Abstract: The use of lipopeptides comprising variable groups defined as H or optionally substituted C6-C20 aliphatic and a peptide of one of the following amino acid sequences: GEESN (SEQ ID NO: 17), QGEESNDK (SEQ ID NO: 20), and VQGEESNDK (SEQ ID NO: 21). The use of the lipopeptides for activating Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in cells is described.

Abstract: Described are specific-binding therapeutic and/or diagnostic proteins directed against Glypican-3 (GPC3), which proteins include muteins of a lipocalin protein, such as lipocalin 2 (Lcn2 or NGAL). The invention also relates to nucleic acid molecules encoding such proteins and to methods for generation and use of such proteins and nucleic acid molecules. Accordingly, the invention also is directed to pharmaceutical and/or diagnostic compositions comprising such lipocalin proteins, including uses of these proteins.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting, reducing, and/or treating pathological apoptosis and/or protein aggregation in a subject includes administering to the subject an amount of a therapeutic polypeptide effective to inhibit, reduce, and/or treat the pathological apoptosis and/or protein aggregation. The therapeutic polypeptide including at least one of acetylated ?A-crystallin, acetylated ?B-crystallin, acetylated fragments thereof having molecular chaperone activity, and/or polypeptide mimetics thereof that can inhibit pathological protein aggregation and/or pathological apoptosis.

Abstract: The subject invention provides novel soluble PD-1 (sPD-1) proteins, nucleic acids, and fusion constructs thereof, for enhancing humoral and cell-mediated immunity of a subject. Also provided are therapeutic compositions comprising the sPD-1 proteins, nucleic acids, and fusion constructs of the subject invention. In a preferred embodiment, the therapeutic composition is formulated as a vaccine composition. Advantageously, the sPD-1 proteins, nucleic acids, and therapeutic compositions provide protective immunity against pathogenic infection including HIV infection. In addition, the subject invention can be used in the prevention and/or treatment of tumor or cancer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of treating, ameliorating or inhibiting sirtuin-associated disorders and/or conditions in a subject in need thereof, by administering to the subject an effective amount of an ANXA1 peptide.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods comprising providing a tyrosine derivative and a solid particulate material (and, optionally, melanin) and applying force to said tyrosine derivative and said solid particulate material for a time and under conditions effective to impregnate at least one of said tyrosine derivative and said solid particulate material with the other of said tyrosine derivative and said solid particulate material. The invention also provides compositions comprising at least one of a tyrosine derivative impregnated with a solid particulate material and a solid particulate material impregnated with a tyrosine derivative.

Abstract: The use of lipopeptides as inducers of NF-?B for the protection of mammals from the effects of apoptosis is described.

Abstract: Described herein are methods, uses, and pharmaceutical compositions for treating heart disease that include a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP). In addition, described herein are methods, uses, and compositions for preventing or slowing fibrosis in diseased or injured tissue, and/or for preventing or slowing cell death in diseased or injured tissue.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of formula M-L-M? (where M and M? are each independently a monomeric moiety of Formula (I) and L is a linker). The dimeric compounds have been found to be effective in promoting apoptosis in rapidly dividing cells.

Abstract: The present invention provides immunosuppression compounds to inhibit the programmed cell death 1 (PD1) signalling pathway. The present invention further provides peptide based compositions for treatment of cancer or treatment of infections via immunopotentiation caused by inhibition of immunosuppressive signaling induced by PD-1, PD-L1, or PD-L2 and therapies using them, immunopotentiative substrates included as the active ingredient. Further, the invention provides an application of the compositions containing the peptide moieties for preventive and/or therapeutic agents for cancer, cancer metastasis, immunodeficiency, an infectious disease or the like and an application of peptide moieties as a testing or diagnostic agent or a research agent for such a disease.

Abstract: The use and screening of modulators of apoptosis is disclosed. The modulators may be, for example, modulator of NF-?B activity. The modulators may be used, for example, in the treatment of NF-?B-mediated diseases, conditions, and injuries.

Abstract: The present invention is based, in part, on the discovery that galectin-1 (Gal1) plays a role in viral-associated PTLD, e.g., EBV-associated PTLD and hypoxia associated angiogenesis disorders. Accordingly, the invention relates to compositions, kits, and methods for diagnosing, prognosing, monitoring, treating and modulating viral-associated PTLD, e.g., EBV-associated PTLD and hypoxia associated angiogenesis disorders.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods of treating various disorders associated with aberrant cell growth.

