Abstract: Methods and compositions for reducing toxicity of a toxic agent are provided in which a polysaccharide, galactomannan is coadministered with a therapeutic agent in a liquid formulation to a subject to reduce toxicity of the agent for the subject.

Abstract: Pressurized aerosol composition for administration by inhalation comprising a liquefied hydrofluoroalkane, a powdered medicament dispersed therein, and a suspending agent comprising a polymer soluble in the liquefied hydrofluoroalkane which is selected from polymers including recurring amide containing structural units, copolymers of amide containing units and carboxylic acid ester units, polyvinylacetate and acrylic acid/methacrylic acid ester copolymers.

Abstract: A method for the controlled release of an active principle contained in a multiple water-in-oil-in-water emulsion characterized in that the multiple emulsion comprises an invert emulsion Ei with an aqueous phase A1 containing at least a hydrophilic active principle. The emulsion Ei is dispersed in the form of direct emulsion droplets Ed, in a continuous aqueous phase A2, with the two emulsions Ed and Ei stabilized by at least a surfactant, present in their respective continuous phases. The multiple emulsion is brought in the presence of an effective amount of an agent for transforming it into a direct emulsion and induce the release of the active principle, contained in the aqueous phase A1 of emulsion Ei, in the aqueous phase A2.

Abstract: Fumaric acid is added in amounts sufficient to reduce the burn sensation commonly associated with propionic acid derivatives.

Abstract: This pharmaceutical medicine comprises an iron salt, not less than two polyols, a binding agent, a lubricating agent, and a flavoring agent. The dose of elemental iron is not less than 5 mg, and preferably 10 mg to 15 mg per tablet. The proportion of one of the polyols on its own is not less than 10%, and preferably not less than 20% of the total mass of the tablet, the overall proportion of the polyols being not less than 50% and preferably not less than 75%. One of the two polyols is xylitol, comprising not less than 10%, and preferably not less than 20%. The other polyol is sorbitol and/or mannitol.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of producing a composition and to a composition for preventing or reducing formation of resistance in cytostatic treatment comprising combining BVDU, a salt thereof or BVDU in protected form or in prodrug form with at least one cytostatic agent in order to prevent or reduce the formation of resistance during cytostatic treatment. The present invention is also directed to a method of reducing resistance in cytostatic treatment comprising delivering therapeutically-effective amount of at least one cytostatic agent and a therapeutically effective amount of BVDU, a salt thereof, or BVDU in protected form or in prodrug form.

Abstract: A method for assuaging tobacco addiction comprises pulsing doses of nicotine into a user's bloodstream so it reaches the brain before passing through the liver. A nicotine-burst tablet is held in the mouth by a user to receive each nicotine-pulse dose. The tablet is configured to suddenly release its entire nicotine payload from an otherwise inert or benign material. Such nicotine payload is relatively small, e.g., under one milligram. The therapeutic effects depend on the change of nicotine levels in the blood over a change in time. Rapid nicotine onset of a small dose is more assuaging than a slow build-up to a high dosage. An oral carrier comprises a nicotine saturated instant-dissolve paper that delivers one nicotine pulse. An additive prevents abuse by causing excessive use to catalyze a foul taste or sickening sensation.

Abstract: There is provided a topical composition for treating and/or preventing skin irritation induced by a retinoid. The composition has comfrey. There is also provided a method for treating and/or preventing skin irritation induced by a retinoid. An effective amount of comfrey is applied to the skin.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition alleviated in a bitter taste or the like of a medicament. The present invention relates to a composition comprising a basic medicament having an unpleasant taste and polyvinylpyrrolidone and/or copolyvidone; or a method for alleviating an unpleasant taste of a basic medicament having the unpleasant taste by adding polyvinylpyrrolidone and/or copolyvidone. The present invention further provides a composition comprising (1) a basic medicament, (2) polyvinylpyrrolidone and/or copolyvidone, and (3) propylene glycol and/or D-sorbitol; a composition comprising (1) a basic medicament, (2) polyvinylpyrrolidone and/or copolyvidone, and (4) an antioxidant; and a composition comprising (1) a basic medicament, (2) polyvinylpyrrolidone and/or copolyvidone, and (5) a colorant or flavor containing a sulfuric acid or sulfurous acid group.

Abstract: A taste masked composition which comprises a bitter tasting drug, a combination of two enteric polymers comprising, a methacrylic acid copolymer and a phthalate polymer is described. The composition of the present invention is prepared by dissolving the active ingredient, the methacrylic acid copolymer and the phthalate polymer in a solvent and recovering the composition from the solution thereof.

