Abstract: The present invention provides iRNA agents comprising at least one subunit of the formula (I): wherein: A and B are each independently for each occurrence O, N(RN) or S; X and Y are each independently for each occurrence H, OH, a hydroxyl protecting group, a phosphate group, a phosphodiester group, an activated phosphate group, an activated phosphite group, a phosphoramidite, a solid support, —P(Z?)(Z?)O-nucleoside, —P(Z?)(Z?)O-oligonucleotide, a lipid, a PEG, a steroid, a lipophile, a polymer, —P(Z?)(Z?)O-Linker-OP(Z??)(Z??)O-oligonucleotide, a nucleotide, an oligonucleotide, —P(Z?)(Z?)-formula (I), —P(Z?)(Z?)— or -Linker-R; R is LG, -Linker-LG, or has the structure shown below: LG is independently for each occurrence a carbohydrate, e.g.

Abstract: This process relates to a pharmaceutical composition of an Na-K-ATPase ligand which will stimulate Na/K-ATPase signaling in a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle. In one embodiment, the composition may be used to treat a skin disorder. In another embodiment, the composition may be used to inhibit cardiac fibrosis.

Abstract: The present application relates to novel 4-chromenonyl-1,4-dihydropyridinecarbonitriles, processes for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, and their use for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of diseases, especially cardiovascular disorders.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of enhancing functionality of duplex oligonucleotides and compositions made by the methods. The duplex oligonucleotides include siRNAs, miRNA mimics, and piRNA mimics which contain modified nucleotides and mismatches between the two strands of the molecule at specific nucleotide positions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a potent synergistic herbal composition [BacoMind®] from the plant species Bacopa monnieri and its beneficial effects in learning, memory, cognition and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder [ADHD] or Attention Deficit Disorder [ADD]. In addition, the present invention provides the synergistic composition derived from Bacopa monnieri such that the resulting composition consists of Bacoside A3 in the range of 0.1 to 25%, Bacopaside II in the range of 0.1 to 25%, Jujubogenin isomer of bacopasaponin C in the range of 0.1 to 25%, Bacopasaponin C in the range of 0.1 to 25%, Bacopaside I in the range of 0.1 to 25%, Bacosine in the range of 0.1 to 25%, Apigenin in the range of 0.05 to 5%, Luteolin in the range of 0.05 to 5% and Sitosterol-D-glucoside in the range of 0.05 to 5% constituting up to 50% by weight of the total composition.

Abstract: A method for treating, preventing or ameliorating breast cancer is provided by administering a synergistic amount of digitoxin and either actein or an extract of black cohosh comprising triterpene glycosides, and optionally another chemopreventive agent which may be paclitaxel. Methods for treating or preventing a neoplasia using a synergistic combination, and compositions of a synergistic combination of a cardiac glycoside and either actein or an extract of black cohosh comprising triterpene glycosides, and optionally another chemopreventive agent which may be a taxane are also provided. The compositions may also be used in a method for modulating Na+K+ATPase activity. In addition, a method for inhibiting the progression or development of breast cancer in vivo by administering either actein or an extract of black cohosh comprising triterpene glycosides and optionally at least one other chemoprotective agent is provided.

Abstract: A process for obtaining dried plant material of plants from the Apocynaceae family, also known as Asclepiadaceae family, which contain steroidal glycosides having appetite suppressant activity. Said process covers (after harvesting and removing the roots a comminution step, a holding step of 1-36 hours in which moisture loss is limited, and a drying step.

Abstract: The present application relates to a method of regulating nutrient absorption in a subject in need thereof with an isolated ginsenoside compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for using cardioprotective or hemodynamic drugs in combination with dichloroacetate enabling usage of cardioprotective or hemodynamic drugs at concentrations higher than used in normal clinical practice without increasing deleterious side effects normally associated with the cardioprotective or hemodynamic drug, thereby conferring added clinical benefit. The present invention teaches administration of DCA with cardioprotective or hemodynamic drugs as an adjunct therapy thereby conferring added clinical benefit to clinically recommended protocols.

Abstract: A method and pharmaceutical composition for the enhancement of transfer of a therapeutic agent to a cell wherein the therapeutic agent is formulated in a buffer comprising a compound of Formula I: wherein: n is an integer from 2-8; X1 is a cholic acid group or deoxycholic acid group; and X2 and X3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of a cholic acid group, a deoxycholic acid group, and a saccharide group, wherein the saccharide group is selected from the group consisting of pentose monosaccharide groups, hexose monosaccharide groups, pentose-pentose disaccharide groups, hexose-hexose disaccharide groups, pentose-hexose disaccharide groups, and hexose-pentose disaccharide groups; and wherein at least one of X2 and X3 is a saccharide group.

