Abstract: A cold water saponification method is disclosed. The method is for preferred use in industrial applications such as mining operations wherein saponification of fatty acids is required. Broadly, the method comprises the steps of filling a tank with a solution comprising water, a base and fatty acids, installing a mixer capable of creating a vortex in order to effectively saponify fatty acid particles. The use of a high-shear mixer installed vertically has been proven successful in saponifying fatty acids in cold water.

Abstract: A series of natural soaps, both liquid and solid, and methods of making thereof, which have a synergistic effect when formulated with anti-redeposition ingredients in laundry applications both in synthetic and natural textiles and fabrics. The fatty acids and/or natural oils based series of natural soaps include both sodium and potassium soap products that interact synergistically with, preferably, known, natural anti-redeposition agents and alkaline builders creating highly effective, natural solid (bar or powdered) and liquid laundry cleaning products. Solid forms soaps are dried to an acceptable amount of moisture content for milling. Further blending is then performed with various natural anti-redeposition agents or natural products which exhibit said characteristics and/or alkaline builders. The solid forms may be formed into single dose tablets. Effervescent additives may further be included.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for demonstrating the cleansing efficacy of a personal care product or a component thereof, the method comprising: (i) selecting a first portion of a porous article capable of allowing a gas to pass through its pores, wherein the porous article is connected to a source of said gas and immersed in a liquid while the source releases said gas which flows out of said pores to generate gas bubbles; (ii) treating the first portion of the porous article with contaminants; (iii) treating the first portion of the porous article with the personal care product or the component thereof, wherein a second portion of the porous article is selected in step (i); the second portion is also treated with contaminants in step (ii); and the second portion is treated with a comparative or placebo product in step (iii); and wherein following step (iii) the method comprises a step (iv) of assessing a change of the treated first portion relative to untreated article and/or relative to the treated second portion,

Abstract: Soap and cosmetic products can be made from oil-bearing microbial biomass via the alkaline hydrolysis of glycerolipids and fatty acid esters to fatty acid salts. The saponified microbial oils/lipids can be combined with a variety of additives to produce compositions for use as soaps and other cosmetic products, which may also contain other constituents of the biomass, including unsaponified oils, glycerol and carotenoids, among others.

Abstract: Soap and cosmetic products can be made from oil-bearing microbial biomass via the alkaline hydrolysis of glycerolipids and fatty acid esters to fatty acid salts. The saponified microbial oils/lipids can be combined with a variety of additives to produce compositions for use as soaps and other cosmetic products, which may also contain other constituents of the biomass, including unsaponified oils, glycerol and carotenoids, among others.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process of preparing bar toilet soap, composed of multiple phases, at least one of them being an opaque phase and at least one being a translucent phase. The translucent phase and the opaque phase(s) are mixed during the process, wherein the translucent phase is incorporated into the opaque phase during the extrusion of this second phase, giving rise to a toilet soap in which one of the phases predominate and the other appears as stripes dispersed in the first one.

Abstract: The present invention provides soap, including glycerine and sapropel. It also provides therapeutic uses thereof.

Abstract: A method of preparing a composition for use in a unit dose fabric treatment system, the method comprising the steps of reacting together, in the presence of water, a ester-containing soap precursor, a base material, and optionally a solvent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to process for producing bars comprising 20 to 70% by wt. acyl isethionate and 15% to 35% free fatty acid and which is made by process where excess fatty acids made during production of acyl isethionate is removed by neutralization rather than by “stripping”. The bar retains remarkably desirable consumer properties.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel method of incorporating free fatty acid into soap-based bars to minimize or eliminate efflorescence and to compositions made by the process.

Abstract: The invention provides process for making bar compositions with high level of sugar or sugars (greater than about 25% by wt.) and which can be extruded.

Abstract: The invention describes a silicone oil emulsion stabilized with soap. The soap is formed in situ from one or more fatty acids and a cation of a base during the emulsification process. The invention also provides a method of forming a soap stabilized oil-in-water emulsion including the steps of forming a first mixture comprising a silicone oil, a base, and initial water, combining the first mixture with a fatty acid component and emulsifying the resultant combination.

