C30 normal alpha olefin using at least one of a solid or liquid catalyst to form an internal olefin; epoxidizing said olefin; and reacting with a mono-hydroxyl amine; b) an ester of glycerol and a C12-C22 carboxylic acid containing 0 to 3 double bonds.

Abstract: This invention relates to a mineral oil containing hindered phenolic antioxidants with improved color stability. More particularly, it relates to non-coloring hindered phenolic blend that contains an oxygen scavenger, i.e., dibenzylhydroxyl amine (DBHA) as well as mineral oils containing such a blend.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of an ester in a reactor, wherein at least one of at least two different catalysts is an electron donor and a further catalyst is a sulphur-containing proton donor; a device, a process for the preparation of a thermoplastic composition comprising the ester prepared according to the invention, a process for the production of a shaped article comprising the ester according to the invention or the thermoplastic composition according to the invention, a process for the production of a packed product, a process for the production of an at least partly coated object, and uses of the esters according to the invention as an additive in various compositions.

Abstract: A method of operating a diesel engine comprises lubricating the diesel engine with a lubricating composition and using a biofuel as fuel, wherein the lubricating composition comprises a base oil belonging to Group III or Group II of the API base oil categories, from 0.5 to 5% by mass of a phenolic anti-oxidant, and from 0.5 to 5% by mass of an amine-based anti-oxidant, the total content of the anti-oxidants being at least 2% by mass.

Abstract: A polyol ester suitable for use as a lubricant or a lubricant base stock has a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. less than or equal to 22 cSt and a viscosity index of greater than or equal to 140. The ester comprises a reaction product of (a) at least one polyhydric alcohol having at least 2 primary hydroxyl groups, (b) at least one monocarboxylic acid having 2 to 15 carbon atoms and (c) at least one polycarboxylic acid having 2 to 15 carbon atoms, wherein the number of acid groups derived from the polycarboxylic acid(s) is at least 25% of the total number of acid groups derived from the monocarboxylic and polycarboxylic acids.

Abstract: Improved lubricant and surface conditioner forming composition containing oxa acids and their methyl esters corresponding to general formula (I): H3C—(CH2)n—CH?CH—(CH2)m—O—(CH2CH2O)x—CH2—C(?O)—OR??(I) where each of m, n and x, which may be the same or different, is a positive integer and R represents H or CH3, when dissolved and/or dispersed in water is effective in reducing COF values on substrates that have been contacted with such a lubricant and surface conditioner forming composition and subsequently dried, even when the substrates have been conversion coated and rinsed before any contact with the lubricant and surface conditioner forming composition. Materials according to general formula (I) may be used together with other surfactants, including some constituents of previously known lubricant and surface conditioner forming compositions to provide improvements in COF, waterbreak performance, water drainage and resistance to dry-off of the conditioner.

Abstract: Disclosed are friction modifier compositions and a method of lubricating an internal combustion engine, comprising supplying to said engine an oil of lubricating viscosity and from 0.25 to 5 weight percent based upon the total mass of the lubricating oil composition of a friction modifier composition containing: a) an amino alcohol reaction product prepared by isomerizing a C12-C30 normal alpha olefin using at least one of a solid or liquid catalyst to form an internal olefin; expoxidizing said olefin; and reacting with an mono- or di-hydroxyl hydrocarbyl amine; b) an ester of glycerol and a C12-C22 carboxylic acid containing 0 to 3 double bonds.

Abstract: A trunk piston marine engine lubricating oil composition for a medium-speed compression-ignited marine engine comprises, in a major amount, an oil of lubricating viscosity containing 50 mass % or more of a Group II basestock, and, in respective minor amounts, (A) an overbased metal hydrocarbyl-substituted hydroxybenzoate detergent having a basicity index of 5.5 or greater, and (B) an overbased metal hydrocarbyl-substituted hydroxybenzoate detergent having a basicity index of 2 or less. The ratio of the mass of metal in detergent (A) to the mass of metal in detergent (B) is 10 or less.

Abstract: A trunk piston marine engine lubricating oil composition for a medium-speed compression-ignited marine engine comprises, in a major amount, an oil of lubricating viscosity containing 50 mass % or more of a Group II basestock, and, in respective minor amounts, (A) an overbased metal hydrocarbyl-substituted hydroxybenzoate detergent having a basicity index of 4.5 or less, and (B) an overbased metal hydrocarbyl-substituted hydroxybenzoate detergent having a basicity index of greater than 4.5. The ratio of detergent (A) to detergent (B), both expressed as mass of active ingredient, is in the range from 0.5 to 15. The trunk piston marine engine lubricating oil composition has a TBN (using ASTM D2896) of 20 to 60.

