Abstract: A method of increasing efficiency and/or decreasing the cytotoxic effect of a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reproduction-suppressing drug such as Azidothimidin (AZT) involves administering the drug to an HIV-positive patient and subjecting the patient to hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO).

Abstract: Methods of using prostaglandin agonists for the reduction of intraocular pressure, and accordingly glaucoma.

Abstract: Compositions and lures are described which provide synthetic chemical attractants which function as highly effective attractants for male and female moths, primarily moths of the family Noctuidae. In one aspect, the attractants provide an effective attractant amount of vapor of 3-methyl-1-butanol, 3-methyl-1-pentanol or mixtures thereof. In another aspect, the attractants provide vapor blends of acetic acid and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 3-methyl-1-butanol, 3-methyl-2-butanol, and 3-methyl-1-pentanol. By attracting male and female moths to traps or baits, the chemical attractants provide a means for detecting, surveying, monitoring, and controlling the moths.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an agent for the expression of long-term potentiation of synaptic transmission, which contains a compound having a brain somatostatin activation property as an active ingredient and to a screening method of an agent for the expression of long-term potentiation of synaptic transmission, which uses a soniatostatin releasing property as an index. The present invention is useful for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of cerebral diseases of dementia, amnesia, manic-depressive psychosis, schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, psychosomatic disease and the like.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method to control parasitic and saprophagous mites on beneficial insects such as honeybees via the application of a parasiticidally or saprophagouscidally effective amount of a mitochondrial electron transport inhibitor or a pyrimidine compound of formula I.

Abstract: The use of a physiologically innocuous ammonium compound and/or urea as an additive to an infant formula or a pap or for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for the prophylaxis of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is disclosed as is also an infant formula or a pap which in addition to conventional ingredients contains a physiologically innocuous ammonium compound and/or urea. Futhermore, a method of preventing SIDS is disclosed, which method comprises administering to the infant an infant formula or a pap as indicated above, and a method for the prophylaxis of SIDS, wherein a pharmaceutical composition containing a physiologically innocuous ammonium compound and/or urea is administered to the infant or the appropriately selected or modified non-pathogenic, urease-producing bacteria are supplied to the gastrointestinal tract of the infant.

Abstract: Composition of matter for application to a body surface or membrane to administer asimadoline by permeation through the body surface or membrane, the composition comprising asimadoline to be administered, at a therapeutically effective rate, alone or in combination with a permeation enhancer or mixture. Also disclosed are drug delivery devices and methods for the transdermal administration of asimadoline.

Abstract: Composition characterized in that it comprises, as active principle, at least one compound of formula (I): its topically acceptable salts, which R represents the characterizing chain of a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched fatty acid containing from 3 to 30 carbon atoms, R1 represents the characterizing chain of an amino acid and m is between 1 and 5, and the constituents of at least one extract and/or of at least one tincture from plants of the Nympheacea family. The composition is useful in cosmetics.

Abstract: Compositions and methods of the topical treatment of equine laminitis are disclosed. In particular, combinations of a fast acting nitric oxide (NO) donor, a sustained acting NO donor and an NSAID mixed in a lipid-based carrier are described. The application of such combinations to the affected areas, e.g., the hoofs and surrounding tissues, of an equine afflicted with laminitis provides relief from the debilitating effects of this painful, often life-threatening condition.

Abstract: A plant treatment composition for application of an anionic exogenous chemical substance such as glyphosate to foliage of a plant is provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for sequestering bile acids in a patient and to particular polymers for use in the method. The method comprises administering a therapeutically effective amount of a spirobicyclic ammonium moiety-containing polymer composition to a mammal, such as a human, whereby bile acids are sequestered. The polymers of the invention comprise spirobicyclic ammonium moieties and optionally, further comprise a hydrophobic substituent, a quaternary ammonium-containing substituent or a combination thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to intermediates useful for the preparation of certain compounds, for example, purine carbocyclic nucleosides.