Abstract: A process for obtaining a product rich in unsaponifiable valuable substances from at least one of crude sulphate soap, crude tall oil or tall oil pitch is disclosed. The process comprises (1) providing a feed of at least one of crude sulphate soap, saponified crude tall oil or saponified tall oil pitch, (2) drying the feed, and (3) subjecting the dried feed to high vacuum evaporation to obtain a product rich in unsaponifiable valuable substances, wherein a softener has been incorporated into the dried feed before step (3) to produce a mixed feed. The softener is characterized by the following properties: 1) the mixed feed's viscosity is lower than the feed's viscosity, 2) the softener's vapor pressure is lower than the unsaponifiables of the feed's vapor pressure, 3) the softener's molecular weight is at least 750, and, optionally, 4) the softener is heat resistant.

Abstract: Mild toilet bar compositions are described that contain synthetic surfactants, moisturizers and exfoliant particles where 25% or more of the particles have a major axis length of between 100 and 600 microns. The combination of the mild surfactants, moisturizers, and exfoliants provide the user with simultaneous moisturization and exfoliation.

Abstract: Processes for preparing superbasic zinc soaps are disclosed. The processes described comprise: (a) providing a basic zinc carbonate; (b) providing at least one organic carboxylic acid; and (c) reacting the basic zinc carbonate and the at least one organic carboxylic acid at a temperature of from about 100° C. to about 200° C. The use of such soaps for stabilizing halogen-containing plastic compositions is also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing fatty acid alkyl esters, involving esterifying a material containing free fatty acids (FFA) with an alcohol and an inorganic acid catalyst to form a product containing fatty acid alkyl esters, wherein (i) the material contains at least about 40% FFA and is produced by reacting a feedstock with steam and sulfuric acid at a pH of about 1-about 2 or (ii) the material contains at least about 80% FFA and is produced by reacting a feedstock with steam and alkali at a pH of about 11-about 13 and further reacting the feedstock with steam and sulfuric acid at a pH of about 1-about 2. The feedstock may be selected from the oils or soapstocks of soy, coconut, corn, cotton, flax, palm, rapeseed/canola, safflower, sunflower; animal fats; waste greases; and mixtures thereof; or other fully or partially hydrolyzed preparations of such feedstocks.

Abstract: A process for the direct production of soap having the desired concentration of fatty acid from neutral fats by reacting, at a temperature higher than 100° C. and under pressure, an aqueous solution of an alkaline hydroxide or mixture of alkaline hydroxides having a quantity in moles equal to that of the fatty acids contained in the fat and/or oil and a quantity of water equal to that required to obtain the desired concentration of fatty acids in the final soap and heated at a temperature sufficient to obtain a clear solution, with the fat and/or oil previously heated at a temperature at least equal to that of the aqueous solution of the alkaline hydroxide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a combination soap bar composition containing monoglyceride sulfonates and a method for manufacturing the same. A combination bar composition containing monoglyceride sulfonates of the present invention comprises fatty acid based toilet bars and monoglyceride sulfonates of the following General Formula 1: where R is an alkyl having 7 to 21 carbon atoms, and M is sodium, potassium, triethanolamine, or ammonium. A combination bar composition containing monoglyceride sulfonates of the present invention has good general physical properties such as soap softness, etc. and very good moisturization properties and feel during usage even after repeated uses.

Abstract: A process for preparing a cleansing bar having well defined platelet striations therein which comprises extruding a cleansing bar having platelets therein using an extruder having a perforated barrier across the cross section of the extruder, the barrier a sufficient distance from the spider so that well-defined platelet striations are observed in the finished bar with the human eye. Generally the perforated barrier is located at least about 60% preferably at least about 70% from the spider, as measured from the spider to the extruder cone outlet. Generally, a standard extruder cone length from spider to cone outlet is about 483 mm to about 560 mm.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cleaning composition which has a superior cleaning power, bactericidal power and the like, and which is highly safe.

Abstract: The invention provides a molten process for making compositions comprising anionic, surfactant soap and free fatty acid using a source of divalent cation sufficiently soluble to interact with soluble soaps. This allows greater amounts of soap to be used while retaining good finishing properties.

Abstract: The invention relates to soap bars comprising 6% to 13% triglyceride oils wherein said bars simultaneously have post processing properties and maintain good lather. In a second embodiment, the invention relates to a process of making predominantly soap bars having noted properties comprising adding 6 to about 13% by wt. triglyceride oil(s) at finishing stage post crystallization.

