Abstract: Disclosed are novel compounds of formula (I) wherein A1, A2, Ar, R5, R6, R8, M, Q, Y, Z, k, m and n are as defined in the specification. These compounds are useful in the treatment and/or prevention of conditions mediated by nuclear receptors, in particular the Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPAR). Such conditions include diabetes and obesity.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for prevention and prophylaxis of neurological diseases accompanied by neuronal death. The invention includes synthesis of 5-benzylamino salicylic acid (BAS) and its derivatives. BAS and its derivatives protect cortical neurons from toxic insults by N-methyl-D-aspartate, Zn2+, and reactive oxygen species. Thus, the present invention provides compositions and methods for treating stroke, traumatic brain and spinal cord injury, epilepsy, and neurodegenerative diseases that are accompanied by severe neuronal loss via excitotoxicity, Zn2+ neurotoxicity, and free radical neurotoxicity.

Abstract: New thyroid receptor ligands are provided which have the general formula I wherein R1 is halogen, trifluoromethyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-6 alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C3-7 cycloalkyl; R2 and R3 are each independently hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C1-4 alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C3-6 cycloalkyl, wherein at least one of R2 and R3 is other than hydrogen; R4 is a carboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of (CH2)nCOOH, (CH)2COOH, NHCO(CH2)nCOOH, CONH(CH2)nCOOH and NH(CH2)mCOOH; n is an integer from 0 to 4; and m is an integer from 1 to 4. In addition, a method is provided for preventing, inhibiting or treating a disease associated with metabolism dysfunction or which is dependent upon the expression of a T3 regulated gene, wherein a compound as described above is administered in a therapeutically effective amount.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition containing a cycloalkene compound, a salt thereof or a prodrug thereof, and a nonionic surfactant and/or a cyclodextrin derivative readily soluble in water, and a method for improving solubility, stability or coloring property of the compound, a salt thereof or a prodrug thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for inhibiting Ras activity such as cell proliferation associated with vascular injury such as post-angioplasty restenosis and atherosclerosis. Preferred Ras antagonists are S-trans-trans farnesylthiosalicylic acid (FTS) and structurally related compounds (or analogs) thereof.

Abstract: An NF-?B inhibitor having as an active ingredient a benzoquinone derivative represented by the general formula (1) wherein R1, R2, and R3 are each independently H, alkyl having 1 to 5 carbons, or alkoxy having 1 to 5 carbons; R4 is H, hydroxymethyl, alkyl, or carboxyl which is optionally esterified or amidated; Z is represented by the formula (A); and, n is an integer from 0 to 6, or its hydroquinone form or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula: where the variables have the meaning defined in the specification are capable of reducing serum glucose levels in diabetic mammals without the undesirable side effects of reducing serum thyroxine levels and transiently increasing triglyceride levels.

Abstract: Cinnamic acid and derivatives thereof are well suited for promoting desquamation and/or stimulating epidermal renewal and/or combating intrinsic/extrinsic aging of the skin of a human subject in need of such treatment, by topically applying thereto, for such period of time as required to elicit the desired response, a cosmetically/therapeutically effective amount of cinnamic acid and/or of at least one derivative thereof.

Abstract: Methods and devices for maintaining a desired therapeutic drug effect over a prolonged therapy period are provided. In particular, oral dosage forms that release drug within the gastrointestinal tract at an ascending release rate over an extended time period are provided. The dosage forms may additionally comprise an immediate-release dose of drug.

Abstract: There is provided an insecticide transpiration apparatus capable of transpiring insecticide at room temperature.

Abstract: Inhibitors of the cytosolic phospholypase A2 enzymes are provided which are of use in controlling a wide variety of inflammatory diseases. The inhibitors of the present invention have the general formula wherein X, Z, X1, R1, R2, Ra, Rb, R3, R4 and Y are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel heteroethynylenic compounds having the general formula (I): as well as to the use of these compounds in pharmaceutical compositions intended for use in human or veterinary medicine (dermatological, rheumatic, respiratory, cardiovascular and ophthalmological complaints in particular), or alternatively in cosmetic compositions.

