Extruding A Solid Polymer Containing Material To Form A Cellular Product Patents (Class 521/79)
  • Patent number: 5240968
    Abstract: Disclosed is a a bimodal, insulative, styrenic polymer foam structure comprising a foam of a styrene polymer material of greater than 50 percent by weight of styrenic monomeric units, the foam having relatively larger primary cells with a cell size range of 0.05 to 1.2 millimeters and relatively smaller secondary cells ranging in cell size from about 5 percent to about 50 percent of the average cell size of the primary cells. The primary and secondary cells constitute at least about 90 percent of the total cell volume within the foam structure. The bimodal structure has an amount of carbon black sufficient to reduce the thermal conductivity of the structure below that of a corresponding bimodal structure without carbon black. Further disclosed is a process for making the foam structure.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 14, 1992
    Date of Patent: August 31, 1993
    Assignee: The Dow Chemical Company
    Inventors: Andrew N. Paquet, Kyung W. Suh
  • Patent number: 5238968
    Abstract: A degradable polymer network obtained by adding from 0.2 to 10 parts by weight of a foaming agent to 100 parts by weight of a polylactic acid-base resin composition comprising from 80 to 100% by weight of polylactic acid or a lactic acid-hydroxycarboxylic acid copolymer and from 0 to 20% by weight of a plasticizer, conducting melt-foaming extrusion of resulting mixture, and opening the foam cells in the extrudate. The high polymer network is characterized in suitable flexibility and hydrolyzability and thus useful as a material for absorbing of oils and body fluids, screens for sunlight, heat-insulating materials, filter media and packaging materials; and does not accumulate as industrial wastes because of hydrolyzability in the natural environment, even though abandoned after use.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 15, 1993
    Date of Patent: August 24, 1993
    Assignee: Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Inc.
    Inventors: Kenji Morita, Kohichi Uchiki, Hosei Shinoda
  • Patent number: 5234640
    Abstract: A process of producing a thermoplastic polyester series resin foamed material is disclosed, which comprises heating and further foaming a thermoplastic polyester resin foamed material having a crystallinity of not higher than 30% by bringing it into contact with water or steam of at least 60.degree. C. and then heating the foamed material by bringing it into contact with a heating medium other than water of at least 100.degree. C. to further foam the foamed material. A process of producing a thermoplastic polyester series resin foamed material is also disclosed, which comprises heating and further foaming a thermoplastic polyester series resin foamed material having a crystallinity of not higher than 30% by bringing it into contact with water or steam of at least 60.degree. C., heating and further foaming the foamed material by bringing it into contact with a heating medium other than water of at least 100.degree. C., and molding the foamed material by a mold.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 15, 1991
    Date of Patent: August 10, 1993
    Assignee: Sekisui Kaseihin Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha
    Inventors: Norio Amano, Takeshi Taki, Takaaki Hirai
  • Patent number: 5234963
    Abstract: The present invention is directed to the process and apparatus for compounding and pelletizing of chemical foaming agents in a high melt resin carrier and producing unique, uniform encapsulated and pelletized chemical foaming concentrates. More specifically, the present invention is directed to the compounding, encapsulating and pelletizing in a high melt resin carrier a highly loaded concentration (5 to 70 wt %) of foaming agents which include an endothermic foaming agent, an exothermic foaming agent or hybrid combinations of these two such that when incorporated into a thermoplastic resin to produce a foamed product will chemically react to form a mixture of carbon dioxide, nitrogen or hydrogen as the active foaming agent.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 10, 1992
    Date of Patent: August 10, 1993
    Assignee: Gaia Research
    Inventors: Rodrigo A. Garcia, Joseph G. Gho
  • Patent number: 5229432
    Abstract: The present invention relates to poly(ethylene terephthalate)("PET") polymer resins having high melt strength and advantageous non-Newtonian behavior; the resins can be foamed to produce closed cell structures with advantageous densities, cell sizes, cell size distributions, mechanical properties and thermal properties. More specifically, the PET resins of the present invention are highly branched due to the inclusion of one or more branching agents, and these resins can be advantageously used with environmentally friendly blowing agents.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 24, 1992
    Date of Patent: July 20, 1993
    Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and Company
    Inventor: Lawrence C. Muschiatti
  • Patent number: 5229429
    Abstract: The invention relates to expandable styrene polymers containinga) a styrene polymer,b) and at least one carbon dioxide absorber, mixed or copolymerized with the above, in an amount of from 0.01 to 50% by weight, based on the sum of a) and b), andc) a blowing agent or blowing agent mixture in an amount of from 0.5 to 12% by weight,where the blowing agent or blowing agent mixture comprisesc.sub.1) from 10 to 100% by weight of carbon dioxide andc.sub.2) from 0 to 90% by weight of at least one further blowing agent.The invention furthermore relates to the styrene polymers containing a carbon dioxide absorber, to the styrene polymer foams obtainable from the expandable styrene polymers, and to an improved process for impregnating styrene polymers with carbon dioxide-containing blowing agents or blowing agent mixtures.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 9, 1992
    Date of Patent: July 20, 1993
    Assignee: BASF Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Klaus Hahn, Knut Kaempfer, Hans Hintz, Anthony Schaefer, Michael Riethues, Michael Witt
  • Patent number: 5225450
    Abstract: The invention is directed to an unfoamed foil of at least one thermoplastic resin, said foil being capable of serving as an adhesive when softened and having included therein at least one blowing agent, and to the use thereof in preparing laminates.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 15, 1991
    Date of Patent: July 6, 1993
    Assignee: Schreiner Luchtvaart Groep B.V.
