Abstract: Methods of treating conditions using metal-containing materials are disclosed. Exemplary conditions include bacterial conditions, biofilm conditions, microbial conditions, inflammatory conditions, fungal conditions, viral conditions, autoimmune conditions, idiopathic conditions, hyperproliferative conditions, noncancerous growths, cancerous conditions and combinations of such conditions. In certain embodiments, the metal-containing material is an atomically disordered, nanocrystalline silver-containing material.

Abstract: Metal-containing materials, as well as their preparation and use are disclosed. The metal-containing material can be, for example, an antimicrobial material, an anti-biofilm material, an antibacterial material, an anti-inflammatory material, an anti-fungal material, an anti-viral material, an anti-cancer material, a pro-apoptosis material, anti-proliferative, MMP modulating material, an atomically disordered, crystalline material, and/or a nanocrystalline material. In certain embodiments, the metal-containing material is an atomically disordered, nanocrystalline silver-containing material.

Abstract: The invention relates to the treating, inhibiting or preventing of certain infectious agents including papilloma virus and various vaginitis-causing microbes by employing cellulose sulfate and other sulfated polysaccharides. In one embodiment, the method involves preventing, inhibiting or treating fungal infections. Corresponding methods of use in manufacturing a medicament as well as use in preventing and inhibiting various infectious agents as well as malignant lesions are disclosed. In another embodiment, use of a sulfated polysaccharide in preventing, inhibiting or treating a parasitic infection is disclosed.

Abstract: Novel methods for the chemical ablation of tissue (e.g. prostatic tissue) are described. These methods include the steps of: (a) providing one or more solid salt dosage form comprising 50-100% w/w salt; and (b) inserting one or more of such solid salt dosage forms into the tissue. The solid salt dosage form is optionally inserted into the tissue under real-time ultrasonic observation. An advantage of the present invention is its ability to eliminate toxic byproducts. For example, where NaCl-based solid salt dosage forms are used to effect localized chemical ablation, the concentration is ultimately reduced to the level of normal saline (i.e., about 0.9%) upon absorption by the body of the subject being treated.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of one or more antimicrobial metals preferably selected from silver, gold, platinum, and palladium but most preferably silver, formed with atomic disorder, and preferably in a nanocrystalline form, for reducing inflammation or infection of the mucosal membrane. The antimicrobial metal may be formulated as, or used in the form of, a nanocrystalline coating of one or more antimicrobial or noble metals, a nanocrystalline powder of one or more antimicrobial or noble metals, or a liquid or solution containing dissolved species from a nanocrystalline powder or coating of one or more antimicrobial or noble metals.

Abstract: Formulations have been developed for regional delivery of drugs, for example, into a cavity such as the pelvic region, peritoneal region, or directly on organs of interest. Regional delivery increases comfort and bioavailability of the drug, resulting in rapid and relatively high blood levels in the regions to be treated in the substantial absence of side effects due to the high levels required for efficacy following systemic delivery. In the preferred embodiment, these formulations consist of drug micro or nanoparticles, which may be formed of drug alone or in combination with an excipient or polymeric carrier. The excipient or polymer may be used to manipulate release rates and to increase adhesion to the affected region. The drug formulation can be applied as a dried powder, a liquid suspension or dispersion, or as a topical ointment, creme, lotion, foam or suppository.

Abstract: The present invention is drawn to a therapeutic drug for micturition disorders and diseases of the lower urinary tract system, containing an organic acid salt of [2-[4-(3-ethoxy-2-hydroxypropoxy)phenylcarbamoyl]ethyl]-dimethylsulfonium. The invention enables treatment of diseases of the lower urinary tract system which cause urinary disorders, such as interstitial cystitis and prostatitis, which arise from unelucidated causes and thus are regarded intractable diseases.

Abstract: The present invention describes methods for preventing and treating sexual dysfunctions in patients by orally administering at least one &agr;-adrenergic receptor antagonist and at least one compound that elevates endogenous nitric oxide or endothelium-derived relaxing factor in vivo. The present invention also describes orally administrable compositions comprising at least one &agr;-adrenergic receptor antagonist and at least one compound that elevates endogenous nitric oxide or endothelium-derived relaxing factor in vivo. In the present invention, the &agr;-adrenergic receptor antagonist is preferably yohimbine or phentolamine, and the compound that elevates endogenous nitric oxide or endothelium-derived relaxing factor in vivo is preferably L-arginine.

Abstract: This invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising a mycophenolate salt, the composition being adapted to release mycophenolate in the upper part of the intestinal tract.

