Abstract: Methods of inhibiting osteoclastogenesis and the activity of osteoclasts are disclosed. Methods of treating patients who have diseases characterized bone loss are disclosed. According to the methods, an amount of a TRANCE/RANK inhibitor effective to inhibit osteoclastogenesis is administered to the patient. Pharmaceutical compositions which comprise TRANCE/RANK inhibitor in an amount effective to inhibit osteoclastogenesis. Methods of modulating dendritic cell maturation, T cell proliferation, and/or CD40 receptor systems in an individual are disclosed. The methods comprise the step of administering to the individual an amount of a TRANCE/RANK inhibitor effective to modulating dendritic cell maturation, T cell proliferation, and/or CD40 receptor systems.

Abstract: According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided a compound of formula (I) and solvates thereof. There are also provided compositions containing the compound, processes for preparing it, and its use in therapy.

Abstract: A process for forming crystalline lactose suitable for use in a pharmaceutical formulation comprises subjecting a solution comprising a plurality of nanosized lactose particles to conditions sufficient to cause crystallization to occur on the nanosized lactose particles such that a plurality of lactose particles are formed therefrom having a median diameter ranging from about 4 ?m to about 20 ?m.

Abstract: This invention relates to certain sugar esters of phytosterols of formula (I).

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention relate to methods for treating individuals suffering from hot flashes by vomeronasally administering a therapeutically effective dosage of a steroid agent. The hot flashes may be a result of postmenopause or castration suffered by the individual. In many embodiments, the method for treating individuals suffering with hot flashes is provided by administering a steroid agent containing an estrene compound, such as 16?,17?-epoxy-10?-hydroxyestr-4-en-3-one, to the individual. In other embodiments, pharmaceutical compositions containing the steroid agent may be used to treat individuals suffering with hot flashes. Embodiments include methods for treating male castrates, as well as postmenopausal women and men, suffering from hot flashes by vomeronasally administering a steroid agent containing 16?,17?-epoxy-10?-hydroxyestr-4-en-3-one to levitate the hot flashes.

Abstract: This invention is directed to compounds that provide for sustained systemic concentrations of therapeutic or prophylactic agents following administration to animals. This invention is also directed to pharmaceutical compositions including and methods using such compounds.

Abstract: The disclosure provides methods and a composition for treating diseases and conditions of the central and peripheral nervous system by stimulating or increasing neurogenesis by use of (5-acetamido-N-(5alpha-cholestan-3alpha-yl)-3,5-dideoxy-2-O-methyl-D-glycero-alpha-D-galacto-non-2-ulopyranosonamide(MCC-257).

Abstract: There is provided a crystalline complex comprising a compound of formula (I) in which the crystal lattice is stabilized by the presence of a guest molecule, characterized in that the crystalline complex is of space group P212121 having unit cell dimensions of about 12.5±1.0 §, 15±1.0 §, and 16.2±1.0 § when determined at either 120K or 150K.

Abstract: The present invention comprises compositions that provide anti-glycation activity comprising a mineral extract composition or a mogroside/mineral extract composition or a mogroside composition. Such compositions are useful for methods of preventing, treating and inhibiting the effects of glycation in the body. The methods of the present invention comprise use of anti-glycation composition for the treatment and prevention of glycation related conditions including diabetes, atherosclerosis, arthritis, mental conditions and vision impairment.

Abstract: Provided are methods of attenuating release of a proinflammatory cytokine from a mammalian cell. Also provided are methods of inhibiting or treating an inflammatory cytokine cascade in a mammal. Further provided are methods of treating a mammal at risk for or undergoing sepsis, septicemia, and/or endotoxic shock. Additionally provided are methods of attenuating NO release from a mammalian cell. Also provided are methods of attenuating NO production in a mammal at risk for, or having, a disorder mediated by excessive NO production.

Abstract: Described here are delivery devices for delivering one or more implants to the body, and methods of using. The delivery devices may deliver implants to a variety of locations within the body, for a number of different uses. In some variations, the delivery devices have a cannula with one or more curved sections. In some variations, a pusher may be used to release one or more implants from the cannula. In some variations, one or more of the released implants may be a self-expanding device. Methods of delivering implants to one or more sinus cavities are also described here.

Abstract: Use of digitalis-like compounds such as 19-norbufalin derivatives in the treatment of affective disorders such as anxiety, depression and bipolar disorders is disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to a highly efficient artificial low-density lipoprotein (LDL) carrier system for the targeted delivery therapeutic agents across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). In particular, this invention relates to artificial LDL particles comprised of three lipid elements: phosphatidyl choline, fatty-acyl-cholesterol esters, and at least one apolipoprotein. The present invention further relates to compositions, methods and kits comprising artificial LDL particles for targeting drugs to and across the BBB for the prevention and treatment of brain diseases.