    Inventor: Adriaan Beukers
  • Patent number: 5223546
    Abstract: A degradable polymer network obtained by adding from 0.2 to 10 parts by weight of a foaming agent to 100 parts by weight of a polylactic acid-base resin composition comprising from 80 to 100% by weight of polylactic acid or a lactic acid-hydroxycarboxylic acid copolymer and from 0 to 20% by weight of a plasticizer, conducting melt-foaming extrusion of resulting mixture, and opening the foam cells in the extrudate. The high polymer network is characterized in suitable flexibility and hydrolyzability and thus useful as a material for absorbing oils and body fluids, screens for sunlight, heat-insulating materials, filter media and packaging materials; and does not accumulate as industrial wastes because of hydrolyzability in the natural environment, even though abandoned after use.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 17, 1992
    Date of Patent: June 29, 1993
    Assignee: Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Inc.
    Inventors: Kenji Morita, Kohichi Uchiki, Hosei Shinoda
  • Patent number: 5218007
    Abstract: The present invention is directed to foams produced from poly(aryl ethers) and mixtures of poly(aryl ethers) with various non-poly(aryl ether) polymers. These foams are produced using aqueous blowing agents comprising water as the only blowing agent, or mixtures of water with another blowing agent material.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 12, 1991
    Date of Patent: June 8, 1993
    Assignee: The Dow Chemical Company
    Inventors: David G. Bland, Joseph J. Conte
  • Patent number: 5210107
    Abstract: A flexible foamed liquid crystal polymer film or sheet having uniformly small cells or bubbles. The foam cells are essentially spherical and have mean diameters less than or equal to approximately 250 microns. The cell size distribution is relatively small. The foamed sheet is made by extruding the polymer through a die under pressure at a temperature near or below the polymer's melting point; a gas or chemical blowing agent is extruded with the polymer to produce foaming as the polymer exits the die.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 17, 1991
    Date of Patent: May 11, 1993
    Assignee: Hoechst Celanese Corp.
    Inventors: Randy D. Jester, Detlef K. M. Frank
  • Patent number: 5210105
    Abstract: Disclosed is a bimodal, insulative, styrenic polymer foam structure comprising a foam of a styrene polymer material of greater than 50 percent by weight of styrenic monomeric units, the foam having relatively larger primary cells with a cell size range of 0.05 to 1.2 millimeters and relatively smaller secondary cells ranging in cell size from about 5 percent to about 50 percent of the average cell size of the primary cells. The primary and secondary cells constitute at least about 90 percent of the total cell volume within the foam structure. The bimodal structure has an amount of carbon black sufficient to reduce the thermal conductivity of the structure below that of a corresponding bimodal structure without carbon black. Further disclosed is a process for making the foam structure.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 18, 1992
    Date of Patent: May 11, 1993
    Assignee: The Dow Chemical Company
    Inventors: Andrew N. Paquet, Kyung W. Suh
  • Patent number: 5208267
    Abstract: Starch-based biodegradable packaging fillers are provided which have high volumes, low weights, and excellent compressibility and resiliency properties. The products of the invention are fabricated by extrusion of a starch substrate, most preferably normal wheat starch, in the presence of minor amounts of a polyalkylene glycol or derivative thereof and/or a particulate bubble-nucleating agent. Effective biodegradable packaging fillers can thus be fabricated without the use of expensive modified starch substrates; however, such substrates can also be employed if desired, and the additives of the invention improve these products as well. In preferred production procedures, the additives are mixed with the starch substrate, and the mixture is preconditioned and then extruded through a twin screw extruder.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 21, 1992
    Date of Patent: May 4, 1993
    Inventors: Paul E. Neumann, Paul A. Seib
  • Patent number: 5208266
    Abstract: A lightly crosslinked polymer foam and a process for its production, wherein the crosslinking occurs in the extruder, which comprises melt processing an olefinic polymer, with a volatile blowing agent, a free-radical generating peroxide as a crosslinking agent, and an antioxidant as a countervailing agent.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 28, 1992
    Date of Patent: May 4, 1993
    Inventor: Toshimichi Yamazaki
  • Patent number: 5206082