Abstract: Compositions including zinc compounds and select amino acids in a carrier base, and methods of skin treatment with such compositions, are described. The compositions are useful for healing skin and minimizing the irritation incurred from contact with the zinc compound without loss of zinc availability during absorption into the integument.

Abstract: Methylphenidate or other drugs are provided in a formulation for oral administration that releases the drug in two or more pharmacokinetic spikes, by combining different release forms in a single formulation. In a preferred embodiment for methylphenidate, the first pharmacokinetic spike is achieved by the release of taste-masked methylphenidate which is not enterically coated, while a second pharmacokinetic spike is achieved by the release of methylphenidate in a finely divided form from enterically coated pellets or microparticles formulated for rapid release following dissolution of the enteric coating. A critical aspect of the formulation is the inclusion of excipients that create a burst release following the initial rapid release and uptake. The formulation can be administered as a paste, jelly, suspension, or fast dissolving wafer. To manipulate the dose, the formulation can be provided, for example, as a paste packaged in a tube similar to those used to dispense toothpaste.

Abstract: This invention relates to disinfectant concentrates having improved biocidal activity containing an aldehyde, such as glutaraldehyde, a glycol and a lithium based buffer.

Abstract: A method of arresting the flow of blood and other protein containing body fluids flowing from an open wound and for promoting wound healing. In the method, a substantially anhydrous compound of a salt ferrate is provided for a unique use which, when hydrated after mixing with a victim's own blood or other aqueous media, produces Fe+++ thereby promoting clotting when applied in a paste form to the wound for a time sufficient to arrest substantial further blood and other body fluid flow from the wound. The compound is formed of a ferrate (VI) salt taken from the group consisting of H, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs and Fr. However, to decrease or eliminate stinging sensation, the compound may be formed having a ferrate (VI) salt taken from the group consisting of Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, Hg, TI, Pb, Bi, Al, As, NH4 and N(C4H9)4.

Abstract: An oral formulation comprising a biguanide and an organic acid has less unpleasant tastes such as bitterness and saltiness.

Abstract: A method for producing an improved veterinary product is disclosed. The method comprises bringing a selected long-acting anticmicrobial formulation into intimate admixture with a predetermined amount of an anti-inflammatory agent and preparing the admixture for parenteral administration.

Abstract: A disinfectant composition containing more than 0.05% and less than 9.4% by volume of dimethyl benzyl lauryl ammonium bromide, substantially pure, substantially de-ionized, substantially bacteria free water if the pH of the water is between 5.0 and 6.8, a first stabilizer structured to adjust a pH level of the disinfectant composition to approximately 7, ammonium Bulfate structured to increase a strength of the composition and a stabilizer structured to lower the pH level of the disinfectant composition back to approximately 7.

Abstract: A mixed micellar aerosol pharmaceutical formulation includes a micellar proteinic pharmaceutical agent, an alkali metal lauryl sulphate, at least three micelle forming compounds, a phenol and a propellant. The micelle forming compounds are selected from the group consisting of lecithin, hyaluronic acid, pharmaceutically acceptable salts of hyaluronic acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, chamomile extract, cucumber extract, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, monoolein, monooleates, monolaurates, borage oil, evening of primrose oil, menthol, trihydroxy oxo cholanyl glycine and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, glycerin, polyglycerin, lysine, polylysine, triolein, polyoxyethylene ethers and analogues thereof, polidocanol alkyl ethers and analogues thereof. The amount of each micelle forming compound is present in a concentration of from 1 to 20 wt./wt. % of the total formulation, and the total concentration of micelle forming compounds are less than 50 wt./wt. % of the formulation.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to reduced VOC hair spray compositions. One composition includes a concentrate and propellant. The concentrate includes 25-45 weight percent alcohol, 30-50 weight percent methyl acetate, 5-15 weight percent resin, 0.2-1.3 weight percent neutralizer, and 5-25 weight percent water. The propellant comprises dimethyl ether. The composition includes 50 to 90 weight percent concentrate and 10 to 50 weight percent propellant.

Abstract: A chemical composition and method useful in the treatment of stored potatoes is disclosed. The chemical composition includes a mixture of a substituted naphthalene compound and an odor-neutralizing ingredient. The instant invention also discloses a method for reducing the odor of naturally-occurring or applied substituted naphthalenes. The odor-neutralizing ingredient neutralizes the odor associated with substituted naphthalene compounds.