Abstract: Methods and devices for maintaining a desired therapeutic drug effect over a prolonged therapy period are provided. In particular, oral dosage forms that release drug within the gastrointestinal tract at an ascending release rate over an extended time period are provided. The dosage forms may additionally comprise an immediate-release dose of drug.

Abstract: Compounds useful for the treatment of various metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance syndrome, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, fatty liver disease, cachexia, obesity, atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis, are disclosed.

Abstract: New esters derived from (RR, SS)-3-(2-dimethylaminomethyl-1-hydroxycyclohexyl)phenyl 2-hydroxybenzoate, analog to Tramadol, a process for obtaining them and the use of these compounds for the production of a medicament with analgesic properties. These new products of general formula (I) exhibit an analgesic activity higher than that of tramadol.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula where the variations have the meaning defined in the specification are capable of reducing serum glucose levels in diabetic mammals without the undesirable side effects of transiently increasing triglyceride levels and reducing serum thyroxine levels.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula where the variables have the meaning defined in the specification are capable of reducing serum glucose levels in diabetic mammals without the undesirable side effect of reducing serum thyroxine levels.

Abstract: Compounds useful for the treatment of various metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance syndrome, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, fatty liver disease, cachexia, obesity, atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis, are disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed are anti-viral compositions containing at least one zinc compound and at least one phenolic antioxidant (and optionally other ingredients), and a pharmaceutical carrier. Also disclosed are methods of treating lesionous symptoms of a viral infection involving applying an effective amount of the anti-viral composition to the lesions.

Abstract: A composition and method of treating plurality of conditions utilizes a combination of sucralfate and a topical anesthetic such as lidocaine. The composition finds utility in treating the symptoms of burns or mange and to relieve the associated irritations and discomfort.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of formula (I) and analogues or derivatives thereof for the treatment of skin conditions, such as Vitiligo, which are treatable by the stimulation of melanocyte proliferation and also for treating skin cancer. The compounds may also be used to cosmetically enhance the natural coloration of the skin.

Abstract: New thyroid receptor ligands are provided which have the general formula I: wherein R1 is halogen, trifluoromethyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-6 alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C3-7 cycloalkyl; R2 and R3 are each independently hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C1-4 alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C3-6 cycloalkyl, wherein at least one of R2 and R3 is other than hydrogen; R4 is a carboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of (CH2)nCOOH, (CH)2COOH, NHCO(CH2)nCOOH, CONH(CH2)nCOOH and NH(CH2)mCOOH; n is an integer from 0 to 4; and m is an integer from 1 to 4. In addition, a method is provided for preventing, inhibiting or treating a disease associated with metabolism dysfunction or which is dependent upon the expression of a T3 regulated gene, wherein a compound as described above is administered in a therapeutically effective amount.

Abstract: The invention provides substituted phenol compounds and pharmaceutical compositions containing substituted phenol compounds which are useful for inducing or maintaining anesthesia or sedation in a mammal. This invention also provides methods for inducing or maintaining anesthesia or sedation in a mammal using substituted phenol compounds.

Abstract: The invention is directed to methods of treating asthma, COPD, allergic rhinitis, and infectious rhinitis by administering a first pharmaceutical agent including one or more compounds selected from the quarternary ammonium compounds of formulae I-V and a second pharmaceutical agent including one or more pharmaceutical agents selected from Adenosine A2a Receptor Agonists, D2-Dopamine Receptor Agonists, Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors (PDE's), corticosteroids, norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, 4-hydroxy-7-[2-[2-[3-[2-phenylethoxy]-propylsulphonyl]ethylamino]ethyl]-1,3-benzothiazol-2(3H)-one, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and non-quarternized antimuscarinic compounds.

Abstract: Novel diketoacid compounds of Formula I are provided which are useful as HIV integrase inhibitors and for the treatment of AIDS or ARC.

