Abstract: A water-soluble cutting fluid for slicing silicon ingots is characterized in that it includes a monoprotic or diprotic aliphatic carboxylic acid (A) having a carbon number (including the carbon in the carbonyl group) of 4˜10, and either a polyprotic organic acid (B) with ?pKa of 0.9˜2.3 as defined by the following formula (1) or a salt (BA) of said organic acid (B) as essential components: ?pKa=(pKa2)?(pKa1)??(1) wherein the dissociation stage, at which the organic acid (B) denoted as n-protic acid HnA, becomes Hn-1A+H+ is numbered 1 with an acid dissociation constant expressed as pKa1, and the dissociation stage at which the organic acid (B) becomes Hn-2A+H+ is numbered as 2 with an acid dissociation constant expressed as pKa2.

Abstract: The present invention relates (per)fluoropolyether compounds comprising a (per)fluoropolyether chain (Rf) having at least two chain ends, wherein at least one of said chain ends have a bi- or ter-phenyl group bearing at least one nitro group and, optionally one or more further substituents. The invention also relates to processes for the preparation of such compounds and to their use for the preparation of lubricant compositions in the form of oils or greases.

Abstract: This invention relates to products useful in friction-reducing extreme-pressure lubricating applications such as internal combustion engines, gear oils and applications which involve rubbing metallic moving parts. The invention includes additive blends and a process of using synergistic combinations of nitro compounds with non-chlorine containing additives such as sulfur-containing moieties and phosphorus-containing moieties.

Abstract: A method for producing a nitrone of formula (I) wherein R is a branched alkyl group having from four to thirty carbon atoms; R1, R2, R3 and R4 independently are hydrogen or alkyl groups having from one to six carbon atoms from an imine having formula (II)

Abstract: The invention provides a lubricating composition containing a compound comprising the reaction product of a polyolefin, an ethylenically unsaturated aromatic acylating agent (or carboxylic reactant), and an amine, and an oil of lubricating viscosity. The invention further relates to the use of the lubricating composition in an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: This Invention relates to products and processes for making extreme-pressure additives (water-dispersible and oil-based). The process includes nitrating fatty raw material sources such as animal fats, vegetable oils, the fatty acids and synthetic esters derived therefrom, terminal or internal olefins, polyalkenes or their linear copolymers, and alkylated phenols, using 70% nitric acid or nitrogen dioxide gas. The additives are used as soluble oils or as lubricating blends by the inclusion of emulsifiers. The nitrated unsaturated fatty acids such as tallow fatty acid, oleic acid, tall oil fatty acid, tall-oil derived dimer acids, castor oil fatty acid, alkyl succinic acids, are modified by post-reaction to form alkanolamine (monoethanolamine, triethanolamine) salts or alkanolamides in order to obtain the derived water-dispersible nitro-EP additives.

Abstract: A composition is disclosed which comprises an aryl perfluoropolyether, optionally a halogenated oil, and further optionally a thickening agent. The composition can be used as a lubricant itself or as an additive to an oil or grease lubricant and can withstand temperatures higher than 300° C. without decomposition. The halogenated oil can be a perfluoropolyether, a fluorosilicone, a polytrifluorochloroethylene, or combinations of two or more thereof. The thickening agent can be finely divided silica, boron nitride, clay, soap, poly(tetrafluoroethylene), clay, talc, silica, titanium dioxide, polydimethylsiloxane, polyurea, polyurethane, or combinations of two or more thereof.

Abstract: This invention relates to processes for making nitro compounds derived from C2-C30 unsaturated fatty acids; C2-C30 unsaturated fatty oils; esters derived from the reaction of C1-C20 alcohols with unsaturated C2-C30 fatty acids; C2-C20 polyolefins; C4-C20 polydiolefins; C8-C20 copolymers derived from polyolefins and vinyl aromatics; and C4-C30 alkylated phenols using nitric acid or gaseous nitrogen dioxide. This class of extreme-pressure additives was found extremely effective in processing steel, stainless steel and special titanium and nickel or low-iron alloys.

Abstract: A composition is disclosed which comprises an aryl perfluoropolyether, optionally a halogenated oil, and further optionally a thickening agent. The composition can be used as a lubricant itself or as an additive to an oil or grease lubricant and can withstand temperatures higher than 300° C. without decomposition. The halogenated oil can be a perfluoropolyether, a fluorosilicone, a polytrifluorochloroethylene, or combinations of two or more thereof. The thickening agent can be finely divided silica, boron nitride, clay, soap, poly(tetrafluoroethylene), clay, talc, silica, titanium dioxide, polydimethylsiloxane, polyurea, polyurethane, or combinations of two or more thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lubricating oil composition containing an oil of lubricating viscosity and a particularly effective mixture of a nitro-substituted diphenylamine and a diarylamine which together provide superior oxidation inhibition.