Abstract: A composition having analgesic, antiseptic and skin healing promoting activity, suitable for the treatment of burns, sunburns, scalds, irritation, sores and abrasions which includes, as active ingredients, chlorophyll, cod liver oil, and camphor, preferably together with a natural antiseptic agent chosen from niaouli oil, thyme oil, and mixtures thereof, in a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle for topical application.

Abstract: A formulation for preventing or treating parturient hypocalcemia or milk fever comprises a solution of hydrochloric acid in water, soybean meal, additional feed components and minerals. The feed formulation is prepared by grinding soybean meal to a particle size of 1000 to 2000 microns. A hydrochloric acid solution and feedgrade limestone are blended into the meal to produce the formulation.

Abstract: A method for preventing fungal diseases in crops which comprises the steps of: (a) applying to a crop an aqueous or a non-aqueous spray composition which includes a pesticide and a spray adjuvant including a solvent and an emulsifier, wherein the solvent is a mixture of aliphatic hydrocarbons having a distillation range of about 520 to 600° F. and an aromatic content of about 1% or less, or the solvent is a single or combination of C6-C18 fatty alcohol(s); and (b) applying chlorothalonil to the crop previously to, simultaneously with, or subsequently to the application of the aqueous spray composition, wherein phytotoxicity associated with the application of chlorothalonil is reduced or eliminated.

Abstract: An oral hygiene composition containing eucalyptol and a zinc salt, wherein the harsh taste or burn sensation ordinarily imparted by the eucalyptol and the astringency ordinarily caused by the zinc salt are abated or eliminated by effective amounts in the composition of a taste receptor blocker, preferably in combination with a three component flavor system containing at least one spice, at least one sweetener and at least one fruity note. The taste receptor blocker is preferably a hydrogenated, ethoxylated glycerol ester which has the mouth feel characteristic of a fat but which has a much higher degree of solubility and hence improved clarity (ie., reduced cloudiness) for the composition.

Abstract: A method of treating antimicrobial products, dairy products, pharmaceutical products and other products having offensive tastes or odors to remove the off-odors and off-tastes from the products. The method involves exposing a selected commercial grade product that contains a small amount of free acid impurities to an ammonia gas. The ammonia gas reacts with the free acid impurities to convert the free acids into ammonium salts, thereby reducing or eliminating the off-flavor and off-odor of the product.

Abstract: Aqueous endosulfan microcapsule dispersions in which the dispersed microcapsules comprise endosulfan, an organic solvent or solvent mixture and a capsule-forming material based on isocyanate prepolymers and the aqueous phase which represents the dispersion medium comprises surfactants, a water-soluble inorganic salt with or without other formulation aids, which include a relatively small amount of capsule-forming material, and a process for their preparation.

Abstract: Self-emulsifying microemulsion or emulsion preconcentrate pharmaceutical compositions containing an omega-3 fatty acid oil such as a fish oil and a poorly water soluble therapeutic agent such as cyclosporin are formulated for administration, particularly oral administration to a human. The preconcentrates, which are substantially free of or contain only minor amounts of a hydrophilic solvent system, contain a pharmaceutically effective amount of an omega-3 fatty acid oil; a therapeutically effective amount of a poorly water soluble therapeutic agent that is substantially soluble in the omega-3 fatty acid oil; and a surfactant system comprising at least one surfactant. Microemulsions or emulsions formed by diluting the self-emulsifying preconcentrate with an aqueous solution are also provided.

Abstract: This invention provides a liquid antimicrobial composition that is particularly useful as a mouthwash for treating or reducing the risk of dental disease. The composition is prepared by mixing a first solution comprising a water soluble metal chlorite compound with a second solution comprising sodium persulfate and hydrogen peroxide. The resulting composition, containing chlorine dioxide, is preferably used at the time of preparation by applying the composition to the locus where treatment is desired.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for treating a tic disorder comprising administering an effective amount of 2-methyl-4-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-10H-thieno[2,3-b][1,5]benzodiazepine.

Abstract: A chewable dosage form containing a histamine H2-receptor antagonist in an amount which is effective to treat a gastrointestinal disorder is provided in a palatably acceptable form. The dosage form comprises granules containing the histamine H2-receptor antagonist, which are provided with a taste-masking coating comprising a water-insoluble, water-permeable methacrylate ester copolymer in which the coating is applied to the granules in an amount which provides a taste-masking effect for a relatively short period during which the composition is being chewed by a patient, but which allows substantially immediate release of the histamine H2-receptor antagonist after the composition has been chewed and ingested.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition which includes one or more organic suncreens and colloidal silicon dioxide. Preferably, the colloidal silicon dioxide is prewetted with a liquid, such as liquid silicone. In another embodiment, the present invention provides a composition for topical application to the lips or oval cavity. The composition includes a topically applicable anhydrous base; a malflavored organic sunscreen; and a malflavored organic sunscreen taste-masking effective amount of colloidal silicon dioxide. In yet another embodiment, a method of preparing the composition of the present invention is provided. The method includes the steps of (a) mixing silicon dioxide and a liquid, such as silicone; (b) adding the mixture of step (a) to a melted anhydrous base material; (c) adding an organic sunscreen to the mixture of step (b); and (d) cooling the mixture of step (c).

Abstract: The invention concerns the use of a substance P antagonist in a cosmetic composition used to treat sensitive skin. More specifically, the invention relates to a substance P antagonist used to prevent and/or combat skin irritations, desquamation, erythemas, sensations of dysesthesia/overheating, or pruritus of the skin.

Abstract: This invention pertains to a malodor counteractant composition comprising a malodor counteractant agent in an oral vehicle. The malodor counteractant agent is selected from the group consisting of, in percentages by weight: (A) (a) geranyl propionate; (b) benzyl benzoate; and (c) neryl acetate; (B) (a) citronellyl acetate; (b) benzyl benzoate; and (c) neryl acetate; (C) (a) benzyl benzoate; (b) geranyl propionate; and (c) citronellyl acetate; (D) (a) geranyl propionate; (b) citronellyl acetate; and (c) benzyl benzoate; (E) (a) citronellyl acetate; and (b) geranyl propionate; (F) (a) benzyl benzoate; and (b) neryl acetate; (G) (a) benzyl benzoate; (b) neryl acetate; (c) trimethyl (2,6,6) vinyl(6) tetrahydropyran; (d) citronella oil; and (e) and ethyl alcohol; and (H) (a) benzyl benzoate; (b) neryl acetate; (c) citronella oil; (d) geranyl acetate; (e) alpha ionone; (f) geranyl propionate; (g) linalool; and (e) and ethyl alcohol.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a taste-masked pharmaceutical composition. In particular the invention relates to suspensions of microcapsules taste-masked as a function of a polymer coating and the pH of a suspending medium. Surprisingly, a polymer considered permeable maintains taste masking in this media whereas a polymer considered impervious by the industry does not. There is provided a taste masked oral pharmaceutical composition including: a pharmaceutically active ingredient having a pH-dependent solubility; a polymer encapsulating said pharmaceutically active ingredient, said polymer having a quaternary ammonium functionality; a suspending medium for suspending the encapsulated pharmaceutically active ingredient, said medium adjusted to a predetermined pH at which the pharmaceutically active ingredient remains substantially insoluble; and wherein the pharmaceutically active ingredient is taste masked by the combination of the polymer and suspending medium.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel formulations comprising a medicament and an ion-exchange resin.

Abstract: An oily composition comprises a solid phase containing a water-soluble effective substance and/or a water-dispersible effective substance and an oil phase containing an oily component and an emulsifying agent having an HLB value of not more than 10, wherein the solid phase is dispersed in the oil phase in the form of a fine particulate state having an average particle size of not more than 5 &mgr;m and the water content or the aqueous alcohol solution content of the solid phase is not more than 30% by weight.

Abstract: The present invention relates to orally administered suspensions of pharmaceutical active substances of the NSAID type, particularly the antirheumatic agent Meloxicam, which are stabilized by the addition of small amounts of highly dispersed silicon dioxide using high shear forces and adding small amounts of hydrophilic polymers to form a three-dimensional siloid structure, and a process for the preparation thereof.

Abstract: A synergistic flavoring combination of at least two flavoring oils and lauryl alcohol for use in an orally administered formulation which contains an ionizable zinc compound having an undesirable taste, the flavoring combination is unexpectedly effective in masking the unpleasant taste or aftertaste of zinc.

Abstract: A taste-masked micromatrix powder in which the ratio of a cationic copolymer synthesized form dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate and neutral methacrylic acid esters compared to a drug having poor organoleptic properties is greater than 2 to 1, preferably 4 to 1, most preferably 6 to 1 (wt/wt). Taste masked immediate release micromatrix powders can be formed by spray drying the drug and cationic copolymer whereas sustained release micromatrix powders can be formed by granulating controlled release powders, which can be made by spray drying the drug with a retarding polymer, with the cationic copolymer. The immediate release or sustained release taste-masked powders of this invention can be incorporated into conventional oral dosage forms such as sprinkles, suspension, fast melt tablets, chewable tablets or effervescent tablets.

