Abstract: Coping arrangements and methods for mounting coping arrangements for swimming pools and related structures are provided. The coping arrangements include an elongated base member shaped and adapted to be received by a wall of a swimming pool; and a plurality of elongated top members, each of the plurality of elongated top members are adapted to be replaceably mounted to the elongated base member, and each of the plurality of elongated top members having an exposed contour different from each of the other elongated top members. The different exposed contours of the top members of the coping arrangement may comprise different cross-sectional. Methods for changing a coping arrangement, coping arrangement kits, coping members, and methods for installing a pool are also disclosed.

Abstract: A modular tank comprises a plurality of panels positioned on the ground or another surface to form sides of a containment wall. Each panel comprises: i) a side wall section having a trapezoidal shape; and ii) a frame assembly connected to the side wall section and configured to support the side wall section such that a first base of the trapezoid shape is disposed proximate a base of the containment wall and a second base of the trapezoid shape is supported in an elevated position to form part of an upper perimeter of the containment wall. The modular tank also includes a liner configured to be disposed on at least one of the containment wall and the ground surface to thereby form a barrier for containing fluid in the modular tank. Depending on whether the first base of a panel is wider or narrower than the second base, panels may be aligned to form straight walls or curved walls, thereby enabling the modular tank to assume different shapes.

Abstract: The disclosure provides for pool step forms and related methods for forming steps in a pool formed by wall panels. The step forms may include a wall panel insert configured for insertion between adjacent pool wall panels. The step forms may include one or more step form brace configured to couple with the wall panel insert and, thereby, the wall panels. The step forms may include riser forms that from riser portions of the stairs when the step forms and riser forms are coupled. The pool stair forms may be filled with filling material to form tread portions of the stairs. The pool stair forms may include liner support members coupled to the step form braces and/or the wall panels that facilitate the coupling of a liner to the stairs formed by the pool stair forms and filling material.

Abstract: A pool liner retaining system having a pool wall structure that includes a plurality of interlocking panels and methods of constructing a pool wall structure using such interlocking panels are disclosed.

Abstract: A modular containment wall system provides secondary containment about one or more liquid storage tanks in a storage area using panel members connected with series to form a perimeter wall about the storage area together with a barrier member spanning the area surrounding by the perimeter wall. Each panel member has a main wall portion and a brace including a triangular gusset panel and a foot panel along a bottom side in which the gusset panel and foot panel of the brace are pivotal together relative to the main wall portion between a working position in which the gusset panel is substantially perpendicular to the main wall portion and a storage position in which the gusset panel is substantially parallel to the main wall portion.

Abstract: A swimming pool brace assembly having a brace and bracket used to attach a concrete form. The bracket positions the concrete form between the concrete footing and the deck of the swimming pool. The swimming pool brace is provided with receptacles that are adapted to receive the brackets, which are used to retain the position of the concrete form. The receptacles of the brace allow the brackets to be attached to either side of the brace. The bracket includes a retention feature that is configured to retain the bracket in position once inserted into the receptacle of the brace. The bracket includes a series of radially spaced inwardly extending protrusions that engage the concrete form. The protrusions are adapted to deflect to adjust for variations in the size of the forms.

Abstract: A method of preventing egress of a vapor from an encapsulated volume can include forming a substantially impermeable vapor barrier along an inner surface of the encapsulated volume. The encapsulated volume includes a permeable body of comminuted hydro carbonaceous material. Further, the vapor barrier can include an insulating layer capable of maintaining a temperature gradient of at least 400° F. across the insulating layer. The permeable body can be heated sufficient to liberate hydrocarbons therefrom and the hydrocarbons can be collected from the permeable body. The vapor barrier layer can be a single or multiple layer construction, depending on the specific materials chosen.

Abstract: A method of recovering minerals from hydrocarbonaceous materials can include forming a constructed permeability control infrastructure. This constructed infrastructure defines a substantially encapsulated volume. A comminuted hydrocarbonaceous material can be introduced into the control infrastructure to form a permeable body of hydrocarbonaceous material. The permeable body can be contacted with an agent sufficient to remove minerals therefrom. The agent is typically a solution containing a solvent, leachant, chelating agent and the like via which minerals can be removed having value, toxic minerals, radioactive minerals and the like.

