Abstract: An environmental safety paint stripping composition comprising dichloroethylene, aromatic alcohols and ethers, surfactants, corrosion inhibitors, thickeners, wax solvents and water. This paint stripping composition is particularly useful in stripping paint and other polymeric coatings from metal substrates such as aluminum and it alloys.

Abstract: An alkali-type nonionic surfactant composition contains a nonionic surfactant (component A), water (component B), at least one compound (component C) selected from the group consisting of benzenesulfonic acid, toluenesulfonic acid, dimethylbenzenesulfonic acid, hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid and salts thereof, and at least one alkaline chemical (component D) selected from the group consisting of potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide. The alkali-type nonionic surfactant composition contains the nonionic surfactant (component A) in an amount of 0.5 to 20 wt % and has a pH at 25° C. of 12 or greater.

Abstract: A method for cleaning process apparatus used for production of liquids, especially for cleaning filters, for example membrane filters. The apparatus is contacted with a solution of peroxydisulphate. It is especially preferred that the cleaning process is carried out at a temperature between 15 and 95° C.

Abstract: A remover contains an alkaline component, a bivalent zinc ion, a ferric ion, a chelating agent, and a nitrate ion. By using this remover, an anodized film can be selectively removed from an aluminum or aluminum-alloy member.

Abstract: Prepackaged cleaning compositions are described which are suitable for on-site dilution, and for cleaning substrates such as air conditioner coils.

Abstract: Floor finishes are stripped or deep scrubbed using a floor stripper/cleaner composition containing a phenyl-substituted alkyl alcohol, an oxygenated swelling solvent other than the phenyl-substituted alkyl alcohol, water, sufficient coupler so that the composition has a single phase, and sufficient saponification agent comprising the reaction product of a fatty acid or fatty ester with a stoichiometric excess of an alkali metal hydroxide or ammonium hydroxide so that the composition has an alkaline pH and has a reduced oily residue after stripping when compared to an otherwise similar composition that does not contain the saponification agent. The composition is useful for removing ultradurable (e.g., crosslinked) floor finishes, especially on flooring substrates that are susceptible to chemical attack.

Abstract: Processes for effecting biocidal activity in subterranean oil and gas wells being drilled, completed, worked over or produced are described. In general the process comprises blending with aqueous well fluid a biocidally-effective amount of a sulfamate stabilized, bromine-based biocide. Compositions comprised of aqueous well fluid blended with such aqueous biocides are also described.

Abstract: Floor finishes are stripped or deep scrubbed using a floor stripper/cleaner composition containing a phenyl-substituted alkyl alcohol, an oxygenated swelling solvent other than the phenyl-substituted alkyl alcohol, water, sufficient coupler so that the composition has a single phase, and sufficient saponification agent comprising the reaction product of a fatty acid or fatty ester with a stoichiometric excess of an alkali metal hydroxide or ammonium hydroxide so that the composition has an alkaline pH and has a reduced oily residue after stripping when compared to an otherwise similar composition that does not contain the saponification agent. The composition is useful for removing ultradurable (e.g., crosslinked) floor finishes, especially on flooring substrates that are susceptible to chemical attack.

Abstract: An oil-in-water emulsion composition remover is disclosed. The compositions comprise a solvent, water and a surfactant. The removers are useful in removing non-aqueous and aqueous coatings, waxes, greases, and the like, from substrates to which the coatings, waxes, greases, and the like, have been applied.

Abstract: An improved paint stripper is provided and comprises at least one paint-stripping agent modified with at least one heavy metal remediation agent. Optionally, one or more viscosity-modification agents, dispersants, or other additive is also included. The invention also provides a kit for making a heavy metal-remediating paint stripper, comprising a vessel containing a paint-stripping agent and a dissolvable packet containing a remediation agent. To use the kit, a painter or other laborer opens the vessel containing the paint-stripping agent and deposits therein the packet containing the remediation agent. The packet dissolves, thereby releasing the remediation agent into the stripping agent.

Abstract: An aqueous coating removal composition containing: a) an alkoxylated aromatic alcohol, b) an amine; and c) an inorganic base is provided. The coating removal compositions are useful in cleaning coatings such as paint from substrate surfaces and may be formulated to be essentially free (or, preferably, entirely free) of organic solvents classified as volatile organic compounds or HAPS.

Abstract: A composition for stripping and cleaning organic coatings from substrates, comprising a solution of high-boiling alcohols, preferably polyglycols, a surfactant, preferably a nonylphenol ethoxylate, and an alkali metal hydroxide, said composition being essentially free of any amines. The composition aggressively and effectively strips paints and other organic coatings without harming underlying substrates damaged by prior art strippers, over conventional or lower time periods, and at conventional or lower temperatures. One embodiment of the invention comprises from about 40% to about 98.9% by weight of a high-boiling alcohol; from about 1% to about 60% of a non-ionic surfactant; and from about 0.1% to about 10% of an alkali hydroxide or mixture of alkali hydroxide.