Abstract: This invention relates to a single phase emulsifiable concentrate composition comprising (a) between about 0.05 and about 25 wt. % of a biologically, fungicidally and/or herbicidally active aza compound; (b) between about 2 and about 40 wt. % of a lactam selected from the group of N-methyl pyrrolidone, N-methyl caprolactam, a C8 to C18 alkyl pyrrolidone, a C8 to C18 caprolactam and a mixture thereof; (c) between about 2 and about 20 wt. % of a moisture scavenging agent selected from the group consisting of a liquid molecularly hindered carbodiimide, a molecular sieve or a mixture thereof and (d) between about 10 and about 80 wt. % of a mixture of at least two non-ionic surfactants having an overall hydrophilic/lipophilic balance (HLB) above 7. The invention also relates to the stable oil-in-water (o/w) miniemulsions prepared from the above by dilution to between about 40 and about 99.99 wt. % water for a “pour on”, dip or spray solution useful in the treatment of animals or plants.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods of treating or protecting mucosal tissue from damage associated with radiation and/or chemotherapeutic treatment of cancers, by the topical application of amifostine and related compounds. These methods avoid the side effects of systemically applied radio/chemo protectants. The invention is also directed to treatment and prevention of infections associated with mucositis by topical application of amifostine and related compounds.

Abstract: The instant invention provides compositions and methods for modeling post-Amadori AGE formation and the identification and characterization of effective inhibitors of post-Amadori AGE formation, and such identified inhibitor compositions.

Abstract: An ascorbic acid-based composition and related method for the treatment of aging or photo-damaged skin is disclosed. The composition includes water and ascorbic acid, at least a portion of which has generally been pretreated by being dissolved under relatively high temperature and concentration conditions. The composition typically includes at least about 5.0% (w/v) ascorbic acid and may advantageously be formulated to have a pH above 3.5. Generally, the composition also includes non-toxic zinc salt, tyrosine compound, and/or pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. In addition, the composition may include an anti-inflammatory compound, such as aminosugar and/or sulfur-containing anti-inflammatory compound. The topical composition may be in the form of a serum, a hydrophilic lotion, an ointment, a cream, or a gel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to chromotropic nitrone spin trapping agents, methods of making these agents, compositions comprising same, and methods of their use. In particular, azulenyl nitrones of the present invention are effective agents for trapping free radical species and find use as efficient antioxidants in physicochemical and biological systems. Accordingly, the invention also relates to spin adducts formed from the combination of azulenyl nitrones with free radicals. The compounds of the present invention are readily prepared from available starting materials and find further use in assays and in a number of diagnostic, prophylactic and therapeutic applications, including but not limited to the alleviation, modulation and inhibition of the negative effects of carbon-centered or oxygen-centered radical species and other products of oxidation. Moreover, the combination adducts may be calorimetrically detected and, optionally, isolated and characterized to obtain valuable information (e.g.

Abstract: Compositions and lures are described which provide synthetic chemical attractants which function as highly effective attractants for male and female moths, primarily moths of the family Noctuidae. In one aspect, the attractants provide an effective attractant amount of vapor of 3-methyl-1-butanol, 3-methyl-1-pentanol or mixtures thereof. In another aspect, the attractants provide vapor blends of acetic acid and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 3-methyl-1-butanol, 3-methyl-2-butanol, and 3-methyl-1-pentanol. By attracting male and female moths to traps or baits, the chemical attractants provide a means for detecting, surveying, monitoring, and controlling the moths.

Abstract: Novel peptide derivatives, compositions containing them, and their use for treating medical disorders resulting from a deficiency in growth hormone are disclosed. The peptides have the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein a, b, A, R.sup.1, L.sup.1, D, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.2, L.sup.2, E and G are as defined in the specification. These peptides exhibit improved resistance to proteolytic degradation, and hence, improved bioavailability.