Abstract: The present invention discloses oxygenic oxygenic oxysterols. Also disclosed, agents and methods for protecting, blocking or rescuing marrow stromal cells from the inhibitory effects of oxidative stress on their osteoblastic cellular differentiation. Exemplary agents include oxysterols, rhBMP2, alone or in combination which are demonstrated to specifically combat oxidative stress caused by inflammatory oxidized lipids, such as xanthine/xanthine oxidase and minimally oxidized LDL. The synergistic effects of oxysterols and bone morphogenic proteins are disclosed.

Abstract: The embodied composition is a dose of bio-identical hormones in a solvent with a vasodilator, a hormone modulator, and a carrier for balancing and maintaining Cortisol level in a human. The dose comprises progesterone ranging from about 0.005 wt % to about 41 wt %; pregnenolone ranging from about 0.005 wt % to about 41 wt %; ethoxydiglycol ranging from about 0.005 wt % to about 10 wt %; pentoxifylline ranging from about 0.005 wt % to about 10 wt %; ginseng ranging from about 0.005 wt % to about 41 wt %, and carrier q.s. Embodied herein is a method for balancing and maintaining Cortisol levels in humans by identifying the hormonal needs for a human, testing to ascertain the baseline hormone levels, inserting the values of baseline hormone level for each hormone into a hormone tree, balancing the hormones to a normal level, adjusting the levels for symptoms and sex type, and forming a resultant composition.

Abstract: According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided a compound of formula (I) and solvates thereof. There are also provided compositions containing the compound, processes for preparing it, and its use in therapy.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and methods useful for treating viral infection.

Abstract: A cream base for the topical application of skin care therapeutics and a process for making the cream base. In one embodiment, the therapeutic is tretinoin, hydroquinone and fluocinolone acetonide for the treatment of hyperpigmented skin conditions, such as melasma.

Abstract: The invention relates to the therapeutic use of pregnenolone derivatives for treating depressive disorders and long-term neurological diseases.

Abstract: The present invention is a method for synthesizing furanosteroids. The method involves intramolecular Diels-Alder/retro-Diels-Alder reaction and tautomerization of a functionalized alkyne oxazole to produce a furo[2,3-b]phenol derivative which is elaborated by intermolecular and intramolecular condensations to generate ring-A of the furanosteroid. Furanosteroids and pharmaceutical compositions containing the same are also provided.

Abstract: There is provided a pharmaceutical formulation comprising an aqueous suspension of particulate compound of formula (I) or a solvate thereof.

Abstract: There are provided crystalline particles of unsolvated Form 1 polymorph of the compound of formula (I): characterised in that the particles are in the form of substantially triangular plates.

Abstract: There is provided according to the invention a pharmaceutical formulation comprising an aqueous carrier liquid having dissolved therein (a) an ester of fluticasone or a solvate thereof as medicament and (b) a solubilizing agent for assisting the solubilization of the medicament in the aqueous carrier liquid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to microbial infection, and in particular, the reduction of apoptosis associated with microbial infection, the screening of Liver X Receptor agonist and/or Retinoid X Receptor agonist that reduce apoptosis, and the treatment and analysis of microbial infection in vivo. In one embodiment, the present invention relates to Liver X Receptor agonist and/or Retinoid X Receptor agonist including but not limited to an agonist increasing the activity of Liver X Receptor and/or Retinoid X Receptor.

Abstract: A composition for treating cancer cells and a preparation method therefore is provided. The composition includes novel withanolide compounds derived from a Solanaceae plant, which the novel withanolide compounds have the cytotoxicity to the cancer cells.

Abstract: The present application describes deuterium-enriched mometasone, pharmaceutically acceptable salt forms thereof, and methods of treating using the same.

Abstract: The invention discloses the use of sapogenin derivatives in the treatment of cognitive disfunction and similar conditions. Methods of treatment and pharmaceutical compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical composition comprising compounds and/or compositions useful to inhibit viral replication are disclosed.

Abstract: There are provided according to the invention compounds of formula (I) wherein R1 represents C1-6 alkyl or C1-6 haloalkyl; R2 represents —C(?O)-aryl or —C(?O)-heteroaryl; R3 represents hydrogen, methyl (which may be in either the ? or ? configuration) or methylene; R4 and R5 are the same or different and each represents hydrogen or halogen; and——represents a single or a double bond; and salts and solvates thereof. There are also provided processes for preparing compounds of formula (I) and use of the compounds in therapy especially in the treatment of inflammatory and allergic conditions.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions for preventing or treating anxiety, comprising betulinic acid or derivatives thereof are provided. Methods for preventing or treating anxiety with betulinic acid or derivatives thereof are also provided. The invention further provides betulinic-acid containing preparations of plants of the family Marcgraviaceae having anxiolytic activity and methods for making such extracts and using them to prevent or treat anxiety in a subject.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of treating rhinosinusitis of the upper airway passages in patients afflicted with said disease, which comprises administering at least once-a-day to the surfaces of said passages of said patients an amount of aerosolized particles of mometasone furoate as a monotherapy effective for treating said disease.