Abstract: The synergistic combination of a loop diuretic and a cardiac glycoside is useful in the treatment of DNA viral infections.

Abstract: This invention provides methods and compositions for enhancing transfer of an agent into a cell. The agents can include polypeptides, polynucleotides such as genes and antisense nucleic acids, and other molecules. In some embodiments, the agents are modulating agents that can modulate a cellular activity or function when introduced into the cell. The methods and compositions are useful for introducing agents into individual cells, as well as cells that are present as a tissue or organ.

Abstract: 3-O-?-D-Glucopyranosyl-4-methylergost-7-en-3-ol or a composition containing 0.001% by mass or more of the aforementioned compound, which is an extract of a plant of the family Liliaceae containing the compound or a fraction thereof, is used as an active ingredient of a hyperglycemia improving agent.

Abstract: Buccal aerosol sprays or capsules using polar and non-polar solvent have now been developed which provide biologically active compounds for rapid absorption through the oral mucosa, resulting in fast onset of effect. The buccal polar compositions of the invention comprise formulation I: aqueous polar solvent, active compound, and optional flavoring agent; formulation II: aqueous polar solvent, active compound, optionally flavoring agent, and propellant; formulation III: non-polar solvent, active compound, and optional flavoring agent; and formulation IV: non-polar solvent, active compound, optional flavoring agent, and propellant.

Abstract: 3-O-?-D-Glucopyranosyl-4-methyl-ergost-7-en-3-ol or a composition containing 0.001 to 10% by dry mass of the aforementioned compound, which is an extract of a plant of the family Liliaceae or a fraction thereof containing the compound, is used as an active ingredient of a drug for improving pancreatic functions.

Abstract: Agents inducing the expression of DOPAchrome tautomerase are administered, notably topically applied, to protect and/or regenerate the melanocytes of hair follicles, to promote the cyclic renewal of the follicular pigmentation unit, to prevent and/or limit and/or arrest the development of canities, and to maintain the natural pigmentation of gray or white head hair and/or body hair.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds represented by the structure I and pharmaceutical preparations thereof for the treatment of inflammatory diseases in humans and animals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to peptides which home to cells, e.g. heart cells, with high selectivity and which can be useful in the form of compositions. Such compositions can be used, e.g., for selectively targeting a systemically administered therapeutic agent or imaging agent to a cell or tissue in a subject. The present invention further relates to methods of using the compositions for imaging, e.g. PET imaging, and targeting cells, e.g. for delivering a therapeutic agent to one or more target cells in a subject.

Abstract: The invention discloses the use of sapogenin derivatives in the treatment of cognitive disfunction and similar conditions. Methods of treatment and pharmaceutical compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: A transdermal active principle delivery means comprises a skin adherent or otherwise skin-tolerant substrate applicable to a skin area affected by DNA virus, which substrate includes a composition for treating DNA comprising a transdermally effective carrier medium including at least one active principle selected from the group consisting of diuretic agents and/or cardiac glycoside agents.

Abstract: 3-O-?-D-Glucopyranosyl-4-methylergost-7-en-3-ol or a composition containing 0.001% by mass or more of the aforementioned compound, which is an extract of a plant of the family Liliaceae containing the compound or a fraction thereof, is used as an active ingredient of a hyperglycemia improving agent.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical composition comprising compounds and/or compositions useful to inhibit viral replication are disclosed.

Abstract: The invention disclosed the use of timosaponin BII in the preparation of a medicament or product for the prevention and treatment of stroke. The experiments prove that timosaponin BII can improve the neurological symptoms of cerebral ischemic rat, reduce infarct size, relieve brain water edema, improve hemorheology, reduce inflammatory injury of cerebral ischemia.

Abstract: To reduce amounts of fat accumulated in abdominal cavity and to prevent or ameliorate visceral fat type obesity considered to be a main factor of metabolic syndrome, there is provided an agent or a food or drink, including as an active ingredient 3-O-?-D-glucopyranosyl-4-methylergost-7-en-3-ol, an organic solvent extract, a hot water extract, a squeezed liquid of a Liliaceae plant or a fraction thereof which contains the compound.

Abstract: There are provided a promoter containing ginsenoside compound K for the production of hyaluronic acid, and more particularly, a new efficacy of 20-O-?-D-glucopyranosyl-20(S)-protopanaxadiol (compound K), a chief metabolite of ginseng saponin, to increase the expression of hyaluronic acid synthase gene in human cell and thereby to promote the production of hyaluronic acid, and an anti-aging agent containing the promoter for the production of hyaluronic acid as an effective ingredient.