Abstract: Compounds of general formula (I) ##STR1## wherein X ia a --CO.sub.2 H, --NH(OH)CHO or --CONHOH group; R.sub.1 is a cylcoalkyl, cycloalkenyl or non-aromatic heterocyclic ring containing up to 3 heteroatoms, any of which may be (i) substituted by one ore more substituents selected from C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkenyl, halo, cyano (--CN), --CO.sub.2 H, --CO.sub.2 R, --CONH.sub.2, --CONHR, --CON(R).sub.2, --OH, --OR, oxo-, --SH, --SR, --NHCOR, and --NHCO.sub.2 R wherein R is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl or benzyl and/or (ii) fused to a cycloalky or heterocyclic ring; and R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are as defined in specification are matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors.

Abstract: The present invention relates to chromotropic nitrone spin trapping agents, methods of making these agents, compositions comprising same, and methods of their use. In particular, azulenyl nitrones of the present invention are effective agents for trapping free radical species and find use as efficient antioxidants in physicochemical and biological systems. Accordingly, the invention also relates to spin adducts formed from the combination of azulenyl nitrones with free radicals. The compounds of the present invention are readily prepared from available starting materials and find further use in assays and in a number of diagnostic, prophylactic and therapeutic applications, including but not limited to the alleviation, modulation and inhibition of the negative effects of carbon-centered or oxygen-centered radical species and other products of oxidation. Moreover, the combination adducts may be calorimetrically detected and, optionally, isolated and characterized to obtain valuable information (e.g.

Abstract: The present invention describes a novel treatment for movement disorders, including tardive dyskinesia and tardive dystonia, and focal dystonias not due to neuroleptics, including blepharospasm, Meige syndrome, and occupational dystonias. The treatment of the present invention utilizes agents that act as NMDA-type glutamate receptor antagonists The invention also involves the use of an ion channel blocking agent to augment the therapeutic action of the drug treatments described. A particularly preferred ion channel blocking agent is magnesium.

Abstract: Compositions and methods of the topical treatment of equine laminitis are disclosed. In particular, combinations of a fast acting nitric oxide (NO) donor, a sustained acting NO donor and an NSAID mixed in a lipid-based carrier are described. The application of such combinations to the affected areas, e.g., the hoofs and surrounding tissues, of an equine afflicted with laminitis provides relief from the debilitating effects of this painful, often life-threatening condition.

Abstract: Disclosed are preservative systems useful in aqueous pharmaceutical compositions containing an active agent and a cyclodextrin. The preservative systems comprise boric acid and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of C.sub.16 benzalkonium halide compounds, polymeric quatemary ammonium compounds, and quatemary ammonium alkylene glycol phospholipid derivatives of the following structure ##STR1## where a+b=3; R.sup.1 is C.sub.8 -C.sub.22 alkyl or alkene; X is NH, O, or CH.sub.2 ; R.sup.2 is C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkyl; each R.sup.3 is independently C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl or alkene; and Y is nothing or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl or alkene; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

Abstract: A composition and method for treating epidermal wounds utilizes an aqueous solution of sodium sulphate, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium chloride and ichthammol.

Abstract: The present invention describes the use of nitric-oxide-liberating or transferring compounds, stimulators of endogenous NO formation, as well as stimulators of guanylate cyclase, for prevention, treatment and elimination of endothelial dysfunctions and the diseases accompanying these dysfunctions or caused by them, as well as the use of said compounds to produce pharmaceutical products for the cited areas of application.

Abstract: This invention provides a method of selectively decreasing pulmonary vascular resistance in a subject by administering endobronchially a drug chosen from among cAMP analogs, cGMP analogs, phosphodiesterase inhibitors, nitric oxide precursors, nitric oxide donors, and nitric oxide analogs.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and composition for controlling the growth of microorganisms in aqueous systems, such as industrial process waters. The method includes the steps of adding a synergistically effective amount of a biocide, 2-bromo-2-nitrostyrene ("BNS"), and an oxidant, peracetic acid, to industrial process waters to control microorganism growth. The composition of the present invention comprises a synergistically effective amount of a biocide, 2-bromo-2-nitrostyrene, and an oxidant, peracetic acid, to control microorganism growth. The method and composition of the present invention are particularly effective in the treatment of pulp and paper water processing systems.

