Abstract: Provided are methods for aiding in diagnosing autoimmune diseases in a mammal, comprising contacting a biological sample that is not a tear sample from the mammal with an antibody that specifically binds to a first polypeptide selected from the group Ctss, Ctsh, Ctsr, Ctsw, Ctsz, Ifng, IL-6ra, IL-10, IL-10ra, IL-15, Tnfa, Apo-F, or Lcn-2 or a second polypeptide selected from the group lactoperoxidase, lactoferrin or lysozyme under conditions favoring the formation of an antibody-polypeptide complex, and determining the amount of complex formed, wherein an increased formation of antibody-first-polypeptide complex or a decreased formation of antibody-second-polypeptide complex as compared to a suitable control, indicates a likely positive diagnosis of an autoimmune disease for the mammal, thereby aiding in the diagnosis. Methods of treating the autoimmune diseases are also provided.

Abstract: A preparation method of drug loaded emulsion is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of: preparing a non-self emulsifying O/W blank emulsion having no active ingredients; then, adding therapeutically effective amount of active ingredients to the 0/W blank emulsion, adjusting pH to distribute the active ingredients through the membrane to obtain the desired emulsion.

Abstract: Provided are methods for aiding in diagnosing autoimmune diseases in a mammal, comprising contacting a sample of tear from the mammal with an antibody that specifically binds to a first polypeptide selected from the group Ctss, Ctsh, Ctsr, Ctsw, Ctsz, Ifng, Il16ra, Il10, Il10ra, Il15, Tnfa, Apo-F, or Lcn-2 or a second polypeptide selected from the group lactoperoxidase, lactoferrin or lysozyme under conditions favoring the formation of an antibody-polypeptide complex, and determining the amount of complex formed, wherein an increased formation of antibody-first-polypeptide complex or a decreased formation of antibody-second-polypeptide complex as compared to a suitable control, indicates a likely positive diagnosis of an autoimmune disease for the mammal, thereby aiding in the diagnosis. Methods of treating the autoimmune diseases are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of treating viral induced tumor or viral infections, including administering a compound described in the invention in a therapeutically effective amount. According to some aspect of the present invention, the methods may further comprise at least one immunosuppressant agent to treat viral infection and/or viral induced tumor to a subject in need of immunosuppressant agents.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of treating gastrointestinal motility disorders by targeting the dopamine 3 receptor (D3R). A D3R agonist is administered to a subject to decrease gastrointestinal motility to treat the disorder. A D3R antagonist is administered to a subject to decrease gastrointestinal motility to treat the disorder.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method comprising administering cyclosporin A topically to an eye of a person for the purpose of treating or preventing loss of vision from keratoconus.

Abstract: A conjugate which comprises a cyclosporin moiety of formula (I) linked to one or more mitochondrial targeting groups, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: wherein: A represents or, B represents methyl or ethyl, one Of R1 and R1 represents hydrogen and the other represents methyl, R2 represents ethyl or isopropyl, R3 represents hydrogen or methyl, and R4 represents —CH2CH(CH3)CH3, —CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH3, —CH(CH3)CH3 or —CH(CH3)CH2CH3.

Abstract: Use of topically applied cyclosporine to enhance corneal sensitivity restoration rate in an eye of an individual after ocular surgery such as laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) in which nerves are severed.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel compounds that are deuterated derivatives of fingolimod and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. This invention also provides compositions comprising one or more compounds of this invention and a carrier and the use of the disclosed compounds and compositions in methods of treating diseases and conditions that are beneficially treated by administering a lysophospholipid edg1 (S1P1) receptor agonist, such as fingolimod.

Abstract: A composition comprises a water-soluble polymer matrix in which are dispersed droplets of oil, the composition comprising an active principle. The invention includes embodiments in which the active principle is included in at least some of the oil droplets as well as embodiments in which the oil droplets are free of active principle. The oil droplets are released as the matrix containing them dissolves in an aqueous medium. In one embodiment, the oil droplets are substantially immobilized in or by the matrix and the immobilizing feature is lost as the matrix dissolves in aqueous media. In certain embodiments, the oil drops may collectively be referred to as the oil phase of the composition of the invention. The product may be in the form of mini-beads. The oil phase and/or the polymer matrix may each include a surfactant.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are novel analogs of cyclosporin, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, and methods for their use in the treatment of dry eye and other conditions.

