Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of a) treating any of depression induced by chronic stress; depression in a subject afflicted with PTSD; anxiety induced by chronic stress; anxiety in a subject afflicted with PTSD; cognitive impairment induced by chronic stress; altered morphology and/or reduced number of GFAP+ cells in hippocampus and/or frontal cortex induced by chronic stress; working memory impairment in a subject afflicted with PTSD; b) inhibiting or reversing loss of GFAP+ cells in hippocampus and/or frontal cortex induced by chronic stress; c) decreasing consolidation of contextual fear memory in a subject afflicted with PTSD; d) enhancing extinction of fear memory in a subject afflicted with PTSD; or e) increasing calcineurin A expression in a subject afflicted with PTSD using a combination of cotinine and an antioxidant.

Abstract: The present invention is related to NDP-MSH or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof for therapeutic and/or prophylactic therapeutic treatment of inflammatory and/or neurodegenerative disorders of the CNS or multiple sclerosis. The present invention is further related to pharmaceutical compositions and a kit comprising NDP-MSH or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

Abstract: A peptide formed from the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 or SEQ ID NO: 2 shows a melanogenesis increment activity and an adipogenesis inhibitory activity. The peptide, by increasing phosphorylation of MITF, which is a transcription factor for increasing a tyrosinase expression, and CREB for increasing an MITF expression, consequently increases a tyrosinase expression and ultimately increases melanin synthesis. The peptide, by reducing the amount of fat accumulated inside a cell and reducing expressions of perilipin and PPAR?, which contribute to adipogenic mechanism, ultimately inhibits adipogenesis. A composition for remedying or treating melanin hypopigmentation, a composition comprising the peptide, and a pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing obesity, are provided.

Abstract: Peptide containing sequence from both the GLP-1 peptide and glucagon peptide, compositions comprising said peptides and methods of using said peptides for the treatment and prevention of metabolic disorders, for example disorders of energy metabolism such as obesity or diabetes, are provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a therapy for vitiligo. In particular the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising an alpha melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) analog either alone, in combination with narrow band UVB and/or in combination with one or more corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, anti-inflammatory agents and/or photochemotherapeutic agents for the treatment or prevention of vitiligo.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods, compositions, and kits for treating intestinal hyperpermeability in a subject in need thereof, including conditions such as hyperglycemia and underlying diseases such as diabetes, autism, fibromyalgia, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), graft versus host disease (GVHD), HIV/AIDS, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), celiac disease, eczema, psoriasis, acute pancreatitis, Parkinson's disease, depression, chronic fatigue syndrome, asthma, multiple sclerosis, arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, alcoholic cirrhosis, environmental enteropathy, or kwashiorkor.

Abstract: Provided herein are stable peptide analogs of the native alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (?-MSH) having selectivity for the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R). Also provided herein are pharmaceutical preparations of the ?-MSH peptide analogs, as well as methods of using these analogs in the treatment of medical and veterinary conditions involving MC1R.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods, compositions, and kits for treating intestinal hyperpermeability in a subject in need thereof, including conditions such as hyperglycemia and underlying diseases such as diabetes, autism, fibromyalgia, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), graft versus host disease (GVHD), HIV/AIDS, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), celiac disease, eczema, psoriasis, acute pancreatitis, Parkinson's disease, depression, chronic fatigue syndrome, asthma, multiple sclerosis, arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, alcoholic cirrhosis, environmental enteropathy, or kwashiorkor.

Abstract: The present invention is related to the tripeptide (I)Lys-(d)Pro-(I)Thr (KdPT) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof for therapeutic, prophylactic therapeutic or cosmetic treatment of a disease with increased apoptosis, wherein the treatment has an anti-apoptotic effect. The present invention is also related to the use of KdPT or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof for the manufacture of a pharmaceutical or cosmetic composition for an anti-apoptotic treatment of disorders that are related with increased apoptosis.

