Abstract: Provided is a defoamer for fermentation which has excellent dispersibility in water and forms neither a precipitate nor oil droplets when the dispersion is heated, and which is highly effective in defoaming fermentation media. This defoamer contains a reaction product obtained by mixing a fat or oil having an iodine value of 40 to 130 with glycerin or like in a molar ratio of from 3/2 to 1/2 to obtain a mixture, causing 4 to 17 mol of propylene oxide to add to 1 mol of the mixture, and then causing 20 to 40 mol of ethylene oxide and 70 to 110 mol of propylene oxide to block-wise add thereto in this order, the reaction product having an ethylene oxide/propylene oxide molar ratio of from 1/4 to 2/5.

Abstract: Disclosed are low VOC defoaming agents comprising at least one active defoaming compound or combination of defoaming compounds, and a liquid carrier comprising one or more organic compounds having a viscosity of less than about 100 centistokes (cSt) at 40° C. as measured by ASTM D445, having a VOC content as measured by ASTM method D3960 “Standard Practice for Determining Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Content of Paints and Related Coatings” of not greater than about 1% by weight.

Abstract: Provided is a defoamer for fermentation which has excellent dispersibility in water and forms neither a precipitate nor oil droplets when the dispersion is heated, and which is highly effective in defoaming fermentation media. This defoamer contains a reaction product obtained by mixing a fat or oil having an iodine value of 40 to 130 with glycerin or like in a molar ratio of from 3/2 to 1/2 to obtain a mixture, causing 4 to 17 mol of propylene oxide to add to 1 mol of the mixture, and then causing 20 to 40 mol of ethylene oxide and 70 to 110 mol of propylene oxide to block-wise add thereto in this order, the reaction product having an ethylene oxide/propylene oxide molar ratio of from 1/4 to 2/5.

Abstract: Defoamer compositions of high effectiveness containing at least one siloxane-based antifoam and polysiloxane copolymers obtained by coupling a polysiloxane bearing active-hydrogen-containing hydrophilic polymer moieties by means of a di- or polyisocyanate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to foam control compositions and methods for controlling foam in aqueous media by adding to the system an effective amount of the foam control agent of the present invention. The antifoam/defoam compositions of the present invention include a concentration of active ingredients such as a polyalkylene glycol, a fatty alcohol alkoxylate, and an ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block copolymer, the compositions carried in polybutene and surfactants selected from polyethylene glycol esters, sorbitan esters, polyoxyethylene/polyoxypropylene fatty acid esters, and dialkyl phthalate. These compositions have been found to be superior in controlling foam versus conventional defoamers. The benefits of the foaming control effect are more evident at moderate to high temperatures and high caustic aqueous media such as Bayer process liquors.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for suppressing the foaming of an aqueous system which involves combining water and at least one defoamer composition which has a hydroxyl equivalent molecular weight of at least 4000 Da and a cloud point less than or equal to 30° C. in 1% aqueous solution. The high hydroxyl equivalent molecular weight defoamers of the present invention exhibit excellent defoaming properties at a low cloud point. Additionally, defoamers of the present invention exhibit defoaming properties which are better than those of defoamers having the same cloud point which are based on polyoxyalkylene copolymers prepared in the presence of potassium hydroxide. The superior defoaming properties of the defoamers of the present invention are particularly useful in the manufacture or processing of food items.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula H(CH2)zCOO—[C2H4O]xCyH2y+1 where z is 0-2, x is an integer from 1 to 5 and y is an integer from 4-9 are used as emulsion breakers and defoamers in formation treatment fluids in the recovery of hydrocarbons from subterranean formations. A preferred material has the formula HCOO—[C2H4O]3C6H7.

Abstract: A dispersant composition comprising (A) 20-80% by weight of an acetylene glycol or ethoxylated acetylene glycol and (B) 20-80% by weight of a graft product of an allyl alcohol-maleic anhydride-styrene copolymer with a polyoxyalkylene monoalkyl ether, comprising (a) polyoxyalkylene monoalkyl ether units, (b) maleic anhydride units, and (c) styrene units, in a compositional ratio a:b:c of 25-40:25-40:25-40 in mole percent, and having a {overscore (Mw)} of 1,000-50,000 exerts improved dispersing, anti-foaming and viscosity-reducing effects, when used in small amounts in dispersing of inorganic particulates.

Abstract: The invention includes a method for defoaming aqueous or non-aqueous foams comprising placing a sonicator probe directly into said foam and thereafter sonicating said foam in pulse mode at a sonication energy of at least about 25 watts/cm2 for a time required to collapse the foam.