Abstract: Stable solutions of lipophilic drugs, such as cyclosporin, forming a polar lipid self-emulsifying drug delivery system. The solutions can include lipophilic drugs, such as cyclosporin, dissolved in a polar lipid, such as having a C6-C12 fatty acid monoglyceride content of at least about 50%, surfactants and triglycerides. The composition forms a fine emulsion on exposure to water. The encapsulated dosage form of this composition needs neither a hydrophilic component nor air-tight blister packaging, and is particularly suitable for oral administration.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for treatment of ocular diseases. The methods comprise administering a compound of general Formula (I): wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 and Ak are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compositions and methods comprising the use of bimatoprost and cyclosporine, used concurrently and in combination, to grow hair and for the treatment of all types of hair loss conditions such as but not limited to alopecia areata. The present invention is also directed to compositions containing bimatoprost and cyclosporine A to grow hair on the scalp and other areas of the body and methods of administration of the compositions.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions and methods for sensitizing multi-drug resistant cancer or radiation resistant cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents are provided. Compositions include ligands of hyaluronan receptors, including glycosaminoglycans such as hyaluronan oligomers and derivatives of these oligomers, hyaluronan binding proteins, antibodies specific for hyaluronan receptors, hyaluronan mimetics, inhibitors of hyaluronan synthesis, and stimulators of hyaluronan degradation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound of the formula: wherein R1, R2, R3, R5, R6 and R8 are each independently a member selected from the group consisting of H, C1-6 alkyl and OH; R4, R7 and R9 are each independently selected from the group consisting of C1-6 alkoxy and OH; R10 is a member selected from the group consisting of H, —OH, —OP(O)Me2, —O—(CH2)n—OH and —O—(CH2)m—O—(CH2)o—CH3, wherein subscripts n and m are each independently from 2 to 8 and subscript o is from 1 to 6; each of L1 and L4 are independently selected from the group consisting of: each of L2 and L3 are independently selected from the group consisting of: and salts, hydrates, isomers, metabolites and prodrugs thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are stable oil-in-water emulsion ophthalmic topical liquid compositions having an average particle size less than 1 ?m including at least one plant-derived oil other than castor oil wherein the oil comprises only aliphatic side chains free of polar pendent groups. The oil-in-water emulsion ophthalmic topical liquid compositions also include a hydrophilic surfactant having an HLB value between approximately 10 and 14, a vegetable oil-derived hydrophobic non-co-block surfactant having unsaturated side chains that contain less than four oxygen atoms having an HLB value between approximately 4 and 6 and is a liquid at room temperature. The oil-in-water emulsion ophthalmic topical liquid compositions disclosed herein can further include an amount of cyclosporine A or polyphenol in an amount effective to relieve dry eye symptoms.

Abstract: The present invention relates biomedically useful compositions containing bioactive agents and biodegradable carbohydrate polyethers that exhibit reverse thermogelation properties in aqueous media. The microstructure structure and properties of the carbohydrate polyethers can be conveniently controlled with respect to functionality, molecular weight, polydispersity index, microstructure and tertiary structure, they can be customized for use in a variety of biomedical applications including drug delivery, cell delivery, surgical procedures and the like.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are novel analogs of cyclosporin, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, and methods for their use in the treatment of dry eye and other conditions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a nanodispersion comprising nanoparticles having a mean size less than 300 nm dispersed in a vehicle comprising a water miscible solvent and water, said nanoparticles comprising one or more drugs, a polymer and a surfactant comprising a mixture of fatty acids or its salts and sterol or its derivatives or its salts.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a biopolymer-modified nanocarrier in which chitosan is bound to a water-soluble biocompatible polymer that has been crosslinked via a photo-crosslinkable functional group; wherein the chitosan-modified nanocarrier has a diameter which changes in accordance with changes in temperature, has enhanced skin permeability or cellular uptake and selective delivery to cancer tissue as compared with a bare nanocarrier to which chitosan has not been bound, and exhibits characteristics that are advantageous in photothermal therapy. The chitosan-modified nanocarrier of the present invention exhibits highly superior efficacy as a transdermal carrier, since the skin permeability is enhanced to a significant level as compared with a bare nanocarrier that has no chitosan.