Abstract: A centrifugal mixing device can include a shaft assembly that is operably coupled to a motor such that the motor rotates the shaft assembly about a first axis. The devices can further include a turret that is rotatably coupled to the shaft assembly such that the turret rotates about the first axis relative to the shaft assembly. The turret can include a first support, a first canister rotatably coupled to the first support such that the first canister rotates about a second axis, and a second canister rotatably coupled to the first support such that the second canister rotates about a third axis. The turret is configured to rotate about the first axis in a first rotational direction and each of the first and second canisters is configured to rotate about the second and third axes, respectively, in a second rotational direction that is opposite the first rotational direction.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel non-invasive diagnostic and therapeutic tools/compounds comprising a hybride cyclic peptide which utilizes a cyclic peptide chelating group wherein the compound binds to a MSH receptor to image and treat cancers, especially, melanoma, including metastatic melanoma in vivo. The present invention represents a clear advance in the art which presently relies on tissue biopsy for diagnoses of these cancers. The novel imaging probes are capable of detecting cancerous melanoma cells, as well as their metastatic spread in tissues. This represents a quantum step forward in the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma, including metastatic melanoma using non-invasive molecular imaging techniques. The novel probes of the present invention will also be useful to initiate therapy for melanoma as well as monitor patients response to chemotherapy treatments and other interventions or therapies used in the treatment of melanoma/metastatic melanoma.

Abstract: Described herein are melanocortin analogs having enhanced activity and transport.

Abstract: This disclosure provides methods of using compounds that act to increase oxytocin release, including certain melanocortin receptor agonists, for treating or reducing the severity of psychotherapeutic or social disorders such as autism, and in particular the use of these compounds as an adjunct to psychotherapeutic counseling or behavioral therapy.

Abstract: A combination of compounds is described for the treatment and/or prevention of skin conditions linked to hypopigmentation. Also described, is a combination product that includes at least one prostaglandin receptor agonist and at least one MC1R receptor agonist, as a medicament for use simultaneously, separately or spread out over time for the treatment and/or prevention of skin conditions linked to hypopigmentation, such as vitiligo.

Abstract: The present invention relates to shelf stable non-aqueous pharmaceutical compositions, and to the use thereof in methods of treating diabetes and hyperglycaemia.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for treating pain are disclosed. The compositions are based on dry powders comprising microparticles of diketopiperazines and an analgesic active agent. The analgesic in the compositions comprises one or more peptide analgesics or derivatives thereof, which are administered to a subject using a pulmonary inhalation drug delivery system comprising a dry powder inhaler and the analgesic composition. The present compositions produce fewer side effects associated with current opioid therapy.

Abstract: A method is presented for treating an inflammatory skin disorder in a human comprising: topically applying to the skin a composition comprising alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (?MSH) or an ?MSH analog in an amount effective to reduce skin inflammation in the human.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of compounds selected from the group consisting of Lys-(D)Pro-Thr, N-acyl Lys-(D)Pro-Thr, C-amide Lys-(D)Pro-Thr, and C-esters of Lys-(D)Pro-Thr; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of said compound fort he treatment of inflammatory disorders. The invention also relates to the use of ?MSH for inducing tolerance.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for prophylactic treatment of renal disorders comprising administration of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), or fragment, analog, complex or aggregate thereof, or any combination thereof, to an individual suspected of having, predisposed to, or at risk of developing a renal disorder.

Abstract: The present invention provides peptide analogues of ?-MSH and ?-MSH, comprising the amino acid sequence of human ?-MSH or ?-MSH, or variants thereof, and having a branched amino acid probe in the N-terminal part of the peptide.

Abstract: Methods for use of a melanocortin receptor agonist cyclic peptide of the formula where R, x and y are as defined in the specification, and compositions and formulations including the peptide of the foregoing formula, for preventing, ameliorating or treating female sexual dysfunction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a dosage regime of a peptide analogues of [alpha]-melanocyte-stimulating hormone ([alpha]-MSH), which possesses an increased efficacy compared to the native [alpha]-MSH peptide in the treatment or prevention of kidney injury or disease.

