Abstract: Foam wall structures and methods for making them are described. The wall structures include a frame, a foam panel overlying a front surface of the frame, and a polyurethane foam layer disposed in a cavity of the wall structure. The polyurethane foam layer has a density, as determined by ASTM D1622-14, of at least 44 kg/m3(2.75 lb/ft3) and exhibits ASTM E84-16 Class A flame spread and smoke development characteristics. The polyurethane foam layer is the cured reaction product of a polyurethane foam-forming composition that includes a polyisocyanate, an aromatic polyester polyol having a functionality of greater than 2.5 and an OH number of at least 300 mg KOH/g, which is present in an amount of at least 50% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyurethane foam-forming composition less the weight of the polyisocyanate, a catalyst, and a blowing agent composition. The blowing agent composition includes water and a hydrofluoroolefin.

Abstract: The invention relates to aqueous dispersions containing agents having release activity, emulsifiers and customary auxiliaries and additives, wherein a combination of A) at least one agent having a release activity, selected from the group consisting of soaps, oils, waxes and silicones, and B) polyesters is used as agents having release activity.

Abstract: Process to manufacture a composite foam including at least two foams with cellular structure, at least one of them being a latex foam. The present process avails itself of the steps of preparing separately the forming mixtures of the foams of cellular structure; mixing independently the one from the other forming mixtures; foaming separately each of the forming mixture; sending separately the foams obtained into a single mixing installation; mixing the foams until to manufacture the composite foam. Preferably the composite foam is deposited on a laying surface to form rest articles for example mattresses provided with recesses.

Abstract: Process for preparing a composition by reacting a polyisocyanate, a monoalkoxy polyoxyalkylene monoamine and water. The composition and its use in making cellular products are claimed as well.

Abstract: A porous polymer blend, and a method of producing a porous polymer blend from at least two immiscible polymers. The at least two immiscible polymer being blended together and exhibiting the absence of complete phase separation. The method of producing a porous polymer blend comprising: forming a liquid composition comprising at least two immiscible polymers dissolved in a common solvent; subjecting the liquid composition to a reduction in temperature to cause at least two immiscible polymers to phase separate into a common polymer rich phase and a common polymer poor phase; solidifying the at least two immiscible polymers in the common polymer rich phase so as to avoid complete phase separation of the at least two immiscible polymers; and removing the common polymer pore phase to provide a blend of the at least two immiscible polymers having a porous morphology.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is polyurethane materials with a high water content and with an elastomeric or cellular character for wide application fields and also a method for the production thereof.

Abstract: The invention provides aqueous preparations having soft-feel properties, foams obtainable by mechanically foaming these preparations, and soft-feel coatings based on the foams. The preparations comprise aqueous polyurethane-polyurea dispersions, hydroxy-functional, aqueous or water-dilutable binders, polyisocyanates which may have been hydrophilically modified, and foam stabilizers.

Abstract: A biodegradable polyurethane scaffold that includes a HDI trimer polyisocyanate and at least one polyol; wherein the density of said scaffold is from about 50 to about 250 kg m-3 and the porosity of the scaffold is greater than about 70 (vol %) and at least 50% of the pores are interconnected with another pore. The scaffolds of the present invention are injectable as polyurethane foams, and are useful in the field of tissue engineering.

Abstract: The invention relates generally to a stable flexible latex foam. The latex foam will contain at least one polymer having a plurality of hard domains and a plurality of soft domains, a micelle forming agent, a hydrocarbon propellant substantially free of dimethyl ether, and an agent which is a solvent for said micelle forming agent and an emulsifier for said hydrocarbon propellant.