Abstract: A topical composition containing an aqueous gel which contains a hydrophilic gelling material, wherein the gel has at least one of the following properties: an initial viscosity V0 ranging from 3000 to 50,000 Pa.s, wherein the initial viscosity is stable up to a shear strain C1, a viscosity V2 after shear at a strain C2, wherein a ratio of V0/V2 is greater than or equal to 1000, and a difference of C2-C1 is less than or equal to 100 Pa.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the new use of an already known biomolecule methyl-&bgr;-orcinol carboxylate of formula 1 isolated from a lichen (Everniastrum cirrhatum), for treating pathogenic fungal infections of humans that are resistant to polyene and azole antibiotics such as amphotericin B, nystatin, clotrimazole etc.

Abstract: In one aspect, the present invention provides a method for modulating an Edg-2 receptor mediated biological activity in a cell. A cell expressing the Edg-2 receptor is contacted with an modulator of the Edg-2 receptor, which modulates the Edg-2 receptor mediated biological activity. In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for modulating Edg-2 receptor mediated biological activity in a subject. A therapeutically effective amount of an modulator of the Edg-2 receptor is administered to the subject.

Abstract: Pulmonary surfactant is required in order to reduce surface tension in the lungs so that less effort is needed to reinflate the lungs after exhalation. A number of diseases and conditions exist that disrupt the normal flow of surfactant secretion, resulting in respiratory distress or failure. The present invention provides a method of treating a patient in respiratory distress syndrome wherein a surfactant deficiency has occurred, thereby restoring a normal respiratory function.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of the general formula (I) in which X represents O, S, SO, SO2, CH2, CHF, CF2 or NR8, and Z represents a group of the formula in which A represents O or S, the subscript “a” is 0 or 1, group D represents a straight-chain (C1-C4)-alkylene group, and R36 represents OR37 or NR38R39. It also relates to processes for preparation of such compounds and to their use in medicaments for the treatment of depression, goiter, cancer of the thyroid gland, arteriosclerosis, hypercholesterolaemia, dyslipidaemia, obesity, cardiac insufficiency, pulmonary emphysema, pain, migraine, Alzheimer's disease, osteoporosis, cardiac arrhythmias, hypothyroidism, skin disorders or diabetes.

Abstract: The use of 3-benzolphenylacetic acids and derivatives, including nepafenac, to treat neurodegenerative retinal disorders is disclosed.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula where the variables have the meaning defined in the specification are capable of reducing serum glucose levels in diabetic mammals without the undesirable side effect of reducing serum thyroxine levels.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula where the variables have the meaning defined in the specification are capable of reducing serum glucose levels in diabetic mammals without the undesirable side effect of reducing serum thyroxine levels.

Abstract: Disclosed is a pharmaceutical composition suitable for oral administration in the form of a homogeneous solution which on exposure to water or gastrointestinal fluids forms an emulsion having a particle size of less than 5 microns, the solution containing:

Abstract: The invention provides novel 1,2-diphenylethene derivatives and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, the process for production of these compounds and their pharmaceutical composition and the use of these compounds as modulators of T-cells, neutrophils, macrophages and their associated cytokines as agents for treating immune, inflammatory and auto-immune diseases.

Abstract: Compounds useful for the treatment of various metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance syndrome, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, fatty liver disease, cachexia, obesity, atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis, are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions useful for the treatment of inflammation in humans, and related methods of treatment for the same. In one embodiment the composition is: In another embodiment, the composition is: In yet another embodiment, the composition is: Additional alternative embodiments are R or R″ are therapeutic moieties.

Abstract: Novel sulphones of Formula I are disclosed. The novel compounds modulate the action of gamma secretase, and hence find use in the treatment or prevention of Alzheimer's disease.

Abstract: This invention relates to devices, kits, and methods for eliminating termite colonies. The kits, devices, and methods employ a termiticidal bait matrix containing a) a termiticide selected such that the termiticide causes death to about 50 to about 100% of termites within about 24 to about 84 days after the termites begin to ingest the termiticide or the bait matrix comprising the termiticide, b) a cellulose containing material, and c) water. The termiticidal bait matrix can be used in a bait station installed in the ground. The kits are suitable to be used by consumers in their homes.