Abstract: The invention describes peptide analogues of ?-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (?-MSH), which possess an increased efficacy compared to the native ?-MSH peptide. The ?-MSH analogues exhibit increased anti-inflammatory effects and increased capability to prevent ischemic conditions compared to ?-MSH. The invention further discloses use of the peptides for the manufacture of pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment or prophylaxis of a condition in the tissue of one or more organs of a mammal, and moreover pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a dosage regime of a peptide analogues of [alpha]-melanocyte-stimulating hormone ([alpha]-MSH), which possesses an increased efficacy compared to the native [alpha]-MSH peptide in the treatment or prevention of kidney injury or disease.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a compound comprising an ?-MSH peptide, coupled to a polypeptide consisting of a chain of about 15 to about 400 amino acids, for use in endodontic regeneration and/or for the treatment of dental inflammatory diseases. The invention further concerns pharmaceutical compositions, in particular nanostructured compositions, comprising such a compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds, methods, and formulations useful for the oral delivery of a GLP-1 compound or an MC4 agonist peptide.

Abstract: A method for treatment to reduce the incidence or rate of development of skin cancers and related conditions caused by or exacerbated by or associated with UVR-induced skin damage in an immuno-compromised subject, such as an organ transplant patient, comprises the step of administering to said subject an amount of an alpha-MSH analogue effective to protect the skin of the subject from UVR-induced skin damage.

Abstract: The present invention relates to melanocortin receptor binding conjugates and methods of making and using the foregoing.

Abstract: Provided herein are stable peptide analogs of the native alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (?-MSH) having selectivity for the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R). Also provided herein are pharmaceutical preparations of the ?-MSH peptide analogs, as well as methods of using these analogs in the treatment of medical and veterinary conditions involving MC1R.

Abstract: Described herein are compositions comprising an alpha-MSH analogue and a transdermal delivery system and methods for inducing melanogenesis and/or preventing UV radiation-induced skin damage in a subject by topical administration of these compositions.

Abstract: The invention describes peptide analogues of ?-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (?-MSH), which possess an increased efficacy compared to the native ?-MSH peptide. The ?-MSH analogues exhibit increased anti-inflammatory effects and increased capability to prevent ischemic conditions compared to ?-MSH. The invention further discloses use of the peptides for the manufacture of pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment or prophylaxis of a condition in the tissue of one or more organs of a mammal, and moreover pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to peptide ligands of the melanocortin receptors, in particular the melancortin-4 receptor, and as such, are useful in the treatment of disorders responsive to the activation of this receptor, such as obesity, diabetes mellitus and sexual dysfunction.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of treatment of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis comprising administration of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), or fragment, analog, complex or aggregate thereof, or any combination thereof, to an individual in need thereof.

Abstract: The invention describes peptide analogues of ?-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (?-MSH), which possess an increased efficacy compared to the native ?-MSH peptide. The ?-MSH analogues exhibit increased anti-inflammatory effects and increased capability to prevent ischemic conditions compared to ?-MSH. The invention further discloses use of the peptides for the manufacture of pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment or prophylaxis of a condition in the tissue of one or more organs of a mammal, and moreover pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: The invention relates to melanocortin receptor-specific cyclic peptides of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, where R1, R2, R3, R4a, R4b, R4c, R5, x and y are as defined in the specification. These compounds are particularly useful in the treatments of energy homeostasis and metabolism related (e.g. diabetes), food intake related and/or energy balance and body weight related diseases, disorders and/or conditions, including obesity, overweight and diseases, disorders and/or conditions associated with obesity and/or overweight, such as type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome.

Abstract: The invention describes peptide analogues of ?-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (?-MSH), which posses an increased efficacy compared to the native ?-MSH peptide. The ?-MSH analogues exhibit increased anti-inflammatory effects and increased capability to prevent ischemic conditions compared to ?-MSH. The invention further discloses use of the peptides for the manufacture of pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment or prophylaxis of a condition in the tissue of one or more organs of a mammal, and moreover pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a therapy for vitiligo. In particular the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising an alpha melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) analogue either alone, in combination with narrow band UVB and/or in combination with one or more corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, anti-inflammatory agents and/or photochemotherapeutic agents for the treatment or prevention of vitiligo.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions and kits including a tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor, a melanin promoter, a p450 3A4 promoter, and a leucine aminopeptidase inhibitor are provided. Also provided are methods of treating cancer in a subject, comprising administering an effective amount of a tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor, a melanin promoter, a p450 3A4 promoter, and a leucine aminopeptidase inhibitor to the subject in need thereof. Also provided are methods of reducing cell proliferation in a subject comprising administering an effective amount of a tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor, a melanin promoter, a p450 3A4 promoter, and a leucine aminopeptidase inhibitor to the subject in need thereof.

