Abstract: This invention relates to novel transdermal or transmucosal pharmaceutical formulation having an active agent of testosterone which reduces the occurrences of contamination of other individuals and the transference to clothing of the user. The solvent system of the formulation includes a monoalkylether of diethylene glycol and a glycol present in specified ratios, and a mixture of water and alcohol. The invention also relates to a method for inhibiting or delaying crystallization of the active agent in a pharmaceutical formulation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to boosting the action of crop protection compositions comprising in particular spiroheterocyclically substituted tetramic acid derivatives of the formula (I) by addition of ammonium or phosphonium salts and optionally penetrants, to the corresponding compositions, to processes for their preparation and to their use in crop protection as insecticides and/or acaricides and/or for preventing unwanted vegetation.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition for transdermal delivery comprising one or more physiologically active agents; one or more dermal penetration enhancers; and a volatile pharmaceutically acceptable carrier comprising a volatile solvent; and wherein the physiologically active agent and dermal penetration enhancer form an amorphous deposit upon evaporation of the volatile carrier, said amorphous deposit forming a reservoir within the stratum corneum; and (A) wherein the composition has a release rate profile of physiologically active agent so as to provide a ratio of the maximum concentration (Cmax) to the average concentration (Cavg) for the physiologically active agent over the dosage interval within the range of 1 to 10.

Abstract: Methods and formulations for treating a condition of the skin by delivering therapeutic formulations to the skin that translocates active substances across the stratum corneum barrier to a targeted skin tissue. The methods and formulations comprise active substances encapsulated within surface modified nanostructured lipid carrier nanoparticles.

Abstract: A preparation is disclosed for producing enhanced blood flow in tissue thus causing beneficial effects such as promoting hair growth on scalp tissue lacking sufficient hair, restoring normal sexual function in males with erectile dysfunction. Specifically, this is a preparation which provides local delivery of the amino acid L-arginine, an important biological precursor to the main substance which is responsible for relaxation of blood vessels permitting enhancement of blood flow. In the preferred embodiments, the L-arginine is provided so that it can be topically applied to the scalp or penis. The preparation also contains an agent which aids in the transfer of L-arginine into the tissue. In the preferred embodiments this agent overcomes the resistance to transfer caused by the high charge density of L-arginine. In the preferred embodiments this means is high ionic strength created by addition of choline chloride, magnesium chloride and sodium chloride.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition for transdermal delivery comprising one or more physiologically active agents; one or more dermal penetration enhancers; and a volatile pharmaceutically acceptable carrier comprising a volatile solvent; and wherein the physiologically active agent and dermal penetration enhancer form an amorphous deposit upon evaporation of the volatile carrier, said amorphous deposit forming a reservoir within the stratum corneum; and (A) wherein the composition has a release rate profile of physiologically active agent so as to provide a ratio of the maximum concentration (Cmax) to the average concentration (Cavg) for the physiologically active agent over the dosage interval within the range of 1 to 10.

Abstract: The present invention concerns boosting the activity of crop protection materials comprising active ingredients from the class of the phenyl-substituted cyclic ketoenols through the addition of ammonium salts and/or phosphonium salts or through the addition of ammonium salts and/or phosphonium salts and penetrants, the corresponding materials, processes for preparing them, and their use in crop protection.

Abstract: A pesticidal composition comprising a pesticide, an ammonium salt, and a nonionic surfactant, is provided.

Abstract: A skin treatment composition of the present invention is an external composition for skin comprising an alkylene oxide derivative expressed by Formula (I): R1O-[(AO)m(EO)n]—R2??(I) wherein AO is an oxyalkylene group of C3 or C4; EO is an oxyethylene group; m and n are 1?m?70 and 1?n?70 respectively, wherein EO is 20˜80% by weight with respect to a total of AO and EO; each of R1 and R2 is a hydrogen or a hydrocarbon group having C1-4. The alkylene oxide derivative (I) has a moisturizing effect, a rough skin improving effect, a stickiness improving effect, and a transdermal absorption promoting effect. When a refreshing agent is used together therewith in the composition of the present invention, the refreshing effect lasts for a long time and it is excellent in feeling of use without skin stimulation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions comprising (a1) a fungicidal triazole; and (b1) ethoxylated 2-propylheptanol having a mole average degree of ethoxylation from 7.5 to 8.5, to kits comprising the triazole and alcohol alkoxylate in separate containers, as well as to their uses in the agricultural field. The present invention also relates to use of ethoxylated 2-propylheptanol having a degree of ethoxylation from 7.5 to 8.5 as adjuvant and surfactant safener.

