Abstract: The present invention relates to a chimeric protein that includes an N-terminus coupled to a C-terminus, where the N-terminus includes a portion of a paracrine fibroblast growth factor (“FGF”) and the C-terminus includes a C-terminal portion of an FGF21 molecule. The portion of the paracrine FGF is modified to decrease binding affinity for heparin and/or heparan sulfate compared to the portion without the modification. The present invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions including chimeric proteins according to the present invention, methods for treating a subject suffering from diabetes, obesity, or metabolic syndrome, and methods of screening for compounds with enhanced binding affinity for the ?Klotho-FGF receptor complex involving the use of chimeric proteins of the present invention.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for treating one or more complications of diabetes in a mammal. The method comprises administering to a mammal in need thereof an effective amount of an aromatic-cationic peptide having at least one net positive charge; a minimum of four amino acids; a maximum of about twenty amino acids; a relationship between the minimum number of net positive charges (pm) and the total number of amino acid residues (r) wherein 3 pm is the largest number that is less than or equal to r+1; and a relationship between the minimum number of aromatic groups (a) and the total number of net positive charges (pt) wherein 2a is the largest number that is less than or equal to pt+1, except that when a is 1, pt may also be 1.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method, composition and kit for treatment of inflammatory disease and disorder using PKC isoform modulators. Exemplary modulators include inhibitors of PKC-alpha, PKC-epsilon and PKC-eta, as well as activators of PKC-delta.

Abstract: The invention relates to polypeptides comprising an amino acid sequence which is an analogue of pramlintide, pharmaceutical compositions comprising these polypeptides, and these polypeptides for use as medicaments.

Abstract: The invention provides a novel Exendin variant and the Exendin variant conjugate conjugating polymer thereon, the pharmaceutical composition comprising them and use of them for treating diseases such as reducing blood glucose, treating diabetes, especially Type II diabetes. The invention also provides the use of Exendin conjugate for lowering body weight.

Abstract: The invention relates to polypeptides comprising an amino acid sequence which is an analogue of human amylin, pharmaceutical compositions comprising these polypeptides, and these polypeptides for use as medicaments.

Abstract: The present invention provides peptides and peptide analogs capable of inhibiting the activity of protein kinase C. The invention discloses use of such peptides and analogs for preparation of pharmaceutical compositions and methods for prevention, delay, suppression or treatment of type 2 diabetes using such compositions.

Abstract: Disclosed are method for treating diabetes, a protein for treatment of diabetes, and pharmaceutical composition comprising the same. The protein is human mature chemerin, which can be used to treat diabetes, in particular type 2 diabetes, inter alia to treat diabetes in a patient who is concurrently administered with insulin.

Abstract: The present invention is further directed to methods and compositions for modulating the activity of the Toso protein. The invention further encompasses treatment of disorders associated with inflammation, autoimmune disorders, and cancer using compositions that include a soluble Toso protein.

Abstract: The invention relates to use of the natural cytotoxicity receptor NKp46 for preventing and treating diabetes, including type I diabetes (TID) and type 2 diabetes. In particular, the invention provides compositions comprising a fragment of the extracellular region of NKp46 for preventing the onset and progression of diabetes.

Abstract: We describe peptides and their uses for the treatment of autoimmune, inflammatory and metabolic diseases.

Abstract: The present invention provides the use of ?arrestin2 protein or its up-regulators for manufacturing a composition for the prevention or treatment of insulin resistance or related disease in mammals. The reagents and the kits for the specific identification of ?arrestin2 protein or its coding gene or transcript are also provided which can be used in diagnosis of insulin resistance or related diseases.

Abstract: The present invention relates to chimeric proteins that include an N-terminus coupled to a C-terminus, where the N-terminus includes an N-terminal portion of fibroblast growth factor 21 (“FGF21”) and the C-terminus includes a C-terminal portion of fibroblast growth factor 19 (“FGF19”). The present invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions including chimeric proteins according to the present invention, as well as methods for treating a subject suffering from diabetes, obesity, or metabolic syndrome, methods of treating a subject in need of increased FGF21-?Klotho-FGF receptor complex formation, methods of causing increased FGF21 receptor agonist-?Klotho-FGF receptor complex formation, and methods of screening for compounds with enhanced binding affinity for the ?Klotho-FGF receptor complex involving the use of chimeric proteins of the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel chimeric molecules of ficolin-associated polypeptides, such as fusion polypeptides for the use in the treatment of conditions associated with inflammation, apoptosis, autoimmunity, coagulation, thrombotic or coagulopathic related diseases. The present invention further relates to nucleic acid molecules encoding such fusion polypeptides, vectors and host cells used in the production of the fusion polypeptides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an agent for use as a modulator of apoptosis-factor-associated cell death, apoptosis, cell survival, migration and/or proliferation, a method of diagnosing or monitoring apoptosis-factor-associated conditions or disorders as well as a method of identifying a modulator of apoptosis-factor-associated cell death, apoptosis, cell survival, migration and/or proliferation. Preferably, the invention relates to TRAIL-induced cell death and/or TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Preferably the agents are used to stimulate and/or enable TRAIL-induced cell death or to inhibit TRAIL-induced cell death. The preferable use of the diagnostic tools is to diagnose sensitivity or resistance to TRAIL-induced cell death or induction of sensitivity or resistance to TRAIL-induced cell death by an agent.

Abstract: A method for preventing or delaying the onset of autoimmune diseases is disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to methods for preventing and/or treating pancreatic disorders, particularly those related to diabetes, by administering a neurturin protein product.

Abstract: The present invention relates, inter alia, to certain peptide conjugates, and to the use of the conjugates in the treatment of a variety of diseases or disorders, including diabetes (type 1 and/or type 2) and diabetes-related diseases or disorders.

Abstract: Methods of treating individuals with a glucose metabolism disorder, and compositions thereof, are provided.

Abstract: A peptide or peptidomimetic comprising an amino acid sequence based on conserved regions of IL10 or IFN-gamma receptor sequences, and related compounds and compositions, as well as methods for the use thereof to inhibit cytokine signaling.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel compositions comprising analogs of naturally occurring polypeptides, wherein the analog comprises an a-amino acid and at least one ?-amino acid. Administration of the compositions may be used for effecting treatment or prevention of a plurality of disease states caused by dysfunctional biochemical or biological pathways. The compositions and methods of this invention are particularly useful to identify novel therapeutic modulators of in-vivo receptor activity with extended half-lives and relevant bioactivity as compared to the naturally translated polypeptides upon which the analogs are derived.

Abstract: The invention relates to use of the natural cytotoxicity receptor NKp46 for preventing and treating diabetes, including type I diabetes (TID) and type 2 diabetes. In particular, the invention provides compositions comprising a fragment of the extracellular region of NKp46 for preventing the onset and progression of diabetes.

Abstract: Nuclear Transport Modifiers such as cSN50 and cSN50.1, afford in vivo islet protection following a 2-day course of intense treatment in autoimmune diabetes-prone, non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, a widely used model of Type 1 diabetes (T1D), which resulted in a diabetes-free state for one year without apparent toxicity and the need to use insulin. cSN50 precipitously reduces the accumulation of islet-destructive autoreactive lymphocytes while enhancing activation-induced cell death of T and B lymphocytes derived from NOD mice. cSN50 attenuated pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine production in immune cells in this model of human T1D. cSN50 also provides cytoprotection of beta cells, therefore preserving residual insulin-producing capacity. Because intracellular delivery of a Nuclear Transport Modifier peptide such as cSN50 and cSN50.

Abstract: The present invention is related with the field of the medicine, particularly with the use of an APL peptide or its analogues derived from the human heat shock protein of 60 kDa, for the manufacture of a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis and diabetes mellitus type 1. This peptide is biodistributed into the gastrointestinal tract and also promotes the induction of apoptosis in activated intestinal lamina propria and peripheral blood T cells of patients with Crohn's disease. Furthermore, this peptide induces apoptosis in mononuclear cells of patients with diabetes mellitus type 1.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods of treating Type 1-diabetes by administering a therapeutically effective amount of an Insulin-like Growth Factor-binding protein-2. The present invention is also directed to methods treating Type 2 diabetes by administering a therapeutically effective amount of Insulin-like Growth Factor-binding protein-2. The present invention is further directed to methods treating insulin resistance by administering a therapeutically effective amount of Insulin-like Growth Factor-binding protein-2. The present invention is directed to methods of treating hepatic steatosis by administering a therapeutically effective amount of an Insulin-like Growth Factor-binding protein-2. The present invention is also directed to methods lowering blood glucose and serum insulin in non-diabetic subjects by administering a therapeutically effective amount of Insulin-like Growth Factor-binding protein-2.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel analogs of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), which are agonists for the PACAP/vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) receptors: PAC1, VPAC1 and VPAC2 receptors. These PACAP analogs can be used as prophylactic/therapeutic agents for a wide range of medical disorders, including (but not limited to) cancer and autoimmune disease. These PACAP analogs can be coupled to suitable radionuclides and used in the localization, diagnosis and treatment of disseminated cancers and metastatic tumors, or coupled to small molecule therapeutics and used as vectors for targeted drug delivery. This invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions of one or more PACAP-like compounds of the invention either alone or in combination with one or more other prophylactic/therapeutic agents.

Abstract: The invention relates to polypeptides comprising an amino acid sequence which is an analogue of pramlintide, pharmaceutical compositions comprising these polypeptides, and these polypeptides for use as medicaments.

Abstract: The invention relates to the field of biomedical and pharmacological research, in particular to the area of immunology, allergies and autoimmune diseases. The inventors have shown that SWAP-70 is a higher-level regulator for STAT-6 and BCL-6, the regulator being specific for IgE production in B-cells by amplifying the effect of STAT-6 and antagonizing the effect of BCL-6. The inventors have observed no influence of SWAP-70 on the expression of other genes that are likewise regulated by STAT-6 and/or BCL-6. In summary, it can be concluded that SWAP-70 positively regulates IgE production by shifting the interaction of the two antagonists STAT-6 and BCL-6 with regulatory elements of the IgE gene in favor of the activator STAT-6. Based on said findings, the invention provides a screening method which allows for identifying novel active agents that specifically inhibit IgE production.

Abstract: A method for regenerating pancreatic tissue using recombinant periostin protein, a nucleic acid encoding said periostin and pharmaceutical compositions comprising said periostin are disclosed. Isolation of a nucleic acid encoding a periostin isoform, panc, is also taught.

Abstract: This invention relates to molecules, particularly polypeptides, more particularly fusion proteins that include a serpin polypeptide or an amino acid sequence that is derived from a serpin and second polypeptide comprising of at least one the following: an Fc polypeptide or an amino acid sequence that is derived from an Fc polypeptide; a cytokine targeting polypeptide or a sequence derived from a cytokine targeting polypeptide; a WAP domain containing polypeptide or a sequence derived from a WAP containing polypeptide; and an albumin polypeptide or an amino acid sequence that is derived from a serum albumin polypeptide. This invention also relates to methods of using such molecules in a variety of therapeutic and diagnostic indications, as well as methods of producing such molecules.

Abstract: The invention relates to polypeptides comprising an amino acid sequence which is an analogue of pramlintide, pharmaceutical compositions comprising these polypeptides, and these polypeptides for use as medicaments.

Abstract: Methods for elevating and stabilizing prolactin levels in a mammal including methods of treating disorders and conditions associated with reduced serum levels of prolactin are provided. Also provided are methods of using certain synthetic tetrapeptide amides which are peripherally selective kappa opioid receptor agonists to elevate or stabilize serum prolactin levels.

Abstract: The invention relates to polypeptides comprising an amino acid sequence which is an analogue of pramlintide, pharmaceutical compositions comprising these polypeptides, and these polypeptides for use as medicaments.

Abstract: The invention relates generally to chaperonin 10 N-terminal variants. More specifically, the invention relates to chaperonin 10 N-terminal variants with enhanced immunomodulatory capacity and/or enhanced binding affinity for pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and/or damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs).

Abstract: The invention discloses a combined preparation containing IL-10 and rapamycin, able to induce immunosuppression and antigen-specific immune tolerance, and the use thereof in the treatment of diseases involving an excessive, dysfunctional or uncontrolled immune responses mediated by T cells.

Abstract: Methods are provided for identifying agents that modulate intracellular calcium. Also provided are methods of modulating calcium within cells and methods of identifying proteins involved in modulating intracellular calcium.

Abstract: Provided are oligopeptide antigens to AI4-like T cells, and mouse proteins comprising those antigens. The oligopeptide antigens comprise the amino acid sequence XX(I/D/F/L)ENY(I/L)(E/W/Y)(L/M) or VMLENYTHL. Additionally provided are methods for treating a mammal having or at risk for type 1 diabetes using these antigens, or compounds which reduce or eliminate expression of these antigens. Kits comprising these antigens, and methods for determining whether a mammal is at risk for or has type 1 diabetes are also provided.

Abstract: This invention provides new therapeutic peptides, i.e. new protracted Exendin-4 compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and the use of such.

Abstract: A method for the prevention of hypoglycaemia in diabetes mellitus type 2 comprising administering (a) desPro36Exendin-4(1-39)-Lys6-NH2 or/and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and (b) a sulfonyl urea or/and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, to a subject in need thereof.

Abstract: Provided herein are tissue protective peptides derived from or sharing consensus sequences with portions of cytokine receptor ligands, including Erythropoietin (EPO), that are generally located on or within the region of the cytokine receptor ligand that faces away from a receptor complex while the ligand is bound to the receptor. Also provide herein are fragments, chimeras, as well as peptides designed to mimic the spatial localization of key amino acid residues within the tissue protective receptor ligands, e.g., EPO; methods for treating or preventing a disease or disorder using tissue protective peptides; and methods for enhancing excitable tissue function using tissue protective peptides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods for treating autoimmune diseases, such as diabetes, by administering to a subject a CTLA4 molecule that block endogenous B7 molecules from binding their ligands.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of preparing a GLP-1 compound that is soluble in aqueous solution at pH 7.4 from a GLP-1 compound that is substantially insoluble in aqueous solution at pH 7.4. The insoluble GLP-1 compound is dissolved in aqueous base or in aqueous acid to form a GLP-1 solution. The GLP-1 solution is then neutralized to a pH at which substantially no amino acid racemization of the GLP-1 compounds occurs, after which the soluble GLP-1 compound is isolated from the neutralized solution.

Abstract: The invention generally relates to improved methods for the treatment or prophylaxis in animal subjects (including humans) of autoimmune disorders including Type I diabetes, septic shock, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and Crohn's disease.

Abstract: GLP-2 analogues are disclosed which comprise one of more substitutions as compared to [hGly2]GLP-2 and which improved biological activity in vivo and/or improved chemical stability, e.g., as assessed in in vitro stability assays. More particularly, preferred GLP-2 analogues disclosed herein comprise substitutions at one or more of positions 8, 16, 24 and/or 28 of the wild-type GLP-2 sequence, optionally in combination with further substitutions at position 2 (as mentioned in the introduction) and one or more of positions 3, 5, 7, 10 and 11, and/or a deletion of one or more of amino acids 31 to 33 and/or the addition of a N-terminal or C-terminal stabilizing peptide sequence. The analogues are particularly useful for the prophylaxis or treatment of stomach and bowel-related disorders and for ameliorating side effects of chemotherapy. Also disclosed are methods and kits for selecting a patient from populations suited for treatment with GLP-2 analogues.

Abstract: Embodiments herein concern compositions and methods for treating diabetes in a subject.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition containing Substance P for preventing or treating an inflammation. The composition containing Substance P according to the present invention exhibits the effect of decreasing leukocytes, neutrophils and hematopoietic stem cells in a blood, which are associated with the inflammation, and of increasing anti-inflammatory cytokines, regulatory T-lymphocytes, anti-inflammatory macrophages and the like, thereby terminating inflammatory response at an early stage, and is thus highly effective in preventing and treating the inflammation caused by a non-traumatic, traumatic, infectious or ischemic retinal injury.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and compositions for identifying agents that modulates 138-kDa C2 domain-containing phosphoprotein (CDP138) activity or phosphorylation levels both in vivo and in vitro. Also provided are methods and compositions to prolong the survival of neuronal cells, to ameliorate or prevent a condition associated with release of insulin from insulin producing cells and insulin-stimulated glucose metabolism, to inhibiting proliferation of a cancer cell and to inducing cell cycle arrest of a cancer cell.

Abstract: The invention provides a novel Exendin variant and the Exendin variant conjugate conjugating polymer thereon, the pharmaceutical composition comprising them and use of them for treating diseases such as reducing blood glucose, treating diabetes, especially Type II diabetes. The invention also provides the use of Exendin conjugate for lowering body weight.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds having a function of a peptide in the amylin family, related nucleic acids, expression constructs, host cells, and processes production of the compounds. The compounds of the invention include one or more amino acid sequence modifications. In addition, methods and compositions are disclosed to treat and prevent metabolic disorders such as obesity, diabetes, and increased cardiovascular risk.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of preparing a GLP-1 compound that is soluble in aqueous solution at pH 7.4 from a GLP-1 compound that is substantially insoluble in aqueous solution at pH 7.4. The insoluble GLP-1 compound is dissolved in aqueous base or in aqueous acid to form a GLP-1 solution. The GLP-1 solution is then neutralized to a pH at which substantially no amino acid racemization of the GLP-1 compounds occurs, after which the soluble GLP-1 compound is isolated from the neutralized solution.