Abstract: Methods and compositions containing a phorbol ester or a derivative of a phorbol ester are provided for the treatment and prevention of stroke and the sequelae of stroke. Additional compositions and methods are provided which employ a phorbol ester or derivative compound in combination with at least one additional agent to yield more effective treatment tools to treat or prevent stroke and the long term effects of stroke in mammalian subjects.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of bis- and tris-dihydroxyaryl compounds as well as sulfonamides, heteroaryls, tricycloalkyl and their analogs and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, for modulating tau aggregation and alleviating tauopathies, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Pick's disease (PiD), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), corticobasal degeneration (CBD) and familial frontotemporal dementia/Parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17 (FTDP-17), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/Parkinsonism-dementia complex, argyrophilic grain dementia, dementia pugilistic, diffuse neurofibrillary tangles with calcification, progressive subcortical gliosis and tangle only dementia.

Abstract: Administering water-soluble or dispersible synthetic analogs or derivatives of astaxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin, or lycophyll and/or other carotenoids to a subject may reduce some of the adverse effects of inflammation in a body organ or tissue. The analogs or derivatives may be incorporated into pharmaceutical, over-the-counter, or nutraceutical preparations. Administration of the analogs or derivatives described herein may reduce deposition of inflammatory mediators such as C-reactive protein, complement system proteins or the membrane attack complex (MAC) in tissues. Reduced deposition of these molecules in tissues may reduce cell damage and/or lysis in the tissues.

Abstract: Methods of treating Parkinson's Disease comprising administering compounds that up-regulate cystine-glutamate exchange (system Xc?) and/or increase glutathione levels in the brain cells. Preferred compounds are cysteine/cystine prodrugs or N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) prodrugs.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds and formulations thereof which compounds are ligands, e.g., agonists or antagonists, for a metabotropic glutamate receptor or a NAALADase enzyme or both. The present invention also relates to methods of modulating the activity of a metabotropic glutamate receptor or a NAALADase enzyme or both, e.g., in a subject in need thereof, using a compound or formulation of the present invention. The present invention also relates to methods of treating a subject suffering from a chronic or acute disease, malady or condition due at least in part to an abnormality in the activity of an endogenous metabotropic glutamate receptor or a NAALADase enzyme or both, using a compound or formulation of the present invention.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for treating auditory impairments in a subject in need of treatment comprising administering to said subject an effective amount of a composition comprising, as an active agent, one or more of a carboxy alkyl ester, a quinic acid derivative, a caffeic acid derivative, a ferulic acid derivative, or a quinic acid lactone or derivative thereof or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and an acceptable carrier or excipient, so as to treat auditory impairments in the subject.

Abstract: The subject of the present invention are novel esters of (acyloxymethyl)acrylamide, a pharmaceutical composition containing them and their use in the production of drugs for the prophylaxis or treatment of oncogenic diseases and diseases connected with increased cell proliferation.

Abstract: Provided is a method of treating or preventing diabetes in a subject comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of (a) a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and (b) a DPP-IV inhibitor, to a subject that has or is at risk of having diabetes, whereupon diabetes is treated or prevented in the subject. The method optionally comprises administering a therapeutically effective amount of the compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, to the subject, in which the therapeutically effective amount is increased once or twice during the course of administration.

Abstract: The inventors have unexpectedly discovered that shock and/or potential multi-organ failure due to shock can be effectively treated by administration of liquid high-dose protease inhibitor formulations to a location upstream of where pancreatic proteases are introduced into the gastrointestinal tract. Most preferably, administration is directly to the stomach, for example, via nasogastric tube under a protocol effective to treat shock by such administration without the need of providing significant quantities of the protease inhibitor to the jejunum and/or ileum.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition for treating or preventing gastroesophageal reflux disease, which includes an organic solvent extract of Lonicerae Flos Thunberg. A fraction of the disclosed extract can be very effectively used for treating, preventing, or improving gastroesophageal reflux disease without side effects.

Abstract: A cytotoxic composition in which two moieties are conjugated covalently. A first moiety is a tax moiety, selected from the group consisting of taxanes, taxane derivatives, and or other closely relative compounds. A second moiety is an acid moiety selected from the group consisting of lipoic acid, acetylcysteine, compounds having an acidic group.

Abstract: Disclosed is the use of the compounds represented by formula (I) in the preparation of a medicament against tumor angiogenesis, wherein R1 and R2 are each independently C1-C8 alkylidene group or C2-C8 alkenylidene group; A1 and A2 are each independently aryl, isoaryl, or aryl or isoaryl optionally substituted by halogen, —CN, —NO2, —OH, —SH, —OR3, —SR3, —R3, —R3—OR4, —C(O)R3, —S(O)R3, —S(O)2R3, —NR4R5, —C(O)OR3, —C(O)NR4R5, —O(O)CR4, —S(O)CR4 or —NR4(O)CR5, wherein R3 is C1-C4 alkyl, R4 and R5 are each independently hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyl, aryl or substituted aryl; and X and Y are each independently oxygen; and the compound of formula (I) does not include phenethyl caffeate.

Abstract: Active compounds of Formula I are described: wherein: R1 and R2 are each independently C1-C4 alkyl; or R1 and R2 together form a C2-C7 alkylene chain; and Z is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID); along with pharmaceutically acceptable salts and prodrug thereof, and methods of using the same.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods for adjusting the dosage of PAA prodrugs (e.g., HPN-100, PBA) based on measurement of PAA and PAGN in plasma and calculating the PAA:PAGN ratio so as to determine whether PAA to PAGN conversion is saturated.

Abstract: A process for forming a solid electrolytic capacitor and an electrolytic capacitor formed by the process. The process includes: providing an anode wherein the anode comprises a porous body and an anode wire extending from the porous body; applying a thin polymer layer onto the dielectric, and forming a dielectric on the porous body to form an anodized anode; applying a first slurry to the anodized anode to form a blocking layer wherein the first slurry comprises a first conducting polymer with an median particle size of at least 0.05 ?m forming a layer of crosslinker on the blocking layer; and applying a layer of a second conducting polymer on the layer of crosslinker.

Abstract: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) can be prevented in persons susceptible to the diseases and PAH patients can be treated by administering an effective dose of a leukotriene inhibitor. Suitable inhibitors include leukotriene A4 hydrolase (LTA4H) inhibitors, leukotriene B4 receptor (BLT1/BLT2) antagonists, 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) inhibitors, and 5-lipoxgygenase activating protein (FLAP) inhibitors.

Abstract: Provided herein are self-assembling compounds that can form ion channels in lipid bilayers or cell membranes and ion-channel-forming compositions comprising the self-assembling compounds. Also provided are methods of making and using the ion channels formed from a plurality of molecules of the self-assembling compounds. Further, provided are methods of treating or preventing conditions and diseases that are related to the dysfunction of ion channels, including chloride channels.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of one or more compounds selected from the following classes of biologically active agents: an a-adrenergic antagonist, an anthelmintic agent, an antifungal agent, an antimalarial agent, an antineoplastic agent, an antipsychotic agent, an antioxidant, a vasodilator and/or a vitamin, or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative thereof, for use in the treatment of a microbial infection and in particular for killing multiplying, non-multiplying and/or clinically latent microorganisms associated with such an infection.

Abstract: The invention relates to (carboxylalkylenephenyl)phenyloxamides and their physiologically tolerated salts, and their use as a medicament.

Abstract: Phenylketone carboxylate compounds of Formula I, wherein n=2-6; R?C(0); —OC(O)— or —CH(OH)—; A is (CH2)mCOOH, W(CH2)mCOOH or YCH(COOH)((CH2)pCH3) when B is Ft B is (CH2)mCOOH, W(CH2)mCOOH or YCH(COOH)((CH2)pCH3) when A is Ft or A and B form a 5-7 membered cycloalkyl substituted with COOFt W=0, S or NFt Y=0,S,NH or CH2; m=0-2; p=1-7; have been prepared. These compounds and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts have beneficial therapeutic effects to prevent or treat a condition related to (l) blood disorders, (ii) inflammation related diseases, (iii) renal disorders and/or renal disorders complications, or (iv) fibrosis-related organ dysfunction.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention relates to substituted 2-hydroxy-4-(2-(phenylsulfonamido)acetamido)benzoic acid analogs, derivatives thereof, and related compounds, which are useful as inhibitors of STAT protein activity; synthetic methods for making the compounds; pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds; and methods of treating disorders of uncontrolled cellular proliferation associated with a STAT protein activity dysfunction using the compounds and compositions. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.

Abstract: Processes for preparing water soluble and oil soluble antioxidant compositions extracted together from Labiatae herbs in a single extraction using an alcohol and water solvent, followed by a simple, yet effective purification step that allows the separation of the water soluble antioxidative fractions containing mainly rosmarinic acid from antioxidative fractions containing mainly carnosic acid and carnosol, without cumbersome acid/base partitioning steps.

Abstract: Synthetic dicinnamate compounds and their analogues are disclosed that exhibit anti-tumor activity and/or an anti-inflammatory activity, and have beneficial activity principally in destroying cancer cells. Furthermore, methods for the extraction of the extracts are disclosed.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods for evaluating daily ammonia exposure based on a single fasting ammonia blood level measurement, as well as methods that utilize this technique to adjust the dosage of a nitrogen scavenging drug, determine whether to administer a nitrogen scavenging drug, and treat nitrogen retention disorders.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides novel poly(phenylene ethynylene) (PPE) compounds, methods for synthesizing these compounds, and materials and substances incorporating these compounds. The various PPEs show antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal activity.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition, comprising a therapeutically effective amount of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) compound represented by the following structural formula at least one acidifying agent; and a vehicle base comprising at least one pharmaceutically acceptable non-aqueous solvent. Values and preferred values of the variables in structural formula (I) are defined herein.

Abstract: Compounds that bind the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1) receptor are provided including compounds which are modulators of the GLP-1 receptors and compounds which are capable of inducing a stabilizing effect on the receptor for use in structural analyses of the GLP-1 receptor. Methods of synthesis, methods of therapeutic and/or prophylactic use, and methods of use in stabilizing GLP-1 receptor in vitro for crystallization of the GLP-1 receptor of such compounds are provided.

Abstract: Crystalline (2R)-2-phenylcarbonyloxypropyl (2S)-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate mesylate, hydrate, methods of making the hydrate, pharmaceutical compositions containing the hydrate, and methods of using the hydrate to treat diseases or disorders such as Parkinson's disease are provided.

Abstract: Compounds useful for the treatment of various metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance syndrome, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, fatty liver disease, cachexia, obesity, atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis, are disclosed.

Abstract: A chewing gum, creamer, powdered supplement or other confection, as a food supplement formulated to combine natural or artificial sweeteners and flavorings with CGA, packaged for retail sale to consumers, for providing an ideal bio-available delivery mode for CGA, a recognized antioxidant and natural metabolic stimulant, as a ready supplement for bioactive immune support and to aid users in management of weight loss, obesity and/or glucose management, or for general health and well-being of users.

Abstract: Agents useful for the treatment of various metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance syndrome, diabetes, polycystic ovary syndrome, hyperlipidemia, fatty liver disease, cachexia, obesity, atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis are disclosed. The agent is a compound of Formula (I): wherein m is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8; R1 is hydrogen or alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms; and R2 is hydrogen, halo, alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or alkoxy having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sulfur-containing compound and the preparation thereof. The invention also relates to the uses of the sulfur-containing compound in inhibiting inducible nitric oxide synthase and/or cyclooxygenase-2 and in treating the diseases associated with inducible nitric oxide synthase and/or cyclooxygenase-2. This invention also describes a series of chemical analogues of the said sulfur-containing compound and the preparation of these compounds.

Abstract: Described herein are compositions for topical use comprising an antibacterially effective concentration of a gallate or gallamide compound which is a polysubstituted cycloalkyl or heterocycloalkyl wherein the substituents are selected from hydroxy, hydroxymethyl, fluoro, chloro, amino, nitro, or a moiety of formula -X-(CO)-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl), wherein X is selected from O and NH, provided that the substituents comprise at least two moieties of formula -X-(CO)-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl) attached to adjacent carbons in free or in orally or topically acceptable salt form, as well as methods of making and using the same.

Abstract: A controlled release parenteral formulation for treatment of pain and inflammation is provided. The formulation includes an effective amount of: one or more active drug moiety. The drug moiety is selected from a group comprising aceclofenac or diclofenac or a combination thereof; One or more solvent moiety selected from a group comprising one or more of ethyl acetate, triacetin, di methyl iso sorbide, DMA, DMSO, PEG, PVP, PVA, Span 80, DCM, Benzyl alcohol, acetone or a combination thereof. The formulation, upon administration, has a release profile including an immediate burst release and the burst release is followed by a slow release of at least 18 to 24 hrs. The immediate burst release and the slow release of the drug moiety remains within the therapeutic window of the drug moiety.

Abstract: Provided is a process for producing a purified chlorogenic acid-containing preparation, which is useful for the production of a chlorogenic acid-containing beverage with reduced developability of turbidity even in an acidic range. The process for producing a purified chlorogenic acid-containing preparation according to the present invention includes a first step of dispersing or dissolving a chlorogenic acid-containing composition as a starting material in the presence of acid clay or activated clay in a mixed solvent of an organic solvent and water, a second step of removing a deposit from a dispersion or solution obtained by the first step, a third step of adjusting a concentration of chlorogenic acids and pH in a solution, which has been obtained by the second step, to from 1.5 to 10 mass % and from 2 to 4, respectively, and a fourth step of separating the deposit formed in a concentration-adjusted solution obtained by the third step.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved process for the preparation of (2R,3R)-3-(3-methoxyphenyl)-N,N,2-trimethylpentanamine which is an intermediate for the preparation of the analgesic tapentadol.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the field of cosmetic and/or food supplement. More specifically, the present invention aims to provide the use of at least an ingredient containing chicoric acid and/or derivatives and a micro-organism and/or an enzyme capable of hydrolyzing chicoric acid and/or derivatives thereof to generate tartaric and/or caffeic acid, for improving skin tone and preventing and/or treating hyper-pigmentation of skin and/or skin color imperfections such as age-spots and other skin disorders characterized by abnormal pigments. Also, the present invention aims at providing a skin lightening agent.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the field of food supplements and/or food products for cosmetic purpose. More specifically, the present invention aims to provide an ingredient containing caftaric acid and/or derivatives for preventing and/or treating hyper-pigmentation of skin, skin color imperfections such as age-spots and other skin disorders characterized by abnormal pigments. The present invention also aims at improving skin tone as well as providing a skin lightening agent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel carboxylic acid-substituted idebenone derivatives, skin treatment compositions containing these carboxylic acid-substituted derivatives, methods of treating skin changes by topical application of these carboxylic acid-substituted idebenone derivatives, and their methods of synthesis. The carboxylic acid-substituted idebenone derivatives of the present invention are unexpectedly effective in treating skin, particularly with respect to skin tolerance. When included in a topical composition, the carboxylic acid-substituted idebenone derivatives of the present invention have an antioxidant effect that is useful in treating a skin change.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the field of food supplements for cosmetic purpose. More specifically, the present invention aims to provide an ingredient containing chicoric acid and/or derivatives for preventing and/or treating hyper-pigmentation of skin, skin color imperfections such as age-spots and other skin disorders characterized by abnormal pigments. The present invention also aims at improving skin tone as well as providing a skin lightening agent.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods for evaluating daily ammonia exposure based on a single fasting ammonia blood level measurement, as well as methods that utilize this technique to adjust the dosage of a nitrogen scavenging drug, determine whether to administer a nitrogen scavenging drug, and treat nitrogen retention disorders.

Abstract: The invention relates a pharmaceutical composition comprising a combination of (i) the AT 1-antagonist valsartan or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and (ii) a NEP inhibitor or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and optionally a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and to a method for the treatment or prevention of selected conditions or diseases.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods for evaluating daily ammonia exposure based on a single fasting ammonia blood level measurement, as well as methods that utilize this technique to adjust the dosage of a nitrogen scavenging drug, determine whether to administer a nitrogen scavenging drug, and treat nitrogen retention disorders.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula I that inhibit microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) and/or apolipoprotein B (Apo B) secretion and their uses in the treatment of diseases linked thereto in animals are described herein.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound of formula I?; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R1, R2, R3, R5, B1, X and n are defined herein. The invention also relates a method for manufacturing the compounds of the invention, and its therapeutic uses. The present invention further provides a combination of pharmacologically active agents and a pharmaceutical composition.

Abstract: The present invention provides an extraction method that either does not use emulsifiers, organic solvents, and the like or can reduce the amount used of emulsifiers, organic solvents, and the like. In addition, the extraction method of present invention can also efficiently extract various components from various materials to be extracted, and can highly maintain potency and the like of the extracted components, in particular if the components are active agents. Furthermore, the extraction method of present invention has excellent safety. The extraction method of present invention is achieved by bringing materials to be extracted into contact with liquid containing ultra fine bubbles for extraction treatment. The ultra fine bubbles utilized during the extraction process preferably have a mode diameter of 500 nm or smaller and a concentration of 1,000,000 or more per 1 ml of liquid.

Abstract: The present invention provides a medicament that suppresses (or mitigates) various neurological symptoms caused by a peripheral nerve disorder induced by an anti-cancer agent.

Abstract: Fatty acid conjugates of salicylate derivatives and compositions thereof are disclosed. Further disclosed are methods for treating various diseases comprising the administration of an effective amount of at least one compound according to the present disclosure.

Abstract: The compound 3,3-dimethyl-butyric acid 4-((S)-2-amino-2-methoxycarbonyl-ethyl)-2-(3,3-dimethyl-butyryloxy)-phenyl ester of formula (I) has dopaminergic properties.