Abstract: The invention features methods, kits, and compositions for the treatment of ophthalmic disorders. The compositions include a corticosteroid in combination with a non-steroidal immunophilin-dependent immunosuppressant.

Abstract: Compositions which modulate mitochondrial functions treat diseases associated with cells that are hyperactively using their endoplasmic reticulum. Screening assays identify agents which modulate mitochondrial functions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the management of vaginal health. In particular, the present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions, and methods of use thereof, for treating diseases associated with compromised boundary lubrication at the vaginal epithelium.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for diagnosing rejection in a transplanted subject, monitoring rejection in a transplanted subject at risk thereof, preventing, inhibiting, reducing or treating rejection in a transplanted subject, or identifying agents for use in the prevention, inhibition, reduction or treatment of rejection, based on genes which are differentially expressed in transplanted subjects.

Abstract: Described herein are topical formulations for administration to an eye, wherein the formulation is administered to treat ophthalmic diseases, disorders, or conditions. A topical formulation for administration to an eye disclosed herein comprises a therapeutically-effective amount of a FLAP inhibitor compound formulated for topical administration to the eye.

Abstract: Storage-stable, topically ocularly administrable aqueous ophthalmic formulations containing at least one closporine are useful for treating and/or preventing ophthalmic diseases or disorders afflicting humans or animals, notably related to inflammatory conditions, more particularly administrable to the front of the eye and which provide therapeutic effects to the eye as they are effective in stabilizing, enhancing and/or improving a patient's vision.

Abstract: Buccal aerosol sprays or capsules using polar and non-polar solvent have now been developed which provide biologically active compounds for rapid absorption through the oral mucosa, resulting in fast onset of effect. The buccal polar compositions of the invention comprise formulation I: aqueous polar solvent, active compound, and optional flavoring agent; formulation II: aqueous polar solvent, active compound, optionally flavoring agent, and propellant; formulation III: non-polar solvent, active compound, and optional flavoring agent; and formulation IV: non-polar solvent, active compound, optional flavoring agent, and propellant.

Abstract: The invention provides an ophthalmic composition which is an aqueous suspension comprising drug, cyclodextrin and water, the composition having an aqueous phase of from about 0.1% (w/v) to about 90% (w/v) of the drug in solution, as dissolved free drug and as dissolved drug/cyclodextrin complex(es), and a solid phase of from about 10% (w/v) to about 99.9% (w/v) of the drug as solid drug/cyclodextrin particles, suspended in the aqueous phase; the size of the solid particles being from about 10 nm to about 1 mm, the drug/cyclodextrin particles being capable of dissolving in aqueous tear fluid within 24 hours of application to the eye surface. The aqueous eye suspension can be in the form of eye drops, eye gel or eye mist.

Abstract: A method of parenterally administering a composition, the method including parenterally administering to a person a composition including at least one omega-3 fatty acid and at least one drug, wherein the at least one omega-3 fatty acid source and the at least one drug are administered simultaneously.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the fields of molecular biology, medicine, oncology, and delivery of therapeutic compounds. In particular, the present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing a hydrophobic drug substance and an inhibitory nucleic acid molecule, such as short interfering RNA (siRNA), in a single drug delivery system, as well as a process for making and a process for administering the same.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved method of diagnosing a subject having received an organ transplant with Acute Cellular Rejection (ACR). The method comprises obtaining a biological sample from the subject, detecting an amount of at least one protein indicative of ACR in the sample, and comparing the amount of the protein in the sample to a control, wherein a difference between the amount of the protein in the sample relative to the control indicates the subject has or is developing ACR. The difference can be an increase or a decrease. In one version the biological sample comprises a serum sample, and the transplanted organ is selected from a heart, kidney, liver, bone marrow, pancreas, eye, lung or skin. Methods of treating a subject having an organ transplant for ACR are also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of cyclic compounds of general formula (I): wherein A, B, R1 and R2 are as defined in the specification, and their use as pharmaceuticals.