Abstract: The products of the reaction of epichlorohydrin and compounds having the formula II R3(EO)n(PO)mOH  (II) wherein R3 is an alkyl, alkenyl or arenyl group having from 4 to 22 carbon atoms; a substituted alkyl or alkenyl group having from 4 to 22 carbon atoms wherein; n is a number from 0 to 50 and m is a number from 0 to 50; wherein the mole ratio of epichlorohydrin to (II) is from about 0.60/1 to about 2/1 are used in defoaming compositions for defoaming aqueous systems such as latex paints.

Abstract: Products of the reaction between I) the reaction product of reactants comprising A) a linking agent of formula I R4(Y)3  (I)  wherein each Y group is a halogen atom or one Y group is a halogen atom and two Y groups represent an oxygen atom, which is attached to two adjacent carbon atoms in the R4 group to form an epoxy group, and R4 is an alkanetriyl group containing from 3 to 10 carbon atoms; and B) a compound formula II R3(EO)n(PO)m(BO)pX  (II)  wherein R3 is a substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic or araliphatic oxy or thio group having from 1 to 36 carbon atoms or a secondary amino group having from 2 to 36 carbon atoms; n is a number of from 0 to 50; m is a number of from 0 to 50; p is a number of from 0 to 50; and X is hydrogen, or X can be a mercapto group or an amino group in place of a terminal —OH group, provided that when X is mercapto or amino; the sum of n, m, and p must be at least 1; and the mole ratio of A:B is from about 0

Abstract: An aqueous emulsion containing from about 0.1 to about 70 weight percent of a mixture of a) one or more alkoxylated alcohols of formula RO(C2H4O)x(C3H6O)yZ  wherein R is straight or branched C4-C40 alkyl; x is 0 to about 25; y is less than 1 to about 50 and Z is H or the residue of an organic acid, and b) an effective emulsifying amount of one or more anionic surfactants and use of the emulsion to inhibit foaming in papermaking processes.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods and compositions for controlling foam, i.e., defoaming or inhibiting the formation thereof, in aqueous systems including wastewater systems and in aqueous industrial process systems by adding primary alcohol, alcohol alkoxylate, and emulsifier to the aqueous system, such as in a stable aqueous composition.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula H(CH2)ZCOO—[C2H4O]XCYH2Y+1 where z is 0-2, x is an integer from 1 to 5 and y is an integer from 4-9 are used as emulsion breakers and defoamers in formation treatment fluids in the recovery of hydrocarbons from subterranean formations. A preferred material has the formula HCOO—[C2H4O]3C6H7.

Abstract: Defoamers are the products of the reaction of epichlorohydrin and compounds having the formula II R3(EO)n(PO)mOH  (II) wherein R3 is an alkyl, alkenyl or arenyl group having from 4 to 22 carbon atoms; a substituted alkyl or alkenyl group having from 4 to 22 carbon atoms wherein; n is a number from 0 to 50 and m is a number from 0 to 10; wherein the mole ratio of epichlorohydrin to (II) is from about 0.60/1 to about 2/1 are extremely efficient defoamers for aqueous surfactant systems. The defoamers are added to a surfactant in an amount sufficient to reduce or eliminate foam and have the advantage of being totally dispersible in water, are readily biodegradable, contain no organic solvents and do not affect the detergency of surfactants with which they are used because they are nonionic surfactants in themselves.

Abstract: The products of the reaction of epichlorohydrin and compounds having the formula II

Abstract: A low-foam emulsifier system is presented containing (a) an ethoxylate/propoxylate of one or more C8-C18 fatty alcohols, where the ethoxylate/propoxylate contains 2 to 6 ethylene oxide units and 4 to 8 propylene oxide units, with (b) a fatty alcohol propoxylate or distillation residue of fatty alcohol or fatty alcohol propoxylate, where the fatty alcohol contains 12 to 24 carbon atoms and up to three propylene oxide units. The weight ratio of (a) to (b) is from 1:0.3 to 0.3:1. The emulsifier system produces a low amount of foam, and is useful in industrial metal processing applications such as cleaning, corrosion protection or cooling lubricant emulsions.

Abstract: The products of the reaction of epichlorohydrin and compounds having the formula II R3(EO)n(PO)mOH  (II) wherein R3 is an alkyl alkenyl or arenyl group having from 4 to 22 carbon atoms; a substituted alkyl or alkenyl group having from 4 to 22 carbon atoms wherein; n is a number from 0 to 50 and m is a number from 0 to 50; wherein the mole ratio of epichlorohydrin to (II) is from about 0.60/1 to about 2/1 are used in defoaming compositions for defoaming aqueous systems such as latex paints.

Abstract: The products of the reaction of epichlorohydrin and compounds having the formula II R3(EO)n(PO)mOH  (II) wherein R3 is an alkyl, alkenyl or arenyl group having from 4 to 22 carbon atoms; a substituted alkyl or alkenyl group having from 4 to 22 carbon atoms wherein; n is a number from 0 to 50 and m is a number from 0 to 50; wherein the mole ratio of epichlorohydrin to (II) is from about 0.60/1 to about 2/1 are used in defoaming compositions for defoaming aqueous systems such as latex paints.

Abstract: A method of improving the solubility of a defoaming non-ionic compound in an alkaline aqueous medium includes adding to the aqueous medium a defoaming compound an effective quantity of a compound having the formula: ROZn in which R represents a 2-ethyl hexyl radical, Z is a sugar residue, and n is between 1.1 and 2.

Abstract: Low-foam emulsifier system consisting of:

Abstract: Composition (A) comprising: a) at least one compound of formula (I): (Z)y—(G)x—O—RA  (I); b) at least one compound of formula (II): Z—O—[CH2—CH(R1)—O]n—RB  (II); c) optionally one or more compounds of formula (IV): (G)x—O—RA  (III), and d) optionally one or more compounds of formula (IV) HO—[CH2—CH(R1)—O]n—RB  (IV), wherein the weight ratios of (I) to (II) is 0.1 to 10, (III)/(I) is 0 to 1, and (IV)/(II) is 0 to 1, and in each formula: Z is a —CH(CH3)—O—R2 group, wherein R2 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 30 carbons, y is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 3x+1; x is 1 to 5; n is 1 to 30; R1 is a hydrogen or methyl; G is the residue of a saccharide; RA and RB are independently a hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 30 carbons. Composition (A) has application as an antifoam in cleaning compositions.

Abstract: A method for restricting air entrapment in white water of a paper making process is described, which comprises adding to said white water a polysiloxane having an Si--C bonded substituent with at least one ether or alcohol oxygen. Preferably certain siloxane oxyalkylene copolymers or certain siloxane oxyalcohols are used.

Abstract: Products of the reaction of epichlorohydrin and compounds having the formula IIR.sub.3 (EO).sub.n (PO).sub.m OH (II)wherein R.sub.3 is an alkyl, alkenyl or arenyl group having from 4 to 22 carbon atoms; a substituted alkyl or alkenyl group having from 4 to 22 carbon atoms wherein; n is a number from 0 to 50 and m is a number from 0 to 10; wherein the mole ratio of epichlorohydrin to (II) is from about 0.60/1 to about 2/1 are extremely efficient defoamers for aqueous surfactant systems are effective as defoamers, viscosity reducers and crystallization preventives for aqueous surfactant solutions, particularly alkyl polyglycosides.

Abstract: A method of controlling or preventing foam in an aqueous system is provided, wherein an effective amount of an alkoxylated, epoxidized fatty compound that has been ring-opened with a nucleophile is determined and added to the system. After ring opening with the nucleophile, the epoxidized fatty compound is alkoxylated with an alkylene oxide selected from the group consisting of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and butylene oxide.

Abstract: An anti-foaming composition and a cleaning composition including at least one defoaming nonionic surfactant and at least one alkylpolyglycoside of formula (I): ROZ.sub.n, in which R is a 2-ethylhexyl radical, Z is a saccharoid residue, and n is between 1 and 5.

Abstract: A method for inhibiting foam formation in a stripper of an amine unit is disclosed. The addition of non-foaming demulsifiers to the liquid, compressed hydrocarbon stream entering or the aqueous organic amine stream entering or exiting an absorber of an amine unit effectively inhibits foam formation in the amine unit stripper. Foam formation in the stripper is inhibited by controlling the entrainment of hydrocarbon in the alkaline amine stream entering the stripper through demulsification treatment in the absorber.

Abstract: A process for suppressing the foaming properties of a cleaning product by adding to the cleaning product a foam-suppressing additive consisting of polyethylene glycol ethers corresponding to formula IR.sub.1 O--(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.n --R.sub.2 (I)wherein R.sub.1 is a long-chain branched alkyl or alkenyl radical, R.sub.2 is an alkyl radical containing 4 to 8 carbon atoms and n is a number from 4 to 9, and wherein the radical R.sub.1 O is derived from an alcohol mixture consisting of at least 45 mol percent of an equimolar isomer mixture of 2-hexyl-1-dodecanol and 2-octyl-1-decanol and 0 to 55 mol percent of 2-hexyl-1-decanol.