Abstract: Compounds having a cyclolanostane skeleton such as 9,19-cyclolanostan-3-ol and 24-methylene-9,19-cyclolanostan-3-ol are used as an active ingredient of a drug and food or drink for improving pancreatic functions.

Abstract: The present invention herein provides a proliferation inhibitor of Helicobacter pylori comprising a compound that can simply be mass-produced, can specifically inhibit the proliferation of H. pylori, which has high safety and never generates any resistant bacteria, as well as a diet of a food or beverage, and a pharmaceutical preparation containing the proliferation inhibitor of Helicobacter pylori. The proliferation inhibitor of Helicobacter pylori comprises an alpha-N-acetyl-glucosaminyl bond-containing monosaccharide derivative represented by the following chemical formula (1) GlcNAc1-alpha-O-Y ??(1) (in the formula (1), Y is a straight-, branched- or cyclic-aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 27 carbon atoms or a straight-, branched- or cyclic-acyl group having 1 to 27 carbon atoms). The diet of the food, the beverage or the pharmaceutical preparation comprises the proliferation inhibitor of Helicobacter pylori.

Abstract: An extract of the family Dioscoreaceae useful for preventing or treating the peripheral neuropathy; and a pharmaceutical composition or food composition comprising the extract are provided. In addition, a pharmaceutical composition or food composition useful for preventing or treating the peripheral neuropathy comprising a compound isolated from the extract of the family Dioscoreaceae is provided.

Abstract: Oil compositions containing Hoodia plant extract dissolved in medium chain tri-acyl-glycerides. Edible emulsions comprising the inventive oil compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention features compounds of formulas I or II: and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and prodrugs thereof, as well methods for modulating the effects of local and systemic hypoxic events using the compounds.

Abstract: The invention provides methods to treat cancer with cardiac glycosides.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel steroidal glycoside for management of rheumatic and inflammatory disease conditions. In addition, the present invention also provides a process for preparation of steroidal glycoside from plant fenugreek. Further, the invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition of the steroidal glycoside for management of rheumatic disease conditions and its associated disorders.

Abstract: A substance having the following formula is provided. wherein R1 and R2 are selected from a group consisting of ?-Ara, ?-Ara and ?-Xyl. The substance has an effect of accelerating a phagocytosis of RPE.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a Momordicae semen extract effective in the prevention and treatment of gastritis or gastric ulcer and momordica saponin I isolated therefrom. The Momordicae semen extract and the momordica saponin I isolated therefrom is effective in the prevention and treatment of gastritis or gastric ulcer since they prevent the damage of the gastric mucosa caused by alcohols and inhibit the secretion of gastric acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of known and novel compounds as inhibitors of UDP-GlcNAc:Gal?1,3GaINAc-R (GlcNAc to GalNAc) ?1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyl transferase (core 2 ?1,6 N-acetylaminotransferase, core 2 GlcNAc-T-EC 2.4.1.102). Such inhibitors have applications in therapy for diseases associates with raised activity of core 2 GlcNAc-T, in particular inflammatory diseases, atherosclerosis, diabetic cardiomyopathy, cancers—including treatment or prevention of metastasis—or diabetic retinopathy.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of compounds of formula (I) in the treatment of AIDs, wherein, R1 is -Glc2-Glc, R2 is selected from the group of -Glc6-Glc, -Glc6-Ara(p), -Glc6-Xyl and -Glc6-Ara (f); and R3 is H, and also relates to the composition comprising the above compounds and the use of the herbal extracts in the treatment of AIDS.

Abstract: The present invention relates to use of ginsenoside Rg3, Rg5 or Rk1, or extract of ginseng, red ginseng or processed ginseng comprising the ginsenosides; a composition for preventing or treating angiostenosis and restenosis comprising the ginsenosides or extracts; a method for preventing or treating angiostenosis and restenosis by administrating the ginsenosides or extracts comprising the ginsenosides; and a preparation method of agents for preventing or treating angiostenosis and restenosis. The present composition can effectively prevent or treat angiostenosis and restenosis.

Abstract: Acaciaside-B (Ac-B) has emerged as a prospective candidate molecule for prevention of HIV infection along with potential for use as/in vaginal contraceptive/formulation. It possesses anti-HIV property at a tolerably low concentration, is non-mutagenic and does not harm the niche of Lactobacilli. Thus Ac-B appears to be a superior ingredient for formulations of a chemical barrier against HIV-1 infection wherein its spermicidal property is superfluous.

Abstract: Kits for treating or preventing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) by using as active agent a non-glucorticoid steroid, analogue thereof, such as dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), or their salts, in an amount effective for preventing or treating COPD.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a skin-care composition containing ginsenoside F1 and EGCG. More particularly, the present invention relates to an inhibitor of UV-induced apoptosis in epidermal cells showing an excellent skin-care effect by the synergistic interaction of the said ginsenoside F1 and EGCG even at low concentrations, and to a method for inhibiting apoptosis in epidermal cells.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical solution is capable of being ejected from a thermal fluid ejection device onto a substrate. The solution includes a vehicle with predetermined properties, and an active pharmaceutical ingredient with a solubility of at least about 30 mg/ml in the vehicle. The vehicle substantially evaporates from the substrate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an agent for controlling Bcl-2 expression comprising ginsenoside F1 (20-O-?-D-glucopyranosyl-20(S)-protopanaxatriol) represented by the following formula 1 as an active component.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided herein that provide for promoting cellular health and treatment of cancer, and allied diseases such as diabetes and glaucoma.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for preventing or treating diabetes or blood glucose control abnormality comprising gisenosides Rg3, Rg5, and Rk1 from natural substances; a use of a mixture comprising gisenosides Rg3, Rg5, and Rk1 for the manufacture of a medicament for preventing or treating diabetes or blood glucose control abnormality; or a method for preventing or treating diabetes or blood glucose control abnormality by administering a therapeutically effective amount of mixture comprising gisenosides Rg3, Rg5, and Rk1 to a subject. The present composition can effectively prevent or treat diabetes, blood glucose control abnormality, and complication thereof.

Abstract: Medicinal composition containing ginseng secondary glycosides, its preparation method and application. The present composition contains mainly, as active ingredients, the ginsenoside with protopanoxadiol as aglucone (ginsenoside Rg3) and the ginsenoside with protopanoxatriol as aglucone (ginsenoside Rg2 and ginsenoside Rh1). It is prepared from the ginseng genus of plants through extracting, acid hydrolyzing and using macroreticular resin to separate, purify and concentrate. It is useful in the manufacture of medicaments for treating CHD, angina pectoris, myocardial ischemia, hemorrhagic shock, heart failure, and arrhythmia.

Abstract: An anti-viral topical gel formulation comprising at least one loop diuretic and/or cardiac glycoside in a gel carrier medium, said formulation capable of transdermal delivery of the said diuretic and/or glycoside.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel herbal composition for improving exercise physiology factors comprising saponins and sugar derivatives optionally along with pharmaceutically acceptable excipients. It also relates to the process of preparing the composition for improving exercise physiology factors comprising the steps of flaking, defatting, solvent extraction of seeds of trigonella species followed by concentration of the extract to obtain a saponin and sugar derivative. It also relates to the use of the composition for improving exercise physiology factors comprising, enhanced anabolic activity, enhanced muscle building, enhance creatine delivery and reuptake, an increase in testosterone levels and an enhanced immunity.

Abstract: A novel mammalian dihydroouabain-like factor is disclosed which substantially fails to cross-react with mammalian ouabain-like factor (OLF) for binding to anti-OLF antibody, but cross-reacts with plant-related dihydroouabain (dho) for binding to anti-dho antibody, has maximal u.v. absorbance at 196 nm, has a non-peptidic, non-lipidic chemical structure and a fully hydrogenated lactone ring, has a concentration-dependent Na+,K+-ATPase (sodium pump) catalytic inhibitory activity which is 10-fold lower than OLF and 3-fold higher than plant-related dihydroouabain, and a high pressure liquid chromatography elution time about the same as dho. This factor is useful for therapy for congestive heart failure. An antibody and antibody fragments having affinity for mammalian Dh-OLF but not for OLF, and diagnostic and therapeutic methods comprise the antibody and means for quantifying the antibody and are useful for treating a condition caused by high level of OLF or Dh-OLF.

Abstract: Treatments for conditions involving detrimental activity of the enzyme core 2 GlcNAc-T are provided using compounds of the formula I wherein R1 is H, —OH, C1-6 alkoxy, —NR5R6, or Sac 1; R2 is H, —OH, C1-6 alkoxy or Sac 2; R3 is H, —OH, C1-6 alkoxy or Sac 3; R4 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 hydroxyalkyl or C1-6-alkoxy-C1-6-alkyl; R5 is H, C1-6 alkyl or C1-6 acyl; R6 is H, C1-6 alkyl or C1-6 acyl; Sac 1 Sac 2 and Sac 3 are independently selected saccharide moieties; and Z is a steroid moiety; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ether or ester form thereof.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating a degenerative brain disease comprising a compound of formula I or a or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient: (I) wherein, R1 is H or Glc-Glc-; R2 is H or