Abstract: A system, a composition, a method and a kit for identifying anti-bacterial agents are provided. The invention described herein is useful in identifying inhibitors of any bacterial stress response. Moreover, the invention can be applied to any sRNA and its target, any transcription factor and its target, and any transcription factor/sRNA pair (i.e., a transcription factor that regulates a sRNA). In particular, the present invention provides a system, a composition, a method and a kit for the identification of cyclic peptides that block the ?E pathway in Escherichia coli.

Abstract: Provided herein is a method for treating a tracheo-bronchial-alveolar tract disease in a subject in need thereof, the method comprising the step of administering to a subject in need of such treatment a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of ascorbate or a derivative thereof. Also provided is a method for treating non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in a subject in need thereof, the method comprising the step of administering to the subject in need of such treatment a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of ascorbate or a derivative thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polymyxin derivative wherein the derivative has a total of three positive charges at physiological pH and wherein the terminal moiety (D) of the derivative comprises a total of 1 to 5 carbon atoms; and to a combination product comprising at least two such derivatives. The invention further relates to a method for sensitizing Gram-negative bacteria to an antibacterial agent by administering, simultaneously or sequentially in any order a therapeutically effective amount of said antibacterial agent and a derivative according to the present invention to said subject; to methods for developing novel antibiotics; and for sensitizing clinically important bacteria to a host defense mechanism complement present in serum. The invention also relates to a method of treating a subject for a gram-negative bacterial infection by administering a polymyxin derivative of the invention in combination with a second antibacterial agent.

Abstract: Compounds for modulating RecA protein activity are provided. In some embodiments, the compounds modulate RecA activity by interfering with assembly of monomeric RecA protein subunits into a nucleoprotein filament. In some embodiments, the compounds modulate RecA activity by interfering with adenosine triphosphate hydrolysis by the RecA protein. In some embodiments, the compound is a N6-modified adenosine compound. Methods of screening for and methods of using the compounds are also provided.

Abstract: Semi-synthetic glycopeptides having antibacterial activity are described, in particular, the semi-synthetic glycopeptides described herein are made by chemical modification of a glycopeptide (Compound A, Compound B, Compound H or Compound C) or monosaccharide made by hydrolyzing the disaccharide moiety of the amino acid-4 of the parent glycopeptide in acidic medium to give the amino acid-4 monosaccharide; conversion of the monosaccharide to the amino-sugar derivative; acylation of the amino substituent on the amino acid-4 amino-substituted sugar moiety on these scaffolds with certain acyl groups; and conversion of the acid moiety on the macrocyclic ring of these scaffolds to certain substituted amides. Key reaction is the treatment of properly protected intermediate compound with isocyanate or carrying a Hofmann degradation of the primary amide of the 3rd amino acid asparagines with phenyl-bis-trifluoroacetate to give the primary amine.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel antibiotic compounds, pharmaceutically acceptable salts and derivatives thereof, and to methods for obtaining such compounds.

Abstract: A method for the treatment or prophylaxis of a microbial infection of the lower intestine or colon in a subject is described, wherein the method comprises administration to the subject of a type-B lantibiotic, wherein the type-B lantibiotic may include compounds selected from the group consisting of mersacidin, actagardine, plantaricin, planosporicin, ruminococcin, antibiotic 10789, michiganin and haloduracin, and derivatives and variants thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to monomeric and multimeric peptidic compounds which have antipathogenic, in particular antiviral or/and antibacterial activity. In a preferred aspect, the peptide compounds of the invention have an activity in respect of a broad spectrum of viruses, both DNA and RNA viruses, irrespective of whether they possess virus envelope or not. Further, the present invention refers to compositions comprising said peptidic compounds for medical use, i.e. for the treatment or prevention of pathogenic, in particular viral or/and bacterial infections.

Abstract: An antimicrobial composition, including a synergistic combination of three or more agents as an active ingredient. Each of the three or more potentiating agents can be selected from the following types of compounds: sequestering agents, carbohydrates and carbohydrate derivatives, terpenes/terpenoids, amines and amine derivatives, plant-derived oils, sulfonates, phenols, fatty acids, dibenzofuran derivatives, organo isothiocyanates, quaternary ammonium compounds, peroxides and peroxide donors, and macrolide polyenes. At least two of the three or more potentiating agents are not of the same type of compound. The antimicrobial composition can have strong antimicrobial efficacy in control of microorganisms having resistance to currently used antimicrobials.