Abstract: The invention is an increased effectiveness of allylamine drug compounds for topical treatment of fungal infections of skin and skin appendages. The allylamine active ingredient is prepared in an acidic environment; the acidic environment altering the physiochemical properties of the active ingredient resulting in the active ingredient having a positive charge. The positive charge and enhancers used in the formula allow for increased penetration of the active ingredient through skin and skin appendages. The positively charged active ingredients are either dissolved in the vehicle directly or dissolved in a plurality of beads suspended in the vehicle.

Abstract: A viscous gel for delivering minor effective amounts of active substances through the nasal membrane into the body.

Abstract: Disclosed is a percutaneous absorption preparation which enables the stable administration of an antidementia drug over a long period of time. More particularly, the percutaneous absorption preparation of the antidementia drug which is used as a plaster on skin comprises at least an adherent layer, an intermediate membrane, and a drug reservoir layer sequentially from the side which is plastered on skin, wherein the drug reservoir layer comprises at least an antidementia drug, an aminated polymer, a polyhydric alcohol, and one or more carboxylic acid esters, the intermediate membrane enables the controlled permeation of the antidementia drug into the side of skin, the adherent layer enables the plastering of the percutaneous absorption preparation on skin, and is permeable to the antidementia drug.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for enhancing paracellular permeability at an absorption site in a subject are disclosed. The method includes: (a) administering an effective amount of a phospholipase C inhibitor to a subject at a time in which enhanced paracellular permeability is desired; and (b) enhancing paracellular permeability in the subject at the absorption site through the administering of the effective amount of the phospholipase C inhibitor. The disclosed compositions and methods provide enhanced absorption of a hydrophilic drug in a subject.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a preparation for topically delivering and localizing therapeutic agents, comprising: a vasoconstrictor for retarding vascular dispersion of a therapeutic agent; and a penetration enhancer for facilitating penetration of the vasoconstrictor and the therapeutic agent through a patient's skin. Further disclosed is an associated method of topically delivering and localizing therapeutic agents, comprising the steps of: using a vasoconstrictor for retarding vascular dispersion of a therapeutic agent; in combination with using a penetration enhancer for facilitating penetration of the vasoconstrictor and the therapeutic agent through a patient's skin. Also disclosed are various courses of treatment which comprise applying the various disclosed combinations of agents to the patient's skin.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of certain cyclic acetals or ketals for improving the penetration of pharmaceutical agents into cells and organs.

Abstract: The application of L-arginine and its derivatives to the skin causes beneficial effects of wound healing, increasing erectile function and increased growth of hair when applied in sufficient quantity to the skin. A hostile biophysical agent may be combined with the L-arginine to increase its absorption into the skin. The desired concentrations of the hostile biophysical agent is increased when concentration of L-arginine is less than 20% of the concentration of the substance applied to maximize its effect.

Abstract: A treatment brassiere includes a breasts-supporting garment and a treatment layer. The breast-supporting garment includes at least a breast support having an inner surface and a securing device for securing the breast support on a user that the inner surface of the breast support is contacting with the breast surface of the user. The treatment layer, which is made of a non-absorptive material with respect to a breast treatment, is fittingly provided on the inner surface of the breast support, wherein the treatment layer form as a treatment barrier between the breast surface of the user and the inner surface of the breasts-supporting garment for substantially keeping the breast treatment on the breast surface.

Abstract: Polyethylene glycol ethers of alkyl alcohols having the general formula CH3(CH2)xCH2(OCH2CH2)nOH wherein x is 8 to 20 (of which ceteareth-20, steareth-20 and steareth-100 are preferred), poloxamer 185, poloxamer 407, N,N-dimethyl dodecylamine N-oxide, and mixtures thereof, are employed to increase follicular delivery and/or follicular residence time of certain water soluble ornithine decarboxylase inhibitors of which 2(difluoromethyl)-2,5-diamino pentanoic acid and its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates, optical enantiomers and racemic mixture are preferred.

Abstract: A viscous gel for delivering minor effective amounts of active substances through the nasal membrane into the body.