Abstract: A taste-masked microcapsule composition for administration of a drug is provided. The composition comprises microcapsules of drug and a substantially water-insoluble polymeric material, typically a cellulosic polymer. The microcapsule composition may be incorporated into any number of pharmaceutical formulations, including chewable tablets, effervescent tablets, powders, liquid dispersions, and the like. A method for masking the taste of drugs is also provided, involving a phase separation coacervation technique in which drug is coated with relatively high levels of a polymeric material. These high coating levels give rise to effective taste masking, while nevertheless allowing targeted release of drug, so that the drug is released shortly after passage through the mouth.

Abstract: A tachykinin receptor antagonist is useful for treating or preventing attention deficit disorder, optionally associated with hyperactivity, in a patient.

Abstract: For the oral administration of the anti-depressant mirtazapine an aqueous solution or suspension is found which is preferably stabilized by methionine, is thickened, and which has a pH of from 2.5 to 3. By the formulation according to the invention, an undesirable local anaesthetic effect of mirtazapine is avoided.

Abstract: A controlled release pharmaceutical composition includes a biocompatible polymeric material, preferably polyethylene-vinyl acetate or poly(lactic-glucolic acid), having incorporated therein a soluble receptor capable of binding to its ligand and thus affecting the ligand's function. The soluble receptor is preferably the soluble form of TNF.alpha. receptor. Such compositions are for use in the treatment of disorders in which neutralization of the deleterious effects of TNF.alpha. is required.

Abstract: A new pathway of metabolism of 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT) to 3'-amino-3'-deoxythymidine (AMT) has been described. This pathway involves the enzyme aldehyde oxidase. Aldehyde oxidase inhibitors may be used to reduce AMT formation during therapy with AZT.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel liquid oral suspensions incorporated within a soft gelatin capsule comprised of a bitter or bad-tasting pharmaceutical active (such as antihistamines, decongestants and the like) which is dispersed within an adsorbate comprised of magnesium trisilicate, silicon dioxide or mixture thereof. The adsorbate is dispersed within an aqueous or non-aqueous carrier base and combined with other flavors, sweeteners, emulsifiers and the like. The adsorbate not only taste-masks the active but also insures that is evenly dispersed through the liquid suspension so that a uniform dosage rate is readily achievable. The encapsulation of the adsorbate within a gelatin capsule makes administration easier for children andmore convenient. The capsule also affords the adsorbate suspension greater shelf life.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions comprising paclitaxel; and a pharmaceutically-acceptable, water-miscible, non-aqueous solvent, together with kits comprising the composition and methods of using the composition.

Abstract: A non-toxic arthropod control composition is disclosed for application to foliage for plant protection. The composition includes behavior interfering compounds, agricultural oil and/or surface active compounds and diluents. The behavior interfering compounds may be any known conventional compound capable of interrupting or altering the normal behavioral sequences of the target. The agricultural oil can be a vegetable oil.

Abstract: In an ophthalmic solution comprising an antimicrobial preservative having a quaternary ammonium type cationic group, there are blended a cyclodextrin, EDTA or its salt, and boric acid and/or borax. The solution has an excellent antimicrobial activity and is effective for inhibiting the antimicrobial preservative from adsorbing to contact lenses. It can be instilled to eyes with contact lenses on.

Abstract: An oral-delivery pharmaceutical composition for reducing the gastric irritation effect of an NSAID in the upper GI tract of a mammal. The composition includes (a) a mucosal protective amount of a pharmaceutically-acceptable hydrocolloid gum obtainable from higher plants, (b) a dispersion-enhancing amount of another excipient and (c) a therapeutically-effective amount of an NSAID. Also disclosed is a process for preparing the composition and a method for reducing the gastric irritation effect of the NSAID by administering the composition. Also, disclosed is a composition particularly useful for preparing an aqueous suspension.

Abstract: The physiological acceptability of contrast media, especially media for use in angiography, may be enhanced by inclusion of sub-plasma levels of sodium and calcium and, optionally, potassium and/or magnesium, for example 30 mM Na, 0.15 mM Ca, 0.9 mM K and 0.1 mM Mg.