Abstract: A novel pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula (I) is disclosed. The novel compound can include a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The invention further comprises methods for making compounds of formula (I) using Dbv29, and to the use of compound of formula (I) to treat bacterial infections.

Abstract: The present invention provides polyphenolic compositions derived from a plant that inhibit the formation of a biofilm. Also provided are combinations that comprise at least one phenolic phytochemical and at least one antimicrobial agent that inhibit the growth of an established biofilm. Further, the present invention provides methods for inhibiting the formation and growth of biofilms.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel amide derivatives of the lantibiotic 97518 and their uses. In particular, the present invention describes novel compounds having general formula (II) and their use as antibiotic.

Abstract: The current invention discloses drug formulations of anti-infective mangrove extracts and their ability to block the reproductive capabilities of viruses, funguses, bacteria and tumors. Mangrove extracts can be ingested internally to prevent the proliferation of viruses, funguses, bacteria and tumors in humans and other animals; or the mangrove extracts can be applied directly to the skin, in the form of a disinfectant hand gel, to fight microbial infection.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods of treating a bacterial infection in a subject through the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of a glycopeptide antibiotic to a subject having a bacterial infection. The effective amount of the glycopeptide antibiotic that is administered to the subject provides a fraction of the glycopeptide antibiotic administered to the subject bound to serum proteins within the subject and within a selected range.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of formula (I), which are of use in the treatment of bacterial diseases and infections, to compositions containing those compounds and to methods of treating bacterial diseases and infections using the compounds. In particular, the compounds are useful for the treatment of infection with, and diseases caused by, Clostridium difficile.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are antimicrobial compositions containing one or more antimicrobial peptides having been expressed in chloroplasts. Exemplified herein are the expression and use of retrocylin and protegrin. Disclosed herein are methods of engineering chloroplasts to express such antimicrobial peptides such that they are properly processed and active. Plants containing such chloroplasts are disclosed as well. The chloroplast expressed peptides are useful to delay, prevent or treat viral and bacterial infections.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing a peptide having a stable, internally constrained alpha-helical, beta-sheet/beta-turn, 310-helical, or pi-helical region and a method of stabilizing an alpha-helical, beta-sheet/beta-turn, 310-helical, or pi-helical region within a peptide structure. The resulting peptides and methods of using them are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of controlling microorganisms such as lactobacilli metabolism in mash in an ethanol production facility includes adding to the mash an effective amount to control such microorganisms of one or more of a substantially water insoluble pristinamycin-type antimicrobial agent, a substantially water insoluble polyether ionophore antimicrobial agent, or both, wherein the term “substantially water insoluble” means the antimicrobial agent has a solubility in pure water at 20° C. of 0.

Abstract: Disclosed is an antimicrobial peptide having an amino acid sequence of formula presented as (P1)M(nA1X1X2)N(P2)X, wherein P1 is selected from the group consisting of basic amino acids including Arg and Lys; A1 is selected from the group consisting of aromatic amino acids including Trp, Phe and Ala; X1 is selected from the group consisting of basic amino acids or nonpolar amino acids, including Arg, Lys, Val, Leu, Ala and Ile; X2 is selected from the group consisting of basic amino acids or nonpolar amino acids, including Arg, Lys, Val, Leu, Ala and Ile; P2 is selected from the group consisting of basic amino acids including Arg and Lys; and the numbers of M and X are respectively 0˜2; when N>2, A1 is Ala and the Ala residues are less than N?2.

Abstract: The present invention provides for methods of preventing IBS, preventing long term irregular bowel pattern, reducing the likelihood of developing or having IBS, reducing the likelihood of developing or having long term irregular bowel pattern, mitigating IBS, mitigating long term irregular bowel pattern and reducing the likelihood of developing non-ulcer dyspepsia. The methods comprise providing an antibiotic and administering the antibiotic to a subject in need thereof.

Abstract: Inhibitors of the tmRNA pathway have antibacterial activity with broad species specificity, including B. anthracis and other pathogens of military and civilian interest. Identified cyclic or linear peptides are further selected by in vivo selection methods, kill bacterial pathogens when added exogenously, and/or eliminate plasmids carrying antibiotic resistance or virulence genes. The molecular target of each cyclic peptide is in the tmRNA pathway and the tmRNA pathway is inhibited in vitro and in vivo by the addition of the peptides.

