Abstract: The invention provides novel pregnane derivatives having the formula: ##STR1## wherein X=F, Cl or Br; R.sub.1 =F or Cl; R.sub.2 =H(.beta.OH) or O; R.sub.3 =alkyl(1-4 C); R.sub.4 =alkyl(1-4 C); and the dotted line indicates the optional presence of a double bond.The novel compounds have been found to possess immunomodulating properties.

Abstract: The pharmaceutical composition is intended in particular for the sustained and controlled release of an effective dose of a medicinal substance. It comprises, as a carrier for the medicinal substance, a biodegradable polymer or copolymer or a mixture of biodegradable polymers and/or copolymers derived from a dicarboxylic acid selected from the acids of the Krebs cycle, and from an aliphatic diol containing 4 carbon atoms or from cyclohexane-1,4-dimethanol.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are vesicle compositions for controlled sustained release of an encapsulated therapeutic agent after parenteral administration. By adjusting the osmolarity between the suspending solution and the solution within the vesicles by adjusting the concentration of the suspending solution, the rate of release of the therapeutic agent after parenteral administration can be varied. The compositions can be effectively administered by intramuscular, subcutaneous injection or other means.

Abstract: Immunostimulant products are prepared by adding lysozyme to a culture of L.bulgaricus at a pH of from 4-8 and then incubating the culture to hydrolyze peptidoglycans of cell walls of the bacteria. A suspension containing the lysozyme-treated L.bulgaricus is collected, which is centrifuged to obtain an immunostimulant supernatant. The supernatant may be filtered to obtain an immunostimulant solution, which may be added to a fermented milk, or to a whey, to prepare an immunostimulant product. Alternatively, L.bulgaricus may be cultured and hydrolyzed by lysozyme in a milk product to provide an immunostimulant milk product.

Abstract: An immune-stimulatory or tumor treatment agent, optionally in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent, comprises extracellular .beta.-glucan produced by Glomerella cingulata CMI CC 330957 or by mutants or variants thereof.

Abstract: An amphiphilic polymer, having the monomer unit structure A, B, C, or D: ##STR1## wherein R is at least one H and C.sub.1-6 alkyl, k=1-4, m=4-30, n=2-50 and x=2-500. ##STR2## wherein p and q are, independently, 0-22, and the sum of p and q is 4-22; ##STR3## wherein r and s are, independently, 0-22, and the sum of r and s is in the range 2-44, Ar is a divalent aromatic radical; and compounds in which the ester group in compounds A, B, C and D is replaced by an amide, urea, urethane, ether or carbonate. These compounds are useful for disrupting lipid membranes, as surfactants and dispersing agents and in the treatment of viral, bacterial and fungal diseases.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of the formula ##STR1## or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein [D] is the residue of a drug having a reactive functional group, said functional group being attached, directly or through a bridging group, via an oxygen-phosphorus bond to the phosphorus atom of the ##STR2## moiety; R.sub.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 aryl or C.sub.7 -C.sub.12 aralkyl; R.sub.2 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 aryl, C.sub.4 -C.sub.9 heteroaryl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.7 cycloalkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.7 cycloheteroalkyl or C.sub.7 -C.sub.12 aralkyl; and R.sub.3 is selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl; C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 alkenyl having one or two double bonds; (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7 cycloalkyl)--C.sub.r H.sub.2r --wherein r is zero, one, two or three, the cycloalkyl portion being unsubstituted or bearing 1 or 2 C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl substituents on the ring portion; (C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 aryloxy)C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: A method for the treatment of arthritis or a related autoimmune disease that exhibits immune complexes in serum or synovial fluid is provided which comprises exposure of the serum or synovial fluid to an oligosaccharide containing a structural component that inhibits or disrupts the degree of occupancy of the Fc carbohydrate binding site on IgG, e.g., sialyllactose.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of treating diseases associated with elevated levels of interleukin 1 (IL-1) including inflammatory diseases such as arthritis, skin hypersensitivity and endotoxemia. More specifically, the invention relates to a method for the treatment of such diseases in warm-blooded animals, such as humans, which comprises the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of an aromatic diamidine, sufficient to inhibit IL-1 release from IL-1 producing cells. The aromatic diamidine can also be used to block interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor from cells producing these cytokines.

Abstract: Chemically defined conjugates of biologically stable polymers, such as copolymers of D-glutamic acid and D-lysine, and polynucleotide duplexes of at least 30 base pairs that have significant binding activity for human lupus anti-dsDNA autoantibodies. The duplexes are preferably homogeneous in length and structure and are bound to the polymer via reaction between an amino-reactive functional group located at or proximate a terminus of each duplex. These conjugates are tolerogens for human systemic lupus erythematosus.

