Abstract: The invention provides methods of treating inflammation in a specific organ or tissue of an individual. The method involves determining whether the individual has previously been infected with at least one pathogen that is pathogenic in the specific organ or tissue; and administering to the individual an anti-inflammatory composition comprising antigenic determinants, the antigenic determinants selected or formulated so that together they are specific for the at least one pathogen. The pathogen may be an endogenous or exogenous pathogen, and may further be a bacterial pathogen, a viral pathogen, a fungal pathogen, a protozoan pathogen, or a helminth pathogen.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions containing a proanthocyanidin polymer composition which are useful for the treatment and prevention of secretory diarrhea are provided. The invention specifically relates to pharmaceutical formulations of a proanthocyanidin polymer composition which has been isolated from a Croton spp. or a Calophyllum spp. In particular, the invention relates to a formulation of a proanthocyanidin polymer composition which protects the composition from the effects of stomach acid after oral administration, particularly to those formulations which are enteric coated. The invention also relates to methods of producing a directly compressible proanthocyanidin polymer composition, as well as compositions containing the directly compressible proanthocyanidin polymer composition.

Abstract: Disclosed are oral rehydration compositions with sucrose, sodium, chloride, and citric acid or citrate. The composition further comprises an osmolarity of below 250 mOsm/L, and sodium below 75 meq/L. Further disclosed are methods of treatment using the same.

Abstract: A method is described to treat diarrhea, vaginal yeast infections, constipation, heartburn, bloating, indigestion, flatulence or poor nutrient absorption, by administering a formulation of naturally occurring lecithins and/or oleic acid that stimulate the growth and lactic acid producing activity of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species of probiotic bacteria, and replace polysorbate 80 for those products, and a formulation of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species of probiotic bacteria. The formulations are in can a stable powdered form.

Abstract: Compositions and methods of using scorpion venom peptide that is a ligand for ClC channels are provided. One aspect provides a pharmaceutical composition containing an amount of GaTx2 effective to inhibit ClC activity. Methods of treating a disorder or symptom of a disorder related to aberrant ClC channel activity are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein Z is OR1 or NR1R2 wherein each of R1 and R2 is independently H, or a hydrocarbyl group; X is an alkylene, alkenylene, or alkynylene group, each of which may be optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from alkyl, COOH, CO2-alkyl, alkenyl, CN, NH2, hydroxy, halo, alkoxy, CF3 and nitro; Y is a polar functional group selected from OH, NO2, CN, COR3, COOR3, NR3R4, CONR3R4, SO3H, SO2—R3, SO2NR3R4 and CF3, where each of R3 and R4 is independently H or a hydrocarbyl group; A is an aryl or heteroaryl group, each of which may be optionally substituted; and B is (CH2)n where n is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; with the proviso that: (i) when A is phenyl, n is 0, and Z is OH, X—Y is other than meta-C?—C—(CH2)2CO2H, meta-C?—C—(CH2)2OH, meta-C?C—(CH2)2CO2Me, meta-(CH2)4CO2H, ortho-CH2CO2H, ortho-(CH2)2CO2H and ortho-(CH2)4CO2H; and (ii) when A is phenyl, n is 0, and Z is OMe, X—Y is other than meta-C?

Abstract: Compositions and methods of using scorpion venom peptide that is a ligand for ABC transporters. One aspect provides a peptide having at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 1. The peptide Is believed to have a molecular mass of about 3.7 kDa and specifically interacts with cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator. Methods of treating a disorder or symptom of a disorder related to aberrant ABC transporter activity are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the 18-membered macrocyclic antimicrobial agents called Tiacumicins, specifically, OPT-80 (which is composed almost entirely of the R-Tiacumicin B), pharmaceutical compositions comprising OPT-80, and methods using OPT-80. In particular, this compound is a potent drug for the treatment of bacterial infections, specifically C. difficile infections.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions containing a proanthocyanidin polymer composition which are useful for the treatment and prevention of secretory diarrhea are provided. The invention specifically relates to pharmaceutical formulations of a proanthocyanidin polymer composition which has been isolated from a Croton spp. or a Calophyllum spp. In particular, the invention relates to a formulation of a proanthocyanidin polymer composition which protects the composition from the effects of stomach acid after oral administration, particularly to those formulations which are enteric coated. The invention also relates to methods of producing a directly compressible proanthocyanidin polymer composition, as well as compositions containing the directly compressible proanthocyanidin polymer composition.

Abstract: A composition and method for cleansing a colon prior to endoscopic procedure. More particularly, a combination of bisacodyl, metoclopramide, sodium, and/or a phosphorus containing composition administered in sequential doses for preparing a colon prior to colonoscopy.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions containing a proanthocyanidin polymer composition which are useful for the treatment and prevention of secretory diarrhea are provided. The invention specifically relates to pharmaceutical formulations of a proanthocyanidin polymer composition which has been isolated from a Croton spp. or a Calophyllum spp. In particular, the invention relates to a formulation of a proanthocyanidin polymer composition which protects the composition from the effects of stomach acid after oral administration, particularly to those formulations which are enteric coated. The invention also relates to methods of producing a directly compressible proanthocyanidin polymer composition, as well as compositions containing the directly compressible proanthocyanidin polymer composition.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the prevention, reversal and medical treatment of lower urinary tract dysfunction including bladder instability and other related diseases as described below including urinary flow problems, urgency and incontinence as a result of prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and to the prevention, reversal and medical treatment of irritable bowl syndrome (IBS) with special focus on the diarrhea-predominant and mixed diarrhea-constipation type IBS, both in human beings and animals.

Abstract: The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one pharmaceutically acceptable bismuth-containing compound, at least one pharmaceutically acceptable non-clay-derived suspending agent, and water. The suspension exhibits reduced upward pH drift by comparison with an otherwise similar suspension which comprises a clay-derived suspending agent. Such compositions are useful in the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal diseases and/or disorders.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a sustained release composition comprised of Compound (A) having the formula or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a copolymer comprised of poly-(I)-lactic-glycolic-tartaric acid wherein the amino group of Compound (A) is ionically bound to a carboxyl group of the copolymer and wherein further the composition may be made into a sustained release pharmaceutical composition with pharmaceutically acceptable carrier(s).

Abstract: A composition and method for cleansing a colon prior to endoscopic procedure. More particularly, a combination of bisacodyl, metoclopramide, sodium, and/or a phosphorus containing composition administered in sequential doses for preparing a colon prior to colonoscopy.

Abstract: Epothilone derivatives are co-administered with an antidiarrheal agent, e.g., a DPP-IV inhibitor, in the treatment of a proliferative disease.

Abstract: A preparation is described which is intended for regulation of lower bowel function. It comprises a mixture of bentonite and/or kaolin and aloe fibers. The aloe fibres are reduced to a dry powder before being mixed with the bentonite and/or kaolin.

Abstract: A method of treating patients, particularly for pain and/or symptoms of erythromelalgia, and other neurovascular or neuropathic disorders, etc. involves administering high doses of magnesium. The magnesium is introduced through several daily administrations, totaling approximately 2-12 times the RDA for magnesium. These higher levels are achieved through increasing daily dosage amounts gradually in response to patient tolerance and until beneficial results are seen. Total magnesium intake is divided over several doses per day and taken with copious amounts of water.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for extracting anti-apoptotic compositions from various protein isolates and/or lipid mixtures with aqueous solutions not containing organic solvents. The compositions extracted by the methods can be used for a variety of purposes, including for therapeutic, nutritional and medicinal purposes.

Abstract: The invention provides a method and compositions for controlling food borne enteric bacterial pathogens in animals. Populations of enteropathogenic bacteria may be substantially reduced or eliminated by treatment of animals with an effective amount of the compound Xm(ClO3)n, wherein X is a cationic moiety and m and n are independently selected from integers necessary to provide a net valency of 0. The compounds may be administered orally, providing a reduction in the populations of the enteropathogenic bacteria in the alimentary tract of the animal, or they may be applied externally onto the animal to reduce the populations of any such bacteria which may be present as contaminants on the surface of the animal. The method and compositions are particularly useful for the control of Salmonella species, enteropathogenic Escherichia coli, and Clostridia species.

Abstract: A composition for use by animals, including humans, to alleviate pain and/or inflammation around a painful joint, joint replacement surgery site, muscle, tendon, and/or ligament. A method to ameliorate pain and/or inflammation in or around a joint, muscle, tendon, and/or ligament, by topically applying Applicant's composition.

Abstract: An herbal formulation which acts as an intestinal bowel soother is disclosed which comprises: slippery elm bark; German chamomile flower; fenugreek seed; fennel seed; skullcap herb; cranberry fruit; peppermint leaf; a mixture of Chinese herbs, comprising atractylodes root, capillary artemisia herb, codonopsis root, Job's tears seed, schisandra fruit, agastache whole plant, Chinese licorice root, Chinese thoroughwax, ginger root, Korean ash branches bark, magnolia bark, phellodendron bark, poria cocos root, psyllium seed, Chinese goldthread, Chinese white peony root, costus root, silver root, tangerine peel, and angelica root; and methylsulfonylmethane.

Abstract: A swallowable, solid dose form composition for treating upper gastrointestinal tract distress containing bismuth subsalicylate, carbonate or bicarbonate salt, disintegrating agent, anionic or nonionic surfactant, and microcrystalline cellulose is described.

Abstract: Provided by the present invention are topical formulations of Interleukin-11 and methods for treating a variety of disorders, including inflammatory bowel diseases (e.g., Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, indeterminate colitis, and infectious colitis), mucositis (e.g., oral mucositis, gastrointestinal mucositis, nasal mucositis, and proctitis), necrotizing enterocolitis, inflammatory skin disorders (e.g., psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and contact hypersensitivity), aphthous ulcers, pharyngitis, esophagitis, peptic ulcers, gingivitis, periodontitis, and ocular diseases (e.g., conjunctivitis, retinitis, and uveitis).

Abstract: The invention relates to a pharmaceutical preparation, which contains an immunosuppressive active agent in dissolved form in a starch capsule, or hard or soft gelatin capsule which has been coated with one or several polymer films. The invention further relates to a process for the production of the pharmaceutical preparation.

Abstract: A method and product for treating and preventing diarrhea and scours is provided. The method involves treating a subject who has diarrhea, or scours, or is at risk of getting diarrhea or scours with an aromatic compound of the invention. The products of the invention are a veterinary preparation of the aromatic compound of the invention and an anti-scours agent, and a pharmaceutical preparation of the aromatic compound of the invention and an anti-diarrheal agent.

Abstract: The present invention provides an agent for alleviating side effects caused by use of an anti-tumor agent, which contains 5-chloro-6-(2-iminopyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidi nedione (1) represented by formula (1): or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The 5-chloro-6-(2-iminopyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof exhibit an inflammatory-suppressing action in the digestive tract and advantageously alleviate diarrhea and loss of body weight concomitant with administration of a chemical for treating cancer without suppressing the anti-tumor effect. Thus, the compounds of the present invention are of great value as agents for alleviating side effects caused by use of an anti-tumor agent, which enable not only the chemotherapy to be continuedly carried out, but also the body exhaustion to be effectively prevented.

Abstract: There is provided a substance which was isolated from the germinated seed of a grass family plant and which contains proteins and insoluble dietary fibers. There are also provided a pharmaceutical composition comprising as an active ingredient said substance which was isolated from the germinated seed of a grass family plant and which contains proteins and insoluble dietary fibers, and a food composition comprising said substance which was isolated from the germinated seed of a grass family plant and which contains proteins and insoluble dietary fibers, as well as uses of said substance.

Abstract: This invention relates to prevention and/or treatment of antibiotic associated diarrhea, including Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea (CDAD), pseudomembranous colitis (PMC) and other conditions associated with C. difficile infection, using oligosaccharide compositions which bind C. difficile toxin B. More specifically, the invention concerns neutralization of C. difficile toxin B associated with such conditions.

Abstract: There is provided a substance which was isolated from the germinated seed of a grass family plant and which contains proteins and insoluble dietary fibers. There are also provided a pharmaceutical composition comprising as an active ingredient said substance which was isolated from the germinated seed of a grass family plant and which contains proteins and insoluble dietary fibers, and a food composition comprising said substance which was isolated from the germinated seed of a grass family plant and which contains proteins and insoluble dietary fibers, as well as uses of said substance.

Abstract: A method and product for treating and preventing diarrhea and scours is provided. The method involves treating a subject who has diarrhea, or scours, or is at risk of getting diarrhea or scours with an aromatic compound of the invention. The products of the invention are a veterinary preparation of the aromatic compound of the invention and an anti-scours agent, and a pharmaceutical preparation of the aromatic compound of the invention and an anti-diarrheal agent.

Abstract: A method and product for treating and preventing diarrhea and scours is provided. The method involves treating a subject who has diarrhea, or scours, or is at risk of getting diarrhea or scours with an aromatic compound of the invention. The products of the invention are a veterinary preparation of the aromatic compound of the invention and an anti-scours agent, and a pharmaceutical preparation of the aromatic compound of the invention and an anti-diarrheal agent.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions and methods useful to treat diarrhea, especially diarrhea and related conditions initiated or mediated by enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), using oligosaccharide compositions. This invention also relates to compositions and methods to reduce the virulence of an EPEC organism.

Abstract: A method for the treatment or prevention of chronic diarrhea caused by protozoa, especially microsporidia and cryptosporidia, in a patient is disclosed which method comprises administering to the patient an effective amount of a berberine alkaloid. The administration of the berberine alkaloid may be in combination with one or more antiprotozoal agents other than berberine.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel method for treating a mammal suffering from gastrointestinal motility disorders.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel method for treating a mammal suffering from gastrointestinal motility disorders.

Abstract: The present invention relates to mucoadhesive compositions comprising a safe and effective amount of a gastrointestinal active; from about 1.5% to about 10%, by weight of the composition, of a clay component; and from about 0.01% to about 1%, by weight of the composition, of a gum component. Alternatively, the clay component can be a titanium dioxide or a silicone dioxide component. The mucoadhesive compositions also preferably comprise up to about 2% by weight of the composition, of a non-ionic component such as methyl cellulose. The present invention also relates to methods of prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal tract disorders in humans or lower animals by orally administering a composition of the present invention.

Abstract: A safe and very effective orally administered homeopathic anti-diarrheal composition and method that can be used by persons of any age, including an infant, a child, an adult or the elderly. Useful for even severe diarrhea. Normal bowel movement is resumed within two to three days. The composition consists of sodium bicarbonate and lemon juice proportionately combined. In a preferred embodiment between one quarter and one third of a teaspoon of sodium bicarbonate, commonly called baking soda, is added to the amount of lemon juice that results from thoroughly squeezing by hand one half of an average sized fresh lemon. A lime can be substituted for a lemon in the composition with the same or similar results. The composition should be taken orally at least once every 12 hours up to two times per day.

Abstract: Provided by the present invention are topical formulations of Interleukin-11 and methods for treating a variety of disorders, including inflammatory bowel diseases (e.g., Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, indeterminate colitis, and infectious colitis), mucositis (e.g., oral mucositis, gastrointestinal mucositis, nasal mucositis, and proctitis), necrotizing enterocolitis, inflammatory skin disorders (e.g., psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and contact hypersensitivity), aphthous ulcers, pharyngitis, esophagitis, peptic ulcers, gingivitis, periodontitis, and ocular diseases (e.g., conjunctivitis, retinitis, and uveitis).

Abstract: An intestinal juice level regulator comprising, as the active ingredient, creosote or phenolic derivatives constituting creosote. As having the activities to promote the absorption of intestinal juices and/or to retard the secretion of intestinal juices, the active ingredient lowers the intestinal juice level in intestines. As the phenolic derivatives, usable are one or more of guaiacol, creosol, phenol, cresol and xylenol. The regulator is especially effective for retarding the hypersecretion of intestinal juices to be caused by heat-labile or heat-stable enterotoxin of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.

Abstract: Chromans of formula I ##STR1## with the meanings of R(A), R(B) and R(1) to R(8) stated in the specification are suitable for producing a medicament for blocking the K.sup.+ channel that is opened by cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP); also for producing medicaments for inhibiting gastric acid secretion; for the treatment of ulcers of the stomach and the intestinal region, in particular the duodenum, for the treatment of reflux esophagitis, for the treatment of diarrheal disorders, for the treatment and prevention of all types of arrhythmias, including atrial, ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias, for controlling reentry arrhythmias and for preventing sudden heart death as a result of ventricular fibrillation.