Abstract: Medicaments comprising (A) an antimuscarinic agent and (B) a corticosteroid for the treatment of inflammatory or obstructive airways diseases.

Abstract: A drug delivery device for placement in the eye includes a drug core comprising a hydrophobic pharmaceutically active agent, and a holder that holds the drug core. The holder is made of a material impermeable to passage of the active agent and includes an opening for passage of the pharmaceutically agent therethrough to eye tissue. The device includes polyurethane-siloxane-containing copolymers crosslinked with hydrophilic monomers.

Abstract: New crystalline forms of 17?-(3-Furyl)-5-?androstane-3?,14?,17?-triol are described together with pharmaceutical composition containing the same and methods for their preparation. In particular new Forms B, C, D, E and H are here described.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel betulinic acid derivatives of formula (I), wherein R is C(?CH2) CH3 or CH(CH3)2; R2 together with the adjacent carbonyl group forms a carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid ester or amide or substituted amide; R3 or R4 are hydrogen or aryl with the proviso that both are not independently hydrogen or alkyl or R3 and R4 are combined together to form an aryl ring optionally substituted with a group X, wherein X is selected from halogen, alkyl, cyano, nitro, alkoxy, amino or substituted amine; Y is N or O; and R1 is zero when Y is O, and R1 is hydrogen, alkyl or aryl alkyl when Y is N, useful for inhibition of tumor cancer cells.

Abstract: A medicament comprising, separately or together (A) a compound of formula I in free or salt or solvate form, wherein W, Rx, Ry, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 have the meanings as indicated in the specification; (B) a glycopyrronium salt; and (C) mometasone furoate; for simultaneous, sequential or separate administration in the treatment of an inflammatory or obstructive airways disease.

Abstract: A method of treating preeclampsia including administering a therapeutically effective dose of resibufagenin to a patient having preeclampsia. Effecting the determination of the presence of preeclampsia may be by determining whether there has been a substantial elevation in marinobufagenin which may be blood-derived or urine-derived and if such elevation does exist, concluding that preeclampsia does exist. The method may advantageously be practiced by employing urine, blood serum or blood plasma as the body specimen containing the protein in determining whether a patient has preeclampsia. In another embodiment, bufodienolide derivatives other than resibufagenin may be employed in lieu of thereof or in combination therewith. In another embodiment, resibufagenin analogues may be employed in the treatment of preeclampsia.

Abstract: Retrosteroidal compounds corresponding to formula I, representing progesterone receptor modulators, and their production, and pharmaceutical preparations containing these compounds. These compounds are useful in the treatment of benign gynecological disorders such as endometriosis and uterine fibroids, as well as for female birth control and for hormone replacement therapy.

Abstract: Soft anticholinergic zwitterions of the formulas: wherein R1 and R2 are both phenyl or one of R1 and R2 is phenyl and the other is cyclopentyl; and wherein each asterisk marks a chiral center; said compound having the R, S or RS stereoisomeric configuration at each chiral center unless specified otherwise, or being a mixture thereof.

Abstract: It is intended to provide a substance which is efficacious in whitening sun-burnt skin after UV irradiation and preventing, ameliorating and treating skin pigmentation (for example, spots and freckles caused by sunburn, liver spots) and compositions containing the same. Melanogenesis inhibitors and whitening agents comprising an ergosterol derivative represented by formula (1); melanogenesis inhibitors and whitening agents containing the ergosterol derivative represented by the formula (1); melanogenesis inhibitory compositions and whitening compositions containing the ergosterol derivative represented by formula (1); cosmetics, drugs and external skin preparations containing the ergosterol derivative represented by formula (1); and melanogenesis inhibitory foods and whitening foods containing the ergosterol derivative represented by formula (1).

Abstract: Novel withanolide chemical genetic probes identify the in vivo binding target of withaferin A, which is the intermediate filament type III protein vimentin. In addition, a withanolide-based small molecule screening method screens drug candidates that target intermediate filament type III proteins. The method includes introducing a tagged linker covalently bonded to the withanolide molecule to form a withanolide probe. Better or alternative small molecule compounds as potential drug candidates can be generated based on their likely affinity for the determined binding site in vimentin. The affinity labeled withanolide can also be used to find intermediate filament-associated proteins using chemical proteomics by extracting proteins from cells that were exposed to withanolide-biotin analog. The withanolide probes can be used to monitor expression of vimentin, in tumor samples or other diseased tissues.