Abstract: Symmetrically disubstituted aromatic compounds and pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds that inhibit and/or modulate the activity of poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase, also known as PARG, are described. The invention is also directed to the therapeutic or prophylactic use of such compounds and compositions, and to methods of treating diseases and disorders described herein, by administering effective amounts of such compounds.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions useful for the treatment of inflammation in humans, and related methods of treatment for the same. In one embodiment the composition is In another embodiment, the composition is Additional alternative embodiments are R or R″ that are therapeutic moieties.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are ester-bond containing tea polyphenols that has a susceptibility to nucleophilic attack, their analogs and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, method for inhibiting proteasomal chymotrypsin-like activity in vivo and in vitro, methods for cancer treatment with tea-derived polyphenols, such as EGCG, ECG, GCG, or CG, as well as pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same.

Abstract: Pleuromutilin compounds of the formula: 1

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel naphthalene derivatives of formula (I), wherein R1, R2, R3 and X are as defined in the description, and preparation thereof. The compounds of formula (I) are useful as pharmaceuticals.

Abstract: One aspect of the present invention relates to amines. A second aspect of the present invention relates to the use of the amines as inhibitors of a mammalian anandamide transporter. The compounds of the present invention will also find use in the treatment of numerous ailments, conditions and diseases which afflict mammals, including but not limited to asthma, neuropathic pain, persistent pain, inflammatory pain, hyperactivity, hypertension, brain ischemia, Parkinson's disease, spasticity, Tourette's syndrome, schizophrenia, hemorrhagic shock, septic shock, cardiac shock, migrane, Horton's headache, multiple sclerosis, anorexia, AIDS wasting syndrome, organ rejection, autoimmune diseases, allergy, arthritis, Crohn's disease, malignant gliomas, neurodegenerative diseases, Huntington's chorea, glaucoma, nausea, anxiety, psychosis, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, premature ejaculation, and stroke.

Abstract: A method for prevention or treating myocarditis, dilated cardiomyopathy and heart failure comprising administering to a patient in need of such treatment a NF-&kgr;B inhibitor in a therapeutically effective amount, wherein said NF-&kgr;B inhibitor is a benzoquinone derivative represented by the following formula (I): wherein R1, R2 and R3 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbons or an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbons; R4 is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxymethyl group, an alkyl group, or a carboxyl group which is optionally esterified or amidated; Z is and n is an integer from 0 to 6, or its hydroquinone form, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is provided.

Abstract: This invention features a method for treating infection by herpesvirus.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula I Each R is independently linear or branched C1 to C8 alkyl, or linear or branched C1 to C8 alkoxy or one R is H and the other R is linear or branched C1 to C8 alkyl, or linear or branched C1 to C8 alkoxy; R1 is selected from the group consisting of COCH3, CO2R3, CONH2, CONH(R4)2, CN, COX(CH2)n-N—(R2)(R4)(R3), and the quaternized salt form of the formula COX(CH2)n-N—(R2)(R4)(R3)+Y−; X is O or NH; n is an integer of 1 to 5; Y is an anion; and R2, R3 and R4 are independently linear or branched C1 to C20. Hair care formulations and other compounds containing compounds of Formula I, and methods for protecting hair and substrates such as polymers, textiles, fabrics, leathers and paints using the compounds herein.

Abstract: The invention includes a method of treating neurogenic urinary dysfunction that comprises contacting urinary bladder mucosa of a patient afflicted with neurogenic urinary dysfunction with an effective dose of a homovanilloid compound, in particular a compound selected from the group RTX, TYX, 20-homovanillyl-mezerein or 20-homovanillyl-12-deoxyphorbol-13-phenylacetate. The invention includes treatment of urge incontinence due to detrusor hyperreflexia (DH). The invention also includes treatment of sensory hypersensitivity of the bladder resulting from prostate hypertrophy or interstial cystitis, as well as other neurogenic conditions resulting in increased micturition frequency or decreased bladder capacity, with or without frank incontinence.

Abstract: This invention provides a method of preventing or treating asthma by administering to a patient in need of treatment an effective amount of a selective MEK inhibitor, especially a phenyl amine of Formula I and II: