Abstract: The invention provides compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and methods for treating atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, thrombosis, and for decreasing or prevention of accumulation of cholesterol in a subject by modifying LCAT polypeptide.

Abstract: A method for treating valvular stenosis. The method involves the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of a reverse lipid (in particular cholesterol) transport agonist to a mammal. Most preferred is an Apolipoprotein A-1 mimetic peptide/phospholipid complex, the peptide of which is defined by the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO 1.

Abstract: A method of lowering blood cholesterol in a non-diabetic human patient by at least 30% is described. The method involves orally administering for 30 consecutive days a fenugreek seed extract composition. Various methods of preparation and various formulations are described. Agents such as pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, lubricants, binders, glidants, fillers, flavoring agents, vitamins, minerals, active agents other than fenugreek, herbal extracts other than fenugreek, carriers and mixtures thereof may be additionally incorporated into the fenugreek seed extract composition. Physiologically effective dosage forms (liquid and solid) containing fenugreek seed extract compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are peptides or peptide analogs with multiple amphipathic ?-helical domains that promote lipid efflux from cells via an ABCA1-dependent pathway. Also provided herein are methods of using multi-domain amphipathic ?-helical peptides or peptide analogs to treat or inhibit dyslipidemic disorders. Methods for identifying non-cytotoxic peptides that promote ABCA1-dependent lipid efflux from cells are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: Protein-polymer conjugates are described. Also described are a method for preparing a protein-polymer conjugate and its use in treating hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus infection.

Abstract: Our objective is to provide a novel lipid metabolism-improving reagent effective in preventing and treating hyperlipidemia and obesity and to provide this reagent in food, beverages, nutritional supplements, and fodders with the ability to improve lipid metabolism. The whey protein hydrolysate as the active ingredient in the lipid metabolism-improving reagent has a molecular weight distribution of 10 kDa or less, with the main peak between 200 Da to 3 kDa, average peptide chain length (APL) of 2-8, free amino acid content of 20% or less, antigenicity of 1/10,000 or less compared with that of ?-lactoglobulin.

Abstract: Resveratrol, a stilbenoid antioxidant found in grapes, wine, peanuts and other berries, has been reported to have hypolipidemic properties. Resveratrol and its three analogs (pterostilbene, piceatannol and resveratrol trimethyl ether) were evaluated for their effects on the activation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR?) isoforms, a receptor shown to mediate the activity of lipid-lowering drugs such as the fibrates. The four stilbenes and ciprofibrate (positive control) were evaluated for the activation of endogenous PPAR? in H4IIEC3 cells. Pterostilbene demonstrated the highest induction of PPAR? demonstrating increases of 7- and 9-14 fold relative to control. The maximal responses to pterostilbene are similar to those obtained with the hypolipidemic drug, ciprofibrate; that is, pterostilbene acts as a PPAR? agonist, like that of the fibrate class, and is a more effective hypolipidemic agent than resveratrol.

Abstract: Novel ApoE peptide derivatives and ApoE-protein transduction domain conjugates are disclosed which are useful for treating disorders including subarachnoid hemorrhage, intracerebral hemorrhage, and intraventricular hemorrhage and other brain disorders. The invention encompasses methods for treating cerebral vasospasm by administration of at least one ApoE or ApoE mimetic peptide.

Abstract: The invention relates to melanocortin receptor-specific cyclic peptides of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, where R1, R2, R3, R4a, R4b, R4c, R5, x and y are as defined in the specification. These compounds are particularly useful in the treatments of energy homeostasis and metabolism related (e.g. diabetes), food intake related and/or energy balance and body weight related diseases, disorders and/or conditions, including obesity, overweight and diseases, disorders and/or conditions associated with obesity and/or overweight, such as type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome.

Abstract: Derivatives of Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 which have improved properties for treating diabetes can be prepared by a recombinant process.

Abstract: Expression of the E4 orf 1 gene of Ad-36 alone has been discovered to be responsible for the increased insulin sensitivity observed in Ad-36 infected animals, including increased adipogenesis. Ad-36 E4 orf 1 protein can be used to increase insulin sensitivity and ameliorate diabetes. Additionally, drugs that mimic the action of Ad-36 E4 orf 1 protein could be found. Ad-36 E4 orf 1 could also be used to increase fat cells in lipodystrophy. We have also discovered that Ad-36 infection in human skeletal muscle cells increased differentiation and insulin independent glucose uptake. It is expected that infection with Ad-36 E4 orf 1 gene will also cause these effects.

Abstract: Antigen binding proteins that interact with Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin Kexin Type 9 (PCSK9) are described. Methods of treating hypercholesterolemia and other disorders by administering a pharmaceutically effective amount of an antigen binding protein to PCSK9 are described. Methods of detecting the amount of PCSK9 in a sample using an antigen binding protein to PCSK9 are described.

Abstract: The present invention features pharmaceutical compositions and methods of using the pharmaceutical compositions for treating left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. In particular, the pharmaceutical compositions include an apolipoprotein complex comprising a lipid fraction and a protein fraction.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel peptidomimetics, of formula (I), which primarily act as glucose dependent insulin secretagogues. Furthermore, it was found that these peptidomimetics showed glucagon receptor antagonistic activity, along with the GLP-I receptor agonistic activity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel peptide compounds which are effective in modulating one or more melanocortin receptor types, to the use of the compounds in therapy, to methods of treatment comprising administration of the compounds to patients in need thereof, and to the use of the compounds in the manufacture of medicaments. The compounds of the invention are of particular interest in relation to the treatment of obesity as well as a variety of diseases or conditions associated with obesity.

Abstract: The present invention features a compound having the formula A-X-B, where A is peptide vector capable of enhancing transport of the compound across the blood-brain barrier or into particular cell types, X is a linker, and B is a GLP-1 agonist (e.g., exendin-4 or an exendin-4 analog). The compounds of the invention can be used to treat any disease where increased GLP-1 activity is desired, for example, metabolic diseases, such as obesity and diabetes.

Abstract: Methods of treatment using Fzd8 extracellular domains (ECDs), Fzd8 ECD fusion molecules, and/or antibodies that bind Fzd8 are provided. Such methods include, but are not limited to, methods of treating obesity and obesity-related conditions. Fzd8 ECDs and Fzd8 ECD fusion molecules are also provided. Polypeptide and polynucleotide sequences, vectors, host cells, and compositions comprising or encoding such molecules are provided. Methods of making and using Fzd8 ECDs, Fzd8 ECD fusion molecules, and antibodies that bind Fzd8 are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to antisense oligonucleotides that modulate the expression of and/or function of Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), in particular, by targeting natural antisense polynucleotides of Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1). The invention also relates to the identification of these antisense oligonucleotides and their use in treating diseases and disorders associated with the expression of SIRT 1.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to systems, apparatus and methods for creating derivatives of at least one form of HDL without substantially affecting LDL. These derivatives of HDL are particles with reduced lipid content, particularly reduced cholesterol content. These particles have the capacity to bind cholesterol and are administered to a patient to enhance cellular cholesterol efflux and reduce cholesterol levels in cells, tissues, organs, and blood vessels. The present method is useful for treating atherogenic vascular disease and may be combined with other therapies such as statins, inhibitors of cholesterol absorption, niacin, anti-inflammatories, exercise and dietary restriction.

Abstract: Methods for using TRL V6 as a biomarker for the modulation of triglyceride and/or lipoprotein metabolism in a mammal induced by a weight loss pharmaceutical agent. The biomarker may be used for determining if an individual patient will likely respond favorably to a given weight loss pharmaceutical agent.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a synthetic apolipoprotein-E mimicking polypeptide consisting of a single domain. The invention is also directed to nucleic acid encoding the polypeptide, vectors including the nucleic acid, antibodies specific for the polypeptide, and compositions comprising the same and methods of using the same.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for treating cancer in a subject, as well as related compositions and kits that employ a therapeutic agent, or a nucleic acid sequence encoding a therapeutic agent, selected from apolipoprotein A-1 (ApoA1) or biologically active fragment, an ApoA1 mimetic, an agent that increases expression of ApoA1, or a binding agent specific for oxidized ApoA1. In certain embodiments, the ApoA1 or ApoA1 mimetic is at least partially oxidation resistant.

Abstract: The invention relates to a terapeutical composition comprising a protein hydrolysate and a plant sterol, wherein the weight ratio of the plant sterol to the protein hydrolysate is from 1:0.02 to 1:150. The invention also relates to a terapeutical composition comprising a protein hydrolysate and a synthetic emulsifier and/or a lipid based gain fraction having emulsifying properties. Said compositions can be used in a pharmaceutical, nutraceutical or food product for improving serum lipid profile.

Abstract: The invention provides materials and methods for promoting weight loss or preventing weight gain, and in the treatment of diabetes, metablic syndrome and associated disorders. In particular, the invention provides novel glucagon analogue peptides effective in such methods. The peptides may mediate their effect by having increased selectivity for the GLP-1 receptor as compared to human glucagon.

Abstract: The invention provides materials and methods for promoting weight loss or preventing weight gain, and in the treatment of diabetes, metabolic syndrome and associated disorders. In particular, the invention provides novel glucagon analogue peptides effective in such methods. The peptides may mediate their effect by having increased selectivity for the GLP-1 receptor as compared to human glucagon.

Abstract: Methods of using polypeptide compounds based on the structures of insect peptides of the adipokinetic hormone family to mobilize lipids in humans are provided. The described compositions and methods are useful for modulating human body weight, such as inducing weight loss. Screening methods for identifying other compounds effective for modulating lipid mobilization in humans are also provided.

Abstract: A beverage including protein, plant sterol ester and/or plant stanol ester, a fruit and/or vegetable preparation, and a stabiliser.

Abstract: The invention provides materials and methods for promoting weight loss or preventing weight gain, and in the treatment of diabetes, metabolic syndrome and associated disorders. In particular, the invention provides novel glucagon analogue peptides effective in such methods. The peptides may mediate their effect by having increased selectivity for the GLP-1 receptor as compared to human glucagon.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to a peptide being a fragment of the mammalian apolipoprotein AI peptide, said peptide comprising the sequence RHFWQQ (human, macaque and pig), the sequence WEFWQQ (rat), and the sequence WHVWQQ (mouse), or suitable modifications thereof, or equivalent synthetic peptides. In contrast to the entire protein, these short peptides have the ability to enter the nucleus of a cell. By binding directly to the DNA or to a protein that is attached to the DNA, these peptides undertake a role as a transcription factor. In particular, these peptides bind to the LXR? receptor within the nucleus of the human cell. Therefore, they may be used as a drug to effectively treat disorders such as hyperlipidemia, inflammation (arthritis), and Alzheimer's disease.

Abstract: A method including advancing a delivery device through a lumen of a blood vessel to a particular region in the blood vessel; and introducing a synthetic apolipoprotein A-1 (Apo A-I) mimetic peptide into a wall of the blood vessel at the particular region, wherein the peptide has a property that renders the peptide effective in reverse cholesterol transport. A composition including a synthetic apolipoprotein A-I (Apo A-I) mimetic peptide, or combination of an Apo A-I synthetic peptide and an Acyl CoA cholesterol: acyltransferase (ACAT) inhibitor in a form suitable for delivery into a blood vessel, the peptide including an amino acid sequence in an order reverse to an order of an endogenous Apo A-I related peptide. A composition including an apolipoprotein A-1 (Apo A-I) synthetic peptide in a form suitable for delivery into a blood vessel, the peptide including an amino acid backbone that has less amino acid residues relative to endogenous Apo A-I and a chimera of helix 1 and helix 9 of Apo A-I.

Abstract: Provided herein are pharmaceutical formulations containing exendins, exendin agonists, or exendin analog agonists that are administered at therapeutic plasma concentration levels over a sustained period of time to lower total cholesterol levels; to lower LDL-cholesterol levels; to lower triglyceride levels; to treat dyslipidemia; to treat and slow the progression of atherosclerosis; and to treat, prevent, and reduce the risk of heart attacks and strokes in patients. In the pharmaceutical formulations and methods of the invention, the exendin may be exendin-4, an exendin-4 agonist, or an exendin-4 analog agonist. The pharmaceutical formulations may be polymer-based pharmaceutical formulations that may be administered once weekly. An exemplary pharmaceutical formulation comprises 5% (w/w) of exenatide, about 2% (w/w) of sucrose, and about 93% (w/w) of a poly(lactide-co-glycolide) polymer, wherein the poly(lactide-co-glycolide) polymer is in the form of microshperes encapsulating the exenatide.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates, in one aspect, to use of ghrelin splice variant or an analogue thereof for the preparation of a medicament for one or more of: treatment and/or prevention of hypercholesterolemia and/or high cholesterol and/or high cholesterol complication and/or lipemia and/or lipemia complication and/or CHD and/or weight management and/or diabetes and/or hyperglycemia.

Abstract: Apoliporotein C-II or any active fraction of its amino acid sequence that activates lipoprotein lipase (LPL) in mammals. Increase in activity of LPL can increase expenditure of energy, and therefore an activator of LPL can be an effective agent for the prevention or treatment of obesity or related metabolic disorders, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes and hypertension in mammals including domestic pets and humans. Apolipoprotein C-II or its active fractions can be used as a diet supplement in the form of fortification to a natural product such as milk, cereal, beverage; as a nutritional supplement; or as a therapeutic agent in conventional forms of administration.

Abstract: Reversible gel protein formulations, including pharmaceutical formulations, that inhibit protein aggregate formation are described, along with containers, e.g., a vial, ampoule or bottle; or an apparatus or device, e.g., a syringe, comprising such formulations. Also described are methods for inhibiting protein aggregation in a protein-containing sample and methods for inhibiting particle formation in a protein-containing sample.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a (poly)peptide or a peptidomimetic thereof having the biological activity of Conkunitzin-S1, wherein said (poly)peptide is selected from (a) a polypeptide comprising or having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1; (b) a polypeptide having at least 85% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:1; or (c) a fragment of a) or b); wherein said (poly)peptide or peptidomimetic specifically modulates the activity of a channel having the activity of a Kv1.7 containing channel, for the treatment or prevention of metabolic diseases or conditions, or secondary diseases or conditions related to said metabolic diseases or conditions. The present invention furthermore relates to a method of screening for (poly)peptides derived from Conkunitzin-S1 suitable for specifically modulating the activity of a channel having the activity of a Kv1.

Abstract: Method are disclosed for local and systemic administration HDL, recombinant HDL or HDLm for the prevention, treatment, or amelioration of a vascular disorder, disease or occlusion such as restenosis or vulnerable plaque.

Abstract: Disclosed is a stable metastin derivative having excellent biological activities (e.g., a cancer metastasis inhibiting activity, a cancer proliferation inhibiting activity, a gonadotropin secretion promoting activity, a sex hormone secretion promoting activity). A metastin derivative produced by substituting a constituent amino acid in metastin can be improved in stability in the blood and can have an excellent cancer metastasis inhibiting activity, an excellent cancer proliferation inhibiting activity, an excellent gonadotropin secretion inhibiting activity, an excellent sex hormone secretion inhibiting activity and the like by binding the metastin derivative to polyethylene glycol.

Abstract: The disclosure provides one-component, injectable, sustained release formulations which comprise microspheres containing active pharmaceutical ingredients (e.g., exenatide), wherein the microspheres are suspended in a non-aqueous carrier. The non-aqueous carrier can be an oil, a fractionated oil, triglycerides, diglycerides, monoglycerides, propylene glycol fatty acid diesters, and the like. The formulations offer distinct advantages of long shelf life for the stability and potency of the formulation and sustained release of active pharmaceutical ingredients to reduce the frequency of medication dosing and to increase patient compliance.

Abstract: The present invention provides a family of non-naturally occurring polypeptides having cholesterol efflux activity that parallels that of full-length apolipoproteins (e.g., Apo AI and Apo E), and having high selectivity for ABAC1 that parallels that of full-length apolipoproteins. The invention also provides compositions comprising such polypeptides, methods of identifying, screening and synthesizing such polypeptides, and methods of treating, preventing or diagnosing diseases and disorders associated with dyslipidemia, hypercholesterolemia and inflammation.

Abstract: Methods are provided for modulating CREB by administering a CREB-specific modulator. Also provided are methods for treating cardiovascular and metabolic disorders in a subject or delaying or preventing risk factors thereof through the modulation of CREB. The present invention is also directed to methods of decreasing lipid levels in a subject or for preventing or delaying the onset of a rise in lipid levels in a subject, comprising administering to said subject a CREB-specific inhibitor.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to proislet peptides, preferably HIP, that exhibit increased stability and efficacy, and methods of using the same to treating a pathology associated with impaired pancreatic function, including type 1 and type 2 diabetes and symptoms thereof.