Abstract: The invention provides sarsasapogenin in novel amorphous, crystalline, solvated and hydrated forms, and the use thereof in manufacturing pharmaceutical or edible grade sarsasapogenin and its derivatives.

Abstract: This invention describes the new 8?-substituted estratrienes of general formula I in which R2, R3, R6, R6?, R7, R7?, R9, R11, R11?, R12, R14, R15, R15?, R16, R16?, R17, R17? have the meanings that are indicated in the description, and R8 means a straight-chain or branched-chain, optionally partially or completely halogenated alkyl or alkenyl radical with up to 5 carbon atoms, an ethinyl- or prop-1-inyl radical, as pharmaceutical active ingredients that have in vitro a higher affinity to estrogen receptor preparations of rat prostates than to estrogen receptor preparations of rat uteri and in vivo preferably a preferential action on bone rather than the uterus and/or a pronounced action with respect to stimulation of the expression of 5HT2a-receptors and 5HT2a-transporters, their production, their therapeutic use and pharmaceutical dispensing forms that contain the new compounds.

Abstract: There are provided compounds of formula (I) wherein R1 represents O, S or NH; R2 represents —C(?O)-aryl or —C(?O)-heteroaryl; R3 represents hydrogen, methyl (which may be in either the ? or ? configuration) or methylene; R4 and R5 are the same or different and each represents hydrogen or halogen; and represents a single or a double bond; and salts and solvates thereof; process for preparing them, compositions containing them and their use in therapy.

Abstract: Steroid compounds having increased resistance against metabolism and increased water solubility are disclosed, together with methods for their production. These substances are suitable for the manufacture of pharmaceuticals for the treatment of steroid related or steroid induced CNS disorders and for use in methods of prevention, alleviation or treatment of such disorders.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of producing an agglomerate of drug and solid binder. The process involves producing individual agglomerate particles and then converting the convertible amorphous content of same, following agglomeration, by the application of, for example, moisture. Agglomerates capable of conversion as well as the finished agglomerates and oral and nasal dosing systems including same are also contemplated. The process produces agglomerates which are rugged but which will produce an acceptable fine particle fraction during dosing.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and compositions for increasing telomerase activity in cells. Such compositions include pharmaceutical, including topical, and nutraceutical formulations. The methods and compositions are useful for treating diseases subject to treatment by an increase in telomerase activity in cells or tissue of a patient, such as, for example, HIV infection, various degenerative diseases, and acute or chronic skin aliments. They are also useful for enhancing replicative capacity of cells in culture, as in ex vivo cell therapy and proliferation of stem cells.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of compounds to ameliorate or treat an condition such as a cystic fibrosis, neutropenia or other exemplified conditions. Exemplary compounds that can be used include 3?-hydroxy-17?-aminoandrost-5-ene, 3?-hydroxy-16?-fluoro-17?-aminoandrost-5-ene, 3?-hydroxy-16?-fluoro-17?-aminoandrost-5-ene, 3?-hydroxy-16?-fluoro-17?-aminoandrost-5-ene, 1?,3?-dihydroxy-4?-fluoroandrost-5-ene-17-one, 1?,3?,17?-trihydroxy-4?-fluoroandrost-5-ene, 1?,3?-dihydroxy-6?-bromoandrost-5-ene, 1?-fluoro-3?,12?-dihydroxyandrost-5-ene-17-one, 1?-fluoro-3?,4?-dihydroxyandrost-5-ene and 4?-fluoro-3?,6?,17?-trihydroxyandrostane.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fish attracting composition. Previously fish sex hormones were considered only to have a role in sexual reproduction, however the present invention shows that these hormones can be used to induce feeding behaviour in fish. In particular a fish attracting composition is disclosed which contains at least one fish sex hormone which functions as a sex pheromone, however a synthetic nature similar version thereof may alternatively be used. In particular, a fish composition containing the composition 12,20?-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one is shown, this for inducing feeding behaviour in carp.

Abstract: The present invention includes techniques for delivering an active agent into the eye of a subject. Accordingly, in one aspect a method may include delivering invasively an active agent into a peripheral tissue of the eye to form a drug reservoir, and applying an electric current to the drug reservoir to thus drive at least a portion of the active agent at least partially through the choroid. Numerous configurations are contemplated for the positioning of the electric current relative to the drug reservoir. For example, in one aspect the electric current may be applied to the drug reservoir from a non-invasively positioned electrode. In another aspect, the electric current may be applied to the drug reservoir from an invasively positioned electrode. A variety of invasive positions are contemplated, including, for example, positioning the invasive electrode within the peripheral tissue.