Abstract: A coating composition for fabrics includes wetted microspheres containing a phase change material dispersed throughout a polymer binder, a surfactant, a dispersant, an antifoam agent and a thickener. Preferred phase change materials include paraffinic hydrocarbons. The microspheres may be microencapsulated. To prepare the coating composition, microspheres containing phase change material are wetted and dispersed in a dispersion in a water solution containing a surfactant, a dispersant, an antifoam agent and a polymer mixture. The coating is then applied to a fabric. In an alternative embodiment, an extensible fabric is coated with an extensible binder containing microencapsulated phase change material to form an extensible, coated fabric. The coated fabric is optionally flocked. The coated fabrics are manufactured using transfer techniques.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of forming a polyurethane foam suitable for use as a wound-contacting layer, said method comprising: mixing 1 part by weight of an isocyanate-capped prepolymer having from 0.5 to 4.8 meq. NCO groups/g with from 0.4 to 1.0 parts by weight of water and an effective amount of a nonvolatile pharmaceutically acceptable acid to form a prepolymer mixture; allowing said prepolymer mixture to cure to form a foamed product; followed by drying the foamed product. The invention also provides acidified polyurethane foams obtainable by this method, and wound dressings comprising such foams.

Abstract: A conductive quasi-solution useful for making a homogeneously conductive single-phase polyurethane, comprising a transition metal salt, a carrier solution, and a dispersing agent, wherein said conductive quasi-solution has a transition metal salt concentration between 10 and 30% by weight, and methods of making thermoset and thermoplastic polyurethane polymers therewith.

Abstract: Stable foam caulk, sealant and insulation compositions are disclosed. The compositions comprise solid, waxy non-ionic lipophilic surfactants having low HLB values. These surfactants, upon foamed dispensing of the composition, provide stable support for bubbles formed from drying of a latex emulsion of a film forming polymer and a volatile liquid hydrocarbon propellant. In addition to use in caulking, sealant or insulation methods, the composition can be used to form artificial terrains and other hardenable structural surfaces as backgrounds or support means for hobbies, crafts, and the like.

Abstract: The present invention is a low density polyurethane foam cushion useful as an attached carpet cushion or as a detached carpet underlay. The low density foams of the present invention are prepared by a process wherein a polyurethane foam formulation is blown by both mechanical and chemical processes.

Abstract: A wound dressing has a wound-contact layer formed from a polyurethane foam. The foam comprises one part by weight of the reaction product of an isocyanate-capped prepolymer with water (and optionally other hydroxy-functional compounds), and from 0.03 to 0.3 parts by weight of a natural or synthetic rubber. The isocyanate-capped prepolymer is preferably an isocyanate-capped ethyleneoxy/propyleneoxy copolymer, and the rubber is preferably an acrylic rubber.

Abstract: Stable foam caulk, sealant and insulation compositions are disclosed. The compositions comprise solid, waxy non-ionic lipophilic surfactants having low HLB values. These surfactants, upon foamed dispensing of the composition, provide stable support for bubbles formed from drying of a latex emulsion of a film forming polymer and a volatile liquid hydrocarbon propellant. In addition to use in caulking, sealant or insulation methods, the composition can be used to form artificial terrains and other hardenable structural surfaces as backgrounds or support means for hobbies, crafts, and the like.

Abstract: A coating composition for fabrics includes wetted microspheres containing a phase change material dispersed throughout a polymer binder, a surfactant, a dispersant, an antifoam agent and a thickener. Preferred phase change materials include paraffinic hydrocarbons. The microspheres may be microencapsulated. To prepare the coating composition, microspheres containing phase change material are wetted and dispersed in a dispersion in a water solution containing a surfactant, a dispersant, an antifoam agent and a polymer mixture. The coating is then applied to a fabric.

Abstract: A conductive quasi-solution useful for making a homogeneously conductive single-phase polyurethane, comprising a transition metal salt, a carrier solution, and a dispersing agent, wherein said conductive quasi-solution has a transition metal salt concentration between 10 and 30% by weight, and methods of making thermoset and thermoplastic polyurethane polymers therewith.