Abstract: New Bacillus licheniformis strain named V9T14 that produces a new biosurfactant composition that is effective against colonization and/or bio film formation from bacteria. The new biosurfactant composition can be used in combination with biocides for preventing formation and/or for eradicating bacteria grown planktonically and/or as a biofilm, preferably on biotic and/or abiotic surfaces.

Abstract: There is described a composition comprising a therapeutically active imidazole, and derivatives thereof, and an agent active on a bacterial cell surface selected from the group consisting of one or more of colistin, nisin, D-cycloserine, fosfomycin, fosfomycin trometamol, fosfomycin disodium and polymixin B, and derivatives thereof.

Abstract: The invention describes a pharmaceutical composition to combat multiple-drug-resistant bacteria in non-ocular infective conditions. Compositions comprising glycopeptides, in particular vancomycin, and cephalosporins, in particular ceftriaxone, are disclosed. Such compositions are found to be useful for parenteral administration for hospitalized patients with serious infections. Specifically, this invention also discloses a pharmaceutical composition further including an excipient such as CVMC agent and is available in dry powder form for reconstitution before injection with a suitable solvent. The pharmaceutical compositions of this invention have been found normally to enhance resistance to precipitation in solutions to be administered parenterally. The invention also gives details of the dosage forms stored in sealed containers to be reconstituted before use.

Abstract: The present invention includes methods of treatment and compositions for treating diseases related to the activity of a histone deacetylase in a subject by administering to the subject an effective amount of a modified FK228 compound comprising an amino acid conjugate which constitutes an amino thiol, a hydroxy thiol, a dithiol, or a hydroxamic acid, instead of a hydroxy-mercapto-heptenoic acid moiety in FK228.

Abstract: The present invention pertains generally to the field of therapeutic compounds, and more specifically to certain lipopeptide compounds comprising a cyclic peptide bearing a lipid side chain (for convenience, collectively referred to herein as “LP compounds”), which, inter alia, are antimicrobial, particularly antibacterial. The present invention also pertains to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds, and the use of such compounds and compositions, both in vitro and in vivo, to provide an antimicrobial function, particularly an antibacterial function, and in the treatment of diseases and conditions that are mediated by microbes, particularly bacteria, that are ameliorated by the antimicrobial function, particularly an antibacterial function, including bacterial diseases, optionally in combination with another agent, for example, another antibacterial agent.

Abstract: A tissue adhesive including cyanoacrylate and polyethylene glycol (PEG), wherein the PEG remains a polyether and wherein the tissue adhesive is bioabsorbable. A tissue adhesive including cyanoacrylate bulk monomer and cyanoacrylate nanoparticles containing a therapeutic therein. A kit for applying a tissue adhesive, including the tissue adhesive described above and an applicator. Methods of accelerating degradation of a cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive applying a tissue adhesive, closing an internal wound, administering a therapeutic to tissue, treating cancer, and preventing infection in a wound. Methods of method of making a bioabsorbable tissue adhesive and making a therapeutic tissue adhesive.

Abstract: Compositions that include antimicrobial agents and biodegradable delivery-vehicles adapted to enter a cell and release the antimicrobial agents in the cell as they biodegrade. Also provided are compositions that include first and second delivery vehicles including first and second antimicrobial agents, wherein the first delivery vehicles are adapted to release the first antimicrobial agents at a rate that differs from that at which the second delivery vehicles release the second antimicrobial agents, articles of manufacture that include one or more biodegradable delivery vehicles, and methods of making and using the compositions to treat intracellular and/or extracellular infections are disclosed.

Abstract: Macrocyclic compounds of the formula in which R1, R3, V1, V2, X1, X2, Y, Z, Ar, AA and n are as defined in the specification, the number of ring atoms included in the macrocyclic ring being 14, 15, 16, 17 or 18, in free base form or in acid addition salt form, to their preparation, to their use as medicaments and to medicaments comprising them are presented.