Abstract: Methods and compositions containing a berberine compound or berberine related or derivative compound are provided for the prevention and treatment of hyperlipidemia, elevated cholesterol, and/or cardiovascular disease in mammalian subjects. The methods and compositions of the invention are effective for prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, angina pectoris, carotid artery disease, stroke, cerebral arteriosclerosis, high blood pressure, myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction, restenosis following balloon angioplasty, intermittent claudication, dyslipidemia post-prandial lipidemia or xanthoma.

Abstract: The invention provides isolated nucleic acids molecules, designated 25869, 25934, 26335, 50365, 21117, 38692, 46508, 16816, 16839, 49937, 49931 and 49933 nucleic acid molecules. The invention also provides antisense nucleic acid molecules, recombinant expression vectors containing 25869, 25934, 26335, 50365, 21117, 38692, 46508, 16816, 16839, 49937, 49931 or 49933 nucleic acid molecules, host cells into which the expression vectors have been introduced, and nonhuman transgenic animals in which a 25869, 25934, 26335, 50365, 21117, 38692, 46508, 16816, 16839, 49937, 49931 or 49933 gene has been introduced or disrupted. The invention still further provides isolated 25869, 25934, 26335, 50365, 21117, 38692, 46508, 16816, 16839, 49937, 49931 or 49933 proteins, fusion proteins, antigenic peptides and anti-25869, 25934, 26335, 50365, 21117, 38692, 46508, 16816, 16839, 49937, 49931 or 49933 antibodies. Diagnostic and therapeutic methods utilizing compositions of the invention are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides, in part, methods and compositions for treating lipid disorders comprising administering a polypeptide that inhibits PCSK9. A novel method for identifying polypeptides that interact with PCSK9 is also provided.

Abstract: There is provided a novel series of analogues of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing said compounds, and the use of said compounds as GIP-receptor agonists or antagonists for treatment of GIP-receptor mediated conditions, such as non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and obesity.

Abstract: A bioactive fraction obtained from Xylocarpus that is useful for the treatment of diabetes and dyslipidemia. This fraction can be provided in a pharmaceutical composition that is useful as antidiabetic and antidyslipidemic agent, or can be used in a method of treating diabetes and dyslipidemia in a subject. Also, a process for the preparation of bioactive fraction from Xylocarpus. Isomeric xyloccensins and the preparation of such compounds. Also, pharmaceutical compositions comprising a therapeutically effective amount of such isomeric xyloccensins optionally along with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, additives, lubricant and diluents and the use of such pharmaceutical compositions in a method for treating dyslipidemia.

Abstract: There is provided a novel series of analogues of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing said compounds, and the use of said compounds as GIP-receptor agonists or antagonists for treatment of GIP-receptor mediated conditions, such as non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and obesity.

Abstract: There is provided a novel series of analogues of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing said compounds, and the use of said compounds as GIP-receptor agonists or antagonists for treatment of GIP-receptor mediated conditions, such as non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and obesity.

Abstract: A composition for use in the treatment or prophylaxis of conditions mediated by endothelial function in mammals is provided. The composition includes a milk protein hydrolysate generated by treating milk or milk whey protein with a proteolytic enzyme having subtilisin or subtilisin-like activity and/or glutamyl endopeptidase or glutamyl endopeptidase-like activity. The composition is useful in the management of vascular conditions.

Abstract: The invention proposes the sure of reduced glutathione in a liposome (liposomal reduced glutathione) for the oral administration of a therapeutically effective amount to ameliorate the progression of vascular disease, including atherosclerosis, diabetes, hypertension, narrowing of arteries leading to decreased blood flow, ischemic events, and the formation of blood clots, abnormal platelet aggregation, and thrombotic events, by reducing the amount and effect of oxidized cholesterol, oxidized HDL and oxidized LDL. The invention also proposes combining liposomal encapsulated glutathione with statin drugs to improve the effect of lowering not only cholesterol but also the oxidized cholesterol as well as oxidized HDL and oxidized LDL. The invention also proposes combining liposomal encapsulated glutathione with CoQ10 as a therapy for vascular disease and management of side effects of statin therapy.