Abstract: Tetraaromatic diamine compounds having the general formula: are provided wherein a is 0-3; b, c and d independently are integers from 0-5, R1 and R2 together with the carbon atoms to which they are bonded are joined together to form a substituted or unsubstituted C3 to about C30 ring, saturated, partially unsaturated or fully unsaturated, optionally substituted with one or more heteroatoms, a is 0-3; b, c and d independently are integers from 0-5, R3, R4, R5 and R6 are independently hydrogen, a straight or branched C1-C30 alkyl or alkylene group optionally substituted with one or more substituents, a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C12 cycloalkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted C5-C25 aryl, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C25 arylalkyl, a straight or branched C1-C30 alkoxy group optionally substituted with one or more substituents or two R4 substituents and/or two R5 substituents and/or two R6 substituents on adjacent carbon atoms of the aromatic ring associated therewith can be joined together to form

Abstract: This invention relates to products useful in friction-reducing extreme-pressure lubricating applications such as internal combustion engines, gear oils and applications which involve rubbing metallic moving parts. The invention includes additive blends and a process of using synergistic combinations of nitro compounds with non-chlorine containing additives such as sulfur-containing moieties and phosphorus-containing moieties.

Abstract: Use as stabilizers of perfluoropolyether oils at high temperatures, higher than 200° C.

Abstract: Use as stabilizers of perfluoropolyether oils at high temperatures, higher than 200° C.

Abstract: A lubricant composition suitable for fuel injected two-stroke cycle engines includes an oil of lubricating viscosity, an amount, sufficient to reduce or prevent piston scuffing, of a mixture of (A) at least one phenol selected from (A-1) an aminophenol and (A-2) a reaction product of a nitrophenol and an amino compound, and (B) at least one Mannich dispersant, amine dispersant, nitrogen-containing carboxylic dispersant, or ester dispersant. The composition further includes an amount, sufficient to reduce degradation of the lubricant composition upon exposure to oxygen or oxides of nitrogen, of a nitrogen-containing inhibitor, a hindered phenol inhibitor, or a sulfur-containing organic inhibitor.

Abstract: The invention relates to the preparation of organic nitrogen compounds, in particular of aminoalkanes, alkyloximes, alkylnitrones or mixtures thereof, which have only one nitrogen-functional group and no alcoholic hydroxyl groups in the molecule, from nitro-containing reaction products of polymers of C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 -olefins with an average degree of polymerization P=5-100 with nitrogen oxides or mixtures of nitrogen oxides and oxygen by hydrogenation of these reaction products. The invention also relates to particular mixtures of such aminoalkanes, alkyloximes and/or alkylnitrones and to individual compounds of these types themselves. The designated products are suitable as additives to fuels and lubricants.

Abstract: Reaction products of polyisobutenes having an average degree of polymerization P of from 10 to 100 and a content E of from 60 to 90% of double bonds which can react with maleic anhydride, E=100% corresponding to the theoretical value for the case where each molecule of the polyisobutene has such a reactive double bond, with oxides of nitrogen or mixtures of oxides of nitrogen and oxygen, are suitable as additives for fuels, in particular for gasoline engines, and for lubricants.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing polyether compound, a lubricant, and a magnetic recording medium comprising the lubricant.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lubricant oil composition comprising: (A) a fluorine-containing aromatic compound, and(B) an alkyl- or alkyl derivative-substituted aromatic compound having a kinetic viscosity of from 0.1 to 500 cSt as measured at 40 .degree. C., wherein:the compound (A) is represented by the formula:R(XR.sub.f).sub.n (A)wherein X represents an oxygen or a sulfur atom; n is an integer of from 1 to 4; R represents an n-valent, unsubstituted or substituted aromatic group having from 6 to 60 carbon atoms; and R.sub.f represents an unsubstituted or partially substituted fluorocarbon group having from 1 to 25 carbon atoms; andthe compound (B) comprises at least one substituted aromatic nucleus, wherein a substituent is an unsubstituted or substituted alkyl group having from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, or a derivative thereof. The lubricant oil composition having a kinetic viscosity of from 2 to 500 cSt as measured at 40.degree. C.