Abstract: Provided are compounds which generally have a triketone structure. Examples of the compounds include derivatives of 1,3-cyclohexanedione, such as: 1,3-cyclohexanedione, 2-propanoyl-5-cyclohexyl-; 1,3-cyclohexanedione, 2-propanoyl-5-[4-fluorophenyl]-; 1,3-cyclohexanedione, 2-acetyl-5-[thien-2-yl]-; 1,3-cyclohexanedione, 2-acetyl-5-butyl-; and 1,3-cyclohexanedione, 2-propanoyl-5-[bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-en-5-yl]-. The compounds can be used to alter the lifespan of eukaryotic organisms and treat inflammation.

Abstract: A method for limiting the growth of microorganisms in a biomass that can he used for, or is the result of, the production of biofuels by treating said biomass with a compound selected from the group constituted by menadione, menadione derivatives and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A composition comprises surface-modified nanoparticles of at least one amphoteric metal oxide or oxyhydroxide. The nanoparticles bear, on at least a portion of their surfaces, a surface modification comprising (i) at least one surface modifier selected from lactate, thiolactate, and mixtures thereof, and (ii) at least one surface modifier selected from halide, nitrate, acetate, carbonate, formate, propionate, sulfate, bromate, perchlorate, tribromoacetate, trichloroacetate, trifluoroacetate, carboxylate comprising from one to about four alkyleneoxy moieties, chlorate, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: According to the invention there is provided a compound of formula (I): wherein R1, R2, R3 and n have meanings given in the description, or a pharmaceutically acceptable solvate, salt or prodrug thereof for use in the treatment of osteoporosis and/or osteopenia.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods of inducing differential stress resistance in a subject with cancer by starving the subject for a short term, administering a cell growth inhibitor to the subject, or reducing the caloric or glucose intake by the subject. The induced differential stress resistance results in improved resistance to cytotoxicity in normal cells, which, in turn, reduces cytotoxic side-effects due to chemotherapy, as well as improved effectiveness of chemotherapeutic agents.

Abstract: The invention encompasses dosing regimens in which a subject is administered menatetrenone over a period of time to establish initial therapeutic baseline blood concentration of the menatetrenone followed by a maintenance therapy to maintain therapeutic blood concentrations. In other embodiments, the invention encompasses methods of treating myelodysplastic syndrome in a subject in need thereof comprising administering to a subject a therapeutically effective dosing regimen of menatetrenone.

Abstract: The invention encompasses dosing regimens in which a subject is administered menatetrenone over a period of time to establish initial therapeutic baseline blood concentration of the menatetrenone followed by a maintenance therapy to maintain therapeutic blood concentrations. In other embodiments, the invention encompasses methods of treating promyelocytic leukemia in a subject in need thereof comprising administering to a subject a therapeutically effective dosing regimen of menatetrenone.

Abstract: The invention encompasses dosing regimens in which a subject is administered menatetrenone over a period of time to establish initial therapeutic baseline blood concentration of the menatetrenone followed by a maintenance therapy to maintain therapeutic blood concentrations. In other embodiments, the invention encompasses methods of treating hepatocellular adenocarcinoma in a subject in need thereof comprising administering to a subject a therapeutically effective dosing regimen of menatetrenone.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for reducing the frequency of urination are disclosed. One method comprises administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprising an analgesic agent formulated in an extended-release formulation. Another method comprises administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprising multiple active ingredients formulated for extended-release. Yet another method comprises administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a diuretic followed with another administration of a pharmaceutical composition comprising an analgesic agent formulated for extended-release.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the identification of provided cyclohexane-1,3-diones (CHD compounds) and pharmaceutical compositions thereof for treating subjects with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and other neurodegenerative diseases. The invention also provides methods of preparing the provided CHD compounds.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and compositions for treating and preventing a skin rash secondary to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) therapy, where the method comprises applying a vitamin K analog or a phosphatase inhibitor to the skin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of treating a patient for a condition where blood flow to a tissue or organ is interrupted. This method involves administering to a patient with a hypoxic condition where blood flow to a tissue or organ is interrupted, or at risk thereof, a compound that reduces the rate of HIF-1? inactivation in cells affected by the condition, thereby treating the patient for the condition. Also disclosed is a method of treating a tumor in a patient. In addition, the present invention relates to methods of identifying compounds as candidate drugs for treatment of hypoxic conditions and for treating tumors in a subject.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing an aqueous dispersion containing a high concentration of nano/submicron, hydrophobic, functional compounds. The process is carried out by using a complex stabilizer having an HLB value of about 10 to about 17, comprising lecithin and at least one non-phospholipid selected from polysorbate, sucrose ester, and polyglycerol fatty acid ester; selecting a specific weight ratio of the hydrophobic functional compounds and the stabilizer; and using homogenization technique, media milling technique, and/or centrifugal technique. The aqueous dispersion containing a high concentration of nano/submicron, hydrophobic, functional compound produced by the process of the invention has stable dispersibility and improved bioavailability, and can be applied to the fields of foods and pharmaceuticals.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for reducing the frequency of urination are disclosed. One method comprises administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprising an analgesic agent formulated in an extended-release formulation. Another method comprises administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprising multiple active ingredients formulated for extended-release. Yet another method comprises administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a diuretic followed with another administration of a pharmaceutical composition comprising an analgesic agent formulated for extended-release.

Abstract: The present invention provides a performance assay that measures the total antioxidant activity of a composition using oxygen uptake in contrast to prior art methods that measure antioxidant capacity by indirectly measuring degradation of a fluorescent compound by following the disappearance of fluorescence. Using the performance antioxidant assay of the present invention, an antioxidant composition having synergistic activity is provided by the present inventors that includes flavonoids such as the flavonol quercetin, mixed tocopherols or tocotrienols, grape skin extract, green tea extract and bush plum. The antioxidant activity of the present composition exceeds 6,000 micromoles Trolox equivalent units per gram using the present invention.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for reducing the frequency of urination are disclosed. One method comprises administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprising an analgesic agent formulated in an extended-release formulation. Another method comprises administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprising multiple active ingredients formulated for extended-release. Yet another method comprises administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a diuretic followed with another administration of an pharmaceutical composition comprising an analgesic agent formulated for extended-release.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for reducing the frequency of urination are disclosed. One method comprises administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprising an analgesic agent formulated in a delayed-release formulation. Another method comprises administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprising multiple active ingredients. Yet another method comprises administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a diuretic followed with another administration of an pharmaceutical composition comprising an analgesic agent.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for reducing the frequency of urination are disclosed. One method comprises administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprising an analgesic agent formulated in an extended-release formulation. Another method comprises administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprising multiple active ingredients formulated for extended-release. Yet another method comprises administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a diuretic followed with another administration of an pharmaceutical composition comprising an analgesic agent formulated for extended-release.

Abstract: The present invention is antibiotic compositions having the ability to disrupt a MazEF complex in S. aureus. The compositions also have the ability to inhibit growth of S. aureus and as such are useful as antibiotic compounds.

Abstract: Disclosed is a mixture of amphipathic molecules and a method for modifying cells in vivo by way of membrane fusion with these molecules.

Abstract: The present invention relates to naturally occurring and chemically synthesized small molecule antagonists of Bcl-2 family proteins. In particular, the present invention provides gossypol compounds (e.g., isomers, enantiomers, racemic compounds, metabolites, derivatives, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, in combination with acids or bases, and the like) and methods of using these compounds as antagonists of the anti-apoptotic effects of Bcl-2 family member proteins (e.g., Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, and the like). The present invention also provides compositions comprising gossypol compounds and optionally one or more additional therapeutic agents (e.g., anticancer/chemotherapeutic agents). The present invention also provides methods for treating diseases and pathologies (e.g., neoplastic diseases) comprising administering a composition comprising gossypol compounds and optionally one or more additional therapeutic agents (e.g., anticancer/chemotherapeutic agents) and/or techniques (e.g.

Abstract: The present invention discloses ?-diketones, ?-diketones or ?-hydroxyketones or analogs thereof, that activate Wnt/?-catenin signaling and thus treat or prevent diseases related to signal transduction, such as osteoporosis and osteoarthropathy; osteogenesis imperfecta, bone defects, bone fractures, periodontal disease, otosclerosis, wound healing, craniofacial defects, oncolytic bone disease, traumatic brain injuries related to the differentiation and development of the central nervous system, comprising Parkinson's disease, strokes, ischemic cerebral disease, epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia; eye diseases such as age related macular degeneration, diabetic macular edema or retinitis pigmentosa and diseases related to differentiation and growth of stem cell, comprising hair loss, hematopoiesis related diseases and tissue regeneration related diseases.

Abstract: A bio compatible free radical suspension, comprising of oxygen and electronically modified reaction intermediates, where a fluorocarbon is used as an inert medium for stabilization of reaction intermediates. A stabilized bio compatible electronically modified derivative suspension is produced by the subjecting a fluorocarbon to certain stressors, such as oxidizing agents, reactive intermediates, physiological gases, benzo-?-pyrone derivatives, ultrasonic-cavitation, electric fields, magnetic fields, UV radiation, active metal catalyst, surfactant reactants, buffers, electrolytes, glucose, glucose derivatives, for the purpose of inducing a cascading immune response.

Abstract: Methods of using apogossypol and its derivatives for treating inflammation is disclosed. Also, there is described a group of compounds having structure A, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate, N-oxide, or solvate thereof are provided: wherein each R is independently H, C(O)X, C(O)NHX, NH(CO)X, SO2NHX, or NHSO2X, wherein X is hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, alkylaryl, substituted alkylaryl, heterocycle, or substituted heterocycle. Compounds of group A may be used for treating various diseases or disorders, such as cancer.

Abstract: Methods are provided for increasing utrophin promoter activity, utrophin expression or utrophin activity, and treating or reducing the symptoms of muscular dystrophy by administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a composition comprising a utrophin promoter or activity upregulator. Muscular dystrophy includes but is not limited to Duchenne muscular dystrophy, Becker's muscular dystrophy, limb girdle muscular dystrophy, or a disease characterized by mutation or dysregulation of the dystrophin gene or an aberrant or dysfunctional dystrophin.

Abstract: A phospholipid gel is spontaneously formed when combining a first phospholipid, a second phospholipid, and water, wherein the first phospholipid is a neutral phospholipid and the second phospholipid is a negatively charged phospholipid. The first and second phospholipids are of natural origin, semi-synthetic origin, or synthetic origin. Preferably, they are di(C8-C22 acyl) phosphatidyl choline and di(C8-C22 acyl) phosphatidyl glycerol. The total phospholipid concentration is within a range of 6-40% by weight.

Abstract: The inventors have found that vitamin K3 and vitamin K5 which may be used in pharmaceuticals and foods or ACNQ, DHNA, or the like which can stimulate the growth of bifidobacteria can inhibit degranulation of basophil-like cells, exhibit a potent degranulation-inhibiting effect, and are useful anti-allergic agents or foods. The present invention provides an anti-allergic agent containing, as an active ingredient, one or more species selected from among 2-amino-3-carboxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoic acid, 1,4-naphthoquinone, 4-amino-2-methyl-1-naphthol, 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone, 2-amino-3-chloro-1,4-naphthoquinone, and a salt thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a controlled release pharmaceutical or food formulation comprising at least one active pharmaceutical or food ingredient dispersed in a mixture of a glycogen with a polysaccharide, and the process for its preparation. The invention also relates to a slow release system represented by a mixture of a glycogen with a polysaccharide, and its use for the preparation of slow release pharmaceutical or food formulations.

Abstract: The present invention provides an orally disintegrating tablet with improved photostability of a medicament unstable to light. The orally disintegrating tablet has an inner core and an outer layer that covers the surface of the inner core, wherein the inner core contains the medicament unstable to light and the outer layer contains a light-absorbing substance such as Red No. 2, Red No. 3, Yellow No. 4, Yellow No. 5, Blue No. 1, Red No. 3 aluminum lake, Yellow No. 4 aluminum lake, Yellow No. 5 aluminum lake, Blue No. 1 aluminum lake, Blue No. 2 aluminum lake, red ferric oxide, yellow ferric oxide, black iron oxide, carmine, or sodium copper chlorophyllin.

Abstract: Certain embodiments in the present invention provide for methods for therapy of lung diseases and other conditions such as infection are provided. In certain embodiments, the methods comprise one or more agents capable of increasing thiol-containing compound transport via a transporter system (i.e., ABC transporters such as MDR-1 or MRP-2) in cells. Other embodiments can include the use of agents to modulate transport of thiol-containing compounds from the cell such as thiocyanate. In certain embodiments, therapeutic methods involve the administration of such agents to a patient afflicted with an inflammatory condition or infection responsive to stimulation of thiol-containing compound transport.

Abstract: An object is to provide a novel therapeutic drug for adult T-cell leukemia having an ATL cell specific antitumor effect. The therapeutic drug for adult T-cell leukemia according to the invention is characterized by containing a compound represented by the formula I or a prodrug thereof, wherein R1 is H, OH, an alkoxy group, an acyl group, or a thioacyl group, R2 is an acyl group, a thioacyl group, CONR7R8, or CSNR7R8 (R7 and R8 being each independently H, an alkyl group containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or a phenyl group), or R1 and R2 together may form a ring, X1 and X2 may be the same or different and are each —CR3R4—, —SiR3R4— or oxygen, and R3 and R4 may be the same or different and are each an alkyl group containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

Abstract: In alternative embodiments, this invention provides compositions and methods for treating cancer or any condition caused by dysfunctional cells, side effects from treatments for cancer or any condition caused by dysfunctional cells, e.g., mucositis therapies (e.g., for oral mucositis; digestive mucositis; esophageal mucositis; intestinal mucositis). In alternative embodiments, the invention provides cytoprotection products that may be used either alone or in combination with other medical therapies such as cancer chemotherapies and radiation therapies.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds, compositions and methods that can be used for the attenuation of damage to sensory hair cells and symptoms thereof. More particularly, the invention identifies drugs that can be used to protect sensory hair cells from ototoxic medications, noise-induced damage and age-related loss.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical implant may include a pharmaceutical and at least one excipient, and may be configured to be implanted in a body of a patient. The at least one excipient may dissolve after implantation of the pharmaceutical implant in the body of the patient and release the pharmaceutical. In some examples, the pharmaceutical implant includes at least two pharmaceuticals. The at least one excipient may be selected to provide a desired release profile of the pharmaceutical. For example, the pharmaceutical implant may be configured to dissolve and release the pharmaceutical over a length of time between about one day and about 30 days. In some examples, the pharmaceutical implant may be implanted in the body of the patient proximate to an implantable medical device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of agomelatine, or N-[2-(7-methoxy-1-naphthyl)ethyl]acetamide, on its own or in association, in obtaining medicaments intended for the treatment of bipolar disorders, especially bipolar disorders of types I and II, and more especially bipolar disorders of type I.

Abstract: Certain embodiments of the methods and compositions of matter disclosed herein relate to: “simultaneous” control of rodents and at least one insect pest (e.g., cockroach, ant, tick) using the same bait; control of ticks by orally administering to mammals a diet composition comprising fipronil; enhancing insecticide efficacy through use of a diet composition that comprises a Generation-I rodenticide and an insecticide; use of imidacloprid in a diet composition orally administerable to mammals in an uncontrolled setting; and use of at least one insecticide to enhance the efficacy of a rodenticide.

Abstract: The RhoE GTPase pathway has been identified as a target for screening and treatment methods for the prevention and/or reduction of short- and long-term UVB-induced skin damage, e.g., the prevention and/or reduction of UVB-induced wrinkles. The invention thus features screening and treatment methods for prevention or reduction of UVB-induced sin damage, and related compositions, e.g., cosmetic compositions.

Abstract: Compositions and method for augmenting tissue after delivery to localized area. The compositions include a hydrogel and a dermal filler. The hydrogel can polymerize and/or crosslink upon a first trigger event. The dermal filler can also optionally crosslink upon a second trigger event.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compositions comprising a nanoparticulate vitamin K2 having improved bioavailability. The nanoparticulate vitamin K2 particles of the composition have an effective average particle size of less than about 2000 nm and are useful in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. The invention also relates to a controlled release composition comprising a vitamin K2 or a nanoparticulate vitamin K2 that in operation delivers the drug in a pulsed or multi-modal manner for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to naphthoquinone derivatives isolated from solid callus cultures from two species of the palaeotropical plant families Dioncophyllaceae and Ancistrocladaceae. It further relates to methods of their production as well as to their use as antiinfective and antitumoral pharmaceuticals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of general formula (1): in which, independently of each other, R1 and R2 represent: —OH, or —CH2—O—R3, or —CH2—S—R3, or R3, R4, R5 and R6 representing, independently of each other, —H or a carbon-containing group with 1 to 10 carbon atoms, saturated or unsaturated, optionally substituted with one or more heteroatomic groups. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds, and their uses, in particular in the context of the treatment of cancer.

Abstract: The present invention discloses highly stabilized nicotinamide (NA) formulated vitamin K3 derivative particles, whereby the NA forms a physical protective layer (both continuous and discontinuous) leading to highly stabilized vitamin K3 derivative particles, as well as a process for their production.

Abstract: It is found that compounds having PPAR? agonistic activity induced abnormal blood coagulation or muscular disorder. A pharmaceutical combination comprising vitamin K and a compound having PPAR? agonistic activity can prevent the abnormal blood coagulation. A pharmaceutical composition comprising vitamin K can prevent muscular disorder.

Abstract: This patent describes a method and materials to treat cancer diagnosed at an early stage, particularly breast cancer. It considers that metastatic breast cancer growth includes periods of dormancy, that surgery to remove a primary tumor can induce metastatic growth, and that women with Down Syndrome rarely get breast cancer. It elevates the level of an antiangiogenic drug produced by chromosome 21 preferably Endostatin in plasma preferably at least one day prior to surgery and kept at that high level preferably indefinitely. In one embodiment, the therapy specifically excludes drugs that significantly inhibit the VEGF pathway since that is important for wound healing. This method will prevent results of surgery from stimulating tumor growth and angiogenesis of micrometastatic disease that is much easier to prevent than control after the fact. This can be done indefinitely since there is no acquired resistance that develops, as happens in most cancer therapies.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions containing one or more proteins, one or more polysaccharides and one or more fat-soluble active ingredients and their use for the enrichment, fortification and/or coloration of food beverages, animal feed and/or cosmetics.

Abstract: Methods for treating or reducing the risk of transmission of chlamydia to a recipient by topically applying a metalloprotease inhibitor to a site on the recipient which is likely to be exposed to Chlamydia. Topical compositions containing metalloprotease inhibitors are also disclosed for treating or reducing the risk of transmission of Chlamydia, as well as barrier contraceptive devices coated therewith.

Abstract: A stabilizer-free system for transporting active substances in a biological system of one or more active substances and magnetic particles, which is characterized in that the particles are provided with active substance(s) on at least part of their surface, is claimed. Modification of the magnetic particles is not absolutely required in this system. It can be incorporated both into aqueous and oily suspensions and into microemulsions, oil-in-water emulsions, water-in-oil emulsions and also water-in-oil-in-water emulsions.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and compositions for treating and preventing a skin rash secondary to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) therapy, where the method comprises applying a vitamin K analog or a phosphatase inhibitor to the skin.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes the design and synthesis of a novel class of water soluble curcumin-based compounds. These water soluble curcumin-based compounds are shown to provide superior cell killing activity and exhibit increased and cell internalization solubility in aqueous solutions as compared to the free (unconjugated) curcumin. The present disclosure provides compositions for the treatment or prevention of a variety of disease states or conditions, such as but not limited to, cancer, other cell hyperproliferative disorders and chronic inflammatory conditions, said compositions comprising a water soluble curcumin-based compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of general formula (1): in which, independently of each other, R1 and R2 represent: —OH, or —CH2—O—R3, or —CH2—S—R3, or R3, R4, R5 and R6 representing, independently of each other, —H or a carbon-containing group with 1 to 10 carbon atoms, saturated or unsaturated, optionally substituted with one or more heteroatomic groups. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds, and their uses, in particular in the context of the treatment of cancer.