Abstract: Methods of use for compounds of formula (I) are described wherein R represent a --CONHOH, carboxyl (--CO.sub.2 H) or esterified carboxyl group; R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaralkyl or heteroarylthioalkyl group; R.sup.2 represents an optionally substituted phenylethyl, phenylpropyl or phenylbutyl group; R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; R.sup.4 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; R.sup.5 represents an optionally substituted alkyl or alkenyl group optionally interrupted by one or more --O-- or --S-- atoms or --N(R.sup.7)-- groups (where R.sup.7 is a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1-6 alkyl group); X represents an amino (--NH.sub.2), or substituted amino, hydroxyl or substituted hydroxyl group; and the salts, solvates and hydrates thereof.

Abstract: Above-ground fungal and bacterial infections of plants are treated by applying to the plants an antibiotic-producing Bacillus sp. strain ATCC 55608, 55609, 53522 and/or zwittermicin-A antibiotic therefrom. The above-ground infections treated can be caused by Phytophthora infestans, Botrytis cinerea, Pseudomonas syringae, Alternaria solani, Plasmopara viticola, Uncinula necator, Puccinia recondita f.sp. Tritici, Staganospora nodorum, Monilinia fructicola or Erwinia herticola. The Bacillus sp. and/or antibiotic when applied can be in the form of a whole culture broth, an antibiotic-containing supernatant, a powder, granules, a concentrate, an aqueous suspension or a microencapsulated formulation.

Abstract: Stable solutions of bromonitromethane are prepared and shown to be useful as an antimicrobial in a broad spectrum of applications. Bromonitromethane is applied using a stable aqueous solution or is generated from products which act as bromonitromethane donors. Bromonitromethane solutions are stabilized by the addition of a mineral acid.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel compounds that potentiate zinc ion inhibition of the activity of factor VIIa or tissue factor--factor VIIa complex having the formula Ia and Ib and pharmaceutical salts thereof as well as pharmaceutical compositions comprising said novel compounds. The invention is further related to the use of said compositions for inhibiting clotting activity, tissue factor activity and factor VIIa activity.

Abstract: A mold belonging to the genus Ascochyta is cultivated with a medium to obtain a culture. A compound having a structure represented by the following formula and having an antitumor activity, which is capable of forming a tautomeric equilibrium mixture composed of tautomers, is collected from the culture, or a mixture of the tautomers is collected from the culture.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for relaxing smooth muscle in a warm-blooded animal are provided, comprising the step of administering to the animal a transition-metal nitrosyl complex. In one aspect, the transition-metal nitrosyl complex is represented by the formula L.sub.3 M(NO).sub.y X.sub.3-y where L is a two-electron Lewis base or L.sub.3 is a six-electron Lewis base, M is a Group 6 or 8 transition-metal, and when y is 1, X is carbon monoxide, and when y is 2, X is a halide or pseudohalide. In another aspect, the transition-metal nitrosyl complex is represented by the formula ?M(NO).sub.2 X.sub.y !.sub.2 where X is a halide or pseudohalide, and when M is a Group 6 transition-metal, y is 2, and when M is a Group 8 transition-metal, y is 1. Methods are also described for treating hypertension, angina pectoris, congestive heart disease, and impotence utilizing pharmaceutical compositions comprising the above-described transition-metal nitrosyl complexes.

Abstract: An assay for detecting microbial protease activity in clinical and laboray samples is described which comprises gathering a sample suspected of containing certain microorganisms having the desired protease activity; immobilizing the microorganisms in the sample on a solid phase substrate; contacting the immobilized microorganisms with an enzymatic substrate producing an enzymatic substrate end-product; contacting the enzymatic substrate end-product with a chemical enhancing reagent producing a detectable chromogenic reaction which varies in intensity with the level of protease activity in the sample; and detecting the chromogenic reaction whereby the semi-quantitative presence of the protease activity in the sample is determined.