Abstract: The invention provides a composition and method for treating benign prostatic hypertrophy in mammals so as to cause the dissolution and regression of hypertrophied prostatic tissue and thereby provide relief from the obstructive symptoms associated with the disease. The present composition preferably comprises a sterile pyrogen-free solution of the hydrolytic enzymes collagenase and hyaluronidase, a nonionic surfactant, and an antibiotic; all provided, in a pharmaceutically acceptable, buffered, isotonic, aqueous carrier. The present method preferably comprises the direct intraprostatic injection of a safe and therapeutically effective dose of the composition via the transurethral route of administration.

Abstract: The present invention describes novel compositions and kits comprising alpha-adrenergic receptor antagonists and compounds that donate, transfer or release nitric oxide, elevate endogenous levels of endothelium-derived relaxing factor, or stimulate nitric oxide synthesis. In preferred embodiments, the alpha-adrenergic receptor antagonist is an alkaloid selected from the group consisting of rauwolscine, corynanthine, yohimbine, apoyohimbine, beta-yohimbine, yohimbol, pseudoyohimbine and epi-3&agr;-yohimbine, and the compound that donates, transfers or releases nitric oxide, elevates endogenous levels of endothelium-derived relaxing factor, or stimulates nitric oxide synthesis is selected from the group consisting of L-arginine, S-nitroso-N-acetylcysteine, S-nitroso-captopril, S-nitroso-homocysteine, S-nitroso-cysteine and S-nitroso-glutathione. In other embodiments, the present invention describes novel compositions comprising yohimbine and L-arginine.

Abstract: A method of treatment for impotency is provided. The method involves the administration of nitric oxide by a nitric oxide-releasing agent capable of providing a penile erection-inducing amount of nitric oxide to the corpus cavernosum of the penis of an impotent male animal. Also provided is a nitric oxide delivery means for use in the method.

Abstract: The present invention provides a base for suppository comprising oily or fatty base and polyethlene. The suppository prepared by the use of the base of the present invention has superior heat resistance which should not cause quality deterioration such as deformation and cracks, and shows good release, internal absorbability, safety and like compared to those of the suppositories used thus so far in the applied region.

Abstract: The present invention provides a bilayer structure for encapsulating multiple containment units. These containment units can attach or contain therapeutic or diagnostic agents that can be released through the bilayer structure. A suitable example of such a containment unit is a unilamellar or multilamellar vesicle.

Abstract: A solution or gel composition containing activated stabilized chlorine dioxide and phosphates, such as disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, trisodium phosphate, and sodium monofluorophosphate, is disclosed for destroying HIV. The preferred concentration ranges are between about 0.005%-2.0% chlorine dioxide, and between about 0.02%-3.0% phosphate. The phosphate compound retards escape of chlorine dioxide in the pH range of 6.0 to 7.4, at which pH stabilized chlorine dioxide becomes activated and releases sufficient chlorine dioxide to reduce motility and become lethal to the involved micro-organisms. Using a lubricant as a vehicle for the chlorine dioxide/phosphate composition; development of vaginal itching due to Candida Albicans will be stopped.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions in topical or parenteral form containing specific organic mono- or dinitrates, some of them novel compounds, are effective in treating male impotence and erectile dysfunction through topical or intracavernosal administration to the penis. Methods of treatment utilizing the mono- or dinitrate-containing compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: A stable solution cream, salve, or spray composition containing activated stabilized chlorine dioxide and phosphates, such as disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, trisodium phosphate, and sodium monofluorophosphate, is disclosed for the prevention and treatment of abnormal conditions of the epithelium of bodily orifices. Examples of such abnormal conditions of the epithelium of the rectal, vaginal, urethral, oral, nasal, ocular, and auditory canal orifices include bacterial infections, such as Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonoas gingivalis, and fungal infections, such as Candida, and leukoplakia. The preferred concentration ranges are between about 0.005%-2.0% chlorine dioxide, and between about 0.02%-3.0% phosphate. The phosphate compound retards escape of chlorine dioxide in the pH range of 6.0 to 7.

Abstract: A stable solution, cream, salve, or spray composition containing activated chlorine dioxide and phosphates, such as disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, trisodium phosphate, and sodium monofluorophosphate, is disclosed for the treatment of vaginitis and endometriosis by reducing any of Candida, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Pseudomonades, and Porphyromonas gingivalis present in the vagina or the uterus. The preferred concentration ranges are in the range of about 0.005% to about 2.0% of chlorine dioxide, and in the range of about 0.02% to about 3.0% of phosphate. The phosphate compound retards escape of chlorine dioxide in the pH range of 6.0 to 7.4, at which pH chlorine dioxide becomes activated and releases sufficient chlorine dioxide to reduce motility and become lethal to the involved micro-organisms.