Abstract: In a reaction system having at least two liquid-liquid interfaces between an organic phase of raw material containing a compound(s) to be separated and an aqueous phase of an aqueous solution of inclusion-complexing agent and between that aqueous phase and an organic phase(s) of extraction solvent(s), the compound(s) to be separated is entrapped into the aqueous phase through formation of an inclusion complex(es) of the inclusion-complexing agent with the compound(s), while the compound(s) is entrapped into the organic phase(s) of extraction solvent(s) through dissociation of said inclusion complex(es). The foregoing operation is performed using, for example, a squarish U-shaped tube or an H-shaped tube with bottom plates. Preferred examples of inclusion-complexing agent include highly water-soluble branched cyclodextrins.

Abstract: An aqueous non-toxic biorational or environmentally safe composition to reduce or inhibit corrosion, rust and scale on metal surfaces comprising effective amounts of sorbic acid, salts of sorbic acid and/or derivatives thereof and a variety of hydrocarbons, esters, acids, alcohols and/or saponified fatty acids or combinations thereof derived from beeswax, vegetable waxes and/or derivatives thereof.

Abstract: A composition for removing paraffin, wax, or asphaltine deposits from the surface of a crude oil transmission system, such as a downhole tubular, a pipeline, or a surface tank, includes an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution containing from 18% to 25% by weight sodium hydroxide. The composition further includes an acetic acid solution containing from 30% to 55% by weight acetic acid compared to the sodium hydroxide, and a liquid aromatic hydrocarbon having from 6 to 10 carbon atoms and from 15% to 40% by weight compared to the sodium hydroxide. According to the method of the invention, the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution may be metered in a downhole tubular or a pipeline separate from the acetic acid solution, such that heat generated by the mixed composition is generated within the downhole tubular or the pipeline.

Abstract: The decontamination gel consists of one solution including: a) a thickening agent; b) an active agent of decontamination; in which the thickening agent (a), is an agent exclusively organic, chosen among water-soluble organic polymers. This gel is usable for radioactive decontamination of surfaces, especially metallic surfaces.

Abstract: A water-based protective composition for automotive surfaces and the like is disclosed, comprising UV absorbers and light stabilizers. A method of using a water-based protective composition as well as methods of applying said compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid composition comprising dispersed herein solid particles comprising a solid wax matrix, wherein an active is distributed. The invention also relates to particles in the liquid composition and the processes and uses of the composition and the particles.

Abstract: A composition for application to a surface and a method of making the same, said composition comprising at least one wax; at least one reaction product derived from a first surfactant and a second surfactant; and between 40% and 99.8% water by weight. The composition is made by: a) forming an emulsion by combining the water and the wax after heating both the water and the wax to a temperature greater than the melting point of the wax, where at least one of said water and said wax contains said first surfactant, said first surfactant being selected from the group consisting of a cationic surfactant and an anionic surfactant; and b) adding said second surfactant to the emulsion, said second surfactant having a charge which is opposite to that of said first surfactant.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a wallpaper stripping composition and a concentrate therefor.

Abstract: Methods for controlling wax and other contaminants by improving the dispersion of these materials through the addition of contaminant dispersants to the process of recycling paper and paperboard are disclosed. A preferred contaminant dispersant comprises: a) water; b) a plasticizer; c) an anionic dispersant; d) a surfactant wetting agent; and e) either 1) an acid or lecithin and optionally, a base, or 2) a preneutralized component.

Abstract: A composition for cleaning and enhancing the gloss of floors wherein a plasticizer can both clean and enhance gloss of a floor coating. In a preferred embodiment the plasticizer is tributoxyethyl phosphate.

Abstract: An aqueous composition comprising ammonium hydroxide in an amount of about 1 to about 30% by weight calculated as NH3 and a surface active agent represented by the formula XF2C(CFY)nSO3A wherein X=F, OH or SO3A; Y=F, H, OH or may be omitted thereby creating a double bond; n=1-12; A=NH4+, H+, Na+, K+, Li+, R+ or organic amine cation and R is 1-4 straight chain alkyl group; and wherein the fluoroalkyl group is a linear group; and wherein the surface active agent is present in an amount of about 5 ppm to about 2000 ppm is useful for cleaning photomasks and especially chromium photomasks.

