Abstract: The present photosensitive resin composition 2 comprises a polyamic acid resin 4, a photosensitive agent, a dispersible compound 3 dispersible in the polyamic acid resin 4, and a solvent. The porous resin is obtained by removing the solvent from the photosensitive resin composition 2 to form a composition in which the dispersible compound 3 is dispersed in the polyamic acid resin 4, removing the dispersible compound to make the composition porous, and curing the porous photosensitive resin composition. The porous resin enables forming a fine circuit pattern and has a low dielectric constant and, when used as an insulating layer of a circuit board, brings about improved high frequency characteristics.

Abstract: A thermosetting composition comprising: at least one epoxy resin modified by at least one aromatic polyamine, said resin being formed from at least one polyepoxide containing at least two primary amine groups in its molecule, the mole ratio of the polyamine to the epoxide being such that each amine group corresponds to 1.6 to 2.6 epoxy groups; and at least one pore-forming agent or the degradation product or products of said pore-forming agent; acts to form an alveolar material that can be used in thermal or sound insulation, for example in the building, home or transport fields, and more particularly in the oil exploitation, hydrocarbon transport and refining fields.

Abstract: In the preparation of an improved adhesive composition, an epoxy-based prepolymer is obtained by the reaction of one or more epoxy resins with amino-terminated polyethers and/or carboxyl-terminated butadiene-nitrile rubbers. In one embodiment of the invention, both a solid epoxy resin and a liquid epoxy resin, each of which is a diglycidyl ether of a polyphenol such as bisphenol A, are used. The epoxy-based prepolymer is mixed with an acrylate-terminated urethane resin (preferably, one based on a polyol having a number average molecular weight of at least about 400) and a heat-activated latent curing agent to make an adhesive composition which can be pumpable at room temperature. Curable adhesives capable of expansion to about 100% with high impact resistance after curing may be obtained by inclusion of expanding agents such as expandable microspheres.

Abstract: A two-component foam-in-place structural material for producing a foamed product. The first component of the system includes an epoxy-based resin preferably formulated with a physical blowing agent particulate material. The physical blowing agent core is encapsulated within a shell or skin that will change state. The second component is an acid that is capable of initiating polymerization of the resin. A reactive mixture is achieved through the combination of the first and second components wherein heat from the exothermic reaction of the epoxy component caused by the acid in turn causes the thermoplastic shell having a solvent core to soften and increase in size due to gas pressure and change in state of the shell thereby foaming the reactive mixture.

Abstract: An activatable (e.g., heat expandable) material and articles incorporating the same is disclosed. The material includes an epoxy resin; an epoxy/elastomer hybrid or reaction product; a blowing agent; a curing agent; and optionally, a filler. In preferred embodiments, the material includes aramid fiber, nanoclay or both.

Abstract: Expandable thermosettable compositions containing at least one epoxy resin, at least one finely divided thermoplastic polymer powder, at least one blowing agent, at least one curing agent, and at least one filler are suitable for the production of thermosetting laminated bodies with a tacky surface. These laminated bodies can be produced and handled in a simple manner and are suitable for stiffening and reinforcing flat structural components, in particular vehicle body structural components, such as vehicle body frames, doors, trunk lids, engine hoods and/or roof components in automobile construction. The expandable thermosettable compositions are also suitable for the production of thermosetting, thermally expandable shaped articles for reinforcing hollow structural members by the injection molding process. In preferred embodiments, the composition is injected onto a metallic or thermoplastic carrier.

Abstract: A novel expandable composition and method for using the same are disclosed. The disclosed method relates to using the composition, for example, as an automotive cavity sealant. The inventive composition normally is a combination of at least one base polymer, at least one expansion or blowing agents, at least one hydrocarbon resin, at least one curing agent or catalyst and optionally at least one additives such as a supplemental polymer, colorant, tackifier, processing oil, among others.

Abstract: A method of making a thermally-removable adhesive is provided where a bismaleimide compound, a monomeric furan compound, containing an oxirane group an amine curative are mixed together at an elevated temperature of greater than approximately 90° C. to form a homogeneous solution, which, when cooled to less than approximately 70° C., simultaneously initiates a Diels-Alder reaction between the furan and the bismaleimide and a epoxy curing reaction between the amine curative and the oxirane group to form a thermally-removable adhesive. Subsequent heating to a temperature greater than approximately 100° C. causes the adhesive to melt and allows separation of adhered pieces.

