Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound which is 6-amino-2-{[(1S)-1-methylbutyl]oxy}-9-[5-(1-piperidinyl)pentyl]-7,9-dihydro-8H-purin-8-one: in the form of a maleate salt, may be useful in the treatment of various disorders, for example the treatment of allergic diseases and other inflammatory conditions for example allergic rhinitis and asthma, the treatment of infectious diseases and cancer, and may also be useful as vaccine adjuvants.

Abstract: The present invention provides the use of IFN-?, an agent that increases the expression of IFN-?, or a polynucleotide which is capable of expressing IFN-? or said agent for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of rhinovirus-induced exacerbation of a respiratory disease selected from asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, wherein said treatment is by airway delivery of said medicament, e.g. by use of an aerosol nebulizer. Also provided is IFN-? for the same purpose.

Abstract: An improved understanding and method for the clinical adjuvant and immunomodulatory use of dsRNAs and ply-ICLC in particular, alone or in conjunction with other drugs and various vaccines designed to prevent or treat various microbial, viral, neoplastic, autoimmune diseases, and or degenerative diseases.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods of treating or preventing angiomyolipomas by administering interferon gamma. It also encompasses methods for assessing the risk of a patient developing angiomyolipomas based upon interferon gamma expression.

Abstract: Amino acid derivative as carrier compounds and compositions which are useful in the delivery of active agents are provided. The active agents can be a peptide, mucopolysaccharide, carbohydrate, or lipid. Methods of administration, including oral administration, and preparation are provided as well.

Abstract: The invention provides an immunopotentiating composition and to a composition accelerating the production of interferon-&ggr;, both comprising lactosuclose as an active ingredient. In particular, the invention provides such compositions in the form of a foodstuff. Oral administration or ingestion of the compositions enhances biophylaxis mechanism (immunological function) in the digestive tract, thus achieving significant treating and preventing effects on intestinal infections and like diseases.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel compositions and methods for using the S(+) enantiomer of desmethylselegiline (N-methyl-N-(prop-2-ynyl)-2-aminophenylpropane), for the treatment of selegiline-responsive diseases and conditions. Diseases and conditions responsive to selegiline include those produced by neuronal degeneration or neuronal trauma and those due to immune system dysfunction. Effective dosages are a daily dose of at least about 0.015 mg/kg of body weight.

Abstract: A dermal absorption-promoting agent comprising p-methane-3,8-diol and 1,3-butylene glycol as well as a topical formulation containing the same; and a dermal absorption-promoting agent further comprising 1,3-butylene glycol, as well as a topical formulation containing such dermal absorption-promoting agents.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical gel formulations for topical drug delivery include drug, colloidal silicon dioxide, triacetin and, preferably, propylene glycol. The gel formulations are well suited for topical delivery of the drug 4-amino-2-ethoxymethyl-&agr;,&agr;-dimethyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline-1-ethanol, which when applied topically induces cytokines, such as interferon and tumor necrosis factor, locally in the skin or mucous membranes of a mammal. The gel formulations are also well-suited for topical delivery of drugs for treatment of diseases involving skin and/or mucosal lesions because the gel formulations do not need to include irritating components.

Abstract: A combination preparation comprising a compound which has a phosphodiesterase-inhibiting action, and a compound which reduces the biologically effective intracellular Ca2+ content, is suitable for the treatment of immunological diseases.

Abstract: Methods for obtaining beneficial stable levels of circulating histamine are disclosed for use in methods for enhancing natural killer cell cytotoxicity. In such methods, a beneficial level of circulating histamine is attained and an agent whose ability to enhance natural killer cell cytotoxicity is augmented by histamine is administered. Alternatively, stable beneficial levels of circulating histamine can be attained in subjects receiving chemotherapy or antiviral treatment. The invention may also be employed in treatments combining histamine, agents which enhance natural killer cell cytotoxicity, and chemotherapeutic agents. Optimization of the delivery of histamine and substances which induce the release of endogenous histamine are also disclosed.

Abstract: A controlled release pharmaceutical composition includes a biocompatible polymeric material, preferably polyethylene-vinyl acetate or poly(lactic-glucolic acid), having incorporated therein a soluble receptor capable of binding to its ligand and thus affecting the ligand's function. The soluble receptor is preferably the soluble form of TNF.alpha. receptor. Such compositions are for use in the treatment of disorders in which neutralization of the deleterious effects of TNF.alpha. is required.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I are selective cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors (namely of type IV). They and pharmaceutical compositions in which they are active ingredients are useful as bronchial therapeutics, for elimination of erectile dysfunction and for treatment of disorders, particularly those of inflammatory nature. The compounds are distinguished by low toxicity, good enteral absorption (high bioavailability), a great therapeutic breadth and the absence of significant side effects.