Abstract: A method is provided for nonoxidatively cleaving the phosphorus-oxygen linkage of nucleic acids and certain anticholinesterases such as insecticides using a macrocyclic copper(II) complex. A composition suited for such cleavage is also provided.

Abstract: A composition and method for ameliorating a cellular dysfunction of a tissue such as the cosmetic treatment of hair loss and stimulation of hair growth are disclosed. The method comprises administering a nitroso or nitrone spin trap such as N-t-butyl-.alpha.-phenylnitrone (PBN) to the affected tissue.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition contains a nitric oxide donor and advantageously an optional corticosteroid and/or topical anesthetic. The composition is useful in a method for treating anal disorders such as anal fissure, anal ulcer, hemorrhoidal disease, levator spasm, and so forth, by topical application to or proximate the affected area.

Abstract: A method of reducing emissions from fumigant-injected soils wherein a potassium thiosulfate solution is applied to the soil surface. The method has been found to be effective for chloropicrin treated soils as well as soils treated with 1,3-dichloropropene The method provides the additional benefit of adding nutrient to the soil.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions in topical or parenteral form containing organic nitrites are effective in treating male impotence and erectile dysfunction through topical or intracavernosal administration to the penis. Methods of treatment utilizing the nitrite-containing compositions are also disclosed, as are certain novel organic nitrite compounds.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition of matter comprising an inhibitor of glucose-6-phosphate uptake. Also provided is a method of inhibiting the import of glucose-6-phosphate into the endoplasmic reticulum of a cell, comprising the step of adminstering a pharmacologically effective dose of a glucose analogue to said cell. Further provided is a method of inhibiting intracellular endoplasmic reticular concentrations of calcium, comprising the step of administering to a cell a pharmacologically effective dose of a glucose-6-phosphate uptake inhibitor.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel crosslinked polymeric ammonium salts wherein in said salt: about 25% or more of the groups which link ammonium nitrogen atoms are group Y wherein Y is an n-alkylene groups or alkyl substituted n-alkylene group, wherein said n-alkylene group has 7 to about 20 carbon atoms; zero to about 75% of groups which links ammonium nitrogen atoms are group Z wherein Z is a hydrocarbylene radical containing 2 or more carbon atoms, said hydrocarbylene radical optionally containing one or more hydroxyl, ether, amino, thioether, keto, or silyl groups or heterocyclic rings; and about 25% or more of the ammonium atoms are secondary ammonium atoms.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for relaxing smooth muscle in a warm-blooded animal are provided, comprising the step of administering to the animal a transition-metal nitrosyl complex. In one aspect, the transition-metal nitrosyl complex is represented by the formula L.sub.3 M(NO).sub.y X.sub.3-y where L is a two-electron Lewis base or L.sub.3 is a six-electron Lewis base, M is a Group 6 or 8 transition-metal, and when y is 1, X is carbon monoxide, and when y is 2, X is a halide or pseudohalide. In another aspect, the transition-metal nitrosyl complex is represented by the formula [M(NO).sub.2 X.sub.y ].sub.2 where X is a halide or pseudohalide, and when M is a Group 6 transition-metal, y is 2, and when M is a Group 8 transition-metal, y is 1. Methods are also described for treating hypertension, angina pectoris, congestive heart disease, and impotence utilizing pharmaceutical compositions comprising the above-described transition-metal nitrosyl complexes.

Abstract: Treatment of erectile dysfunction comprising administering to a patient, inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS) agents, including penile iNOS, inducers of penile iNOS, iNOS cDNA, or penile smooth muscle cells transformed with iNOS cDNA. Typical in vivo treatment involves delivery of these agents to the penile tissue of a patient by constant or intermittent implanted or external infusion pump, by implantation of time-release microcapsules or introduction of the genetically-engineered cells as by injection. Also disclosed are methods of treatment involving in vitro induction of iNOS in cultured smooth muscle cells and thereafter delivery of purified or recombinant iNOS enzyme, production of iNOS cDNA and genetic transformation with iNOS cDNA, followed by delivery thereof to the penis of a patient.

