Abstract: Defoamer compositions are disclosed and methods for making and using same, where the defoamer has universal applicability at low concentrations. The defoamer compositions include between 40 vol. % and about 80 vol. % distilled water (other waters may be used instead), 10 vol. % and about 30 vol. % of silicon anti-foam agent and between about 10 vol. % and about 30 vol. % of active silicon anti-foam agent. The defoamer compositions are used in amount of less than or equal to 200 ppm in all foamed downhole fluid systems.

Abstract: Highly specialized three-dimensional structural kinetic mixing particles to promote low surface energy regions for bubble and nucleation sites resulting in stronger, lighter weight foam having consistent cellular structures. The foam composition includes particles that continue to remain active as foam constituent fluids move during the foam expansion process. The continued mixing promotes better dispersion of blowing agents as well as increased mobility through better dispersion of reactive and nonreactive additives throughout the polymer during expansion of the foam thereby improving cellular consistency. The addition of kinetic mixing particles will produce similar results in any structural foam material that uses endothermic blowing agents, exothermic blowing agents and/or gas foam injection systems.

Abstract: A silica-based particulate material that may contain less than 5 wt. % of a multivalent cation and a method of preparing such a silica-based particulate material. The silica-based particulate material may be characterized as having a median particle size of at least 20 &mgr;m, a BET surface area of at least 90 m2/g, and a pH of at least 9.5; or as having a median particle size of up to 20 &mgr;m and a pH of at least 10. The silica-based particulate material may be used to make hydrophobic silica-based particulates, which may be characterized as having a pH of at least 10.5.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for controlling foam in a foam producing system comprising adding to the foam producing system a dispersible silicone composition comprising (I) a silicone composition prepared by reacting (i) a polyorganosiloxane, (ii) a silicon compound, optionally (iii) a finely divided filler, and (iv) a catalytic amount of a compound for promoting the reaction of the other components and (II) a hydrocarbon oil. The hydrocarbon oil is effective as a dispersing agent for the silicone composition (I). The hydrocarbon oil-containing compositions are easier to handle, and produce less waste and its dispersion into mineral oil based formulations is more efficient.