Abstract: A method for in situ acid stimulation of a subterranean formation that contains a hydrocarbon reservoir may include contacting the formation with an acidizing fluid comprising an aqueous fluid, a sulfonyl chloride, and a mutual solvent, wherein upon exposure to formation temperatures, the sulfonyl chloride and aqueous fluid hydrolyze the sulfonyl chloride, thereby producing hydrochloric acid.

Abstract: Alumina particles and compositions containing alumina particles are disclosed. Methods of making alumina particles and methods of using alumina particles are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a vacuumable gel and the gel use to decontaminate surfaces, for example, radioactive decontamination. The gel is composed of a colloidal solution comprising: from 5 to 25 wt % of an inorganic viscosity modifier; from 0.01 to 0.2 wt % of a surfactant, preferably, a surfactant in an amount strictly below 0.1 wt %, wt % relative to the total weight of the gel; from 0.5 to 7 mol, per liter of gel, of an inorganic acid or base; and optionally from 0.05 to 1 mol, per liter of gel, of an oxidizer having a standard redox potential Eo greater than 1.4 V in a strong acid medium or of the reduced form of this oxidizer; the remainder being water. The gel may be applied, by spraying, to a surface to be decontaminated, and removed in the form of dry residues by suction or brushing after drying.

Abstract: Aluminum oxide powder in the form of aggregates of primary-particles, which has a BET surface area of from 10 to 90 m2/g and comprises as crystalline phases, in addition to gamma-aluminum oxide and/or theta-aluminum oxide, at least 30% of delta-aluminum oxide. It is prepared by vaporizing aluminum chloride and burning the vapor together with hydrogen and air, the ratio of primary air/secondary air being 0.01 to 2, the exit speed vB of the reaction mixture from the burner being at least 10 m/s, the lambda value being 1 to 4, the gamma value being 1 to 3 and the value of gamma*vB/lambda being greater than or equal to 55. Dispersion comprising the aluminum oxide powder. Coating composition comprising the dispersion.

Abstract: Methods of sol-gel processing for the preparation of mixed gels and nanoparticles are described. Further, mixed gels and nanoparticles obtained by the method are also disclosed. More specifically, a process for mixture of NiO nanoparticles and Yttria stabilized Zirconia nanoparticles obtained by only one sol-gel process is described.

Abstract: This invention discloses improvements that can be achieved in thermal or mechanical performance of aerogel composites via densification. Densified aerogels and aerogel composites can display higher compressive strength, modulus, flexural strength, and maintains or insubstantially increases the thermal conductivity relative to the pre-densified form. In the special case of fiber reinforced aerogel composites densification via mechanical compression can prove highly beneficial.

Abstract: Amorphous porous solid of an acidic nature, with a controlled pore size, essentially consisting of a mixed oxide of silicon, aluminum and phosphorous, having a surface area of at least 200 m2/g, which can be used as a catalyst or active carrier of a catalyst for various industrial processes, such as, for example, alkylation, isomerization, hydro-dehydrogenation processes, with an improved activity and selectivity with respect to the traditional amorphous silica-alumina gels.

Abstract: Methods of sol-gel processing for preparing of gels and nanoparticles are described. The invention also relates to gels and nanoparticles prepared by the described methods. A preferable embodiment describes ZrO2 nanoparticles produced by sol gel processing by using sucrose and pectin as polymerization agents.

Abstract: Aerogels having a high density of hydroxyl groups and a more uniform pore size with fewer bottlenecks are described. The aerogel is exposed to a mixture of a supercritical fluid and water, whereupon the aerogel forms a high density of hydroxyl groups. The process also relaxes the aerogel into a more open uniform internal structure, in a process referred to as hydroetching. The hydroetching process removes bottlenecks from the aerogels, and forms the hydrogels into more standard pore sizes while preserving their high surface area.

Abstract: A two-step method for producing monolithic alumina aerogels having porosities of greater than 80 percent. Very strong, very low density alumina aerogel monoliths are prepared using the two-step sol-gel process. The method of preparing pure alumina aerogel modifies the prior known sol method by combining the use of substoichiometric water for hydrolysis, the use of acetic acid to control hydrolysis/condensation, and high temperature supercritical drying, all of which contribute to the formation of a polycrystalline aerogel microstructure. This structure provides exceptional mechanical properties of the alumina aerogel, as well as enhanced thermal resistance and high temperature stability.

Abstract: This invention relates to ink follower for a water-base ballpoint pen with its bubbles removed, time-dependent stability, less oil separation, and greatly reduced lot-to-lot viscosity difference and associated performance difference, and a method for manufacturing the same. After addition of thickener, the follower is made depressurized preferably at 0.2 atm or lower. Simultaneous heating and stirring are preferable. When the ink follower is solely debubbled in advance, fine bubbles contained in particulate silica, clay thickener, etc. can be very highly removed even if the centrifugal debubbling is not so strong and there is no bad affection to the writing property of the pen. It is also possible that, after adding the thickener, a centrifugal force greater than or equal to 200-fold of the gravitational acceleration is applied to debubble.

Abstract: Process for preparation of hydrophilic or partially hydrophilic inorganic aerogels. The invention relates to a process for the preparation of hydrophilic or partially hydrophilic inorganic aerogels, which comprises pyrolyzing a hydrophobic inorganic aerogel in the presence of oxygen at temperatures in the range from 100 to 1000° C.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a recording medium comprising an alumina hydrate having an average pore radius of 20 to 200 Å and a half breadth of pore radius distribution of 20 to 150 Å.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing spherical catalyst carrier of silica, silica-alumina composition, zirconia-alumina composition, titania-alumina composition, boria-alumina composition, or boria-silica-alumina composition which has almost the same pore characteristics as alumina hydrate gel, silica-alumina hydrate gel, zirconia-alumina hydrate gel, or titania-alumina hydrate gel (or alumina hydrate paste, boria-alumina hydrate paste, or boria-silica-alumina hydrate paste) as the major raw material, has uniform sphericity and smooth surface and homogeneity, and has a macropore volume that can be controlled.

Abstract: A process for making a modified boehmite alumina comprising reacting at elevated temperatures a boehmite alumina with a compound having the formula: X(SO3M)n wherein X is an organic moiety, M in a monovalent cation, and n is an integer reflecting the number of SO3M groups bonded to said organic moiety to produce a reaction mixture containing modified boehmite alumina and recovering solid, modified boehmite alumina from the reaction mixture.

Abstract: This invention relates to a foam control agent which comprises the reaction product prepared by reacting: (a) a hydrocarbon carrier; (b) a precipitated amorphous silicate; (c) a refractory clay; and (d) a reactive silicone in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a basic catalyst at elevated temperatures.

Abstract: A thickened, shear thinnable composition comprising a water-miscible organic liquid, alumina, water and an effective amount of a gelling agent that will flocculate or gel the alumina to the desired degree but permit the gelled composition to be rendered less viscous or pourable upon the application of a shear force.