Abstract: A process for obtaining a product rich in unsaponifiable valuable substances from at least one of crude sulphate soap, crude tall oil or tall oil pitch is disclosed. The process comprises (1) providing a feed of at least one of crude sulphate soap, saponified crude tall oil or saponified tall oil pitch, (2) drying the feed, and (3) subjecting the dried feed to high vacuum evaporation to obtain a product rich in unsaponifiable valuable substances, wherein a softener has been incorporated into the dried feed before step (3) to produce a mixed feed. The softener is characterized by the following properties: 1) the mixed feed's viscosity is lower than the feed's viscosity, 2) the softener's vapor pressure is lower than the unsaponifiables of the feed's vapor pressure, 3) the softener's molecular weight is at least 750, and, optionally, 4) the softener is heat resistant.

Abstract: The invention relates to soap bars comprising 6% to 13% triglyceride oils wherein said bars simultaneously have post processing properties and maintain good lather. In a second embodiment, the invention relates to a process of making predominantly soap bars having noted properties comprising adding 6 to about 13% by wt. triglyceride oil(s) at finishing stage post crystallization.

Abstract: A method is provided for enabling the use of high levels of fluid material (e.g. emollients and moisturizers) in the preparation of soap material (e.g. bars and noodles), whilst the soap material has a firm, smooth and homogeneous appearance. In testing, the resulting soap bars appeared to be exceptionally mild to the skin. The method comprises the use of a granular material comprising a fluid phase and a particulate material. In an alternative manner, the fluid phase and particulate material may be incorporated into the mixture separately.

Abstract: The invention describes a silicone oil emulsion stabilized with soap. The soap is formed in situ from one or more fatty acids and a cation of a base during the emulsification process. The invention also provides a method of forming a soap stabilized oil-in-water emulsion including the steps of forming a first mixture comprising a silicone oil, a base, and initial water, combining the first mixture with a fatty acid component and emulsifying the resultant combination.

Abstract: A process for the production of soap from neutral fats by reaction of fats and/or oils with an alkaline hydroxide or a mixture of alkaline hydroxides, consisting in reacting, at a temperature exceeding 100° C. and under pressure an aqueous solution of the alkaline hydroxide or a mixture of alkaline hydroxides, having a quantity in moles of hydroxide substantially equal to the one of the fatty acids contained in the fat and/or oil and a quantity of water equal to the one necessary to obtain the required concentration of fatty acids in the final soap heated at a sufficient temperature to obtain a clear solution, with the fat and/or oil previously heated at a temperature at least equal to the one of the aqueous solution of the alkaline hydroxide.

Abstract: A method of soap making comprises pulverizing naturally scented flora or other material with components of the soap making process prior to saponification. An improved scented soap is thereby provided with an intensified natural scent.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for the polymerization and functionalization of hydroxy fatty acids to provide surface active agents. The surface active agents can be nonionic, cationic, anionic or amphoteric polymeric surface active agents.

Abstract: A low total fatty matter content detergent bar composition comprising a surfactant 25-70% total fatty matter, 9-16% by weight colloidal aluminium hydroxide and 12-52% water. The invention also comprises a process for preparing a detergent bar comprising a surfactant, 25-70% total fatty matter, 0.5-20% colloidal aluminium hydroxide and 15-52% water, comprising the steps of reacting one or more fatty acids or fats with sodium aluminate with a solid content of 20-55% wherein the Al2O3 to Na2O ratio is in the region 0.5-1.55:1 to obtain a mixture of aluminium hydroxide and soap at a temperature of between 40° C. and 95° C., adding a predetermined amount of water to the mixture of aluminium hydroxide and soap, adding any further minor additives, and converting the product into bars.

Abstract: A washing cake of soap, which includes a cake of solid cleaning substance, and a net embedded in the cake of solid cleaning substance. The washing cake of soap is made by putting a net and a liquid cleaning substance in the cavity of a mold, and then letting the liquid cleaning substance to be dried and hardened in the mold.