Abstract: A paint stripper for use by immersion of a painted substrate in a bath of the composition or application in place has two phases, one aqueous and the other of partially water soluble organic solvent. The aqueous phase is saturated with organic solvent. The organic solvent is preferably benzyl alcohol, dibasic ester or ethyl-e-ethoxypropionate, The total amount of organic solvent in the bath is suitably in the range 2 to 20%. The stripper may be acid or alkali activated. The application stripper is thickened to avoid separation during storage.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an aerosol composition comprising (A) a paint stripper composition comprising (i) from about 20 to about 50% by weight of an aromatic alcohol, such as benzyl alcohol, (ii) from about 5 to about 50% by weight of an accelerator, (iii) from about 0.5 to about 5.0% by weight of water, based upon 100% weight of total paint stripper composition; and (B) a propellant. A method of preparing the aerosol composition is also provided.

Abstract: A cleaning medium for use in cleaning printing forms includes either an acid solution having a pH of from 1 to 4 or a basic solution having a pH of from 10 to 14. A dispersible abrasive agent in a concentration of from 1 to 15 grams per 100 grams of the cleaning composition, a surfactant in a concentration of from 1 to 50 grams per 100 grams of the cleaning composition, an organic solvent in a concentration of from 10 to 50 grams per 100 grams of the cleaning composition, and additional water if needed are added to the acid or basic solution to form the cleaning medium. A cleaning medium in concentrate form is also provided.

Abstract: Methods for controlling wax and other contaminants by improving the dispersion of these materials through the addition of contaminant dispersants to the process of recycling paper and paperboard are disclosed. A preferred contaminant dispersant comprises: a) water; b) a plasticizer; c) an anionic dispersant; d) a surfactant wetting agent; and e) either 1) an acid or lecithin and optionally, a base, or 2) a preneutralized component.

Abstract: This composition for stripping paints, lacquers or primers is characterized in that it consists of or comprises: (A) 5 to 90 parts by weight of water; (B) 2 to 47.5 parts by weight of benzyl alcohol; (C) 2 to 47.5 parts by weight of dimethyl sulphoxide or N-methylpyrrolidone, (A)+(B)+(C) representing 100 parts by weight.

Abstract: A method of preparing an environmentally safe composition free of chlorinated solvents which is non-flammable, fully biodegradable, and low odor and the use of such composition for the removal of various coatings from metal substrates. The composition comprises a water-based mixture of one or more high boiling, high flash aromatic solvents (benzyl alcohol, benzyl ether, 1-phenoxy-2-propanol), a peroxide generating agent (hydrogen peroxide), and a hydroxycarboxylic acid (glycolic acid). It can be prepared as a liquid and used as such for immersion/dipping operations or as a thick paste "cling-type" material when optimal application requires a thin film. These can be applied by spraying or brushing.

Abstract: A method is provided to render non-hazardous surface soil which is contaminated with lead compounds. The soil is treated by applying an aqueous composition comprising hydrogen peroxide, ammonium hydroxide, nitric acid and acetic acid and allowing said composition to migrate through the soil.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a composition for stripping coatings from a surface, the composition including:a. A solvent mixture composed of a phenyl substituted alkyl alcohol and an alkyl or aryl glycol ether or an alkyl or aromatic alcohol;b. A coupler composed of a salt formed from a water soluble organic amine and an acid comprising at least one C7-C18 ethoxylated anionic surfactant;c. Optionally water.The use of the C7-C18 ethoxylated anionic surfactant provides a stripper which can be diluted in water of various compositions yet provide an effective stripping/cleaning agent.

Abstract: Oil-based paint containing lead compounds, acrylic-based or other latex paint or a combination of paints in which acrylic-based or other latex paint covers an oil-based paint is removed from a substrate on which the paint is deposited by application of an aqueous solution thereto. The solution comprises a solvent that does not dissolve the oil-based paint and is compatible with water; a film former for retarding evaporation; a viscosity builder to fortify the solution and prevent slumping thereof during application to vertical and overhead horizontal surfaces; an alkaline compound for reacting with the pigment portion of the paint. Advantageously, the solution penetrates the deposited paint, which coagulates and separates from the substrate. Stripping procedures are facilitated, and neutralization of the substrate prior to repainting is avoided. A safe and effective treatment of materials covered with lead-containing paint is carried out in an economical, cost efficient manner.

Abstract: Improvements in the rate of stripping of alkaline water-in-oil emulsions by incorporating in the organic phase thereof an effective amount of pyrrole.

Abstract: Improvements in the rate of stripping of benzyl alcohol containing water-in-oil emulsions by incorporating in the organic phase thereof an effective amount of anisole.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for removal of polymeric coatings from nonporous surfaces are provided. The method comprises the mixing of two stock solutions, a peroxide/acid solution and an alkaline solution, and immediate application to the surface to be stripped of coating. The applied mixture produces a controlled peroxide oxidation reaction causing the coating to become softened-to-release. A further step of washing or blowing with water, air, cornstarch, or plastic media will remove the softened-to-release coating. The two stock solutions are stable to storage and, when in use, are continuously mixed in a volume so as to control reaction rate, pH, corrosivity of the coating remover, and reaction rate with the coating.