Abstract: A trunk piston marine engine lubricating oil composition for a medium-speed compression-ignited marine engine comprises, in a major amount, an oil of lubricating viscosity containing 50 mass % or more of a Group II basestock, and, in respective minor amounts, (A) an overbased metal hydrocarbyl-substituted hydroxybenzoate detergent having a basicity index of 5.5 or greater, and (B) an overbased metal hydrocarbyl-substituted hydroxybenzoate detergent having a basicity index in the range of 2.1 to 5.4. The ratio of the mass of metal in detergent (A) to the mass of metal in detergent (B) is 1 or less. The trunk piston marine engine lubricating oil composition has a TBN (using ASTM D2896) of 20 to 60.

Abstract: An automotive lubricating oil composition containing: (A) an oil of lubricating viscosity in a major amount; and (B) as an additive component in a minor amount, an oil-soluble or oil-dispersible 4-oxobutanoic acid having the moiety —CO(CH2)COOH bonded to (i) a group OR1 where R1 is hydrocarbyl group having 10 to 30 carbon atoms; or (ii) a group X being an aromatic group substituted with at least one hydrocarbyl group having 10 to 30 carbon atoms; or (iii) a group NR2R3 where one or both of R2 and R3 is hydrocarbyl group having from 10 to 30 carbon atoms and one but not both of R2 and R3 may be a hydrogen atom, or a salt thereof.

Abstract: Antimony dithiocarbamate is known to provide extreme pressure (EP) protection in lubricating compositions, such as grease. However, there is a desire to reduce the amount of antimony used in such compositions, while still maintaining acceptable EP performance. It has now been found by using small amounts of either ammonium dithiocarbamate or zinc dithiocarbamate in combination with the antimony dithiocarbamate (SbDTC), a lower amount of SbDTC can be used in the lubricating composition while still maintaining excellent or exceptional EP protection. To counteract the corrosive effects of the SbDTC and ammonium dithiocarbamate composition, it has been found that compounds containing a carboxylic acid group are effective in avoiding copper corrosion.

Abstract: The present invention provides a lubricating composition, particularly a grease composition and a lubricating oil composition, containing an aralkylated diphenylamine and a phenol compound having a molecular weight of not less than 340 which are compounded into a base oil. The lubricating composition is hardly decomposed or volatilized even at high temperatures and has a long oxidation life so that the lubricating characteristics thereof can be maintained for a long period of time.

Abstract: An additive package comprising one or more borated dispersants, one or more EC-treated dispersants, and one or more phenolic antioxidants; a lubricating oil composition comprising said additive package; and a method of controlling bearing corrosion and valve train wear using said lubricating oil.

Abstract: This invention is directed to an antioxidant system for use in lubricating oils comprising sulfurized isobutylene and hindered phenols that provides enhanced oxidation resistance and is particularly useful in natural gas fueled engines, the method for making this antioxidant system, lubricating oils comprising the antioxidant system and methods for lubricating engines using lubricating oil comprising this antioxidant system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to improved lubricant compositions highly resistant to oxidative degradation comprising selected 5-tert.-butyl-4hydroxy-3-methylphenyl substituted fatty acid esters, diphenylamines and zinc dithiophosphates. The compositions as defined above are characterized by superior antioxidative properties. This can be demonstrated in various standard tests such as Deposit and Oxidation Panel Test (DOPT) and Pressurized Differential Scanning Calorimetry (PDSC).

Abstract: This invention relates to a lubricating oil composition comprising a base stock and an antioxidant comprising an oil soluble trinuclear organomolybdenum compound of the generic formula: Mo3Sx—(Q) (1) wherein x is from 4 to 10 and Q is a core group, which may be a ligand, and at least one other compound selected from a phenolic and an aminic compound wherein the basestock has a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. (KV100) from about 2 cSt to 20 cSt (2×10−6 to 20×10−6 m2/sec) and a saturates content of at least 85%. The composition has a high oxidation stability, reduced deposit formation and is capable of giving rise to good fuel economy improvement.

Abstract: This invention relates to a lubricating oil composition comprising a base stock and an antioxidant comprising an oil soluble trinuclear organomolybdenum compound of the generic formula: Mo3Sx-(Q) (I) wherein x is from 4 to 10 and Q is a core group, which may be a ligand, and at least one other compound selected from a phenolic and an aminic compound wherein the basestock has a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. (KV100) from about 2 cSt to 20 cSt (2×10−6 to 20×10−6 m2/sec) and a saturates content of at least 85%. The composition has a high oxidation stability, reduced deposit formation and is capable of giving rise to good fuel economy improvement.

Abstract: A two-cycle engine lubricant comprising from about 10% to about 30% low ash detergent inhibitor; from about 10% to about 45% bio-based ester selected from the group consisting of castor oil, a synthetic polyol-based ester and mixtures thereof; from about 14% to about 37% polyalphaolefin; from about 7% to about 18% synthetic ester; from 2% to about 10% surfactant; and from about 2% to about 5% pour point depressant; by weight of the lubricant. Optionally, the subject two-cycle lubricant can also comprise up to about 20 weight percent solvent, such as Stoddard solvent, to improve miscibility of the lubricant with gasoline fuel. The subject lubricant can be pre-packaged with gasoline for use with small engines not equipped for direct lubricant injection. A method for making the subject lubricant composition so as to resist subsequent separation of the components into layers is also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention is directed to an antioxidant system for use in lubricating oils comprising sulfurized isobutylene and hindered phenols that provides enhanced oxidation resistance and is particularly useful in natural gas fueled engines, the method for making this antioxidant system, lubricating oils comprising the antioxidant system and methods for lubricating engines using lubricating oil comprising this antioxidant system.

Abstract: The invention relates to engine oil compositions with reduced deposit-formation tendency which contain between 0.05 and 10% by weight, in relation to the total weight of the engine oil composition, of an alkyl alkoxylate of formula (I), in which R 1 , R 2 and R 3 independently are hydrogen or a hydrocarbon rest with up to 40 carbon atoms; R 4 is hydrogen, a methyl or ethyl rest; L is a linking group; n is a whole number between 4 and 40; A is an alkoxy group with between 2 and 25 recurring units derived from ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and/or butylene oxide and comprises homopolymers and statistical copolymers of at least two of the above compounds; and z is 1 or 2. The nonpolar part of compound (I) of the formula (II) contains at least 9 carbon atoms. The invention also relates to the preparation of such engine oils and to the use of alkyl alkoxylates of formula (I) for the reduction of deposit formation.

Abstract: Chain conveyor lubricants, especially for the food industry, which form clear solutions in water and which contain in combination a) at least one compound corresponding to formula (I):  in which R1 is a saturated or mono- or polyunsaturated, linear or branched alkyl group containing 6 to 22 carbon atoms, which may optionally be substituted by an —OH, —NH2, —NH—, —CO—, halogen or a carboxyl group, R2 is a carboxyl group containing 2 to 7 carbon atoms, M is hydrogen, alkali metal, ammonium, an alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a benzyl group, and n is an integer of 1 to 6; b) at least one organic carboxylic acid selected from monobasic or polybasic, saturated or mono- or polyunsaturated carboxylic acids containing 2 to 22 carbon atoms; and, optionally, c) at least one of water, additives, and auxiliaries.

Abstract: A lubricant is provided which has a hardness in the range 0.1-10 N/mm at all temperatures in the range 15-40° C. The lubricant consists of at least one full ester of a glycol with a fatty acid, e.g. ethylene glycol dilaurate, optionally mixed with a minor amount of a fatty acid such as stearic acid, and/or a minor amount of a partial ester of a glycol with a fatty acid. The lubricant is useful in the production of press-formed components, and particularly in techniques for converting aluminium sheet to adhesively bonded aluminium structures.

Abstract: The invention provides dispersants and dispersant viscosity index improvers which include polymers of conjugated dienes which have been hydrogenated, functionalized, optionally modified, and post treated. The dispersant substances include a copolymer of two different conjugated dienes. The polymers are selectively hydrogenated to produce polymers which have highly controlled amounts of unsaturation, permitting highly selective functionalization. The polymers may be blended with lower molecular weight components. Also provided are lubricant fluids, such as mineral and synthetic oils, which have been modified in their dispersancy and/or viscometric properties by means of the dispersant substances of the invention. The addition of minor amounts of lower molecular weight components improves compatibility and reduces haze. Also provided are methods of modifying the dispersancy and/or viscometric properties of lubricating fluids such as mineral and synthetic lubricating oils.

Abstract: An excellent lubricant and surface conditioner layer on formed metal surfaces, particularly aluminum cans that have been previously provided with a chromium oxide conversion coating, can be formed by contacting the cans with an aqueous lubricant and surface conditioner forming composition that contains at least one oxa acid or methyl ester thereof corresponding to general formula (I):CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.a O(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.x CH.sub.2 C(O)OR(I),where each of n and x, which may be the same or different, is a positive integer and R represents H or CH.sub.3 and at least 20 weight % of the total content corresponding to general formula (I) does so when x is at least 8, and then drying the thus-treated cans.

Abstract: This invention discloses a process for making polymerizable and/or reactable vinyl monomer oligomers with narrow molecular weight distributions using catalytic distillation and a catalyst situated in an immobile catalyst bed in a reaction zone of the distillation column reactor. The polymerizable oligomer products comprise at least 50% by weight of a single molecular weight oligomer fraction.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition for internal combustion engines which comprises a base oil, (a) an ashless dispersant containing boron, (b) a metallic detergent, and optionally (c) at least one selected from a group consisting of esters of aromatic carboxylic acids having hydroxyl group and hydroxy compounds and compounds containing boron which are derived from the esters, wherein a ratio [B]/[M] of a content of boron [B] in the composition in % by weight to a total content of metals [M] derived from the detergent in the composition in % by weight is not less than 0.15, and a sulfated ash content in the composition is not more than 1.5% by weight. The lubricating oil composition has a low ash content, does not show adverse effects on the performance of apparatuses for exhaust gas treatment, and exhibits excellent resistance to coking and oxidation stability.

Abstract: The use of a mixture of at least one alkanolamide of general formula (I), RC(O)NH(A).sub.n H, wherein R is a hydrocarbon group having 7-23 carbon atoms, preferably 11-23 carbon atoms, A is an alkyleneoxy group having 2-4 carbon atoms and n is 2-12, preferably 2-8, and at least one ionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of anionic, cationic, amphoteric and zwitterionic, in a proportion between the alkoxylated alkanolamide and the ionic surfactant from 100:1 to 1:2, preferably in the range from 50:1 to 1:1 for producing a water-base liquid system with reduced flow resistance between the flowing, water-base liquid system and a solid surface.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition comprises (A) a base oil, (B) a 3-methyl-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl substituted fatty acid ester in an amount of 0.1-5 percent by mass and (C) an auxiliary component, said auxiliary component being one member of the group of (a) a nitrogen-containing compound in an amount of 0.001-1 percent by mass, (b) a sulfur and/or phosphorus-containing compound in an amount of 0.1-5.0 percent by mass or (c) a phenolic compound in an amount of 0.1-5.0 percent by mass. This composition features the combination with a base oil of these specified components whereby there is provided synergistic effect conducive to inhibition or prevention of both oxidation and sludge formation while in use under elevated temperature conditions over extended periods of time.

Abstract: A method of maintaining and servicing air conditioning systems and compositions therefor are provided whereby newer, more environmentally friendly R-134a refrigerant gas is substituted for the older R-12 and R-22 types. In addition, a method of flushing and internal lubrication of the system is presented, along with a new flush solvent and a new lubricant composition for use with an R-134a refrigerant gas.

Abstract: Multigrade lubricating oils which have acceptable performance in the VWInTD and Sequence VE engine tests and which are based on an ashless dispersant comprising an oil-soluble polymeric backbone having functional groups in which the hydrocarbon backbone is derived from an ethylene alpha-olefin (EAO) copolymers or alpha-olefin homo- or copolymer having greater than 30% of terminal vinylidene unsaturation achieve this performance by use of a detergent combination which includes a phenate in the formulation of the oils.

Abstract: The present invention provides a lubricating oil composition which comprises in combination with a base oil:(A) a 3-methyl-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl substituted fatty ester of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkylene group, and R.sup.2 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.24 alkyl or alkenyl group;(B) a N-p-alkylphenyl-.alpha.-naphthyl amine of the formula ##STR2## where R.sup.3 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group; and (C) a p,p'-dialkyldiphenyl amine of the formula ##STR3## where R.sup.4 and R.sub.5 each are a C.sub.1 -C.sub.16 alkyl group. The various components (A)-(C) as combined with a mineral or synthetic base oil are surprisingly conducive to both oxidation stability and sludge inhibiting performance under elevated temperature conditions over extended periods of service life.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optimized lubricating composition including, in useful amount, an ester and a fatty acid, and optionally, the invention also relates to a well fluid including the lubricating composition according to the invention and the use of the composition for controlling the lubricity of a water-base fluid.

Abstract: A synthetic lubricating oil comprises an ester derived from (a) a monohydric alcohol having 4 to 18 carbon atoms which has a branched alcohol content of not less than 50 mol % and/or a neopentylpolyol having not more than 30 carbon atoms, (b) a hydroxycarboxylic acid condensate having an average degree of polymerization of not less than 1.2, and (c) a monocarboxylic acid having 4 to 18 carbon atoms which has a branched carboxylic acid content of not less than 50 mol %.