Abstract: An improved method for the prevention of the inactivation of natural killer (NK) cells and the enhanced activation of NK cells in the presence of monocytes using a combination of a natural killer cell activator and a compound effective to inhibit the production or release of intracellular hydrogen peroxide, or a hydrogen peroxide scavenger, is disclosed. The method is useful, for example, in the treatment of solid tumors, metastases and viral infection.

Abstract: A method, and compositions for use therein capable, of delivering a bioactive agent to an animal entailing the steps of encapsulating effective amounts of the agent in a biocompatible excipient to form microcapsules having a size less than approximately ten micrometers and administering effective amounts of the microcapsules to the animal. A pulsatile response is obtained, as well as mucosal and systemic immunity.

Abstract: A combination preparation comprising a compound which has a phosphodiesterase-inhibiting action, and a compound which reduces the biologically effective intracellular Ca.sup.2+ content, is suitable for the treatment of immunological diseases.

Abstract: Compositions useful in the delivery of active agents are provided. These delivery compositions include (a) an active agent; and either (b)(1) a carrier of (i) at least one amino acid and (ii) at least one diketopiperazine or (b)(2) at least one mono-N-substituted, di-N-substituted, or unsubstituted diketopiperazine. Methods for preparing these compositions and administering these compositions are also provided.

Abstract: Compositions for antagonizing gram negative bacterial endotoxic activity. Methods of antagonizing gram negative bacterial endotoxic activity. Methods of treating septic or toxic shock in a patient. Methods of treating or preventing a lipopolysaccharide mediated disorder in a patient. A method of extracting lipopolysaccharide from a gram negative bacteria by releasing lipopolysaccharide from a gram-negative bacteria, contacting the released lipopolysaccharide with polymixin B-agarose, and eluting the lipopolysaccharide from the polymixin B-agarose with an eluting solution comprising at least 1% deoxycholate to obtain thereby an lipopolysaccharide product.

Abstract: The present invention relates to flavanonol derivatives represented by formula (1): ##STR1## (wherein R.sup.1 represents an alkyl group, and each of R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group which may have a substituent, an alkoxyl group which may have a substituent, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, or a halogen atom), as well as to hair-nourishing and hair-growing compositions containing the derivatives. The compounds accelerate differentiation and proliferation of hair matrix cells, thereby exhibiting remarkable hair-nourishing and hair-growing effects.

Abstract: Optically active antiviral compounds having the formula ##STR1## wherein m is 0, 1, 2, or 3; n and q are selected from the group of 0 and 1, provided that n and q may not both be zero; and R, R.sub.1, and R.sub.2 are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of oxygen and sulfur, provided that all R, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, may not be oxygen, and further provided that all R, R.sub.1, and R.sub.2 may not be sulfur. The compounds possess increased antiviral activity and/or metabolic stability.

Abstract: Triterpenoid acid derivatives are described that exhibit dual pharmacophobic activities, specifically selectin ligand and leukotriene biosynthetic inhibitory activities, and that thus have significant applications for the treatment or prevention of certain diseases including cancer and diseases associated with the inflammatory process as well as applications for the diagnosis of disease.

Abstract: Disclosed are lipid A analogs useful for the treatment of septic shock and LPS-mediated activation of viral infection.

Abstract: Triterpenoid acid derivatives are described that exhibit dual pharmacophobic activities, specifically selectin ligand and leukotriene biosynthetic inhibitory activities, and that thus have significant applications for the treatment or prevention of certain diseases including cancer and diseases associated with the inflammatory process as well as applications for the diagnosis of disease.

Abstract: This invention provides a pharmaceutical composition which comprises an amount of chloroquine effective to block MHC Class I recycling and an amount of a CD8+ T cell stimulatory agent effective to stimulate proliferation of CD8+ T cells to a concentration such that the resulting CD8+ T cells kill CD4+ T cells, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.This invention provides a method for treating an autoimmune disease in a subject which comprises administering to the subject an amount of chloroquine effective to treat the autoimmune disease.This invention provides a method for treating cutaneous lymphoma disease in a subject which comprises administering to the subject an amount of chloroquine effective to treat the cutaneous lymphoma disease.This invention provides a method for treating rheumatoid arthritis in a subject which comprises administering to the subject an amount of the pharmaceutical composition of chloroquine and a CD8+ T cell stimulatory agent effective to treat rheumatoid arthritis.