Abstract: Improvements in the retardation of water evaporation from benzyl alcohol containing water-in-oil emulsions by incorporating in the organic phase thereof an effective amount of a terpene.

Abstract: Natural or synthetic wax dissolved in the continuous organic phase of an water-in-oil emulsion retards evaporation of water from a dispersed aqueous phase. An in situ prepared equilibrium mixture of benzyl alcohol, formic acid and benzyl formate emulsified with oleic hydroxyethyl imidazoline or similar oil soluble emulsifying agent is thickened with hydroxypropyl cellulose or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and contains 0.1 to 1.0% by weight paraffin wax with a melting point of 47.degree. to 65.degree. C. Wax dissolved in the organic phase retards evaporation of water, and formic acid or ammonia which are very volatile in comparison with benzyl alcohol forming the major component of the organic phase. A petroleum distillate is used to pre-wet a hydroxypropyl cellulose thickener and dissolve the wax.

Abstract: Stripping action of an alkaline paint stripper is improved when ammonia is partially or completely replaced with ammonium bicarbonate or chemical equivalent thereof which decomposes into ammonia and carbon dioxide. A benzyl alcohol solvent system containing at least ammonium bicarbonate is preferably a water-in-oil emulsion emulsified with oleic hydroxyethyl imidazoline and thickened with hydroxypropyl cellulose or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. A mixture of ammonium carbamate and ammonium bicarbonate identified as ammonium carbonate is the preferred activator for this alkaline paint stripper. Improved stripping can also be provided by reacting ammonium bicarbonate and ammonia in situ within the water-in-oil emulsion.

Abstract: A method for preparing an environmentally safe composition free of chlorinated solvents which is non-flammable, fully biodegradable, and low odor and the use of such composition for the removal of various coatings from metal substrates. The composition comprises a water-based mixture of one or more high boiling, high flash aromatic solvent(s), a peroxide generating agent, and a hydroxycarboxylic acid. It can be prepared as a liquid and used as such for immersion/dipping operations or as a thick paste "cling type" material when optimal application requires a thin film. These can be applied by spraying or brushing.

Abstract: Natural or synthetic wax dissolved in the continuous organic phase of an water-in-oil emulsion retards evaporation of water from a dispersed aqueous phase. An in situ prepared equilibrium mixture of benzyl alcohol, formic acid and benzyl formate emulsified with oleic hydroxyethyl imidazoline or similar oil soluble emulsifying agent is thickened with hydroxypropyl cellulose or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and contains 0.1 to 1.0% by weight paraffin wax with a melting point of 47.degree. to 65.degree. C. Wax dissolved in the organic phase retards evaporation of water, and formic acid or ammonia which are very volatile in comparison with benzyl alcohol forming the major component of the organic phase. A petroleum distillate is used to pre-wet a hydroxypropyl cellulose thickener and dissolve the wax.

Abstract: A paint-stripper composition is described which comprises a mixture of(A) from about 5% to about 90% by weight of at least one organic solvent selected from the group consisting of benzyl alcohol, alkyl-substituted benzyl alcohols, furfuryl alcohol, alkyl-substituted furfuryl alcohol and acetylenic alcohols containing from 3 to about 5 carbon atoms;(B) from about 0.05% to about 5% by weight of at least one inorganic clay thickener;(C) from about 0.05% to about 5% by weight of at least one organic thickener; and(D) up to about 94.9% by weight of water.A method of stripping paint from a surface also is described, and the method comprises(A) contacting the paint with a paint stripper composition as described above; for a period of time sufficient to reduce the adhesion of the paint to the surface; and(B) removing said paint and paint-stripper composition from said surface.

Abstract: Oil based paint containing lead compounds is removed from a substrate on which it is deposited by application of an aqueous solution thereto. The solution comprises a solvent that does not dissolve the paint and is compatible with water; a film former for retarding evaporation; a viscosity builder to fortify the solution and prevent slumping thereof during application to vertical and overhead horizontal surfaces; an alkaline compound for reacting with the pigment portion of the paint. Advantageously, the solution penetrates the deposited paint, which coagulates and separates from the substrate. Stripping procedures are facilitated, and neutralization of the substrate prior to repainting is avoided. A safe and effective treatment of materials covered with lead-containing paint is carried out in an economical, cost efficient manner.

Abstract: Solvent assisted alkaline paint stripping can be speeded by using mixtures of (i) glycol and/or oligoglycol monoethers with (ii) unetherified glycols and oligoglycols and/or alkanolamines.