Abstract: A conductive quasi-solution useful for making a homogeneously conductive single-phase polyurethane, comprising a transition metal salt, a carrier solution, and a dispersing agent, wherein said conductive quasi-solution has a transition metal salt concentration between 10 and 30% by weight, and methods of making thermoset and thermoplastic polyurethane polymers therewith.

Abstract: A method for the production of polyurethane elastomers by reacting an isocyanate epolymer having an isocyanate content of from 5 to 10% by weight which is the reaction product of an excessive amount of a polyisocyanate containing at least 85% by weight of 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate or a variant thereof and a polyether polyol having an average nominal hydroxyl functionality of from 2 to 4, an average hydroxyl equivalent weight of from 500 to 3000, and an oxyethylene content of from 50 to 85% by weight, with an aqueous latex to form a foam, and compressing said foam.

Abstract: A water-absorbent resin dispersion comprising a water-absorbent resin (B) or a hydrous gel thereof dispersed in a liquid or heat-meltable organic active-hydrogen compound (A), wherein said resin (B) is formed by the polymerization of a water-soluble monomer or its precursor and a cross-linker and/or a polysaccharide in the compound (A); and a process for producing a polyurethane resin by the reaction of the dispersion with an organic polyisocyanate compound. As the polyurethane resin is excellent in the capacity and rate of absorption, it is useful as absorbent articles such as paper diaper and sanitary goods, humidity modifiers, cutoff material, and so forth.

Abstract: A conductive quasi-solution useful for making a homogeneously conductive single-phase polyurethane, comprising a transition metal salt, a carrier solution, and a dispersing agent, wherein said conductive quasi-solution has a transition metal salt concentration between 10 and 30% by weight, and methods of making thermoset and thermoplastic polyurethane polymers therewith.

Abstract: Infrared absorbing compositions useful as high solid coatings comprising 5-50% of a volatile solvent portion and 50-95% of a non-volatile portion which comprises a film-forming binder having dispersed within the binder opacifying polymeric beads and an infrared radiation absorbing pigment selected from the group consisting of copper phosphate, basic copper phosphate, copper pyrophosphate, tungsten trioxide and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Coating agents are described, that are suitable for the production of pigmented or transparent top coatings, based on hydroxy-functional (meth)acrylic copolymers, aliphatic and/or cycloaliphatic polyisocyanates, solvents, and customary lacquer additives and pigments. They are free from epoxy resins and nitrocellulose and contain as binderA) one or more (meth)acrylic copolymers, containing hydroxyl groups, froma1) 47-53 wt % of one or more aromatic vinyl compounds,a2) 28-33 wt % of one or more hydroxyalkyl methacrylates,a3) 14-19 wt % of one or more alkyl (meth)acrylates, anda4) 0.5-2 wt % acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid,with a hydroxyl number of 120-160 mg KOH/g, an acid number of 5 to 15 mg KOH/g, a weight-average molecular weight of 10,000 to 20,000 and a glass transition temperature of +40.degree. C. to +60.degree. C., andB) an aliphatic and/or cycloaliphatic polyisocyanate or a mixture of such polyisocyanates in such an amount that 0.5 to 2.

Abstract: A conductive quasi-solution useful for making a homogeneously conductive single-phase polyurethane, comprising a transition metal salt, a carrier solution, and a dispersing agent, wherein said conductive quasi-solution has a transition metal salt concentration between 10 and 30% by weight, and methods of making thermoset and thermoplastic polyurethane polymers therewith.

Abstract: A flexible open-cell polyurethane is described that is the reaction product of a mixture comprising(a) a polyisocyanate component comprising monomeric or polymeric MDI, and(b) a polyol component having at least 50% of its 0H functional groups as secondary OH groups.