Abstract: The invention discloses highly purified daptomycin and to pharmaceutical compositions comprising this compound. The invention discloses a method of purifying daptomycin comprising the sequential steps of anion exchange chromatography, hydrophobic interaction chromatography and anion exchange chromatography. The invention also discloses a method of purifying daptomycin by modified buffer enhanced anion exchange chromatography. The invention also discloses an improved method for producing daptomycin by fermentation of Streptomyces roseosporus. The invention also discloses high pressure liquid chromatography methods for analysis of daptomycin purity. The invention also discloses lipopeptide micelles and methods of making the micelles. The invention also discloses methods of using lipopeptide micelles for purifying lipopeptide antibiotics, such as daptomycin. The invention also discloses using lipopeptide micelles therapeutically.

Abstract: Template-fixed ?-hairpin mimetics and libraries including a plurality of these mimetics are provided. The template-fixed ?-hairpin mimetics are of the following general formula: R1-Cys-Z-Cys-R2??(I) wherein the two cysteine residues are bridged by a disulfide bond, thereby forming a cyclic peptide; R1 and R2 are di- or tripeptide moieties of certain types, as defined herein; and Z is a chain of n amino acid residues with n being an integer from 4 to 20 and with each of these n amino acid residues being, independently, derived from any naturally occurring L-?-amino acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of treating tuberculosis, including multi-drug resistant varieties and latent tuberculosis. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method of treating tuberculosis in a mammal comprising administering to said mammal in need thereof an effective amount of a compound of formula (I), (S)—N-[[3-[3-fluoro-4-(4-thiomorpholinyl)phenyl]-2-oxo-5-oxazolidinyl]methyl]acetamide, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in combination with at least two agents useful in the treatment of tuberculosis. The present invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, (ii) a therapeutically effective amount of at least one agent useful in the treatment of tuberculosis and (iii) one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or vehicles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to phosphonated Rifamycins, and methods of making and using such compounds. These compounds are useful as antibiotics for prophylaxis and/or the treatment of bone and joint infections, especially for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of osteomyelitis.

Abstract: Glycans are identified which have high affinity for C. difficile toxin A. They share one of two saccharide backbones and may have additional side chains. The backbones are galactose-? 1-3 N-acetyl-D-glucosamine-?-1-3-galactose-?-1-4-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and galactose-?-1-3-galactose-?-1-4-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. The ligands may be used therapeutically, prophylactically, and diagnostically.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved culture medium and method for the enhanced growth and detection of Mycobacterium growth. The invention further relates to an improved mycobacterial reagent system or kit that can be used for the enhanced growth and detection of Mycobacterium.

Abstract: A novel maintenance therapy regime/regimen for the treatment of acne related diseases includes administering an oral antibiotic with a topical fixed-dose combination of a retinoid, such as adapalene, and an anti-bacterial agent, such as benzoyl peroxide.

Abstract: Long term storage stable daptomycin-containing compositions are disclosed. The compositions include a pharmacologically acceptable fluid including daptomycin or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof at a concentration of less than or equal to about 25 mg/mL, and a calcium source. The formulations are surprisingly free of degradation products such as the hydrolysis product of daptomycin, the ?-isomer of daptomycin and anhydro daptomycin after storage periods of at least about 18 months under refrigerated conditions.

Abstract: There is provided an anti-microbial composition comprising a cationic peptide and a glycineglycine endopeptidase. The composition has been found to be synergistic against bacteria, especially Gram positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus MSSA or MRSA. In one embodiment the composition comprises ranalexin, dermaseptin, magainin or mixtures thereof together with lysostaphin. The composition is useful for treating surfaces, including a wound surface in a patient or surfaces of an object (e.g. surgical instrument) or room.

Abstract: This invention is directed to methods of administering an echinocandin antifungal agent in combination with a glycopeptide antibacterial agent having a substituent comprising at least about 8 carbon atoms. The invention is also directed to methods of using an echinocandin antifungal agent in combination with a specified glycopeptide antibacterial agent to treat fungal infections; and to compositions, kits and systems comprising an echinocandin antifungal agent and a specified glycopeptide antibacterial agent.

Abstract: Natural antimicrobials for foods, such as salad dressings and dairy products to target a broad spectrum of food emulsion spoilage microorganisms such as lactic acid bacteria and fungi such as general yeast and even acid-tolerant yeast (such as Zygosaccharomyces bailii). The formulations include at least a combination of a nisin or a nisin containing ingredient and an organic acid and/or its salt. Formulations can include cultured antibacterials that produce nisin and can be combined with organic acids/salts of, for example, acetic acid and Na-Acetate or Ca-Acetate. One formulation where broad spectrum spoilage inhibition is achieved includes nisin or a nisin containing cultured ingredient and 3 percent Ca-Acetate.