Abstract: A process for stimulating hematopoietic activity in animals which comprises administering to a patient in need therefor a therapeutically effective amount of an agent containing as its active ingredient a water-soluble or lipid-soluble transition metal compound in a lyotropic mesophase, the agent optionally containing one or more additional carriers for stimulating hematopoietic activity.

Abstract: Optically active compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein n is 1 or 2 and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3 have antiviral activity. Compounds of the formula wherein at least one of the internecleotide phosphorothioate linkages is of the Sp configuration possess increased antiviral activity and/or metabolic stability.

Abstract: Viral infection is inhibited in mammals by administration of metabolically stable, non-toxic 2', 5'-oligoadenylate (2-5A) derivatives that have a dual therapeutic effect. The compounds activate the intracellular latent 2-5A dependent endoribonuclease RNase L and also inhibit the action of viral DNA polymerases. Conjugates of the 2-5A derivatives for therapeutic delivery are also described.

Abstract: Methods for treating various autoimmune diseases and for providing immunorestoration, by administering, to a subject in need thereof, an effective amount of a composition having, as active ingredient, one or more rhamnolipids of formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is H or .alpha.-L-rhamnopyranosyl;R.sup.2 is H or --CH(R.sup.4)--CH.sub.2 --COOH;R.sup.3 is (C.sub.5 -C.sub.20)-saturated, mono or polyunsaturated hydrocarbyl andR.sup.4 is (C.sub.5 -C.sub.20)-saturated, mono or polyunsaturated hydrocarbyl; are provided.

Abstract: A powder-form composition of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline incorporated with a support of maltodextrin and/or cyclodextrin. The composition is prepared by hydrolyzing a 2-(1-alkoxyethenyl)-1-pyrroline with an acid to obtain a reaction medium, adding an equimolar amount of a base to the reaction medium to obtain a neutralized reaction medium containing 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, combining maltodextrin and/or cyclodextrin with the neutralized reaction medium to obtain a support solution and freeze-drying the support solution to obtain the composition.

Abstract: The applicants have discovered a method of treating malignancies which comprises administering effective amounts of 5-fluorouracil, interferon-.alpha. and a compound formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R is selected is selected from the group consisting of alkyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, alkene of 2 to 5 carbon atoms and alkynyl of 2 to 5 carbon atoms; R.sub.1 is 2'-deoxyribofuranosyl.

Abstract: Methods for treating various autoimmune diseases and for providing immunorestoration, by administering, to a subject in need thereof, an effective amount of a composition having, as active ingredient, one or more rhamnolipids of formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is H or .alpha.-L-rhamnopyranosyl;R.sup.2 is H or --CH(R.sup.4)--CH.sub.2 --COOH;R.sup.3 is (C.sub.5 -C.sub.20)-saturated, mono or polyunsaturated hydrocarbyl andR.sup.4 is (C.sub.5 -C.sub.20)-saturated, mono or polyunsaturated hydrocarbyl;are provided.

Abstract: Present invention is a non-toxic, flavor stable, pleasant tasting composition releasing Zn.sup.2+ from compositions containing a highly ionizable zinc compound other than zinc gluconate that reduces the duration of common colds in humans. The composition is used in the oral cavity of a human suffering from a common cold. The composition comprises highly ionizable zinc compounds and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier such as fructose, dextrose or sucrose with various additions. Compositions are unique in that they are non-toxic, pleasant tasting and do not have an offensive aftertaste, yet deliver zinc ions into oral tissues which may be used to treat common colds, reduce the duration of common colds or cure common colds in humans in need of such treatment. Compositions are non-toxic, thermally, chemically and flavor stable. The compositions may be prepared in the form of compressed tablets, lozenges, powders, liquids or chewing gums.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting the development of malignant tumors and the formation of metastases of malignant tumor cells in a subject carrying the comprises administering to the subject IL-2 and an agent selected from the group consisting of histamine, a histamine structural analogs having H.sub.2 -receptor activities, an endogenous histamine releasing preparation, and a non-histamine derivative H.sub.2 -receptor agonist; the agent and the IL-2 being administered in amounts and for a time effective to attain the desired effect. A method of increasing the anti-tumor cell effect of IL-2 in a subject comprises co-administering to the subject IL-2 and an agent such as histamine, histamine structural analogs having H.sub.2 -receptor activities, endogenous histamine releasing preparations or H.sub.2 -receptor agonists, the agent and the IL-2 being administered in anti-tumor effective amounts and for a period of time effective to attain the desired effect.

Abstract: A pharmaceutcial composition is provided for use in the prevention or treatment of viral infections caused by enveloped viruses. The composition comprises a fibroblast growth factor, a sulfated polysaccharide with antiviral activity, and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers. The fibroblast growth factor may be a basic fibroblast growth factor or an analogue thereof, and the polysaccharide may be a carrageenan, heparin, dextran sulfate, pentosan polysulfate or a sulfated polysaccharides produced by marine algae belonging to the class of Rhodophyceae.

Abstract: In one variant, the invention provides a method of enhancing the activity of phagocytes including macrophages, and in a further variant, a method of modulating the cellular or humoral immune response to warm blooded animals. The invention also provides a method of reducing the adverse effects of stress in warm blooded animals. This is accomplished by administering an ethereally monosubstituted monosaccharide having the general formula M.sub.1 --O--Y, an ethereal monosubstitution of monosaccharide derivatives having the general formula M.sub.2 --O--Y, or pharmaceutically acceptable organic acid and inorganic acid salts thereof as defined hereinafter. In the first variant, the above substances are administered in an amount effective to enhance the microbicidal activity of phagocytes, including macrophages in a normal to depressed state of activation or macrophages already activated in response to infection.

Abstract: A method for treating or preventing mastitis in cows is disclosed. The method contemplates the intramammary injection of bovine interferon-gamma. Interferon-gamma can be administered prior to infection to effectively suppress the rate, severity, and duration of subsequent bacterial infection, or can be administered subsequent to infection to effectively treat mastitis.

Abstract: A colony stimulating factor, CSF-1, is a lymphokine useful in overcoming the immunosuppression induced by chemotherapy or resulting from other causes. CSF-1 is obtained in usable amounts by recombinant methods, including cloning and expression of the murine and human DNA sequences encoding this protein.

Abstract: A method of enhancing the antiviral activity of IFN-.alpha. and especially human IFN-.alpha. is disclosed which comprises administration of Dipyridamole or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to a subject receiving IFN-.alpha.. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprises of IFN-.alpha. and dipyridamole or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: A method for improving interleukin-2 induced lymphocyte killing of cancer cells comprises administering to a patient having cancer an effective amount of at least one aci-reductone compound containing a --C(OH).dbd.C(OH)--C.dbd.O redox functionality or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof together with a physiologically acceptable carrier or excipient.

Abstract: The use of mismatched dsRNA, e.g., AMPLIGEN.RTM. for the manufacture of compositions for use in the selective activation of a latent natural defense system within human cells, both cells already infected with AIDS virus as well as cells at risk to infection. Specific treatments for various clinical phase of the biological continuum of AIDS virus-related events ranging from subtle, early immunological lesions to advanced disease are described. Prophylaxis or prevention of AIDS virus related events, such as by introduction of mismatched double-stranded RNA into various blood products or biological fluids to be used in man (e.g., blood transfusion) or around man (e.g., dialysis programs) are also described.

Abstract: The invention consists in healing of plantar warts with cycloheximide. Cycloheximide is used in various topical forms and methods of application to treat plantar warts. The concentrations employed ranges from 0.01% to 5.0% and the duration of treatment from 5 to 12 weeks.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula: ##STR1## are useful as anti-cancer, anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, anti-coronary agents, anti-aging agents, anti-hypolipidemic agents and anti-autoimmune agents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polysaccharide derivative, which is a derivative of D.25 in which the galactofuranose (Gal.sub.f) residues of the linear polysaccharide chain have been converted at least partly to arabinose.It also relates to the process for its preparation, to its use as an immunostimulant, and to pharmaceutical compositions containing the derivative.

Abstract: The invention relates to a polysaccharide derivative which is an amide, an ester, an ether, a salt or a quaternary ammonium derivative of D.25 with an amine, an acid or an alcohol.

Abstract: The use of mismatched dsRNA, e.g. Ampligen for the manufacture of compositions for use in the Selective activation of a latent natural defense system within human cells, both cells already infected with AIDS virus as well as cells at risk to infection. Specific treatments for various clinical phases of the biological continuum of AIDS virus-related events ranging from subtle, early immunological lesions to advanced disease are described. Prophylaxis or prevention of AIDS virus related events, such as by introduction of mismatched double-stranded RNA into various blood products of biological fluids to be used in man (e.g., blood transfusion) or around man (e.g., dialysis programs) are also described.

Abstract: A new and improved topically applied pharmaceutical preparation for the treatment of itching, rash, eczema, insect bites, poison ivy and the like and an improved vehicle for delivering the active ingredients thereof to the human skin in a manner whereby the bioavailability and percutaneous absorption of the active ingredient is remarkably enhanced. The vehicle comprises a volatile silicone, a fatty alcohol having from 12-22 carbon atoms, hydrocortisone; and such preservatives or emulsifying agents as may be warranted.