Abstract: A stable solution, cream, salve, or spray composition containing chlorine dioxide and a phosphate, such as disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, trisodium phosphate, and sodium monofluorophosphate, is disclosed for the prevention and treatment of abnormal conditions of the epithelium of bodily orifices. Examples of such abnormal conditions of the epithelium of the rectal, vaginal, urethral, oral, nasal, ocular, and auditory canal orifices brought about by any of leukoplakia, hairy leukoplakia, vaginitis, endometriosis, Candida Albicans, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Pseudomonades, Candida species, and leukoplakia vulvae. The preferred concentration ranges are between about 0.005%-2.0% chlorine dioxide, and between about 0.02%-3.0% phosphate. The phosphate compound retards escape of chlorine dioxide in the pH range of 6.0 to 7.

Abstract: Lipophilic active substance composition and its use in a new method of treating erectile dysfunction by administration thereof, optionally together with a hydrophilic vehicle and optionally an antibacterial agent into the urethra.

Abstract: A method for oxidatively consuming volatile sulfur compounds selected from the group consisting of dimethylsulfide, hydrogen sulfide, and methylmercaptan at the epithelial barrier of the rectal, vaginal, urethral, oral, nasal, ocular, and auditory canal orifices to maintain the epithelial barrier and reduce penetration of any of Candida, Actinobacillus actinomycetumcomitans, Pseudomonades, and Porphyromonas gingivalis, said method comprising the step of applying to the orifices a composition comprising a topical preparation selected from the group consisting of liquid solutions, suspensions, semi-solids, salves, creams, and suppositories, wherein the topical preparation contains chlorine dioxide in a concentration in the range of about 0.005% to about 2.0% and a phosphate compound selected from the group consisting of disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, trisodiuit phosphate, or sodium monofluorophosphate in a concentration in the range of about 0.02% to about 3.

Abstract: A method is provided for preventing erectile dysfunction, particularly vasculogenic impotence, in a male individual. The method involves periodic administration of a vasoactive agent throughout a 24-hour period. The agent and dosage regimen are selected such that regularly increased blood flow to the penis is achieved, in turn preventing arterial occlusion and vascular deterioration of the muscular fibers of the vessels and collagen fibers of the cavernosal tissue.

Abstract: A stable solution, cream, salve, or spray composition containing chlorine dioxide and phosphates, such as disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, trisodium phosphate, and sodium monofluorophosphate, is disclosed for the prevention and treatment of abnormal conditions of the epithelium of bodily orifices. Examples of such abnormal conditions of the epithelium of the rectal, vaginal, urethral, oral, nasal, ocular, and auditory canal orifices include bacterial infections, such as Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis, and fungal infections, such as Candida, and leukoplakia. The preferred concentration ranges are in the range of about 0.005% to about 2.0% chlorine dioxide, and in the range of about 0.02% to about 3.0% phosphate. The phosphate compound retards escape of chlorine dioxide in the pH range of about 6.0 to about 7.

Abstract: Methods for preventing and treating microbial infections in the mammalian female lower genital tract such as vulvitis, vaginitis, cervicitis, and endometritis involve the intra-vaginal and/or intra-uterine infusion of a solution containing a pharmacologically acceptable carrier and chlorine dioxide in an amount ranging from about 5 ppm to 1000 ppm, and having a chlorine dioxide to chlorite ratio of at least 5:1. Typical solutions exhibit a pH compatible with the lower genital tract, e.g., a pH from about 5 to about 7.5. In many embodiments, chlorine dioxide in the solution is produced by reacting a chlorite with a mineral acid and adjusting the pH, by reacting a chlorite with an organic acid having a pK of about 2.8 to 4.2, or by reacting a chlorite at a pH below about 5.5 with a heat-activated saccharide in the presence of an organic acid having a pK of about 2.8 to about 4.2. Sodium chlorite is employed in preferred embodiments.

Abstract: A method of delivering NO gas to a desired situs on or in the body of a sentient animal, e.g. humans, comprising combining and causing to react a soluble reducing salt, preferably ferrous sulfate, and a nitrite, preferably sodium nitrite, as reactants in the presence of moisture in situ at or adjacent such situs. Means for such delivery include compositions such as tablets, capsules, ointments, creams, lotions, and sprays containing mixtures of particles or granules of the two reactants, and transdermal patches and osmotic pumps for combining solutions of reactant or reactants in situ.

Abstract: This invention relates to Lactobacillus, skim milk, Lactobacillus Growth Factor (LGF) and Lactobacillus compositions and methods of employing the compositions for preventing urogenital infections. More particularly, this invention relates to the ability of strains of hydrophobic or hydrophilic Lactobacillus to adhere to biomaterials, and intestinal, vaginal and uroepithelial cells, to resist the action of certain antimicrobial agents and to dominate the urogenital flora.

Abstract: Suppositories, produced by a process in which a suppository basic mass is produced containing (a) 50-75% of 5-aminosalicylic acid as an active ingredient, (b) 2-5% talc, magnesium stearate and/or polyvinyl pyrrolidone and (c) 20-48% by weight of a polyethylene glycol having an average molecular weight of at least 4000, and the produced mass is compressed to suppositories in a tabletting machine.

Abstract: A stable solution, cream, salve, or spray composition containing activated stabilized chlorine dioxide and phosphates, such as disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, trisodium phosphate, and sodium monofluorophosphate, is disclosed for the prevention and treatment of abnormal conditions of the epithelium of bodily orifices. Examples of such abnormal conditions of the epithelium of the rectal, vaginal, urethral, oral, nasal, ocular, and auditory canal orifices include bacterial infections, such as Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis, and fungal infections, such as Candida, and leukoplakia. The preferred concentration ranges are between about 0.005%-2.0% chlorine dioxide, and between about 0.02%-3.0% phosphate. The phosphate compound retards escape of chlorine dioxide in the pH range of 6.0 to 7.

Abstract: This invention relates to an article of manufacture comprising an aqueous gel containing a selected zinc salt contained within a deformable plastic-walled tubular container, for convenient and consistent use as a topical genital lubricant during acts of sexual intercourse. The zinc salt must be organic, water-soluble, and have substantial dissociation rates to release divalent zinc ions. Suitable zinc salts include zinc acetate, zinc propionate, zinc butyrate, zinc formate, zinc gluconate, zinc glycerate, zinc glycolate, and zinc lactate. The gel must also contain a thickening agent (such as chemically treated cellulose) and a lubricating agent (such as glycerin), and it must be free of heparin, dextran sulfate, or any other anti-coagulant or other component which poses a substantial risk of adverse effects if the lubricant is used frequently and repeatedly over a period of months or years.

Abstract: A common complication of vaginal delivery is the tearing of the muscles of the vagina and perineum. This tearing results in an irregular laceration which the surgeon must then repair. Current obstetrical practice is to prevent this irregular laceration by performing an episiotomy to create a regular laceration which is later sutured. However, both natural tearing of the vaginal and perineal muscles during delivery and surgical episiotomies are subject to further, more grave, complications. The use of medical therapy instead of surgical therapy will reduce the incidence of lacerations of the muscles of the vagina and perineum. The use of medical therapy for the relaxation of the muscles of the vagina and perineum is described.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for reducing the risk of infection by sexually transmitted viruses. This method involves spreading a lubricant fluid containing a selected zinc salt across the surfaces of the penis or vagina, before intercourse, in a manner that causes the lubricant to coat and remain in contact with the genital surfaces throughout intercourse. The zinc salt should be organic, water-soluble, non-irritating, physiologically acceptable, and have a high rate of dissociation, which allows it to release substantial quantities of divalent zinc ions. Suitable zinc salts include zinc acetate, zinc propionate, zinc butyrate, zinc formate, zinc gluconate, zinc glycerate, zinc glycolate, and zinc lactate. A preferred carrier fluid comprises a lubricant gel, which also contains water, a thickening agent (such as chemically treated cellulose) and a lubricating agent (such as glycerin).

Abstract: The treatment of erectile dysfunctions in mammals, including humans, comprises administering to a host in need thereof an effective dose of linsidomine or a pharmacologically compatible salt thereof, alone or in combination with adenosine, vitamins, prostaglandins, calcium antagonists, .alpha.-receptor blockers and/or smooth muscle relaxants. Also disclosed is a disposable medicament pack containing in a sterile package a disposable syringe containing a dose unit of an erection-promoting active substance or of a combination of active substances, sterile swabs provided with disinfectants, and instructions for use.