Abstract: A melanocortin receptor agonist cyclic peptide of the formula where R, x and y are as defined in the specification, compositions and formulations including the peptide of the foregoing formula, and methods of preventing, ameliorating or treating melanocortin receptor-mediated diseases, indications, conditions and syndromes, including sexual dysfunction such as male erectile dysfunction and female sexual dysfunction.

Abstract: The invention describes peptide analogues of a-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (a-MSH), which posses an increased efficacy compared to the native ?-MSH peptide. The ?-MSH analogues exhibit increased anti-inflammatory effects and increased capability to prevent ischemic conditions compared to ?-MSH. The invention further discloses use of the peptides for the manufacture of pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment or prophylaxis of a condition in the tissue of one or more organs of a mammal, and moreover pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: Provided herein are stable peptide analogs of the native alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (?-MSH) having selectivity for the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R). Also provided herein are pharmaceutical preparations of the ?-MSH peptide analogs, as well as methods of using these analogs in the treatment of medical and veterinary conditions involving MC1R.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a compound according to formula, (R2R3)-B1-A1-c(A2-A3-A4-A5-A6-A7-A8-A9)-A10-A11-A12-A13-B2-B3-R1, that act as ligands for one or more of the melanocortin receptors, the pharmaceutically-acceptable salts thereof, to methods of using such peptides to treat mammals and to pharmaceutical compositions useful therefore comprising said peptides.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for prophylactic or therapeutic treatment of photodermatoses that are caused or exacerbated by or associated with UVR exposure in a subject, particularly a human subject, which comprises the step of administering to said subject an amount of an alpha-MSH analogue effective to reduce the photosensitivity of the skin of the subject.

Abstract: A formulation, composition or combination of substances comprising jasmonate for modulating melatonin production and/or calcification of a pineal gland and/or modulation and/or treatment of age-related neurodegeneration in a subject, particularly in a mammalian subject and more particularly in a human subject and use of jasmonate for modulating melatonin production and/or calcification of a pineal gland and/or modulation and/or treatment of age-related neurodegeneration is provided.

Abstract: The invention discloses particulate complexes composed of chitosan, poly-glutamic acid, and at least one bioactive agent, wherein equal moles of the positively charged chitosan and the negatively charged poly-glutamic acid substrate form an electrostatic network enabling improved loading the bioactive agent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to improvements in compositions containing peptides that are ligands of one or more of the melanocortin receptors (MC-R), or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, methods for preparing such compositions, and method of using such compositions to treat mammals. In particular, the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising a pamoate salt of Ac-Arg-cyclo(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2 which is a ligand of the melanocortin receptor subtype 4 (MC4-R), and in which, after subcutaneous or intramuscular administration to a subject, the peptide forms a depot at physiological pH that is slowly dissolved and released into the body fluid and bloodstream. The present invention may further comprise an organic component such as dimethylacetamide (DMA) or polyethylene glycol (PEG) with an average molecular weight of lower than 1000.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are disclosed for a non-naturally occurring melanocortin ligand comprised of a melanocortin analog coupled to a degradation-resistant C-terminal extension and, optionally, an N-terminal extension, to produce a stable melanocortin ligand having diminished or abolished cardiovascular activity while retaining desired melanocortin regulatory activity.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for suppressing appetite by surgically implanting a drug infusion pump into a site in a subject, and delivering a stable suspension of an appetite suppressing agent a region in a central nervous system of the subject. The appetite suppressing agent binds to a target receptor on a neural cell in the central nervous system and modifies the receptor function to suppress appetite.

Abstract: A melanocortin-4 receptor agonist cyclic peptide of the formula where R1, R2, R3, R4a, R4b, R5, R6, R7a, R7b, x, y and z are as defined in the specification, and a method of treating sexual dysfunction, including male erectile dysfunction and female sexual dysfunction, and other melanocortin 4 receptor responsive conditions and disorders.

Abstract: A cosmetic and/or pharmaceutical composition contains, as an active ingredient, at least one peptide from SEQ ID No1 to SEQ ID No8. The use of this peptide as an active ingredient for preparing compositions for inducing, increasing or restoring melanin synthesis in melanocytes of the skin or dermal papilla is also disclosed.