Abstract: A process for the production of anionic surfactant granules comprising the steps of:A) Neutralizing an acidic anionic surfactant with a base in a horizontal thin-layer evaporator or thin-layer dryer; andB) Drying the resulting neutralized anionic surfactant in the evaporator or dryer to form surfactant granules; wherein the acidic anionic surfactant and the base taken together have a solids content such that the total quantity of water in the evaporator or dryer at no time exceeds about 15 % by weight and wherein the neutralization and drying are carried out in countercurrent flow with air or an alkaline gas stream at a temperature in the range of from about 120 to about 130.degree. C.

Abstract: There is provided a bar soap having an improved resistance to cracking after exposure to repeated cycles of moistening and drying. The bar soap, which contain greater than 3 wt % glycerin, is prepared from an initial blend of about 60 wt % to about 85 wt % tallow, about 10 wt % to about 40 wt % coconut oil and about 15 wt % to about 35 wt % fatty acid. The present invention also relates to the process of transforming the initial blend into a bar soap having an improved resistance to wet cracking.

Abstract: A process for disproportionating rosins using iodide catalysts. In one embodiment, a tall oil rosin is heated in the presence of a lithium iodide catalyst. In another embodiment, a catalyst system is formed from a mixture of lithium iodide and ferrous iodide. The mixed catalyst system completes disproportionation of tall oil rosin in about three hours. Phosphoric acid may be added to remove iron colored impurities when using the mixed catalyst system. Another aspect of the invention involves preparing a soap from the disproportionated rosin by adding a defoamer and a base, such as potassium hydroxide.

Abstract: A process for producing soap which comprises blending soaps, water, and glycerin prepared froma. the neutralization of at least one free fatty acid with a strong alkali to produce soap and water, andb. the saponification of at least one triglyceride with a strong alkali to produce soap and glycerin, the amount of glycerin from step b being sufficient to provide up to about 6 wt. % of glycerin to the finished soap product.A process for producing soap from a mixed feedstock of at least one triglyceride and at least one free fatty acid which comprises contacting at least one triglyceride and at least one free fatty acid with strong alkali at an elevated temperature, the quantity of triglyceride present so that the glycerine produced from its saponification with strong alkali does not exceed about 6 wt. % of the finished soap product.

Abstract: The invention provides a multi purpose soap bar which can be used for cleaning the human body and shampooing and conditioning the hair consisting of the following ingredients in the volume % as specified:______________________________________ Caproic Acid 0.10-0.26 Caprylic Acid 1.41-3.48 Capric Acid 1.00-2.48 Lauric Acid 7.0-17.4 Myristic Acid 2.47-6.7 Palmitic Acid 1.21-31.7 Stearic Acid 0.15-14.5 Oleic Acid 1.3-57.1 Linoleic Acid 0.31-19.2 Linolenic Acid 0.01-4.8 Alpha Linoleic Acid 0.0-0.7 Vitamin E 0.0-3.6 Water/Sodium Hydroxide Mixed 3:1 27.0-27.2 Honey 0.0-1.0 Citric Acid 0-0.4 Lecithin 0-0.2 Palmitoleic Acid 0-0.11 Erucic Acid 0-0.65 Arachidic Acid 0-.

Abstract: This invention relates to a monohydric alcohol free process for making transparent pour molded personal cleansing bars which exhibit good hardness characteristics. The process comprises: (I) making a molten mixture of from 18 parts to 35 parts soap, wherein said soap is at least 50% insoluble sodium soap; from 14 parts to 32 parts water; from 5 parts to 37 parts synthetic surfactant; and from 18 parts to 37 parts of a water soluble organic solvent, wherein the combined level of water and water soluble organic solvent within the molten mixture is at least 40 parts; and (II) transferring a unit amount of said molten mixture into a bar forming mold or tube and (III) allowing said molded unit to cool in acquiescent conditions into a mild, low smearing transparent personal cleansing bar.The preferred bars made by the process of the present invention are more weight stable than bars made with several parts of alcohol.

Abstract: In the production of granules containing anionic surfactants and having a bulk density above 450 g/l by granulation of a surfactant preparation containing a non-surface-active liquid component, the water demand and hence the energy demand for evaporating the water can be reduced if the anionic surfactant in its acid form or a mixture containing one or more anionic surfactants in their acid form and an aqueous alkaline solution are separately treated with a gaseous medium, subsequently sprayed in substantially stoichiometric quantities into the granulation and drying zone either separately or together under a high propellant gas pressure and then granulated and, at the same time, dried, optionally with addition of one or more inorganic or organic solids.