Abstract: A method for preparing biodegradable microspheres having a three-dimensional network in which biologically active macromolecular agents are physically entrapped therein. The microsphere is able to degrade and release the macromolecular agent at a controlled rate. The method involves emulsifying a vinyl derivative of a biodegradable hydrophilic polymer, a water-soluble monovinyl monomer and a biologically active macromolecule in water, and copolymerizing the biodegradable hydrophilic polymer and the water-soluble monovinyl monomer such that the biologically active macromolecule is entrapped therein.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for stimulating the immune systems of animals with non-toxic lipid A derivatives. The derivatives include the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and diphosphoryl lipid A (DPLA) for Rhodopsuedomonas.

Abstract: In one variant, the invention provides a method of enhancing the activity of phagocytes including macrophages, and in a further variant, a method of modulating the cellular or humoral immune response to warm blooded animals. The invention also provides a method of reducing the adverse effects of stress in warm blooded animals. This is accomplished by administering an ethereally monosubstituted monosaccharide having the general formula M.sub.1 --O--Y, an ethereal monosubstitution of monosaccharide derivatives having the general formula M.sub.2 --O--Y, or pharmaceutically acceptable organic acid and inorganic acid salts thereof as defined hereinafter. In the first variant, the above substances are administered in an amount effective to enhance the microbicidal activity of phagocytes, including macrophages in a normal to depressed state of activation or macrophages already activated in response to infection.

Abstract: This invention concerns a coordination complex or salt thereof which is spectroscopically or photoactively determinable when bound to DNA having the formula ##STR1## wherein M is a suitable transition metal and each of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 is ethylenediamine, bipyridine, phenanthroline, diazafluorene-9-one or a substituted derivative thereof, or phenanthrenequinonediimine or a substituted derivative thereof, dypyridophenazine or a substituted derivative thereof; wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are bound to M by coordination bonds; provided that at least one of R1, R2 or R3 is dypyridophenazine or a substituted derivative thereof. The invention also concerns a labeled DNA probe which comprises the complex covalently bound to the DNA probe.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for potentiation of a therapeutic agent, the method comprising the steps of administering an effective dose of insulin to induce to hypoglycemia; administering a pre-determined dose of a therapeutic agent; and administering a pre-determined dose of glucose sufficient to substantially neutralize the hypoglycemia. As an adjuvant system, the instant invention constitutes the combination of a quantity of insulin in the range of one to four units per 10 kilograms of body weight; a pre-determined quantity of the therapeutic agent; and glucose in the form of a hypertonic solution between about 5% and about 50% glucose, the volume of the solution being in the range of about 10 cubic centimeters to about 100 cubic centimeters. The inventive method is known as Insulin Potentiation Therapy (IPT).

Abstract: A pharmacological agent-lipid solution preparation comprising a lipophilic pharmacological agent, a desalted charged lipid and an aqueous-miscible lipid solvent such that upon introduction into an aqueous medium a suspension of lipid aggregates associated with the pharmacological agent are formed, and methods of manufacture and use.

Abstract: A method of inducing tolerance to a foreign antigen in a mammal, by administering an IL-2-receptor-positive-cell-destroying amount of a substance capable of destroying IL-2-receptor-positive cells which are newly activated in response to the antigen, to a degree which supresses the mammal's humoral immune response to a subsequent challenge with the antigen.

Abstract: The subject matter of the invention is the use of organic polymers which contain inorganic anionic groups for prophylaxis and therapy of retrovirus infections in mammals.

Abstract: By ultrafiltration of an aqueous solution wherein there have been formerly dissolved alfa-cyclodextrin and a raw lipidic mixture, the latter characterized in that it contains monosialoganglioside (GMl) either as the sole ganglioside or otherwise in a prevailing quantity over the other associated gangliosides, and after the removal of cyclodextrin at the end of the process, it is obtained GMl with a titer of at least 95%. The present invention concerns also the intermediate complex that it is being formed between the hereabove said monosialoganglioside and alfa-cyclodextrin.

Abstract: A process and composition to enhance the efficacy of a fish vaccine. A .beta.-1,3-glucan having a .beta.-1,3-linked main chain with .beta.-1,6-linked single glucose side chains is administered to a fish treated with the vaccine.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a useful antiinflammatory and/or antiallergic composition comprising a compound of the formula: ##STR1## (wherein the R's are same or different and each means a hydrogen atom or lower alkyl group) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient.

Abstract: The invention discloses a method for inactivating infectious agents in a patient's blood in vivo. The method involves adminstering to the patient a non-toxic, infectious agent inactivating amount of a mixture of oxygen and ozone. The mixture is preferably administered via rectal insufflation or via authohemotherapy.

