Abstract: Use of L-carnitine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for the preparation of an opthalmic physiological supplement or medicament in the form of eye-drops, for the treatment of corneal oedema.

Abstract: The subject invention concerns the reduction of protein aggregation in the neurons of a mammal through the use of a ketogenic treatment such as a ketogenic diet, a physical training regimen and/or administration of agents to increase fatty acid oxidation. Such ketogenic treatment can be useful in the reduction of certain aggregates including amyloid ? peptide, polyglutamine containing huntintin protein, polyglutamine containing androgen receptor, polyglutamine containing atrophin-1, polyglutamine containing ataxins, ?-synclein, prion protein, tau and superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1).

Abstract: Endoplasmic reticulum stress has been found to be associated with the genetic disease tuberous sclerosis. Tuberous sclerosis is cause by defects in the two genes, TSC1 and TSC2. Agents that modulate ER stress may be used to treat tuberous sclerosis and other hamartomatous diseases. In particular, 4-phenyl butyric acid (PBA) has been shown to reduce ER stress is TSC-deficient cells. Other compounds useful in reducing ER stress are chemical chaperones such as trimethylamine N-oxide arid glycerol may also be useful in treating tuberous sclerosis. The present invention provides methods of treating a subject suffering from tuberous sclerosis using ER stress reducers such as PBA, TUDCA, UDCA, and TMAO. Methods of screening for ER stress reducers by identifying agents that reduce levels of ER stress markers in TSC-deficient cells are also provided. These agents may find use in methods and pharmaceutical compositions for treating tuberous sclerosis.

Abstract: The present invention provides pharmaceutical uses of betaines, and especially glycine betaine, such as for the treatment of thromboses not induced by hyperhomocystenemia or homocystinuria, of blood disorders, such as blood coagulation and thrombi formation.

Abstract: Carnitines are nutraceuticals with indications in treating a variety of mental health disorders. A metabolomics-guided bioprocess method is presented to produce longer chain fatty acid esters of carnitines such as polyunsaturated fatty acid esters including eicosapentaenoyl-L-carnitine and/or docosahexaenyl-L-carnitine in germinating plant seeds. The resulting products from the plant seeds are used as a natural nutritional source of powerful human antioxidants.

Abstract: L-carnitine calcium fumarate and its preparation and applications are disclosed in the present invention. Having good water solubility as well as better and stronger nutritious and treating functions than the corresponding inner salts, the L-carnitine calcium fumarate as proposed having the advantages of being non-hygroscopic, stable in chemical property, and suitable for oral administration. A preparing method is as follow: fumaric acid is suspended in water and calcium base is added. The resulting mixture is heated up to 70˜90° C. and kept under stirring for 2˜8 hours, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The resulting dried substance is added into ethanol, and the mixture is vigorously stirred. The inner salt of L-carnitine is added, and the mixture is reacted for 1-6 hours at 60˜70° C. and then cooled for 2˜8 hours. L-carnitine calcium fumarate is obtained by filtration.

Abstract: An antimicrobial coating composition consisting essentially of 70 to 80 wt. percent water; 5 to 10 wt. percent methyl alcohol; 3 to 8 wt. percent octadecyl dimethyl trimethoxyl silylpropyl-ammonium chloride; 1 to 5 wt. percent chloropropyl trimethoxysilane; 0.5 to 1.5 wt. percent aminopropyltrialkosilane; 0.5 to 1.5 wt. percent of a surfactant; 1 to 1.5 wt. percent of an anti-microbial agent; and 0.5 to 2.5 wt. percent sulfuric acid.

Abstract: Stable and non-hygroscopic L-carnitine salts of organic acids are provided, each of which is present as a true complex salt, having the formula: wherein Z is acetate, propionate, or butyrate. In addition, processes for the preparation of these compounds are provided, together with the use of these compounds as a source of both L-carnitine and the calcium ion in nutrition or as a pharmaceutical active ingredient having therapeutic pharmacological activity.

Abstract: The present invention provides liposomal L-carnitine formulations and methods for the treatment of intermittent claudication. The formulation is optimized with respect to L-carnitine transport through skin in vitro. Preferably, the formulation is a topical cream for the administration of the drug directly on the muscle group that is most affected by the poor local blood flow.

Abstract: A method for preventing and/or treating peripheral neuropathies induced by the administration of an anticancer agent of the family of platin compounds, taxanes, epothilone class, vinca alkaloids, said method comprising the administration in a co-ordinated manner to a subject suffering from said peripheral neuropathies, or expected to suffer from said peripheral neuropathies, an effective amount of acetyl L-carnitine or of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In case of prevention, acetyl L-carnitine is administered to a subject, in view of the need of a treatment with an anticancer agent, immediately before or immediately after surgical removal of the tumor, but in any case before the administration of the anticancer agent. Acetyl L-carnitine can enhance the supportive effect of physiological NGF during chemotherapy-induced neuropathy, thus avoiding the problem of the local and general side effects of the exogenous administration of NGF which are a major problem of this neuroprotective strategy.

Abstract: Carnitine and Taurine Compounds are described. The Carnitine Compound comprises Carnitine and one of a Nitrate and a Nitrite. The Taurine Compound comprises Taurine and one of a Nitrate and a Nitrite.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of the acetyl L-carnitine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for the preparation of a medication for the preventive therapy for pain.

Abstract: The present invention covers zwitterionic, non-surface-active compounds in the form of carboxymethylated, short-chain dialkylaminoalkylamides and use thereof as therapeutic agent.

Abstract: Chemical formulations and methods for reducing muscle and joint soreness are disclosed. A representative chemical formulation includes compounds such as a selenium-compound, chondroitin sulfate, glucosamine, and/or methylsulfonylmethane. A representative method for reducing muscle and joint soreness includes administering the chemical formulation to a host.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition including at least one retinoid and at least one beta-aminoisobutyric acid derivative and the use thereof for the preparation of an article to be used for the topical application to skin, hair or nails.

Abstract: A method to enhance disease resistance in an animal comprising feeding the animal a diet enriched in antioxidants and providing behavioral enrichment. In one embodiment, the behavioral enrichment comprises exercising the animal regularly effective to cause behavioral enrichment, wherein the feeding and exercising combination is effective to increase neutrophil phagocytosis and B cell percentages.

Abstract: A first composition of drink ingredients specifically designed to lower cholesterol that addresses multiple mechanisms including hepatic synthesis and release, intestinal absorption of cholesterol, while, at the same time, including ingredients that mitigate the side effects of the constituents and increase their efficacy by affecting emotional factors that influence compliance such as a sense of well-being and euphoria on the one hand, or an increased overall metabolism and desire for the product stemming from its coloration on the other hand.

Abstract: A branched ester composition obtainable by the reaction of a carboxylic acid with a branched alcohol composition under esterification reaction conditions wherein the branched alcohol composition has from about 8 to about 36 carbon atoms and an average number of branches per molecule of from about 0.7 to about 3.0, said branching comprising methyl and ethyl branches. The present invention further relates to personal care compositions for topical application to the skin or hair comprising said branched ester composition. The branched ester composition of the invention provides improved formulation flexibility.

Abstract: This invention provides methods and compositions for inducing weight loss and maintaining optimum weight comprising administering an agent that stimulates carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1 (CPT-1) activity to the patient in need, including human patients. These methods do not require inhibition of fatty acid synthesis. In particular, this invention provides methods for development of therapeutics that selectively enhance fatty acid oxidation, increase energy production, and reduce adiposity while preserving lean mass, through the pharmacological stimulation of CPT-1 activity. In a preferred mode, the agent is administered in an amount sufficient to increase fatty acid oxidation. In another preferred mode, the agent is administered in an amount sufficient to antagonize malonyl CoA inhibition of CPT-1. In yet another preferred mode, the agent is administered in an amount sufficient to increase malonyl CoA level.

Abstract: L-carnitine, propionyl L-carnitine and/or acetyl L-carnitine are used to prevent or treat disorders of male andropause caused by ageing or by chemical or surgical castration.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions for the treatment of pilosebaceous gland inflammations, especially of the hair follicle and its appendages, in particular of Acne Vulgaris and Folliculitis, comprising as active ingredient AIF or chemical compounds which finally release AIF, or combinations of aluminum and fluoride salts which finally release AIF. AIF in accordance with the present invention relates to Aluminum fluoride (Aluminum Trifluoride; Aluminum Fluoride), CAS No 7784-18-1, EINECS No. 232-051-1, having an empirical formula of AIF3. Said compositions have, inter alia, pharmaceutical, cosmetic or quasi-cosmetic properties. The present invention also relates to the use of said compositions in said treatment, and to methods for the treatment of pilosebaceous gland inflammations with said compositions.

Abstract: The invention relates to the treatment or the reduction of the incidence of muscle wasting in humans and to a complete nutritional composition patients suffering from muscle wasting comprising betaine and preferably coenzyme Q10.

Abstract: Is described the use of propionyl L-carnitine, or a pharmaceutical salt thereof, for preparing a medicament for the prevention and/or treatment of left ventricular hypertrophy in ESRD or dialysed patients.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions effective in alleviating or reducing the effects of fatigue and weakness associated with cancer and cancer chemotherapy are disclosed. The pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention comprise riboflavin, effectors of the urea cycle in free form or pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof, and amino acids selected from the groups of essential and non-essential amino acids, in free form or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, suitably combined with appropriate carriers, diluents, or excipients. Also disclosed are methods of alleviating or reducing the effects of fatigue and weakness associated with cancer and cancer chemotherapy by administration of pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cosmetic preparation containing an emulsifier combination of polyacrylic acid salts, acrylate/C10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer and carrageenan and the use of the cosmetic preparation.

Abstract: The invention provides a nutrient composition for augmenting immune strength or physiological detoxification. The nutrient composition consists of an optimal combination of an effective amount of at least one vitamin antioxidant, at least one mineral antioxidant and a highly saturable amount of at least three high potency antioxidants. The at least one vitamin antioxidant can be vitamin C, bioflavonoid complex, vitamin E, vitamin B6 or beta-carotene and the at least one mineral antioxidant can be zinc or selenium. The at least three high potency antioxidants can be alpha lipoic acid, acetyl L-carnitine, N-acetyl-cysteine, co-enzyme Q10 or glutathione. Also provided is a nutrient composition for augmenting immune strength or physiological detoxification that consists of an optimal combination of an effective amount of at least three vitamin antioxidants, at least two mineral antioxidants and a highly saturable amount of at least three high potency antioxidants.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a pharmaceutical combination for the treatment of CNS disorders, which includes at least a first compound having therapeutic effect on the CNS, and a second compound which facilitates penetration through the hematoencephalic barrier of the former. The second compound is administered endonasally, and has refectory (mainly neuro- and vasoactive) effects over structures and receptors of nasal mucous membrane, mainly receptors of vomeronasal systems and trifacial nerve.

Abstract: This invention disclosed the use of acetyl L-carnitine or of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for the preparation of a medicament for preventing and/or treating peripheral neuropathies induced by the administration of a peripheral neuropathy—inducing anticancer agent. In particular said anticancer agent is selected from the group consisting of the family of platin compounds, taxanes, epothilone class and vinca alkaloids, farnesyl transferase inhibitors, thalidomide, 5-fluorouracil, cryptophycin analogues, proteasome inhibitors. Said medicament can be administered in a co-ordinated manner to a subject suffering from said peripheral neuropathies, or expected to suffer from said peripheral neuropathies. Beneficial effects on the patient's quality of life are achieved and an improvement of therapeutic index of the anticancer agent is obtained.

Abstract: Acetyl-L-carnitine (ALCAR) and L-carntine (LCAR) are nutraceuticals with indications in treating a variety of mental health disorders. A metabolomics-guided bioprocess method is presented to enhance ALCAR and LCAR formation in germinating plant seeds. Metabolic fluxes are manipulated by germination in bioreactors to increase oxygen availability as well as provide an aseptic environment to alter carbohydrate consumption and feedback repress gluconeogenesis. Large shifts in sunflower seed fatty acid, phospholipid and high-energy metabolism change the germination environment and these metabolic changes lead to an approximate 1000-fold increase in natural LCAR and ALCAR production by the seeds. The resulting LCAR and ALCAR products from the seeds are used for treating mental health disorders including Alzheimer's disease, geriatric depression, non-geriatric depression and schizophrenia.

Abstract: The invention concerns the use of monohydroxy or polyhydroxy amino acids, and the lactone forms thereof for making medicines with insulin-analogue and/or insulin-sensitizing effects on peripheral tissues targeted by insulin, and more particularly the use thereof for making medicines for treating and preventing insulin-resistance.

Abstract: A composition of bio-active compounds and methods for facilitating and supporting the metabolism and transport of glucose and carbohydrates into muscle cells. Preferably, the composition of bio-active compounds include 4-hydroxyisoleucine and one or more amino acids selected from the group consisting of arginine, aspartate, threonine, serine, glutamate, proline, glycine, alanine, cysteine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, tryptophan, phenylalanine, ornithine, lysine, histidine and gamma-amino butyrate. In one presently preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bio-active compounds are extracted from fenugreek seeds.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes a novel composition for the treatment and/or prevention of neurogenic inflammation. Such composition is also useful in the treatment and/or prevention of disease states and conditions associated with neurogenic inflammation. Such disease states and conditions include, but are not limited to, migraine headache, arthritis and fibromyalgia. The composition comprises nutrient compounds in a novel combination and formulation to treat and/or prevent neurogenic inflammation and disease states and conditions associated therewith. By reducing neurogenic inflammation, the compositions of the present disclosure reduce the symptoms associated with neurogenic inflammation, such as pain and systemic inflammation in general.

Abstract: A method for accelerating the process of removing ethanol from the blood through the use of certain additives that accelerate the metabolic oxidation of ethanol, and others which in addition act as catalysts or “pseudo” enzymes for the oxidation. These additives include multivalent transition metal ions, as well as complexes thereof, and NAD+ which enhance the oxidation reaction. The method described can act as a sobriety inducer and/or as an effective palliative for the unpleasant effects of overuse of ethanol.

Abstract: Food, feed or drug preparations are described that contain conjugated trans/cis-octadecatrienoic acid, and processes are described for their production. Inventive preparations preferably comprise calendic acid. The invention also relates to the use of the preparations to reduce food intake in humans and animals and to improve food utilization.

Abstract: Benzodiazepine withdrawal induced anxiety is treated by administration of an enkephalinase inhibitor, and a gamma-aminobutyric acid (“GABA”) precursor, or an endorphin or enkephalin releaser. These components promote restoration of normal neurotransmitter function and are non-addictive. Use of the enkephalinase inhibitor D-phenylalanine, the GABA precursor glutamine, the serotonin precursor 5-HTP, glycine, and taurine, in combination with coenzymatic functionality of folic acid is preferred for activation of ligand-gated Cl? channel in the central nervous system. Food supplement embodiments provide the human body nutritional supplements to intake certain neurotransmitter precursor substrates, thereby enabling patients of all ages to self-regulate their ability to quell perturbations to equilibrium and simultaneously to adverse effects upon normal physiological and psychological functioning attributable to induced anxiety and panic associated with benzodiazepine withdrawal.

Abstract: The present invention provides pharmaceutical formulations suitable for intravenous injection comprising a lyophilized anti-ulcerative agent reconstituted in isotonic solutions suitable for intravenous administration, such as 5% dextrose or 0.9% sodium chloride. The solutions are brought to a pH of between about 9 and about 12, preferably between about pH 10 and 11, by a glycine-sodium hydroxide buffer. Such formulations are chemically and physically stable, and do not significantly change color, for at least between about 6 and about 12 hours at room temperature, and are stable to color change for from between about 24 and 48 hours if kept at 5° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of creatine or creatine salts as a fat substitute to be given to breeding animals and feeder animals. The creatine or creatine salts are used as a substitute for flesh meal, fish meal and/or antimicrobial performance enhancers, growth hormones as well as anabolic agents.

Abstract: New salts of Meldonium, the method of their preparation, and pharmaceutical formulation on their basis have been described. The general formula of these salts is X?(CH3)3N+NHCH2CH2COOH where X? is an acid anion selected from the group of pharmaceutically acceptable acids. Practically non-hygroscopic and/or increased thermal stability and/or lasting action Meldonium hydrogen salts of fumaric acid, phosphoric acid, oxalic acid, maleic acid, and pamoic acid as well as Meldonium orotate and galactarate are especially suitable. Novel pharmaceutical formulations containing non-hygroscopic and/or increased thermal stability and/or and/or lasting action 3-(2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) propionate salts for oral parenteral, rectal, and transdermal introduction are concurrently described.

Abstract: A composition is disclosed which can be used as a health food/dietary supplement or as a drug for the prevention and/or treatment of lipid metabolism disorders and allergic forms and for activating organic defences against infections and tumor processes, containing as its characterizing components isovaleryl L-carnitine and a polysaccharide selected from glucans and galactans.

Abstract: The present invention provides improved methods and compositions for producing oocysts. The oocysts produced according to the invention find use in the manufacture of vaccines. In preferred embodiments, the present invention provides methods and compositions for the production of Eimeria oocysts. Vaccines containing Eimeria oocysts, sporocysts and/or sporozoites produced according to the present invention may be used to immunize birds against coccidiosis either in ovo or post hatch.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions containing 2,6-diisopropylphenol (propofol) are described for use as anaesthetics. A method for their preparation is described, as their use in producing anaesthesia including induction and maintenance of general anaesthesia and sedation.

Abstract: A method of stimulating osteoblastic activity comprising administering isovaleryl L-carnitine is disclosed.

Abstract: A composition that will substantially reduce the deleterious effects of alcohol on the body and substantially reduce the side effects associated with hangovers (i.e. headaches, dizziness, nausea, dry mouth, etc) when taken as recommended. The composition includes an effective amount of (I)-glycine, (I)-glutathione, thiamine, magnesium, selenium, molybdenum. Other vitamins, mineral compounds, flavoring, coloring, and solubility agents may also be added.

Abstract: A chemical compound is disclosed herein for performing a complex enzymatic neutralization and fixation of formaldehyde, providing a method for instantaneous neutralization of formaldehyde vapors and offering a complete and rapid control of incidental releases, and a complete protection of workers against airborne formaldehyde during the course of their work. The compound includes alkanolamine, for instantaneous reaction with formaldehyde, and for absorbing hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide from the air, and a human protein, which reacts with airborne formaldehyde and forms the major enzyme involved in formaldehyde oxidation in oral mucosa. The compound also contains cyclodextrins for inclusion complexation of all the components of spent and/or unused aqueous formaldehyde solutions.

Abstract: Disclosed are insect baits for attracting insects such as ants, flies and cockroaches. The baits include amino acids and a sugar. The baits can be combined with an insect toxicant to effectively control and eliminate insect populations. Methods for controlling insects using an insect bait of the invention are also disclosed.

Abstract: A dietary supplement for benefitting human bone health includes a calcium source, a source of vitamin D activity, and an osteoblast stimulant. A preferred calcium source is microcrystalline hydroxyapatite, which also contains protein (mostly collagen), phosphorus, fat, and other minerals. A preferred source of vitamin D activity is cholecalciferol, and a preferred osteoblast stimulant is ipriflavone. In addition to these basic ingredients, the composition can further include various other minerals known to occur in bone, vitamin C, and glucosamine sulfate, all of which exert beneficial effects on growth and maintenance of healthy bone. A method for benefitting human bone health involves administering a daily regimen of the dietary supplement.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a combination of a protease and an inner salt of a quaternary amine carboxylic acid for the preparation of an agent for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of coccidiosis and bacterial infections such as necrotic enterities in animals. Preferred embodiments of the invention comprise the inclusion of a xylanase and/or an ?-amylase in the agent. A nutritional additive comprising a combination of an inner salt of a quaternary amine carboxylic acid protease and (optionally) a xylanase and an ?-amylase is also disclosed. It can be used for improving the rate of weight gain of animals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of improving a treatment outcome comprising administering a heat shock protein (HSP) preparation or an ?-2-macroglobulin (?2M) preparation with a non-vaccine treatment modality. In particular, an HSP preparation or an ?2M preparation is administered in conjunction with a non-vaccine treatment modality for the treatment of cancer or infectious diseases. In the practice of the invention, a preparation comprising HSPs such as but not limited to, hsp70, hsp90 and gp96 alone or in combination with each other, noncovalently or covalently bound to antigenic molecules or ?2M, noncovalently or covalently bound to antigenic molecules is administered in conjunction with a non-vaccine treatment modality.

Abstract: This invention relates to biocidal compositions and methods of using same. Also provided is a process for the manufacturing of a biocidal composition in the form of a tablet and a method of using the biocidal compositions for the disinfection of water that may contain microorganisms and biofilms.

Abstract: Nutritional or therapeutic compositions containing glutamic acid, cystine, glycine and a selenium precursor and methods for their utilization to increase glutathione synthesis and thereby enhance the immune system are described.