Abstract: The method for assaying the SOD (super oxide dismutase) activity in liquid medium is based on the activation of self-oxidization, by SOD activity, of a reactive agent having the general formula (I) wherein either n is 1 or 2, R.sup.1 is --OR.sup.4 or --NR.sup.5 R.sup.6 ; R.sup.2 is H, --OR.sup.4, alkyl (1-6C), --CH.sub.2 -- or --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --, to form a ring by binding to the phenyl substituent, at meta with respect to R.sup.1 ; and R.sup.3 is H, alkyl (1-6C) or --OR.sup.4 (if R.sup.2 is different from --OR.sup.4); with R.sup.4 being H or alkyl (1-6C); R.sup.5 being H, alkyl (1-6C), --CH.sub.2 COOH, --C.sub.6 H.sub.5 COOH or --C.sub.6 H.sub.5 SO.sub.3 H; and R.sup.6 is H, alkyl (1-6C) or --CH.sub.2 COOH; or n is 1, R.sup.1 is --OR.sup.4, R.sup.2 is --CH.sub.2 --O--, in order to form a ring by bonding of O with the phenyl substituent, at meta with respect to R.sup.1 ; and R.sup.3 is H or --OR.sup.4.

Abstract: A medical preparation for treating anal disorders comprises an effective amount of a nitric oxide donor, preferably an organic nitrate. The preparation may be in the form of an ointment that is applied to affected tissue at least once daily.

Abstract: Lactams of 1-amino-3-carboxylic acid cyclic compounds are produced in enantiomeric form, together with an enantiomer of the corresponding ring-opened amino-acid or ester, by reaction of the racemic lactam with a novel lactamase. The products are useful in the synthesis of chiral carbocyclic nucleotides. The enantiomer is preferrably 2-azabicyclo(2.2.1)hept-5-en-3-one. It is desirable to isolate the enantiomer comprising predominantly the (+) enantiomer and a residual amount of the (-) enantiomer, wherein the (+) enantiomer is present in an enantiomeric excess of at least about 88% over the (-) enantiomer or the enantiomer comprising predominantly the (-) enantiomer and a residual amount of the (+) enantiomer, wherein the (-) enantiomer is present in an enantiomeric excess of at least about 98% over the (+) enantiomer.

Abstract: A method of treating a patient suffering from a condition requiring vasodilator therapy, comprising long term, continuous adminstration of an organic nitrite to the patient in a dosage form capable of delivering a sufficient therapeutic amount of nitrite to the bloodstream of the patient thereby providing effective vasodilator therapy for at least 24 hours without the development of tolerance in the patient. The method of the invention is useful in treating conditions such as angina, particularly chronic, stable angina pectoris, ischemic diseases and congestive heart failure, and for controlling hypertension and/or impotence in male patients.

Abstract: Synergistic antimicrobial combinations of polyether polyamino methylene phosphonates and one or more members selected from the group consisting essentially of the following non-oxidizing biocides:didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride;dodecylguanidine hydrochloride;methylene bisthiocyanate;2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilo-propionamide;2-(thiocyanomethylthio)benzothiazole glutaraldehyde;potassium dimethyldithiocarbamate;5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one;2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one;tetrahydro-3,5-dimethyl-2,H-1,3,5-thiadiazin-2-thione;1,2-dibromo-2,4-dicyanobutane;are useful for inhibiting microbial growth in a variety of aqueous systems.

Abstract: A treatment method and composition for milk fever prevention in dairy cows. The method involves administering to a dry cow prior to freshening a calcium mobilizing anionic salt feed additive that is substantially free of ammonium salts.