Abstract: A stable solution, cream, salve, or spray composition containing activated stabilized chlorine dioxide and phosphates, such as disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, trisodium phosphate, and sodium monofluorophosphate, is disclosed for the prevention and treatment of abnormal conditions of the epithelium of bodily orifices. Examples of such abnormal conditions of the epithelium of the rectal, vaginal, urethral, oral, nasal, ocular, and auditory canal orifices include bacterial infections, such as Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis, and fungal infections, such as Candida, and leukoplakia. The preferred concentration ranges are between about 0.005%-2.0% chlorine dioxide, and between about 0.02%-3.0% phosphate. The phosphate compound retards escape of chlorine dioxide in the pH range of 6.0 to 7.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of zinc salts as anti-viral agents in sexual lubricants. A zinc salt which releases divalent zinc ions in an aqueous carrier fluid is provided in a sexual lubricant formulation which is spread on the genitals before sexual intercourse. The mixture is non-irritating, and the zinc ions serve as an anti-viral agent to reduce the risk of contracting genital herpes if a sexual partner is infected. These lubricants may also reduce the risk of infection by other sexually transmitted viral diseases, such as hepatitis, papilloma viruses, and AIDS. A preferred lubricant formulation comprises water, a thickening or suspending agent, a lubricating agent, and a suitable zinc salt. Salts which have been tested and shown to be non-irritating during sexual intercourse include zinc acetate, zinc propionate, and zinc gluconate. Other zinc salts have also been identified which are soluble in water and have low pK values, which indicates a high rate of zinc ion release.

Abstract: Sunscreen compositions which are waterproof and have high-SPF values comprise a water insoluble film-forming polymer, a polyoxypropylene ether of straight or branched chain alcohol (the emollient/solvent) and a sunscreen component containing at least one UVB type sunscreen and/or at least one UVA type sunscreen in a topical vehicle, preferably in the form of an alcoholic gel. In particular, the combination of a polyoxyalkylene ether of a straight or branched chain alcohol, a carboxylated acrylic copolymer and a sunscreen agent yields waterproof, high-SPF compositions.

Abstract: A topical preparation of danazol comprising a matrix base, danazol retained therein, and optionally a release-promoting agent is provided.The topical preparation is more effective than oral administration of danazol in the shrinkage of endometriosis tissue, the induction of pregnancy, and the like. It does not show any side effects that have been encountered in the oral administration of danazol. Thus, the preparation is very useful remedy for endometriosis.

Abstract: A method is improved for producing highly stable non-pyrogenic solutions of magnesium gluconocitrate. According to this process a specially prepared non-pyrogenic magnesium hydroxycarbonate or magnesium carbonate, gluconic acid anhydride and citric acid are first admixed to form a powder. The admixed powder is then added to an aqueous medium and heated to a temperature of at least about 80.degree. C. to rapidly drive out substantially all of the carbon dioxide. Alternatively, the aqueous medium may be heated to a temperature of at least 80.degree. C. prior to the addition of the powder. The magnesium hydroxycarbonate or magnesium carbonate is prepared by heating to 165.degree. C. for about 18 hours in thin layers in the presence of steam and an oxidizing atmosphere whereby any and all traces of organic material which could be pyrogen forming is eliminated by oxidation thereof.

Abstract: A composition for reducing the transmissability of viral infection from a subject infected therewith which comprises a topically applicable, pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a viricidally effective amount of a polypeptide of between 24 and 500 aminoacid residues comprising at least 24 residues of L-Histidine.

Abstract: A complex of cyclodextrin and cetylpyridinium chloride is disclosed as a controlled release agent of cetylpyridinium chloride. The cyclodextrin can be either cyclodextrin molecule, a polymer of cyclodextrin or modified cyclodextrin. The method of forming the complex is also disclosed.

Abstract: Polypeptides containing a substantial proportion of L-histidine are effective fungicidal agents. They are particularly effective against C. albicans and have a high degree of safety and nontoxicity because of their structural similarity to naturally occuring histidine-rich polypeptides which are unique to the salivas of humans and old world monkeys.

Abstract: A method of prophylactics with respect to detoxification of Staphylococcus aureus and other toxins by ascorbic acid, salts and esters, topically applied by means of carriers which are otherwise regularly employed in the area where Staphylococcus aureus or other bacteria colonize, such as a pharmacological appliance including gauze pads, an absorbant mass or pad associated with menses, douches, and contraceptive compositions.

Abstract: A method of prophylactics with respect to deodorization by ascorbic acid, salts and esters, topically applied by means of carriers which are otherwise regularly employed in the vaginal area, such as a pharmacological appliance including gauze pads, an absorbant mass or pad associated with menses, douches, and contraceptive compositions.