Abstract: A condensed resin dispersion having fine particles of a condensed resin dispersed stably in a polyether polyol (c), the condensed resin being a reaction product of an aldehyde and a compound condensable with the aldehyde, or of their precondensate, wherein the fine particles of the condensed resin are fine condensed resin particles formed by the reaction and precipitation conducted in an isocyanate-modified polyether (b) obtained by reacting an organic polyisocyanate to a polyether (a) having at least one active hydrogen group reactive with an isocyanate group, or to such a polyether (a) and a low molecular weight active hydrogen-containing compound having at least one active hydrogen group, and having substantially no free isocyanate group.

Abstract: A condensed resin dispersion having fine particles of a condensed resin dispersed stably in a polyether polyol (c), the condensed resin being a reaction product of an aldehyde and a compound condensable with the aldehyde, or of their precondensate, wherein the fine particles of the condensed resin are fine condensed resin particles formed by the reaction and precipitation conducted in an isocyanate-modified polyether (b) obtained by reacting an organic polyisocyanate to a polyether (a) having at least one active hydrogen group reactive with an isocyanate group, or to such a polyether (a) and a low molecular weight active hydrogen-containing compound having at least one active hydrogen group, and having substantially no free isocyanate group.

Abstract: A method for preparing graft polymer dispersions having broad particle size distribution without wildly fluctuating viscosities is disclosed. The method comprises:(a) preparing intermediate graft polyol dispersions containing 30 percent by weight or less solids to achieve a broad distribution of partial sizes in a continuous process and(b) charging the intermediate graft polymer dispersion of (a) to a semi-batch reactor as seeds for further grafting to increase the solids content of the dispersion to above 30 percent by weight. The graft polymer so formed is useful in the production of polyurethanes.

Abstract: The flame retardance of polyurethane foams is improved by dispersing in a polyol used to make the urethane foam a finely divided resin composition composed of 60-85 wt % of an aminoplast resin filled with 40 to 15 wt % of an aminoplast resin filled with 40 to 15 wt % of cellulose fiber.

Abstract: Flexible polyurethane foams having bulk densities within the range of from 15 to 60 kg/cm.sup.3 and a load bearing capacity, under a compression rate of 40%, higher than 50 N, obtained by the reaction of a modified polyisocyanate with a compound containing activated hydrogen atoms in chain-end position, and wherein agents different from chloro-fluoroalkanes are used as the foaming agent.

Abstract: Flame retardant additive compositions for flexible polyurethane foam comprise pentabromodiphenyl ether and non-mutagenic halogenated alkyl phosphate ester mixtures of the formula: ##STR1##

Abstract: Fluid polymer/polyol dispersions are prepared from novel polyether polyols.

Abstract: Microcapsules, and especially suspensions of microencapsulated colorants well adapted for the manufacture of carbonless papers, are produced by emulsifying a hydrophobic organic fluid which includes an aliphatic diisocyanate and an isocyanurate ring trimer of an aliphatic diisocyanate, and optionally a dissolved organic material, in an essentially aqueous liquid containing a protective colloid, a surfactant, or both, wherein the weight ratio of aliphatic diisocyanate/trimer ranges from 0.05/l to 0.70/l and the surface tension between the aqueous phase and the hydrophobic organic phase ranges from 0 to 20 mN/m, and then forming microcapsules by interfacially reacting a polyamine with the emulsion which results, thereby constituting polyurea walls of said microcapsules by polyaddition.

Abstract: Disclosed is a sculpted, hand-squeezable toy which possesses dimensional memory and has a predetermined dimensional memory restoration time. The toy is made by blending a foamable hydrophilic polyurethane isocyanate-functional prepolymer, a vinyl or acylic polymer emulsion recovery rate modifier, water, and an organic cosolvent. The blend then is charged to a mold for the foamed toy to be made therein. The proportion of organic cosolvent present and the temperature of the blend being molded are variables for determining the predetermined dimensional memory restoration time of the toy after it has been squeezed.

Abstract: Graft polymer dispersions are prepared by polymerizing aqueous solutions of acrylamide in unsaturation-containing polyols. These dispersions are employed in preparing polyurethane products.

Abstract: An adduct of a monoahl, e.g., a monohydroxyl polyalkylene oxide, and an active ethylenically unsaturated coreactant monomer, methacryloyl chloride, is usefully employed in the preparation of stable copolymer dispersions of the type used in the production of polyurethane foams and polyurethane elastomers.The copolymer dispersion is prepared by addition copolymerization of (1) the adduct with (2) ethylenically unsaturated monomers(s), e.g., styrene or mixture thereof with acrylonitrile, while (1) and (2) are dispersed or dissolved in an excess of an active hydrogen polyfunctional compound.

Abstract: A flexible foamed or solid rubber mass is produced on a substrate by ejection. Two pressurized containers are used, one containing an aqueous latex dispersion together with a pressurized inert propellant and the other an aqueous coagulant solution together with a pressurized propellant and the solutions are ejected simultaneously from two vessels so as to converge on the target and impinge thereon at spots distanced from each other by not more than 50 cm.The invention also provides an apparatus for carrying out the method.The invention is applicable whenever it is desired to produce instantaneously a flexible foamed or solid rubber mass on a substrate. One of the important applications of the invention is self-defense and the combatting of riots.

Abstract: There is provided a method of producing an open-cell polyurethane foam comprising heating a mixture of an aqueous emulsion of a polyurethane-forming composition and a fluorocarbon compound of 1 to 3 carbon atoms having a boiling point of 5.degree. to 100.degree. C. The above emulsion may further contain an ionic surfactant.

Abstract: An open cell polyurea polyurethane foamed sponge is produced by mixing together a resin and an aqueous pahse. The resin phase consists of a prepolymer made from a hydrophilic oxyalkylene polyol which is capped with isocyanate groups and from about 1-30% by weight of the prepolymer of a polymeric polysocyanate such as a PAPI resin. The aqueous phase contains water, reinforcing fibers, surfactants, a thickening agent and preferably up to 40% by weight of diatomaceous earth. The resulting foam has a reduced volume swell, rapid wet out and improved wet strength.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a process for the production of flame resistant foams by the impregnation of polyurethane foams with a dispersion consisting substantially of an aluminum hydroxide, a polyurethane latex, an alumino-silicate and surface active substances which results in foams having very desirable mechanical properties as well as excellent flame resistant properties.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the preparation of a finely divided, stable and relatively low viscosity dispersion of a polyisocyanate polyaddition product and an aminoplast and/or phenoplast and/or copolymer thereof in a hydroxyl containing compound and the use of such a dispersion as the starting component for the production of a polyurethane resin.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of partially dehydrated organic polymer polyol dispersions from the reaction of polyhydroxyl compounds and aqueous polymer dispersions wherein the problem of excessive viscosity is overcome by mixing the reactants with a recycled partially dehydrated polyol polymer dispersion, removing water from the reaction mixture, removing a portion of the partially dehydrated polyol polymer dispersion, and recycling the remainder.

Abstract: An expansion agent comprising a foamable mixture of (a) 15-53 weight % of a foaming agent having 6 to 78 carbon atoms selected from the group of an ammonium salt, aliphatic amine salt and/or an alkali metal salt of an alkyl sulfate, hydroxyalkyl sulfate, alkyl ether sulfate and/or aryl alkyl ether sulfate; (b) 5-42 weight % of a dispersant having 22 to 260 carbon atoms selected from the group of an alkyl alkyleneoxy amine and/or its quaternary alkylsulfate, alkylhalide or alkylphosphate derivative; and (c) 5-40 weight % of a stabilizer having 8 to 68 carbon atoms selected from the group of a sodium and/or potassium salt of an alkyl sulfosuccinate; and the combination of said mixture with a synthetic resin, latex or natural rubber to provide a coating or finishing composition; the process of applying said composition to a substrate and the treated substrate product having incorporated the composition of the invention.