Abstract: A benzoyl peroxide composition having increased potency includes benzoyl peroxide, a tertiary amine and/or a transition metal, and a base that increases radicals formed by the peroxide.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods of increasing the efficacy of peroxides such as benzoyl peroxide in the treatment of skin conditions such as acne. In a preferred embodiment, the invention relates to methods of increasing radicals formed by peroxides on/in the skin, more specifically near/in the comedone, for topical use in dermatology. In a specific embodiment, the invention relates to the use of transitional metals such as Cu(1) and ferrous ions to increase the efficacy of peroxides such as benzoyl peroxide. In another embodiment, the invention relates to a method by which a peroxide such as benzoyl peroxide and its activator are added to the skin surface at the same time. In another embodiment, the invention relates to the use of a more soluble form of peroxide such as benzoyl peroxide to increase its efficacy. In another embodiment, the invention relates to the addition of a side chain to a peroxide such as benzoyl peroxide so that it is activated by light.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of hydrophilic aromatic alcohols to enhance the uptake of molecules, including biologically active macromolecules, into the body across the intestinal wall from the lumen of the gut; to compositions for oral administration which consists of an enteric capsule capable of withstanding transit through the stomach, containing a mixture comprising: (a) an active principal, and (b) a hydrophilic aromatic alcohol absorption enhancer; and to the user of the composition in medical treatment and diagnosis.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition to be externally applied as a topical preparation for treating several diseases, the composition comprising dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and ozone. A method for obtaining the composition by ozonizing DMSO and a method for treating diseases by applying the composition are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a hybridized polymer matrix, a method of making such, and products incorporating such a matrix. The hybridized polymer matrix comprises a solvent-free polymer matrix base, a hybridized matrix comprising one or more poly(1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidones) and dimethyl sulfoxide, and at least one active substance. The hybridized polymer matrix is useful in the preparation of transdermal therapeutic systems, particularly making possible the introduction of pharmaceutically active substances which are otherwise difficult to dissolve, such as ibuprofen, into a non-polar matrix.

Abstract: A method is provided for increasing the permeability of skin or mucosal tissue to transdermally administered nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The method involves use of a specified amount of a hydroxide-releasing agent, the amount optimized to increase the flux of the NSAID through a body surface while minimizing the likelihood of skin damage, irritation or sensitization. Formulations and drug delivery systems for co-administering a hydroxide-releasing agent with an NSAID are provided as well.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of treatment of a human or non-human subject to combat sub-dermal soft tissue pain therein, said method comprising administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a physiologically tolerable strontium compound.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a dermal composition for external use which keeps skin healthy and demonstrates a sufficient effect in treating skin diseases. The present invention relates to a dermal composition for external use, which comprises sodium cromoglycate and a monoester of polyvalent alcohol and salicylic acid contained in a base.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene (POE-POP) vitamin E, which is prepared from vitamin E by polyethoxylation and polypropoxylation, and a method for preparing the same. The POE-POP vitamin E has a high surface activity and an excellent safety for the skin, so that the POE-POP vitamin E can be advantageously used in the cosmetic industry, the food industry and the medical industry.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and compositions for treating erectile dysfunction. The methods include the step of placing within the fossa navicularis of the patient an effective erection-inducing amount of a vasoactive prostaglandin composition of a semi-solid consistency. The composition comprises a vasoactive prostaglandin, a penetration enhancer, a shear-thinning polysaccharide, a lipophilic compound, and an acidic buffer system. The penetration enhancer is an alkyl-2-(N-substituted amino)-alkanoate ester, a (N-substituted amino)-alkanol alkanoate, or a mixture of these enhancers. The lipophilic compound may be an aliphatic C1 to C8 alcohol, aliphatic C2 to C30 ester, an aliphatic C8 to C30 ester, or a mixture of these. The composition includes a buffer system providing a buffered pH value for said composition in the range of about 3 to about 7.4.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions comprising a macromolecular pharmaceutical agent in mixed micellar form are disclosed. The mixed micelles are formed from an alkali metal alkyl sulfate, and at least three different micelle-forming compounds as described in the specification. Micelle size ranges between about 1 and 10 nanometers. Methods for administering the compositions are also disclosed. A preferred method for administering the present composition is through the buccal region of the mouth, which has been demonstrated to achieve peak plasma levels of the pharmaceutical agent in about thirty minutes.

Abstract: Solutions and aerosols of metal-containing compounds are disclosed. Methods of preparing and using the solutions and aerosols, particularly in the treatment of a subject having a condition, are also disclosed. The metal-containing material can be, for example, an antimicrobial material, an antibacterial material, an anti-inflammatory material, an anti-fungal material, an anti-viral material, an anti-cancer material, a pro-apoptosis material, and/or an MMP modulating material. In certain embodiments, the metal-containing material is an atomically disordered, silver-containing material.