Abstract: A compound of Formula 1: or a salt thereof, and methods for the use thereof, especially as an IAP inhibitor, as well as related compounds, compositions, and methods.

Abstract: A hydrated lecithin carrier vesicle composition includes a lecithin-derived membrane-forming lipid vesicle in conditioned water for incorporation of an active ingredient to form a dispersed composition. A method of making the hydrated lecithin carrier vesicle includes using lecithin having not more than about 80% w/w phosphatidylcholine in the presence of conditioned water.

Abstract: A process for making particles for delivery of drug nanoparticles is disclosed herein. The process comprises the steps of (a) forming a suspension of drug nanoparticles by mixing a precipitant solution with an anti-solvent solution under micro-mixing environment, where the formed nanoparticles have a narrow particle size distribution; (b) providing an excipient to at least one of the precipitant solution, the anti-solvent solution and the suspension of drug nanoparticles, the excipient being selected to maintain said drug nanoparticles in a dispersed state when in liquid form; and (c) drying the suspension of drug nanoparticles containing the excipient therein to remove solvent therefrom, wherein removal of the solvent causes the excipient to solidify and thereby form micro-sized matrix particles, each micro-sized particle being comprised of drug nanoparticles dispersed in a solid matrix of the excipient.

Abstract: In a dissolving step, in a container 13, a poorly soluble drug and a dispersion stabilizer (polyvinylpyrrolidone and sodium lauryl sulfate) are dissolved in a volatile organic solvent. In a solid composition forming step following the dissolving step, the organic solvent contained in the solution is removed by evaporation, and by the organic solvent removal, a solid composition 1 is obtained as a residue, and the solid composition 1 becomes fixed on the inner wall of the container 13. In a water injecting step following the solid composition forming step, water 2 is injected into the interior of the container 13. In a microparticle dispersion liquid preparing step following the water injecting step, laser light L emitted from a laser light source 11 is irradiated on the solid composition 1 fixed on the inner wall of the container 13 and optical energy is thereby applied to the solid composition 1.

Abstract: The embodiments disclosed herein relate to ophthalmic compositions comprising calcineurin inhibitors or mTOR inhibitors, and more particularly to methods for treating an ocular disease and/or condition using the disclosed compositions. According to aspects illustrated herein, there is provided a pharmaceutical composition that includes a calcineurin inhibitor or an mTOR inhibitor; a first surfactant with an HLB index greater than about 10; and a second surfactant with an HLB index of greater than about 13, wherein an absolute difference between the HLB index of the first surfactant and the HLB index of the second surfactant is greater than about 3, and wherein the composition forms mixed micelles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to antibodies and related molecules that immunospecifically bind to B Lymphocyte Stimulator. The present invention also relates to methods and compositions for detecting or diagnosing a disease or disorder associated with aberrant B Lymphocyte Stimulator expression or inappropriate function of B Lymphocyte Stimulator comprising antibodies or fragments or variants thereof or related molecules that immunospecifically bind to B Lymphocyte Stimulator. The present invention further relates to methods and compositions for preventing, treating or ameliorating a disease or disorder associated with aberrant B Lymphocyte Stimulator expression or inappropriate B Lymphocyte Stimulator function comprising administering to an animal an effective amount of one or more antibodies or fragments or variants thereof or related molecules that immunospecifically bind to B Lymphocyte Stimulator.