Abstract: A method of recovering hydrocarbons from hydrocarbonaceous materials can include forming a constructed permeability control infrastructure. This constructed infrastructure defines a substantially encapsulated volume. A mined hydrocarbonaceous material can be introduced into the control infrastructure to form a permeable body of hydrocarbonaceous material. The permeable body can be heated sufficient to remove hydrocarbons therefrom. Hydrocarbon products can be collected from intermediate locations within the permeable body. Advantageously, an intermediate fluid collection system can be used to draw a hydrocarbon product from the permeable body at preselected locations. Such intermediate collection can provide hydrocarbon product fractions which can reduce or eliminate the need for full-scale distillation of a hydrocarbon product having a full range of products such as that typically found in crude oil.

Abstract: A method of recovering hydrocarbons from hydrocarbonaceous materials can include forming a constructed permeability control infrastructure. This constructed infrastructure defines a substantially encapsulated volume. A comminuted hydrocarbonaceous material can be introduced into the control infrastructure to form a permeable body of hydrocarbonaceous material. The permeable body can be heated sufficient to remove hydrocarbons therefrom. During heating and removal of hydrocarbons and subsequent thereto a positive pressure can be maintained within the encapsulated volume by means of a non-oxidizing gas to expedite flushing of hydrocarbonaceous material, inhibit unwanted entry of oxygen into the encapsulated volume and remove recoverable hydrocarbons following the heating process.

Abstract: A concrete container including a concrete footing including a shear key; a concrete wall inserted in the shear key; a plurality of footing reinforcing members inserted in the concrete footing on a support side of the shear key and extending above the concrete footing; a plurality of wall reinforcing members inserted in the concrete wall on a support side of the concrete wall and extending diagonally towards the concrete footing; a poured concrete moment connection substantially covering the plurality of footing reinforcing members extending from the pre-cast concrete footing and the plurality of wall reinforcing members extending from the wall.

Abstract: A constructed permeability control infrastructure can include a permeability control impoundment defining a substantially encapsulated volume. A comminuted water-containing hydrocarbonaceous material can form a permeable body within the encapsulated volume. The impoundment includes a water vapor outlet for removing water vapor from the encapsulated volume. A heating device is also embedded within the permeable body to provide convective heating thereof. The permeable body can be heated sufficient to initially remove water therefrom as a water vapor. The water vapor can be removed from the infrastructure via the outlet which can be controlled or shut off when the permeable body is sufficiently dewatered. The dewatered permeable body can then be heated sufficient to remove hydrocarbons therefrom. During heating the hydrocarbonaceous material is substantially stationary as the constructed infrastructure is a fixed structure.

Abstract: A wet well apparatus, and installation method therefore, that includes a cylindrical body extending between a first end and a second end along a body axis defining an interior material holding volume and a base form closing the first end of the cylindrical body to define a base interior volume adjacent the interior material holding volume of the cylindrical body. The base form is configured to receive a flowable fill material in the base interior volume.

Abstract: A method of recovering hydrocarbons from hydrocarbonaceous materials can include forming a constructed permeability control infrastructure. This constructed infrastructure defines a substantially encapsulated volume. A comminuted hydrocarbonaceous material can be introduced into the control infrastructure to form a permeable body of hydrocarbonaceous material. The permeable body can be heated sufficient to remove hydrocarbons therefrom. During heating the hydrocarbonaceous material is substantially stationary as the constructed infrastructure is a fixed structure. Removed hydrocarbons can be collected for further processing, use in the process, and/or use as recovered.

Abstract: A window well assembly for buildings and the like include at least a first well unit and a second well unit each having opposite first and second flanges at opposite ends of a retaining wall of each unit for securing the well units to a sub-grade foundation of the building. Preferably, the assembly has a plurality of releasable spacer couplings that are mated and carried between well units when the assembly is in a stored state, and has indexing features that are mated and carried between well units when the assembly is in an assembled state.

Abstract: An above ground water storage device includes a plurality of modular walls coupled together in series to form a substantially continuous perimeter. Each of the plurality of modular walls includes a wall panel that is inclinable with respect to a horizontal orientation, and a support base that is coupled to a portion of the wall panel. A liner covers an internal side of the plurality of modular walls and an area encompassed by the continuous perimeter. At least one modular corner wall is positioned with the plurality of modular wall panels to form a corner in the substantially continuous perimeter. The at least one modular corner wall has an angled side with an angle corresponding to the inclined angle of an adjacent modular wall.