Abstract: Disclosed are articles and oral compositions which enable positioning material(s) which absorb oral fluids into controlled, direct contact with at least one dental arch, or portion thereof, of a subject at the location where teeth emerge from dental arch gum tissue, in a manner conducive to increasing crevicular fluid flow while maintaining a relatively dry application field for a therapeutic and/or cosmetic result effecting period of time. The method is applicable to introduction of gingivally absorbed substances and to treatment of, for instance, periodontal gum disease wherein bacteria is swept along in the crevicular fluid and lysed.

Abstract: An allergen and blocking sorbent for topical application to the skin comprising a surface-modified layered material, such as an intercalated clay, dispersed in a cosmetically acceptable solvent. The organic surface modifier is an organic molecule that contains a substantial dipole moment sufficient to bond, through ion-dipole interactions, with an exchangeable cation on the inner surface of adjacent clay platelets. Suitable organic surface modifiers include aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, alcohols, phenols, ethers, catecols, lactams, lactones and pyrrolidones. The preferred layered material useful in this invention includes the entire family of smectite type clays. The composition is topically applied to the skin to absorb or adsorb (hereinafter “sorb” or “sorbent”) via intercalation between spaced layers of the layered material, and block allergenic organic compounds from plants such as poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac, thus preventing skin rashes.

Abstract: A compound for reducing the incidence of pseudofolliculitis combines a mild skin astringent, an oil based epidermal softener, and a hair stiffener. One embodiment of the compound combines refined powdered oatmeal and emollient of the compound combines refined powdered oatmeal and emollient oil, such as mink oil and liquid vitamin A in a petroleum jelly base. The mixture is applied by being massaged into the skin prior to lathering and then again immediately after the rinsing of the face after shaving. Continual usage significantly reduces the eruption of pseudofolliculitis. The compound would also include Borage Oil and Evening Primrose Oil rich in Gamma Linolenic Acid (GLA).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a topical formulation for the treatment of a dermatological condition which comprises a macrocyclic lactone antibiotic, immunosuppresive macrolide or a biologically active analogue, derivative or pro-drug thereof; characterized in that it further comprises a permeation modulator and the permeation modulator and the macrocyclic lactone or macrolide or the biologically active analogue, derivative or pro-drug thereof are present in relative amounts such that when a therapeutic amount is applied to the skin a minimal systemic effect is produced. The immunosuppressive macrolide may be sirolimus.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition for topical administration, including, as the pharmaceutically active component, at least 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition of a piperidinopyrimidine derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; an acid in an amount to completely solubilise the piperidinopyrimidine derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; a solvent composition including at least two of water, a lower alcohol and a co-solvent selected from one or more of the group consisting of aromatic and polyhydric alcohols; wherein when the co-solvent includes propylene glycol, it is present in an amount of less than approximately 10% by weight.

Abstract: A nasal passage cleaning composition according to the invention comprises water and salt as a base, and contains a mucolytic agent such as alum and/or zinc sulphate to shrink the mucosa and allow sinus passage drainage, decreasing pressure in the infected sinus an alleviates sinus headache and face ache. A preferred mucolytic agent is n-acetyl-L-cystine, which is used to dissolve or soften mucus in the nasal passages, though methyl salicylate may also be used to disintegrate crusted mucus, acting also as a topical anti-inflammatory agent and as a pain relieving agent to reduce pain and discomfort.

Abstract: A penetrating antibiotic gel for treating pain, inflammation and other pathological conditions affecting musculoskeletal tissues and other soft tissues of the body. The composition includes an antibiotic compound and a mobilizing agent in an amount sufficient to enable the antimicrobial compound to penetrate into the sub-dermal soft tissues. The antimicrobial compound may be a macrolide antibiotic compound such as azithromycin, erythromycin or roxithromycin, for example, and the mobilizing agent may be an organogel compound, such as pluronic lecithin liposomal organogel (PLO). The composition may further include a penetration enhancing adjuvant, such as d-limonene, for example. The composition may be applied topically so as to penetrate into the sub-dermal soft tissues, or may injected so as to be absorbed into the soft tissues locally.

Abstract: The invention concerns the use of certain compounds related to fatty acids to control nematodes that infest plants or the situs of plants. Nematodes that parasitize animals can also be controlled using the methods and composition of this invention. Certain of the useful compounds are fatty acid esters that are predicted inhibitors of nematode delta-12 fatty acid desaturases and can be, for example, from C16 to C20 in length.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods which enhance the transport of nucleic acids, especially oligonucleotides at various sites in the alimentary canal of an animal. The methods and compositions enhance the transport of oligonucleotides across the mucosa of the alimentary canal via the use of one or more penetration enhancers. The invention features the use of various fatty acids, bile salts, chelating agents and other penetration enhancers, as well as carrier compounds, to enhance the stability of nucleic acids and/or their transport across and/or into cells of the alimentary canal. In one preferred embodiment, the compositions and methods of the invention are utilized to effect the oral delivery of an antisense oligonucleotide to an animal in order to modulate the expression of a gene in the animal for investigative, therapeutic or prophylactic purposes.

Abstract: Composition which is useful in particular for the treatment and protection of domestic animals which are infested with parasites or are likely to be infested with them, these compositions comprising, in the form of a ready-to-use solution: a) an insecticidal active substance of formula (I), b) a crystallization inhibitor, c) an organic solvent having a dielectric constant of between 10 and 35, preferably of between 20 and 30, d) an organic co-solvent having a boiling point below 100° C., preferably below 80° C., and a dielectric constant of between 10 and 40, preferably of between 20 and 30.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising polyoxyethylene glycol, fatty acid mono- and diglyceride ester as an absorption promoting agent and an absorption controlling agent together with a therapeutically, prophylactically and/or diagnostically active substance. The pharmaceutical compositions are especially suitable for mucosal administration such as intranasal administration.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions comprising a narcotic analgesic in mixed micellar form are disclosed. The mixed micelles are formed from an alkali metal alkyl sulfate, and other micelle-forming compounds as described in the specification. Micelle size ranges between about 1 and 10 nanometers. Methods for making and using the compositions are also disclosed. A preferred method for administering the present composition is through the buccal mucosa of the mouth.

Abstract: Methods and topical pharmaceutical formulations are provided for the treatment of nail fungus (onychomycosis). The invention involves a pharmacologically active antifungal agent, plus a pharmaceutically acceptable base in a formulation having a pH of 7.5 to about 13.0, preferably about 8.0 to 11.5, and most preferably about 8.5 to 10.5. These basic formulations permeate the nail and are effective in treating fungal infections of the nail and surrounding tissues.

Abstract: A permeation enhancer composition is provided for increasing the permeability of skin or mucosal tissue to topically or transdermally administered pharmacologically or cosmeceutically active agents. The composition is comprised of a hydroxide-releasing agent and a lipophilic co-enhancer such as a fatty alcohol, a fatty ether, or a fatty acid ester, including fatty acid esters of polyols such as propylene glycol and glycerol. Also provided are pharmaceutical formulations containing a therapeutically effective amount of an active agent in addition to the aforementioned enhancer composition, methods for administering active agents topically or transdermally with enhanced permeation, and drug delivery systems for application to an individual's skin or mucosal tissue, wherein the systems are formulated so as to contain an active agent to be administered and an effective permeation enhancing amount of an enhancer composition of the invention.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions and methods suitable for ameliorating female sexual dysfunction, and in particular, female sexual arousal disorder. In one embodiment, the invention provides a semisolid composition suitable for topical application comprising: an effective amount of a vasoactive prostaglandin, a polysaccharide thickener, a lipophilic component, and an acidic buffer system.

Abstract: The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for application to the mucosa to be used in drug therapy comprising a water-insoluble and/or water-low soluble substance, ciclesonide, and an aqueous medium, and having an osmotic pressure of less than 290 mOsm. This composition is superior over conventional pharmaceutical compositions for application to the mucosa, due to efficient and high ciclesonide retentivity and permeability to the submucosa or the blood at the mucosa.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods of increasing the efficacy of peroxides such as benzoyl peroxide in the treatment of skin conditions such as acne. In a preferred embodiment, the invention relates to methods of increasing radicals formed by peroxides on/in the skin, more specifically near/in the comedone, for topical use in dermatology. In a specific embodiment, the invention relates to the use of transitional metals such as Cu(1) and ferrous ions-to increase the efficacy of peroxides such as benzoyl peroxide. In another embodiment, the invention relates to a method by which a peroxide such as benzoyl peroxide and its activator are added to the skin surface at the same time. In another embodiment, the invention relates to the use of a more soluble form of peroxide such as benzoyl peroxide to increase its efficacy. In another embodiment, the invention relates to the addition of a side chain to a peroxide such as benzoyl peroxide so that it is activated by light.

Abstract: A composition for topical analgesic and antiseptic use which consists essentially of a approximately equal proportions of alcohol, turpentine, and eucalyptus oil.