Abstract: A composition for use in the rehydration and treatment of scours in calves. The composition includes fiber, electrolytes and three energy sources. The energy sources are sugar, medium chain triglycerides and glycine, present in a combined amount of about 14 percent by weight.

Abstract: Agent for treatment and prevention of diarrhoea and gastric ulcers in animals and humans, consisting of a mixture of a pectinaceous plant fibre material with a phospholipid, said agent being obtained by adding to the plant fibre material prior to the admixture of phospholipid under intensive stirring a physiologically acceptable liquid organic substance having a surface tension which is significantly lower than that of water, and method of preparing said agent comprising mixing under intensive stirring the finely-milled, dried pectinaceous plant fibre material with 2 to 10% by weight of an organic substance based on the plant fibre material, preferably at least one alcohol, and subsequently adding under stirring from 5 to 15% by weight of lecithin based on the plant fibre material and heated to a temperature of more than 45.degree. C. to obtain a homogeneous mixture.

Abstract: Disclosed are polyamines having the formula: ##STR1## or salts or stereoisomers thereof wherein R.sub.1 -R.sub.4 and ALK.sub.1 -ALK.sub.3 are as defined in the specification. Pharmaceutical compositions and therapeutic methods of treatment utilizing the compounds are also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for feeding an animal a diet which alters the function and composition of gut associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) by increasing the proportion of T cells in the GALT is provided. The diet includes fermentable fibers which have an organic matter disappearance of 15 to 60 percent when fermented by fecal bacteria for a 24 hour period, the fibers being present in amounts from about 1 to 11 weight percent of supplemental total dietary fiber. The animal is maintained on the diet for a sufficient period of time to allow the fermentable fibers to ferment in the colon of the animal to increase the proportion of T cells in the GALT of the animal.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition for treating diarrhea comprising an anti-diarrhea effective amount of conagenin or a salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The pharmaceutical composition is particularly useful against diarrhea caused by the administration of cancer chemotherapeutic agents.

Abstract: Provided by the present invention are methods of treating a variety of disorders including AIDS, arthritis (rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, spondyloarthropathies), antibiotic induced diarrheal diseases (Clostridium difficile), multiple sclerosis, osteoporosis, gingivitis, peptic ulcer disease, esophagitis, diabetes, retinitis, uveitis, reperfusion injury after myocardial infarction (MI) or cerebral vascular accident (CVA), aphthous ulcers (oral), atherosclerosis (plaque rupture), prevention of tumor metastases, asthma, preeclampsia, and allergic disorders such as rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and urticaria.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for treating acute and severe diarrhea such as that which accompanies chemotherapy and rapid narcotic detoxification. The method includes administering octreotide in an amount sufficient to alleviate the diarrhea without precipitating clinically significant bradycardia. In a preferred embodiment an anticholenergic is administered together with octreotide to further reduce the possibility of significant bradycardia. The invention also provides a method for rapidly detoxifying a patient addicted to narcotics. Acute and severe diarrhea is eliminated during detoxification by administering octreotide in according to the above-described method.

Abstract: A consensus poptide of 36 amino acids has been designed which acts as an immunogen raising antibodies against the proteins of all members of the E. coli family CS4-CFA/1. While the N-terminus of members of this family of organisms shows a high degree of identity, the remainder of the sequence of the proteins shows much less homology across the strains. The region of the protein represented in the subunit encompasses known linear B- and T-cell epitopes of CFA/I. The consensus peptide has a high level of homology to strains bearing six different colonization factors.

Abstract: This invention relates to treatment of traveller's diarrhea, including diarrhea caused by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), using an oligosaccharide-containing composition. The composition contains an oligosaccharide sequence covalently attached to a pharmaceutically acceptable solid, inert support through a non-peptidyl compatible linker arm. The oligosaccharide-containing composition binds E. coli heat-labile toxin (LT). More specifically, the invention concerns neutralization and removal of LT associated with traveller's diarrhea.