Abstract: This invention relates to crosslinked polymer foam compositions of an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, an acid copolymer or ionomer, and a crosslinking agent. Such compositions exhibit enhanced melt strength, as well as lower density and compression set. They are especially useful as midsoles or insoles for footwear.

Abstract: A method of producing a foamed material comprises contacting a mixture comprising a first thermoplastic polymer and a second thermoplastic polymer with a blowing agent, wherein the first thermoplastic polymer has a higher percent crystallinity that the second thermoplastic polymer; and subjecting the mixture to conditions sufficient to create a thermodynamic instability in the blend foam the mixture, wherein the mixture comprising the first and second thermoplastic polymers has a percent crystallinity lower than the first thermoplastic polymer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods, materials, and products for forming a foamed product, comprising the steps of combining an epoxy-based component with an amine-based component. The epoxy component is cross-linked through a polymerization reaction catalyzed by the amine formulation. In this regard, a reactive mixture or exothermic reaction is created between the epoxy component and the amine component when combined. The heat generated by the exothermic reaction softens a thermoplastic shell of a blowing agent formulated within the epoxy component thereby enabling a solvent core within the thermoplastic shell of the blowing agent to expand from the heat generated by the exothermic reaction.

Abstract: The invention and formulation relates to methods, materials, and products for foam-in-place materials comprising a two-component foam-in-place structural material for producing a foamed product. A first component of the system includes an epoxy-based resin preferably formulated with a coated particles, such as a metal salt, a metal carbonate encapsulated within a wax, or a polymer, (e.g., Thermoset, thermoplastic, or mixture). The metal carbonate particle may be encapsulated within a wax, shell or skin that will change state to expose the core to chemically react for initiating the production of gas for blowing. The second component is an acid that is capable of initiating polymerization of the resin.

Abstract: Provided is a foamable composition adapted to form a cross-linked novolac-epoxy resin foam. The foamable composition is formulated from a composition comprising at least one novolac resin, at least one epoxy resin, and at least one blowing agent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods, materials, and products for forming a foamed product, comprising the steps of combining an epoxy-based component with an amine-based component. The epoxy component is cross-linked through a polymerization reaction catalyzed by the amine formulation. In this regard, a reactive mixture or exothermic reaction is created between the epoxy component and the amine component when combined. The heat generated by the exothermic reaction softens a thermoplastic shell of a blowing agent formulated within the epoxy component thereby enabling a solvent core within the thermoplastic shell of the blowing agent to expand from the heat generated by the exothermic reaction.

Abstract: Provided is a foamable composition adapted to form a cross-linked novolac-epoxy resin foam. The foamable composition is formulated from a composition comprising at least one novolac resin, at least one epoxy resin, and at least one blowing agent.

Abstract: A method for treating a fastening part made from an iron-based alloy comprising the steps of degreasing and blasting the part; coating the part with an epoxy resin undercoating; and applying another coating thereon as a finish coat. The epoxy resin undercoating comprises a mixture of a first composition comprising, in parts by weight, about 20-200 parts of a zinc dust, about 0.05-0.5 parts of a thermally expanding powder having micro capsules adapted to explode when heated to form voids in the coating, and provide limited porosity, and about 10 parts of a vehicle mainly composed of an epoxy resin and a second composition comprising, in parts by weight, about 0.2-2.5 parts of an epoxy type silane coupling agent and about 100 parts of the zinc dust.

Abstract: A foamed gypsum composition is provided. The composition may be used in making a crosslinked, foamed gypsum product. The composition is comprised of gypsum, foaming agents, epoxy resin, and a hardener. Optional ingredients would include one or more additives selected from the group consisting of inert fillers, aggregates, clay, sand, fibers, pigments, dyes, polymeric cement binder, plasticizers, superplasticizers, mineral wool, scrim, and freeze-prevent additives. Objects made from the composition include boards, interior walls, ceiling tiles, acoustical tiles, acoustical panels, roof decking, and flooring.

Abstract: The invention discloses methods for making foams by photopolymerizing emulsions comprising a reactive phase and a phase immiscible with the reactive phase components. Foams made from water-in-oil emulsions, including high internal phase emulsion are disclosed. Articles and uses for the foams are also described.

Abstract: Foamable compositions which exhibit reduced surface tack and better handling characteristics are obtained through the use of specific combinations of epoxy resins. One or more solid epoxy resins are utilized together with liquid and/or semi-solid epoxy resins. The compositions, which preferably contain hollow glass microspheres, are capable of providing foams which are useful in the manufacture of reinforced structural members.

Abstract: Heat-expandable molded synthetic resin seal and baffle components adapted for use in automobile body cavities or the like are provided which are designed to preferentially expand upon heating in desired directions and to a desired degree, in order to properly seal irregular or special cavity shapes. The molded components of the invention have selected body surface portions thereof UV crosslinked to a depth of up to about 0.5 mm, while other portions of the molded body are not crosslinked; upon heating, the crosslinked portions expand at a slower rate and to a lesser extent than non-crosslinked body portions. The preferred synthetic resin includes a grafted anhydride polymer, a terminal epoxide polymer additive, a blowing agent, a UV photoinitiator and a UV crosslinkable resin system.

Abstract: A polymer composition for powder foam molding which comprises (A) a polymer having an epoxy group, (B) a peroxide having a temperature for obtaining a half-life of 10 hours of 100° C. or higher, (C) at least one of quaternary ammonium salts and quaternary phosphonium salts, and (D) a thermally decomposable foaming agent. According to the present invention, the polymer composition for powder foam molding, excellent in storage stability, capable of crosslinking and foaming in a short time, capable of giving a foam having a small compression set, excellent surface texture and little skin lack of hiding, powder of the composition, a foam obtained from the composition, a method for producing the foam, and a molded article comprising the foam.

Abstract: This invention relates to crosslinked polymer foam compositions of an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, an ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer or ionomer, and a crosslinking agent. Such compositions exhibit enhanced melt strength, as well as lower density and compression set. They are especially useful as midsoles or insoles for footwear.

Abstract: Provided is a foamable composition adapted to form a cross-linked novolac-epoxy resin foam. The foamable composition is formulated from a composition comprising at least one novolac resin, at least one epoxy resin, and at least one blowing agent.

Abstract: A low-temperature foam compositions and that are produced from an epoxy compound and an acid source can be substantially free of polyurethane or isocyanate chemistry. The disclosed compositions and precursors thereof reduce, if not eliminate, the presence of conventional undesirable compounds and by-products thereof.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing syntactic foam is disclosed which includes the steps of combining a polymer, microspheres and a solvent to form a slurry. At least a portion of the solvent is removed through a porous wick, and conditions are applied which substantially solidify the polymer.

Abstract: A two part system for producing structural reinforcing adhesives is provided wherein one component containing epoxy resin is combined with a second component containing a specified curative system. An aliphatic polyamine, an amidoamine, an alcohol and an adduct of a polyamine and an epoxide are present in the curative system. When a thermally activated blowing agent is utilized, the resulting foam is remarkably uniform in cell structure and has improved strength and modulus. Hollow inorganic microspheres are employed to reduce the density of the thermoset produced from the two part system.

Abstract: A low-temperature foam compositions and that are produced from an epoxy compound and an acid source can be substantially free of polyurethane or isocyanate chemistry. The disclosed compositions and precursors thereof reduce, if not eliminate, the presence of conventional undesirable compounds and by-products thereof.

Abstract: A low-temperature foam compositions and that are produced from an epoxy compound and an acid source can be substantially free of polyurethane or isocyanate chemistry. The disclosed compositions and precursors thereof reduce, if not eliminate, the presence of conventional undesirable compounds and by-products thereof.

Abstract: Alveolar materials that comprise at least one thermoplastic polymer that is selected from the group that is formed by polyetherimides, polysulfones and polyphenylene-ethers, at least one epoxide resin that is modified by at least one aromatic polyamine and at least one pore-forming agent or the degradation product(s) of said pore-forming agent, their syntheses and their uses.

Abstract: Foam precursor materials are taught comprising an epoxy resin having an epoxy equivalents value of about 300-4000, a curing agent and a foaming agent. The foam precursor materials may be expanded and cured by heat to form foam materials that exhibit excellent rigidity. The resulting foam materials may have a compression strength of about 200-2000 Kgf and a density of about 0.20 to 0.40 grams per cubic centimeter.

Abstract: A low-temperature foam compositions and that are produced from an epoxy compound and an acid source can be substantially free of polyurethane or isocyanate chemistry. The disclosed compositions and precursors thereof reduce, if not eliminate, the presence of conventional undesirable compounds and by-products thereof.

Abstract: Expandable sealant and baffle compositions and methods of forming and using such compositions are provided wherein the compositions comprise a first thermoplastic resin, an epoxy resin, preferably a second thermoplastic resin different from the first thermoplastic resin, and optionally a compound selected from the group consisting of pigments, blowing agents, catalysts, curing agents, reinforcers, and mixtures thereof. The resulting compositions are formed as self-sustaining bodies which can be heat-expanded into a lightweight, high strength product for sealing hollow structural members of vehicles, substantially decreasing the noise which travels along the length of those members as well as strengthening those members with minimal increases in their weights. In a preferred embodiment, the first thermoplastic resin is an SBS block co-polymer, the epoxy resin is a bisphenol A-based liquid epoxy resin, the second thermoplastic resin is a polystyrene, and the reinforcer is hydrated amorphous silica.

Abstract: Foamable compositions based on epoxy resins which exhibit good shelf life are obtained through the use of specific blowing agent and curing accelerator systems. The blowing agent system contains azodicarbonamide, while the curative system contains an amine-epoxy adduct such as an imidazole-epoxy adduct. The compositions are capable of providing structural foams which are useful in the manufacture of reinforced structural members and the like.

Abstract: Expandable sealant and baffle compositions and methods of forming and using such compositions are provided wherein the compositions comprise a first thermoplastic resin, an epoxy resin, preferably a second thermoplastic resin different from the first thermoplastic resin, and optionally a compound selected from the group consisting of pigments, blowing agents, catalysts, curing agents, reinforcers, and mixtures thereof. The resulting compositions are formed as self-sustaining bodies which can be heat-expanded into a lightweight, high strength product for sealing hollow structural members of vehicles, substantially decreasing the noise which travels along the length of those members as well as strengthening those members with minimal increases in their weights. In a preferred embodiment, the first thermoplastic resin is an SBS block co-polymer, the epoxy resin is a bisphenol A-based liquid epoxy resin, the second thermoplastic resin is a polystyrene, and the reinforcer is hydrated amorphous silica.

Abstract: Polyester resin foamed sheet, usable for the production of containers for beverages and foods, having a density lower than 700 kg/m3 and crystallization rate such that, when the material is heated at 120° C. for 5 minutes, the crystallinity does not reach values higher than 15%. The aromatic polyester resin used for preparing the foamed sheet can be mixed with an aliphatic polyester resin to impart biodegradability and/or compostability to the sheet.

Abstract: Metal compounds of pseudohalogenides and their use as curing agents for epoxy compounds which curing agents can be produced by mixing the reactants in aqueous solution and are distinguished by a long processibility time at temperatures up to 100° C. as well as by very short curing times at temperatures in the range of 120 to 160° C.

Abstract: Foamable compositions which exhibit reduced surface tack and better handling characteristics are obtained through the use of specific combinations of epoxy resins. One or more solid epoxy resins are utilized together with liquid and/or semi-solid epoxy resins. The compositions, which preferably contain hollow glass microspheres, are capable of providing foams which are useful in the manufacture of reinforced structural members.

Abstract: A method of making a thermally-removable epoxy by mixing a bis(maleimide) compound to a monomeric furan compound containing an oxirane group to form a di-epoxy mixture and then adding a curing agent at temperatures from approximately room temperature to less than approximately 90° C. to form a thermally-removable epoxy. The thermally-removable epoxy can be easily removed within approximately an hour by heating to temperatures greater than approximately 90° C. in a polar solvent. The epoxy material can be used in protecting electronic components that may require subsequent removal of the solid material for component repair, modification or quality control.

Abstract: Foams comprising blends of thermoplastic and thermoset materials wherein the thermoset forms a discontinuous phase in a continuous thermoplastic phase are described. Foams comprising an uncured thermoset and unreacted radiation-activatable curing agent in a thermoplastic matrix are also described. Additionally described are batch and continuous methods for making the foams. Particular uses for the foams, such as flexographic mounting tapes, are also described.

Abstract: Heat-expandable molded synthetic resin seal and baffle components adapted for use in automobile body cavities or the like are provided which are designed to preferentially expand upon heating in desired directions and to a desired degree, in order to properly seal irregular or special cavity shapes. The molded components of the invention have selected body surface portions thereof UV crosslinked to a depth of up to about 0.5 mm, while other portions of the molded body are not crosslinked; upon heating, the crosslinked portions expand at a slower rate and to a lesser extent than non-crosslinked body portions. The preferred synthetic resin includes a grafted anhydride polymer, a terminal epoxide polymer additive, a blowing agent, a UV photoinitiator and a UV crosslinkable resin system.

Abstract: A syntactic foam composition is formed from a resin binder containing microspheres and minispheres and having a thermal conductivity less than 0.120 watts/meter° K.

Abstract: The present invention provides heat insulation compositions and methods. The compositions are basically comprised of an epoxide containing liquid, an insulating material and an epoxide hardening agent.

Abstract: An expansion temperature tolerant, dry, expandable sealant and baffle is provided which is capable of undergoing a desired degree of full expansion when an automobile body containing the sealant and baffle product is conveyed through a conventional bake and/or curing oven. The sealant and baffle product is fully expandable over a wider temperature and time range than heretofore available expandable baffle products. The composition for preparation of a molded expandable sealant and baffle component includes a grafted anhydride polymer, an epoxide terminated additive polymer which are capable of reacting with the grafted anhydride polymer and a blowing agent.

Abstract: A foamed elastomer is presented, manufactured from a foam precursor composition comprising at least one elastomer resin, preferably an ethylene-propylene-diene resin, at least one thermoset resin, preferably a melamine-formaldehyde resin, a curing agent, and a blowing agent. The elastomer composition optionally further includes cure activators, polymerization accelerators, and a filler material. An important feature of the present invention is that the foamed elastomer has a low density and a high modulus, making it particularly suitable as a shock absorber for a bicycle suspension apparatus.

Abstract: Titanates and zirconates bearing organic substituents can act as corrosion inhibitors when added to foamable compositions based on thermosettable synthetic resins such as epoxy resins. Combinations of organometallates containing certain specific types of substituents provide synergistic improvements in the properties of structural reinforcement foams obtained by heating and curing the foamable compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a foamed article having a foam density of less than 180 kg/m3 and an average cell diameter of less than 1.5 mm comprising the extrusion of a molten semi-crystalline thermoplastic resin composition in the presence of a foaming agent, with the semi-crystalline thermoplastic resin composition comprising a polymeric epoxide containing at least two epoxide groups being a copolymer of a monomer mixture comprising at least one C10 to C18-olefin and at least one ethylenically unsaturated compound comprising an epoxide group. The process results in the preparation of foamed articles having a regular and homogeneous structure. Another advantage of the present invention is that it is not necessary anymore to add a compound of Group Ia, IIa, or IIIa of the Periodic Table, such as LiCl, to the extrusion process.

Abstract: An expansion temperature tolerant, dry, expandable sealant and baffle is provided which is capable of undergoing a desired degree of full expansion when an automobile body containing the sealant and baffle product is conveyed through a conventional bake and/or curing oven. The sealant and baffle product is fully expandable over a wider temperature and time range than heretofore available expandable baffle products. The composition for preparation of a molded expandable sealant and baffle component includes a grafted anhydride polymer, an epoxide terminated additive polymer which are capable of reacting with the grafted anhydride polymer and a blowing agent.

Abstract: 1. A reactive resin composition, which is a fusible, solid optionally foamable, heat curable, epoxy functional reaction prouct with a Kofler Heat Bank melting point of not less than 55.degree. C., formed by mixing together(A) epoxy resins of epoxy group containing compounds(B) an amine solidifying system present in insufficient quantities to cause gelation after all the amino hydrogen atoms are consumed by epoxy groups, under the reaction conditions chosen for (A) and (B), and which yields a product with a Kofler Heat Bank melting point of greater than 55.degree. C. and less than 120.degree. C.

Abstract: Titanates and zirconates bearing organic substituents can act as corrosion inhibitors when added to foamable compositions based on thermosettable synthetic resins such as epoxy resins. Combinations of organometallates containing certain specific types of substituents provide synergistic improvements in the properties of structural reinforcement foams obtained by heating and curing the foamable compositions.

Abstract: Disclosed is an epoxy resin type composition for stiffening a vehicle body. The epoxy resin type composition comprises an epoxy resin, a powdery methacrylate type polymer in an amount of 2 to 45 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the epoxy resin, a thermally active hardening agent for epoxy resin in an amount of 1 to 20 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the epoxy resin, a thermally decomposable foaming agent in an amount of 0.5 to 20 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the epoxy resin, and a mixture of an inorganic salt with a shape of a predetermined aspect ratio and a granular inorganic salt in an amount of 50 to 200 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the epoxy resin. A mixing ratio of the granular inorganic salt is 0 to 50% by weight relative to the total amount of the mixture. Also disclosed is a method for stiffening a vehicle body by use of such a composition.