Abstract: A biodegradable composition containing an antibiotic or a physiologically active substance for use in surgical treatment of infection. A highly safe and biocompatible composition showing appropriately sustained release of an antibiotic or physiologically active substance which produces excellent antibiotic and bone regenerating effects. A composition having excellent effects in treatment of bone infection occurring after operations for total arthroplasty and/or bone fracture. (1) A medical composition for treatment of bone infection comprising an antibiotic and a polysaccharide.

Abstract: A device that includes a scaffold composition and a bioactive composition with the bioactive composition being incorporated therein or thereon, or diffusing from the scaffold composition such that the scaffold composition and/or a bioactive composition captures and eliminates undesirable cells from the body a mammalian subject. The devices mediate active recruitment, sequestration, and removal or elimination of undesirable cells from their host.

Abstract: Compliant liquid-free cleaning compositions and methods for using the same are provided. A composition that is pliable and putty-like that can be rolled and pressed onto dirt to clean the dirt off of a surface is provided. The composition can be used on hands, household surfaces, countertops, or any item displaying dirt. The invention eliminates the need for using water-based or other liquid cleansers.

Abstract: Cyclic peptides having a random alternation of L-?-aminoacyl residues and aza-?3-aminoacyl residues and their uses.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of peptide compounds for the prevention and/or treatment of a bacterial infection.

Abstract: The invention relates to cyclic peptides and methods for producing and using them. Provided is amongst others a method for determining whether a compound comprises antibiotic activity, the method comprising providing a cyclic peptide to a bacterium wherein a 23S rRNA in a 5OS ribosomal subunit does not comprises a 2? O-methylation at a nucleotide that corresponds to nucleotide C 1920 in E. coli and determining whether said compound inhibits growth of said first bacterium.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition comprising (a) an antimicrobial compound of the formula (I) wherein R1 is a fatty acid chain; R2 is a linear or branched alkyl residue having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms; n is an integer from 0 to 10; X? is selected from Br?, I?, Cl? and HSO4; (b) an antimicrobial material selected from lanthionine bacteriocins, tea [Camellia sinensis] extract, hop [Humulus lupulus L.] extract, grape skin extract, grape seed extract, Uva Ursi extract and combinations thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to immobilized biologically active entities that retain significant biological activity following sterilization of the immobilized biologically active entities.

Abstract: The present invention provides actagardine, actagradine B and deoxy actagardine B derivatives of formula (I), wherein: X1 denotes that the residue is Leu; Val; or Ile; X2 denotes that the residue is Leu; Val; or Ile; R1 represents an alkyl or heteroalkyl group, substituted by at least one hydroxyl substituent, and R2 represents hydrogen, or an alkyl or heteroalkyl group, optionally substituted by at least one hydroxyl substituent, or R1 and R2 taken together with the nitrogen atom represent a heterocyclic group having at least one hydroxyl substituent, wherein the heterocyclic group optionally further contains one or more heteroatoms; Z is an amino acid residue, —NR3R4, —NR5COR6, —NR5C(O)OR6; —NR5SOR6, NR5SO2R6; —NR5C(S)NR6R7, —NR5C(NR8)NR6R7, or —N?R9, where R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8 and R9 are independently hydrogen, or a group, optionally substituted, selected from alkyl, heteroalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl and heteroaralkyl, with the proviso that R9 is not hydrogen; and Y is —S— or —S(O)—.

Abstract: Antimicrobial compositions for oral delivery, and administration to the colon, distal ileum, or other portion of the gastrointestinal tract other than the stomach, of bacteriophage, phage proteins, antimicrobial peptides, or antimicrobial aptamers, are disclosed. In one embodiment, the active agent is capable of lysing the bacterial cell wall. In another embodiment, the active agent is capable of interacting with a receptor or enzyme in the bacteria. In some embodiments, the active agents selectively act on one or more harmful bacteria, such as Clostridium difficile, and either do not act, or act to a lesser extent, on helpful bacteria, such as bifidobacteria. When the agents are not delivered directly to the colon, they active agents ultimately enter the colon and affect the bacteria that are present in the colon.