Abstract: The invention in some aspects relates to methods, devices and compositions for evaluating material properties, such as mechanical and rheological properties of substances, particularly biological substances, such as cells, tissues, and biological fluids. In some aspects, the invention relates to methods, devices and compositions for evaluating material properties of deformable objects, such as cells. In further aspects, the invention relates to methods, devices and compositions for diagnosing and/or characterizing disease based on material properties of biological cells.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a composition comprising cyclosporin A at a concentration between about 0.001% (w/v) and about 1.0% (w/v), a plant oil at a concentration between about 0.01% (w/v) and about 10% (w/v), and macrogol 15 hydroxystearate at a concentration between about 0.01% (w/v) and about 10% (w/v).

Abstract: The invention is directed to the use of cpn10 in transplantation and particularly to treatment and/or prevention of graft versus host disease. The invention provides a method of administration of cpn10 to a donor and/or recipient animal or cells, tissues or organs derived from the donor, although in a particularly advantageous form treatment of both the donor and recipient animal. The method may further include the administration to the donor and/or recipient animal at least one other immunosuppressive agent to prevent or alleviate graft versus host disease.

Abstract: The presently described subject matter is based on the finding that inhibition of eotaxin-2 by polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies, has a significant protective effect in animal models of inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), colitis, diabetes, and atherosclerosis. Thus, provided are pharmaceutical compositions including specific anti-eotaxin 2 antibodies for use alone or in combination with other therapeutic agents in the treatment of inflammatory, autoimmune and cardiovascular diseases. Also provided are specific anti-eotaxin-2 monoclonal antibodies, and methods of treatment utilizing such antibodies.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods of preparing nanoparticles of aqueous-insoluble compounds, particularly aqueous-insoluble bioactive (drug) compounds, and to compositions and medicaments obtained by these methods. These methods, compositions, and other inventive aspects of the present invention are based particularly on the use of bile acid compound(s) to prepare nanoparticles of aqueous-insoluble compounds.

Abstract: This invention discloses methods and compositions that can treat a variety of tissue injuries and infections. Tissue-derived leukocyte chemotactic factors are rapidly released after injury to mammalian tissue and can act as the initial signal leading to the initiation and amplification of acute and chronic inflammation associated with injury and infection. The present invention generally provides methods and compositions to prevent and treat injury of cells, tissue, or organs by blocking or inhibiting the release of leukocyte chemotactic factors, by administering certain effective compositions to the tissue.

Abstract: The present invention provides pharmaceutical compositions and kits comprising an agent capable of activating CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells and methotrexate, and methods of treatment and medical uses utilising the same.

Abstract: An encoding/decoding apparatus and method using a low-density parity-check code (LDPC code) is disclosed. Basic column group information, serving as a set of information regarding positions of rows with weight 1, is extracted from a reference column in each column group of a predetermined parity-check matrix. Column group information transforms the positions of rows with weight 1 into positions whose lengths are within a required parity length. A parity-check matrix is generated according to the generated column group information. Data is encoded or decoded based on the generated parity-check matrix.

Abstract: This invention provides a method of treating a subject afflicted with active lupus arthritis comprising periodically administering to the subject an amount of laquinimod or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof effective to treat the subject. This invention also provides laquinimod or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use in treating a subject afflicted with active lupus arthritis. This invention further provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising an amount of laquinimod or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use in treating a subject afflicted with lupus arthritis.

Abstract: This invention provides compositions and methods for enhancing delivery of drugs and other agents across epithelial tissues, including the skin, gastrointestinal tract, pulmonary epithelium, ocular tissues and the like. The compositions and methods are also useful for delivery across endothelial tissues, including the blood brain barrier. The compositions and methods employ a delivery enhancing transporter that has sufficient guanidino or amidino sidechain moieties to enhance delivery of a compound conjugated to the reagent across one or more layers of the tissue, compared to the non-conjugated compound. The delivery-enhancing polymers include, for example, poly-arginine molecules that are preferably between about 6 and 25 residues in length.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use in the treatment of HCV infection, either as single active agents or in combination with another active agent, of a cyclosporin having increased cyclophilin binding activity and essentially lacking immunosuppressive activity.