Abstract: The present invention provides a topical composition comprising (i) an amount of an AP-1 signaling inhibitor sufficient to reduce, delay or prevent apoptosis and/or necrosis induced by dermal wounding and/or to induce and/or enhance proliferation of a cell; and (ii) a suitable carrier or excipient e.g., a topical carrier or excipient or other carrier or excipient for dermal application. For example, the AP-1 signaling inhibitor is a peptide analog comprising the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 104. The present invention also provides a method of treating a dermal wound comprising topically administering said topical composition to a subject suffering from a dermal wound.

Abstract: The invention relates to a chimeric peptide construct comprising a cell penetrating peptide linked to a pro-apoptotic peptide, for use in treating a tumor in combination with an anti-tumor agent, preferably a chemotherapeutic agent.

Abstract: A therapeutic agent for treating an infectious or inflammatory disease, a pharmaceutical composition for treating an infectious or inflammatory disease, and a method of using a pharmaceutical composition are provided. The pharmaceutical composition includes a peptide ligand that binds with CXCR2 as an active component. The active component can be useful in preventing and treating infectious and/or inflammatory diseases, including sepsis and septic shock by promoting the removal of bacteria by phagocytosis, suppressing an inflammatory response, and suppressing the apoptosis of immune cells.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions and methods for the induction of cell death, for example, cancer cell death. Combinations of compounds and related methods of use are disclosed, including the use of compounds in therapy for the treatment of cancer and selective induction of apoptosis in cells. The disclosed drug combinations can have lower neurotoxicity effects than other compounds and combinations of compounds.

Abstract: The present invention provides an antagonist of a Bcl-2 pro survival protein containing a BH3-like domain. The antagonist of the invention comprises ARTS and any fragment or peptide that comprises a BH3-like domain. The invention further provides compositions, combined compositions and kits as well as methods for treating Bcl-2 over-expressing disorders.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of Formula I, IA, II, HA, III, or IHA and their pharmaceutical uses. Particular aspects of the invention relate to the use of those compounds for the selective inhibition of one or more caspases. Also described are methods where the compounds of Formula I, IA, II, IIA, III, or IIIA are used in the prevention and/or treatment of various diseases and conditions in subjects, including caspase-mediated diseases such as sepsis, myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, spinal cord injury (SCI), traumatic brain injury (TBI) and neurodegenerative disease (e.g. multiple sclerosis (MS) and Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's diseases).

Abstract: Provided herein are peptidomimetic macrocycles containing amino acid sequences with at least two modified amino acids that form an intramolecular cross-link that can help to stabilize a secondary structure of the amino acid sequence. Suitable sequences for stabilization include those with homology to the p53 protein. These sequences can bind to the MDM2 and/or MDMX proteins. Also provided herein are methods of using such macrocycles for the treatment of diseases and disorders, such as cancers or other disorders characterized by a low level or low activity of a p53 protein or high level of activity of a MDM2 and/or MDMX protein.

Abstract: The present invention is based, at least in part, on the identification of a novel active site on BCL-2 family polypeptide such as BAX, which when bound by a compound, modifies the activity of the BCL-2 family polypeptide.

Abstract: A method for predicting a subject's response to a TUSC2 therapy is provided. In particular, a subject's response is predicted based on the proportion of cancers cells that are apoptotic. Also provided is a method of treating a subject previously predicted to have a favorable response with a TUSC2 therapy. Methods for treating cancer by administration of a TUSC2 therapeutic in conjunction with an EGFR inhibitor and/or a protein kinase inhibitor are also disclosed. Kits and reagents for use in TUSC2 therapy are provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to TNFR2-TWEAKR fusion protein, more precisely to TNFR2-TWEAKR fusion protein acting as a double-antagonist to TNF-? and TWEAK, known as major causes of autoimmune arthritis which is one of autoimmune diseases. When the composition comprising TNFR2-TWEAKR fusion protein was treated to Th17 cells, the secretion of the inflammatory cytokine IL-17 was reduced but the secretion of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 generated in Treg cells was increased. Such effect of TNFR2-TWEAKR fusion protein was far greater than that of a single protein such as TNFR2-Fc or TWEAK-Fc. The TNFR2-TWEAKR fusion protein of the present invention has not only excellent treatment effect on arthritis in CIA mouse model not also excellent treatment effect on autoimmune rheumatoid arthritis by increasing the expression of Treg, the immune suppressive cells.

Abstract: An aspect of the invention provides a method of selectively necrosing cells, comprising: providing a plurality cells, including at least one cancer cell and at least one non-cancerous cell; and administering to the cells a compound, including an HDM-2 targeting component and a cytotoxic component attached to the HDM-2 targeting component, wherein said compound comprises a membrane-active form.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a anticancer composition comprising full length GRS protein or a fragment thereof, a nucleic acid encoding the GRS protein or a fragment thereof. Since the GRS proteins or fragments thereof have activity to induce apoptosis of cancer cell specifically, a composition comprising the GRS proteins or fragments thereof or a nucleic acid encoding thereof may be useful to treatment of cancer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to Death Receptor-6 (DR6) proteins which are members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family, and have now been shown to be important for regulating apoptosis in cells of the nervous system. In addition, it has been discovered that p75 is a ligand for DR6. As a result, this invention relates to methods for inhibiting the interaction of DR6 and p75 using DR6 and/or p75 antagonists. In addition, the methods described herein include methods of promoting survival of cells of the nervous system using DR6 antagonists, optionally in combination with p75 antagonists, and methods of treating neurodegenerative conditions by the administration of a DR6 antagonists, optionally in combination with a p75 antagonist.

Abstract: The present invention relates to kinase inhibiting compositions and uses thereof. The invention further provides isolated kinase inhibiting peptides and uses thereof for inhibiting hyperplasia, for inhibiting the growth of neoplasms, and for inducing programmed cell death in a cell population.

Abstract: The present invention relates to peptides capable of inhibiting cellular and immune stress responses in a eukaryotic cell. The invention provides compositions and methods for the treatment of human degenerative diseases and inflammation, utilizing these peptides.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to receptor-selective variants of the low-density lipoprotein receptor-associated protein (RAP) and compositions thereof, methods of generating such variants and methods of using such receptor-selective RAP variant compositions for therapeutic purposes. The invention also relates to antibodies that bind to one or a small subset of CR-containing proteins.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are described enhancing bone density or formation, including for stabilizing bone grafts, bone repair, joint replacement, and cartilage repair that includes providing a composition including Del-1 locally to a site for enhancing bone density or formation, or to a culture or chondrocytes or multipotent chondrocyte precursor cells, whereby survival or differentiation of chondrocytes at the site is enhanced, thereby ultimately enhancing bone density or formation. Methods and compositions for stimulating hair regrowth are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention is related to the tripeptide (I)Lys-(d)Pro-(I)Thr (KdPT) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof for therapeutic, prophylactic therapeutic or cosmetic treatment of a disease with increased apoptosis, wherein the treatment has an anti-apoptotic effect. The present invention is also related to the use of KdPT or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof for the manufacture of a pharmaceutical or cosmetic composition for an anti-apoptotic treatment of disorders that are related with increased apoptosis.

Abstract: A Smac mimetic therapy wherein the Smac mimetic is selected and developed based at least in part on its poor inhibition of XIAP-dependent processes.

Abstract: Nanoparticles include a core and one or more targeting moieties, as well as one or more contrast agents or one or more therapeutic agents. The contrast agents or therapeutic agents may be contained or embedded within the core. If the nanoparticle includes therapeutic agents, the agents are preferably released from the core at a desired rate. The core may be biodegradable and may release the agents as the core is degraded or eroded. The targeting moieties preferably extend outwardly from the core so that they are available for interaction with cellular components, which interactions will target the nanoparticles to the appropriate cells, such as apoptotic cells; organelles, such as mitochondria; or the like. The targeting moieties may be tethered to the core or components that interact with the core.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel Motoneuronotrophic Factors (MNTF) peptides and analogs thereof, including compositions capable of promoting the growth and viability of neurons. MNTF peptides between two and six amino acids in length are provided, as well as analogs of these MNTF peptides that are modified by covalent attachment to another moiety. Other embodiments are described herein.

Abstract: The present technology provides methods and compositions for the treatment of inflammatory and/or tissue damage conditions. In particular, the use of Smad7 compositions delivered locally or systemically to a site of inflammation and/or tissue damage is described. Other specific embodiments concern treatment or prevention of side effects caused by radiation and/or chemotherapy, including but not limited to oral and gastric mucositis. Also provided are codon-optimized nucleic acids encoding for Smad7 fusion proteins.

Abstract: The present invention demonstrates that P2X7 receptor induced apoptosis may be specific for cancerous cells. Treatment with the P2X7 ligand BzATP, increased cellular apoptosis with no associated inflammatory changes or abnormal skin or systemic effects. In mice treated with DMBA/TPA, BzATP decreased papilloma skin formation. BzATP also induced involution of developed papillomas and stimulated apoptosis in keratinocytes outgrowing at the base of developed papillomas. These data show that (a) P2X7 regulates apoptosis of epidermal cells; (b) in vivo, local administration of a drug that activates the P2X7 receptor can inhibit development and progression of epidermal premalignant lesions.

Abstract: The invention provides novel compounds that are inhibitors of IAPs having the general formula: wherein X1, X2, X3, Y, A, R1, R2, R3, R4, R4?, R5, R5?, R6 and R6? are as described herein. The compouds of the invention may be used to induce apoptosis in cells (or sensitise cells to apoptosis) in which IAPs are overexpressed or otherwise implicated in resistance to normal apoptotic processes. Accordingly, the compounds may be provided in pharmaceutically acceptable compositions and used for the treatment cancers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to peptide-mimetic compounds, the synthesis and use thereof fort he inhibition of proteasomes and the induction of apoptosis in tumor cells. The present invention furthermore relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds and the use of the compounds for a treatment of diseases, in particular cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.

Abstract: Isolated monomelic aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase polypeptides and polynucleotides having non-canonical biological activities are provided, as well as compositions and methods related thereto.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods to prevent photoreceptor death. In particular, the present invention provides peptides which prevent FAS-mediated photoreceptor apoptosis.

Abstract: Administration of compositions comprising cell-permeable caPCNA-derived peptides and their variants reduces the proliferation of cancer cells and also augments cytotoxic effects of chemotherapeutics. The compositions are effective in cells harboring mutations in DNA repair proteins.

Abstract: Compositions and pharmaceutical compositions including one or more selenium-containing COX-2 inhibitors are provided according to aspects of the present invention. Methods of treating a subject having or suspected of having cancer are provided according to aspects of the present invention which include administering a therapeutically effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition including a selenium-containing COX-2 inhibitor.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compositions and methods for treating immune system mediated disease. In particular, certain embodiments of the present invention use BH3 mimetic therapy as an efficacious treatment of the effector phase of RA wherein the compositions and methods of the present invention markedly reduce the level of the Bcl-2 antagonist protein Bim present in RA synovial tissue as compared to control patients. Therefore, the present invention involves restoring the function of Bim in order to ameliorate inflammatory arthritis. In connection therewith, systemic delivery of a peptide to the BH3 domain of Bim effectively inhibits the development of K/B×N serum transfer-induced arthritis which closely resembles the effector phase of RA.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods, pharmaceutical compositions and kits for use in the treatment of Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. More particularly, the present invention relates to a combination of an interferon, an arsenic compound and a reverse transcriptase inhibitor for the treatment of Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma.

Abstract: The described invention relates to the use of the TAT-BH4 peptide for treating or preventing the progression of ALS. The methods include, postponing the appearance of symptoms and improving motor performance and survival in ALS. Methods are also provided, wherein the TAT-BH4 peptide is in a composition further comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.

Abstract: The present invention relates to USP47 (ubiquitin specific protease 47) inhibitors and methods for inducing apoptosis or cell death in a target cell. In certain embodiments, the invention relates to methods and kits to screen for related agents that induce apoptosis. Additionally, the invention relates to assays for screening compounds capable of acting as USP47 inhibitors.

Abstract: Disclosed is an isomer, enantiomer, diastereoisomer or tautomer of a compound represented by Formula I or II or a salt thereof, in which R1, R2, R3, R100, R200, R300, A, A1, BG, Q and Q1 are substituents described herein. Also disclosed is the use of compounds of Formula I and II to treat proliferative disorders such as cancer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a therapeutic composition, and method of use thereof, for improving bone mass, rigidity, or strength, or preventing and treating bone loss via modulation of the RANK signaling pathway. The therapeutic composition of the present invention comprises a RYBP peptide, or fragments thereof, that specifically interact with a motif of RANK to regulate osteoclastogenesis. The present invention further provides a composition, and method of use thereof, comprising a modulator that is capable of modulating the RYBP-RANK interaction, or modulating an effector in the RANK signaling pathway through the RYBP-RANK interaction.

Abstract: Cytotoxic factors having use in modulating cell death, and their use in methods of treating necrosis or apoptosis-related conditions are disclosed. The invention also relates to methods for identifying active agents useful in treating conditions related to cell death or uncontrolled growth. The present inventors have found that different microorganisms produce different cytotoxic factor(s) having anticancer activity. The substantially pure cytotoxic factors can be used in a method of treating an infectious disease or a cancer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the combinatorial use of an siRNA targeted against an endogenous gene to knock out or knock down expression of the endogenous gene in a host and a delivery of a polynucleotide encoding the gene in a delivery vehicle/expression vector to the host to provide expression in the host of the protein encoded by the polynucleotide. The present invention also relates to a truncated form of eIF-5A1 that is useful for inducing apoptosis and killing of cells, especially cancer cells in a mammal.