Abstract: Disclosed is a support frame unit for a swimming pool assembly, which stably withstands hydraulic pressure, transmitted from a wall of the swimming pool assembly.

Abstract: A wall and buttress construction for swimming pools in which deck support extensions can be secured to the top of the buttresses. The wall includes a plurality of panels having end flanges at the sides of the panels, and a double slotted peg is provided. One of the slots is shorter to receive a wedge when a peg is placed through two abutting panel end flanges, and the other slot being longer to accommodate a wedge when the peg is being used to join a brace as well as two abutting end flanges. The end flanges have elongated openings therethrough for receiving the pegs that are oriented diagonally, rather than either vertically or horizontally. The elongated openings, pegs and wedges are easily visible/accessible for inserting pegs as a result of the diagonal orientation.

Abstract: Disclosed is a barrier for protecting an object from encroaching elements. In one embodiment, the object is a utility pole and the barrier comprises an organic bentonite-based material and an outer boundary surface. The organic bentonite-based material may be formed substantially of sodium bentonite. The outer boundary surface may be an annular plastic sheet. Alternatively, the outer boundary surface may comprise the edges of a depression formed around the utility pole. The barrier may be disposed about any object that requires protection from encroaching elements, such as, but not limited to, fences, fence posts, poles, buildings, etc.

Abstract: A non-destructive form bracket assembly and method of using the same is provided including a bracket having a vertical supporting side and horizontal supporting side for maintaining a form vertically upright; an attachment device having a first and second foundation attachment portion. The attachment device is adapted for engaging a portion of said bracket for non-destructively affixing the bracket to a foundation. Adhesive is affixed to bottom surfaces of the first and second foundation attachment portions for adhering the attachment to the foundation. Additionally, a non-destructive form assembly utilized in tilt-up construction for a double-side pour process is provided comprising a form and a plurality of U-shaped single rail brackets installed on a bottom edge of the form in spaced intervals with pre-applied adhesive on the bottom of the brackets.

Abstract: A swimming pool structure comprises a plurality of buttress post assemblies spaced about the perimeter of the pool and servicing to support the pool wall. Each of the assemblies include a horizontal foot beam with a vertically oriented buttress post connected thereto by angle brackets. Laterally located beams and plates interconnect the sides of adjacent buttress post assemblies and the inner ends of opposing foot beams from opposite sides of the pool are directed under the floor of the pool and are secured together.

Abstract: A below ground wall anchoring and straightening device including a horizontally disposed elongate rod member and an earth anchor secured to one end of the rod member. An elongate wall brace plate is attached intermediate its ends to the other end of the rod member and a wall brace plate extends upright in its direction of elongation and this elongate plate is secured at its bottom end to a base portion of the wall structure to be straightened. The rod member includes a fastener for engaging the rod member and thereby pressing the elongate plate against the wall to anchor and straighten the wall.

Abstract: A swimming pool construction is of the type using metal fabricated walls and a plastics liner covering the walls and a rigid excavated pool base. The metal fabricated walls include spaced inner and outer panels defining therebetween a crawl space. The inner panels define the inner surface of the pool. The outer panels engage the surrounding soil. The panels are mounted on support members and rails supported on pairs of piles at spaced positions around the periphery of the pool. The panels are supported initially on bottom rails which are used as forms to cast a concrete layer therebetween. The panels are supported in spaced positions temporarily by a rigid arch form into which is cast a cast concrete arch allowing the rails and the arch form to be removed for re-use. The arch is cast integrally with a concrete floor which sits on supporting panels bridging the rails and resting on flat top supporting surfaces of the concrete piles.

Abstract: The invention provides a wall-retaining element, including a three-dimensional body having a bottom portion including a major base surface positionable upon the ground in spaced-apart relationship to a wall to be retained, such that the plane of the bottom portion traverses the plane of the wall; at least one major surface to be covered with soil for applying pressure to the element, and means for attaching one end of a tie rod or a cable to the element and for attaching its other end to the wall. The invention also provides a method for retaining a wall structure.

Abstract: An improved method of making a foundation for a wind turbine comprises: