Abstract: A fast molding foamable composition comprising a terpolymer of ethylene, 10 to 40 percent by weight of a softening monomer and 1.0 to 20 percent by weight carbon monoxide, a free radical crosslinking agent and a chemical blowing agent.

Abstract: Copolyimide foams derived from a diester of 3,3',4,4'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic acid, an aromatic diamine, and a heterocyclic diamine. A molar concentration of the heterocyclic diamine approaching but not exceeding 0.42 is employed. This results in a flexible foam with a homogeneous cellular structure and a reduced compression set loss.

Abstract: Copolymers having a backbone of alternating polymer blocks and phosphorus units and their method of production are disclosed. These alternating copolymers exhibit excellent fire retardancy.

Abstract: A mixture for the preparation of novel cross-linked nitrogen-containing polyadducts, which contains(a) a N-cyanolactam of the formula I or II ##STR1## and (b) a monomeric or oligomeric organic compound having not less than 2 C atoms and not less than 2 hydroxyl groups.The mixture, with or without addition of a monohydroxy compound, can be used as a casting resin or adhesive, or for the production of foams or coatings.The symbols in the formula are all as defined in claim 1.

Abstract: High density structural ("blocking") materials composed of a polyimide filled with glass microballoons. Structural components such as panels which have integral edgings and/or other parts made of the high density materials.

Abstract: High density structural ("blocking") materials composed of a polyimide filled with glass microballoons and methods for making such materials. Structural components such as panels which have integral edgings and/or other parts made of the high density materials.

Abstract: High density structural ("blocking") materials composed of a polyimide filled with glass microballoons. Structural components such as panels which have integral edgings and/or other parts made of the high density materials.

Abstract: Methods of converting essentially unpolymerized precursors into polyimides in which the precursors are exposed to microwave radiation. Preheating, thermal post-curing, and other techniques may be employed to promote the development of optimum properties; and reinforcements can be employed to impart strength and rigidity to the final product. Also disclosed are processes for making various composite artifacts in which non-polymeric precursors are converted to polyimides by using the techniques described above.

Abstract: Copolyimide foams derived from a diester of 3,3',4,4'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic acid, an aromatic diamine, and a heterocyclic diamine. A molar concentration of the heterocyclic diamine approaching but not exceeding 0.42 is employed. This results in a flexible foam with a homogeneous cellular structure and a reduced compression set loss.

Abstract: For forming synthetic cellular materials, gas is generated by the reaction of an isocyanate and a hydroperioxide. The reactants produce a novel polymeric amine oxide foam. When the reactants are introduced to a base resin, cellular foam products (densities throughout the 50 to 2 lbs/ft.sup.3 range), extended resin products of even higher densities, and non-shrink resinous solids (with microcellular distribution of gas) can be obtained. When employed in resins curable with hydroperoxide, a small fraction of the hydroperoxide interacts with a promoter and serves to cure the resin while the larger fraction reacts earlier with the isocyanate to evolve gas before the gellation state of the base resin is reached. The foaming agent can be made commercially available as a premixture of isocyanate and appropriate surfactant for the hydroperoxide reaction. By mixing with low hydroxyl and carboxyl base resin, long pot life is obtainable.

Abstract: Copolyimide foams derived from a diester of 3,3',4,4'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic acid, an aromatic diamine, and a heterocyclic diamine. A molar concentration of the heterocyclic diamine approaching but not exceeding 0.42 is employed. This results in a flexible foam with a homogeneous cellular structure and a reduced compression set loss.

Abstract: High density structural ("blocking") materials composed of a polyimide filled with glass microballoons. Structural components such as panels which have integral edgings and/or other parts made of the high density materials.

Abstract: A foamable thermoplastic injection moldable composition comprising in admixture (a) a polyester resin, (b) a filler selected from the group consisting of fibrous glass or a mineral or mixtures thereof in an amount of from about 5 to about 50 weight percent, and (c) a minor amount of foaming agent.

Abstract: Terpolyimides prepared from tetracarboxylic acid esters and combinations of heterocyclic, aromatic, and aliphatic diamines and artifacts composed of those terpolymers. Precursors, and methods of converting them to the corresponding terpolymers.

Abstract: Foamable blends are provided of high performance thermoplastic polymers such as polyphenylene oxides, polystyrenes, etc., and an effective amount of a first blowing agent which is an amide derivative of azodicarboxylic acid and a second blowing agent which is a dihydrooxadiazinone.

Abstract: Copolymide foams derived from a diester of 3,3',4,4'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic acid, an aromatic diamine, and a heterocyclic diamine. A molar concentration of the heterocyclic diamine approaching but not exceeding 0.42 is employed. This results in a flexible foam with a homogeneous cellular structure and a reduced compression set loss.

Abstract: Masterbatches useful for lightweight polyamide molding or extrusion comprise polyamide, a pore-forming agent and a fusible binder that is compatible with the polyamide. Admixture of the masterbatch and granular polyamide polymer results in a polyamide composition which can be molded or extruded into a product having increased homogeneity and expansion uniformity.

Abstract: Closed cell polyimide foams. Methods of making such foams from precursors derived from a benzophenonetetracarboxylic acid diester and a mixture of diamines in which the precursor is molded to shape and cured, hydrated, and heated until a porous, closed cell structure develops.

Abstract: Terpolyimides prepared from tetracarboxylic acid esters and combinations of heterocyclic, aromatic, and aliphatic diamines and artifacts composed of those terpolymers. Precursors, and methods of converting them to the corresponding terpolymers.

Abstract: Terpolyimides prepared from tetracarboxylic acid esters and combinations of heterocyclic, aromatic, and aliphatic diamines and artifacts composed of those terpolymers. Precursors, and methods of converting them to the corresponding terpolymers.

Abstract: Terpolyimides prepared from tetracarboxylic acid esters and combinations of heterocyclic, aromatic, and aliphatic diamines and artifacts composed of those terpolymers. Precursors, and methods of converting them to the corresponding terpolymers.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of polysulfone foam using methylene chloride as a blowing agent. A pressurized combination of heat-plastified foamable gel of polysulfone containing methylene chloride as a blowing agent is extruded into a zone of lower pressure through an orifice of a die. As the gel expands into a foam, it forms a product of decreased density, increased resiliency and flexibility, and improved insulation properties over conventional polysulfone foam.

Abstract: Novel imido copolymers, useful for the production of a variety of shaped articles, e.g., by molding, are prepared by reacting an oligoimide with an aromatic compound bearing labile hydrogen atom(s) on the nucleus thereof, or by co-reacting such oligoimide and aromatic compound with a polyamine.

Abstract: A process for foaming thermoplastic materials by adding to the plastics material 0.05 to 5 percent by weight of a dioxazolone of the formula I ##STR1## in which n is 1, 2 or 3, and when n is 1R is C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.12 -alkenyl, C.sub.7 -C.sub.9 -aralkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -cycloalkyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 -aryl, or phenyl substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.9 -alkyl, halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.9 -alkoxy or nitro, or it is a heterocyclic radical, or when n is 2R is C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkylene, ethenylene, m- or p-phenylene, m- or p-halophenylene, biphenylene, oxy-bis-(p-phenylene), 2,5-thienylene, 2,5-furylene, 2,6-pyridylene or naphthylene, or when n is 3R is phenenyl,and subsequently heating the mixture.

Abstract: Substituted, linear phosphazene prepolymers and processes for their preparation are disclosed. These prepolymers are liquid at ambient temperatures and can be conveniently cured and/or foamed without the use of external heat.

Abstract: Highly useful novel microcellular polymeric structures, especially films and fibers, are prepared from certain solid polymers. Aromatic polysulfones, polyimides, polyhydantoins, polyamides and polyparabanic acid are the preferred ones for the novel structures of the invention.

Abstract: Method of foaming thermoplastic polymeric materials using as blowing agents polycyclic fused ring heterocycles containing the tetrazole moiety.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing copolyester-carbonates by direct polymerization of a dihydric phenol and an acid dichloride at a single pH profile level.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing copolyester-carbonates employing diacid chlorides and following a pH processing profile. The copolyester-carbonates produced exhibit physical properties similar to those of high molecular weight aromatic polycarbonates.

Abstract: Allyl halide-halohydrinamine copolymers may be produced by mixing an allyl halide and an amine compound with an oxidated silicon compound and then by adding a halohydrin while agitating for 10 to 60 minutes.

Abstract: Blowing agents comprising urea dicarboxylic acid anhydride do not give rise to discoloring decomposition residues nor form acid or alkaline by-products. These blowing agents may be used for expanding thermoplastic resins.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for expanding thermoplastic polymer compositions, notably those containing polymers having processing temperatures in excess of 200.degree. C. and/or containing an ingredient which is susceptible to ammonia, characterized in that as the blowing agent certain carbonates (notably zinc carbonate) are used. Preferably a nucleating agent and a weak acid are present to aid cell formation.The invention also includes expandable polymer compositions and blowing agent formulations containing the carbonates.

Abstract: Novel blowing agents are disclosed comprising 3,3'-carbonylbis(organo carbazates). The organo group may be alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl moieties. In the preferred embodiment the organo group is an alkyl group selected from the group consisting of methyl, isopropyl, secondary butyl or tertiary butyl. The blowing agents find utility in the preparation of expanded organoplastic materials such as rubbers, thermosetting resins and thermoplastic resins.

Abstract: The method of production of chemically set compositions which show no shrinkage or which increase their volume during setting finding their application in building engineering, electrotechnical engineering and other fields of technology, consists in adding a special expanding system to a composition comprising synthetic resins or elastomers. Said system consists of an expanding agent, an expansion promoter, and if need be an expansion moderator, and sodium and/or potassium and/or magnesium fluosilicate. As the expanding agent substances are used having a porous structure and sorption properties, as for instance aluminosilicates, and as the expansion promoter substances are used having a polar structure and a critical diameter of the molecule smaller than that of the pores of the expanding agent, as for instance alcohols.

Abstract: Aromatic sulfonic acid hydrazides and semicarbazides having a sterically hindered phenol group are usable as blowing agents in the manufacture of foamed plastics articles. On heating to about 200 to 300.degree. C. they are splitting off nitrogen and the residue remaining in the foam acts as stabilizer against thermo-oxidative degradation of the plastic material.

Abstract: A process for producing a continuous foam sheet of a synthetic resin having a polyolefin base which comprises admixing an organic peroxide, a blowing agent, and a pore regulator with the synthetic resin, finely distributing said peroxide, blowing agent and pore regulator within said resin at a temperature below the decomposition temperature of the peroxide and the blowing agent in the thermoplastic range, shaping the resulting admixture into a sheet or panel and thereafter effecting thermal crosslinking and foaming of the resin. The pore regulator comprises an oligomeric and/or polymeric saturated dicarboxylic acid ester or a mixture of such esters having average molecular weights of from between 500 and 40,000, and flow points and/or melting ranges that are below the decomposition temperature of the peroxide and of the blowing agent.

Abstract: Tris-tetrazoles of formula I, ##STR1## wherein A is alkylene and R is hydrogen, alkyl or phenyl, are suitable blowing agents for thermoplastic resins, especially for polycarbonates and aromatic polyethers. The foaming process can be carried out at a temperature range of 230.degree. to 300.degree. C., the resulting foamed articles have a fine and homogeneous cellular structure.The tris-tetrazoles I can be synthesized from the corresponding tris-nitriles or tris-imidchlorides by reaction with an alkali azide.

Abstract: A low density, flame-resistant foamed composition is formed by heating a thorough mixture of branched polyphenylene and an inorganic fiber to above about 800.degree. F.

Abstract: Bis-tetrazoles wherein the two tetrazole rings are bridged by a direct bond or a divalent organic residue in 5,5'-position or in 1,1'-position have been found to be suitable as blowing agents for thermoplastic resins. They decompose at temperatures of about 230 to 300.degree. C. and therefore can be used for the expansion of resins which are processed at such temperatures, for instance polypropylene, polycarbonates, polyphenyleneoxides or polyamides. Preferred are bis-tetrazoles bridges by aliphatic or araliphatic residues. The expansion can be carried out in an extruder or an injection moulding device.

Abstract: A novel process has been developed for the molecular-weight modification of polyphosphazenes. Poly(aryloxyphosphazenes) are thermally treated in an inert atmosphere or vacuum at temperatures from 100.degree. C. to 300.degree. C. so as to yield materials having reduced molecular weights, improved processability, and enhanced thermal stability.

Abstract: Improved polyfuran foams are prepared by polymerizing or copolymerizing furfuryl alcohol, alone or in combination with prepolymers or precopolymers of furfuryl alcohol, as liquid feed material in the presence of a liquid acidic compound, the liquid feed material containing at least 20% of free furfuryl alcohol and wherein at least 50% of the hydroxyl groups in the mixture are present as free furfuryl alcohol. The liquid acidic compound or mixture of acidic compounds having a pKa value in water of from 1 to 4 or having a pka value in water of less than 1 and being uniformly distributed in mono alcohols that do not polymerize in the presence of said acidic compound or mixture of acidic compounds. The polyfuran foam having non-flammability characteristics as determined by the muffle furance test.

Abstract: A process for preparing linear polycarbonates containing terminal hydroxyl groups with the essential exclusion of other terminal groups by reacting glycols having a carbon number > 4 and cyclic esters of carbonic acid via ester interchange reaction at 100-300.degree. C and 0.1 - 300 mm Hg.

Abstract: A black sorbent thermoset foam which has been prepared by the pyrolysis of a composition comprising at least one aromatic nitrogen-containing compound having the general formula:X -- Ar -- Yin which Ar represents an aromatic nucleus on which X and Y are substituents directly attached to the nucleus, X represents a substituent having a negative Hammett sigma constant and attached to the aromatic nucleus by a nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur atom, and Y represents a substituent having a positive Hammett sigma constant and attached to the aromatic nucleus by a nitrogen atom, the substituents X and/or Y optionally forming part of a ring fused onto the aromatic nucleus, in an effective sorbtive substance for polar molecules and materials.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the catalytically-induced preparation of phosphazene polymers. Cyclic halophosphazenes are polymerized in the presence of a catalytically sufficient amount of a compound having the formula M(OR').sub.x where M is an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, x is equal to the valence of the metal and R' is C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 linear or branched alkyl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 substituted linear or branched alkyl, the substituent selected from the group consisting of nitro, C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 alkyl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 alkoxy, C.sub.6 to C.sub.10 aryl and C.sub.6 to C.sub.10 aryloxy, or N.sub.3 P.sub.3 Cl.sub.z (OR').sub.6-z wherein R' is as defined above and z equals 0 to 5.

Abstract: Flame-retardant and low-smoke plasticized polyphosphazenes are disclosed. The plasticizers are substituted cyclotriphosphazenes and cyclotetraphosphazenes.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the catalytically-induced preparation of phosphazene polymers. Cyclic halophosphazenes are polymerized in the presence of a catalytically sufficient amount of a Lewis acid catalyst.

Abstract: Polymers comprising randomly repeating units of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is linear or branched C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkoxy, R.sub.2 is linear or branched C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl, hydrogen or halogen, and W is C.sub.2 to C.sub.10 alkenyl-substituted aryloxy. These novel polymers are elastomers and may be used to form flexible and semirigid foams and coatings. They display good fire retardance and low smoke levels.

Abstract: Resilient polyester foam materials. Acyl halide, polyol, and polyhydroxy cross-linking agent are reacted in the presence of alkali metal carbonate to prepare the resilient polyester foams. A process similar to that used in the one-shot preparation of polyurethane foams is used. Preferred reactants are adipyl chloride, quadrafunctional polyol based on pentaerythritol, propoxylated pentaerythritol cross-linking agent, and sodium carbonate. The resilient polyester foams find use in products such as catamenial tampons.

Abstract: Flame-retardant and low-smoke plasticized polyphosphazenes are disclosed. The plasticizers are substituted cyclotriphosphazenes and cyclotetraphosphazenes.

Abstract: Novel blowing agents are disclosed comprising 3,3'-carbonylbis(organo carbazates). The organo group may be alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl moieties. In the preferred embodiment the organo group is an alkyl group selected from the group consisting of methyl, isopropyl, secondary butyl or tertiary butyl. The blowing agents find utility in the preparation of expanded organoplastic materials such as rubbers, thermosetting resins and thermoplastic resins.