Abstract: This invention relates to N-hydroxy-N-[3-(2-substituted phenyl)prop-2-enyl]ureas and thioureas, formulations containing those compounds, and methods of using such compounds as 5-lipoxygenase inhibiting agents.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for the stimulation of the production of lymphokines which comprises the administration of an effective amount of a tellurium tetrahalide.

Abstract: A multiphasic sustained release injectable delivery system is provided, as well as a method for treating humans and other mammals with that multiphasic sustained release system.

Abstract: A method for treating or preventing mastitis in cows is disclosed. The method contemplates the intramammary injection of bovine interferon-gamma. Interferon-gamma can be administered prior to infection to effectively suppress the rate, severity, and duration of subsequent bacterial infection, or can be administered subsequent to infection to effectively treat mastitis.

Abstract: Antiviral and antitumor compositions are disclosed comprising a mixture of AZT, ribavirin, d4T or CS-87 with a compound of general formula: ##STR1## wherein Z is H, OH or NH.sub.2, Y is CH, and X is selected from the group consisting of H, N(R).sub.2, SR, OR or halogen, wherein R is H, lower(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, aryl or mixtures thereof, and the pharmaceutically-acceptable derivatives thereof.

Abstract: Compositions comprising cyclosporine in combination with a vehicle comprising a fatty acid component comprising a fatty acid of the omega-3 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof. Methods for mediating the nephrotoxic effect of cyclosporine and for reducing cyclosporine induced renal prostaglandins comprising administering said cyclosporine in combination with said fatty acid component or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof. Eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexanoic acid are preferred omega-3 fatty acids of the present invention. The compositions and methods of the present invention are useful in clinical and preclinical therapeutic cyclosporine treatment of animals, including humans.

Abstract: A method of treating a human patient to effect the remission of AIDS, which comprises parenterally administering to the AIDS patient typhoid vaccine in a therapeutically effective amount which is sufficient to provide immunostimulating activity.

Abstract: Cyclic peptolides having the structure of a cyclosporin in which one amide linkage is replaced by an ester linkage are obtained by fermentation of fungal strains of the genus Cylindrotrichum Bonorden, or by cyclization of a hydroxy-undecapeptide. The cyclic peptolides have immunosuppressive, anti-inflammatory and anti-parasitic properties.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical preparations are provided for preventing or treating autoimmune diseases in which the active principle is activated T-lymphocyte cells, specific for the autoimmune disease to be treated, which cells have been treated by incubation with a photoactivatable psoralen cross-linking agent, such as 8-methoxypsoralen, and then photoactivated. The active principle may also be the membrane fraction of such cells. Such preparations may be formulated into pharmaceutical compositions and administered to prevent or treat autoimmune disesases.

Abstract: The invention is a method of modulating or controlling autoimmune disease in a host. The method includes the step of administering to the diseased host a pharmaceutical effective amount of succinylacetone. The pharmaceutically effective amount of succinylacetone is desirably infused by an osmotic minipump in order to modulate the effects of autoimmune disease in the host.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition containing serum thymic factor (FTS) and a method for using FTS containing compositions for treating a variety of immunodeficiencies and autoimmune diseases including multiple sclerosis, Guillain-Barre syndrome, inflammatory neuropathy, polyneuritis and other immunodemyelinating diseases.

Abstract: Retrovirally-infected cells are selectively killed as compared with uninfected cells using an effective amount of amino acid analogs of naturally occurring amino acids, such as L-canavanine (an analog of arginine).

Abstract: There is provided an improved process for enhanced LAK cell activation wherein the peripheral blood mononuclear cells are treated with an amino acid amide to yield depletion, prior to the lymphocytes being cultured at high density. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions and methods of using them in combination with IL-2 to treat cancer in a mammal.

Abstract: Acemannan has now been discovered to be a potent inducer of Interleukin 1 (Il-1) and prostaglandin E.sub.2 (PGE.sub.2) production by human peripheral blood adherent cells in culture. Il-1 has been shown to be an important macrophage product and is associated with influencing the activity and production of T lymphocytes, fibroblasts, B lymphocytes and endothelial cells. Acemannan has no demonstrated toxicity, and acts as an adjuvant and immunoenhancer. Administration of an amount of acemannan sufficient to stimulate monocytes and macrophages not only produces Il-1 and PGE.sub.2 but also stimulates phagocytosis, increases antibody production, enhances antiviral activity in the serum and, in those patients with AIDS/ARC, produces defective HIV virus.Acemannan has been shown to affect the rate of virus production in viral vaccine master seed cultures by accelerating the rate of viral replication. In addition, acemannan is a potent adjuvant to viral vaccines in chickens.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for preventing graft rejection of transplanted solid organs, in mammal recipients thereof, by administering an effective graft rejection preventative amount of succinylacetone to said mammals.

Abstract: A colony stimulating factor, CSF-1, is a lymphokine useful in overcoming the immunosuppression induced by chemotherapy or resulting from other causes. CSF-1 is obtained in usable amounts by recombinant methods, including cloning and expression of the murine and human DNA sequences encoding this protein.

Abstract: The present invention provides a vaccine for stimulating or enhancing in a subject to whom the vaccine is administered, production of antibodies directed against 9-O-acetyl GD3 ganglioside comprising an amount of purified 9-O-acetyl GD3 ganglioside effective to stimulate or enhance antibody productionThis invention was made with government support under Grant Numbers CA-40532 and CA-43971, National Cancer Institute, Department of Health and Human Services. Accordingly, the U.S. Government has certain rights in the invention.

Abstract: This invention relates to isoindolone derivatives of general formula (I) in which the radicals R are hydrogen atoms or together form a bond, the symbols R' are phenyl radicals which can be substituted by a halogen atom or a methyl radical in position 2 or 3, X is an oxygen or sulphur atom or a radical N--R.sub.3, R.sub.3 being H, optionally substituted alkyl or dialkylamino, R.sub.1 is optionally substituted phenyl or cyclohexadienyl, naphthyl or a heterocycle and R.sub.2 is H, halogen, OH, alkyl, amionoalkyl, alkylaminoalkyl, dialkylaminoalkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, acyloxy, carboxyl, optionally substituted alkoxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, amino or acylamino, in their (3aR,7aR) forms or in the (3aRS,7aRS) form or their mixtures, and if appropriate their salts where such exist, and their preparation.The new derivatives according to the invention are particularly valuable as antagonists of substance P.

Abstract: Methods for enhancing the immune response to vaccination in animals, including humans, comprise administering interleukin-2 (IL-2) as part of the vaccination regimen, preferably for 5 to 14 days post-vaccination. In addition, compositions for enhancing the immune response of an animal to a vaccine employ IL-2 as an active ingredient, preferably human IL-2.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula,A.sub.x [D'(MW.sub.11 O.sub.39).sub.2 ].multidot.yH.sub.2 Oin which A is a cation, x is an integer, M is B, Si or P, D is metal and D' is a lanthanide in oxidation state 3 or 4, L is a neutral or anionic ligand, and y is an interger, have anti-viral activity in a standard screen, and may be used to produce compositions and also coated articles and devices for treatment or prophylactic treatment of patients at risk.

Abstract: Method of enhancing the survival of neuronal cells, more preferably non-mitotic neuronal cells and/or cholinergic cells in a mammal, which cells are at risk of dying, which method includes administering to the mammal an effective amount of a functional derivative of Insulin-like Growth Factor I or Insulin-like Growth Factor II.

Abstract: A cyclic peptide designated FR115224, administered parenterally in a cyclodextrin carrier, which exhibits antiallergic activity.

Abstract: Abnormalities in the circulating immune complexes in a patient's blood, such as observed in patients having inflammatory disorders, viral infections, or simply deranged immune function, are restored to normal or viral immunity conferred by the administration of a matched or mismatched dsRNA.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of treating pulmonary dysfunction in a mammal comprising administration of growth hormone to said mammal. In one embodiment wherein the pulmonary dysfunction results in ventilator dependency, the use of the method of this invention promotes the withdrawal of mechanical ventilatory support.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are polysaccharides extracted from marine algae and an antiviral drug containing as active ingredient polysaccharides extracted from seaweeds.

Abstract: The blood level of orally administered N-acetylcysteine is substantially increased in a mammal when the N-acetylcysteine is administered in combination with tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in a molar ratio of about 1:0.8 to about l:l.2.

Abstract: The steroid hormone dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), when administered by feeding or by subcutaneous injection, significantly improves the host response to viral infection. Experimental animal data shows that, with infection (100,000 plaque forming units/animal) of a human coxsackievirus B4 strain, which causes mortality in about 90% of infected animals, mortality was reduced to 37% when animals were treated with DHEA. Moreover, DHEA induced an 80% elevation in the number of antibody forming cells, particularly in cells forming gamma globulin M (early antibodies), and gamma globulin G (secondary antibodies). This elevation in the number of antibody forming cells was evident only in DHEA treated and virus infected animals, but not in uninfected animals treated with DHEA or in infected animals not treated with DHEA. In virus infected and DHEA treated animals there was also an elevation in the number of monocyte cells, the particular white blood cell associated with a resistance to this infection.

Abstract: A method of delivering a bioactive agent to an animal entailing the steps of encapsulating effective amounts of the agent in a biocompatible excipient to form microcapsules having a size ranging from between approximately one micrometer to approximately ten micrometers and admnistering effective amounts of the microcapsules to the animal. A pulsatile response is obtained, as well as mucosal and systemic immuity. Related compositions are also provided.