    Abstract: Disclosed is a closed-cell, non-crosslinked foam structure of a ratio of minor dimension to major dimension of about 1/8 or less comprising a plurality of coalesced extruded strands or profiles of a foamed polyolefin composition having an average cell size of from 0.02 to 0.5 millimeters. The cross-sectional geometry of the foam structure substantially corresponds to the overall arrangement of the orifices of the die from which the foamed polyolefin composition was extruded. Further disclosed is a process for making the above foam structure comprising extruding a foamable polyolefin composition through the multiorifice die to form the structure.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 1, 1992
    Date of Patent: April 27, 1993
    Assignee: The Dow Chemical Company
    Inventor: Bruce A. Malone
  • Patent number: 5204169
    Abstract: This invention relates to the use of polyfluorocarbon blowing agents in the preparation of polymer foams; particularly the use of 1,1-difluoroethane in the preparation of polystyrene foams for food packaging and food serving.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 3, 1992
    Date of Patent: April 20, 1993
    Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and Company
    Inventor: Robert O. York
  • Patent number: 5190983
    Abstract: A process for producing hollow particles of crosslinked melamine resin having a uniform particles diameter, said process comprising subjecting a water-soluble methyl-etherified-melamine resin precondensate to condensation reaction in the presence of a curing catalyst in an aqueous solution containing a water-soluble polymer with carboxyl groups or water-soluble copolymer of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer, when the reaction liquid becomes turbid, adding to the reaction mixture a substance which dissolves or swells the melamine resin, and continuing the condensation reaction, if necessary.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 7, 1991
    Date of Patent: March 2, 1993
    Assignee: Honen Corporation
    Inventors: Masami Bito, Satoshi Konishi, Fumimasa Fukazawa
  • Patent number: 5189072
    Abstract: A foamable composition comprising an alkenyl aromatic polymer, blowing agent and a transient foam control agent that is effective to reduce polymer melt viscosity in the melt phase but nonmiscible and nondetrimental to the solid polymer.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 6, 1992
    Date of Patent: February 23, 1993
    Assignee: The Dow Chemical Company
    Inventors: Timothy W. Rhoads, Takao Kadota, Kyung W. Suh, William G. Stobby
  • Patent number: 5189071
    Abstract: A foamable composition comprising an alkenyl aromatic polymer, blowing agent and a transient foam control agent that is effective to reduce polymer melt viscosity in the melt phase but nonmiscible and nondetrimental to the solid polymer.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 3, 1992
    Date of Patent: February 23, 1993
    Assignee: The Dow Chemical Company
    Inventors: Timothy W. Rhoads, Kyung W. Suh, Takao Kadota, William G. Stobby
  • Patent number: 5186990
    Abstract: A lightweight, biodegradable packaging material and method for manufacturing the same. The product is made from an initial or starting material which is principally corn grit that is mixed with a binding agent and water extruded under heat and pressure and allowed to expand to form the packaging material.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 5, 1991
    Date of Patent: February 16, 1993
    Assignee: Eagle Scientific Co.
    Inventor: Bradley K. Starcevich
  • Patent number: 5183583
    Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved process for producing, by means of a portable foaming apparatus having a static mixer, a polyurethane foam by reacting a reaction mixture comprised of a polyol, an organic isocyanate, a foaming/frothing agent, and a reaction catalyst, the improvement comprising employing monochlorodifluoromethane as at least a portion of said blowing/frothing agent in said reaction and employing an acid-blocked amine catalyst as at least a portion of said reaction catalyst in order to produce a CFC-free essentially closed-cell rigid or simi-rigid polyurethane foam.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 10, 1992
    Date of Patent: February 2, 1993
    Assignee: BASF Corporation
    Inventors: Todd W. Wishneski, Donald E. Margitich
  • Patent number: 5182308
    Abstract: Foam sheets of high compressive strength are produced by extruding a mixture of a styrene polymer and from 5 to 16% by weight of a blowing agent mixture containinga) from 3 to 70% by weight of an alcohol or ketone having a boiling point of from 56.degree. to 100.degree. C.,b) from 5 to 50% by weight of carbon dioxide andc) from 0 to 90% by weight of a saturated C.sub.3 - to C.sub.5 -hydrocarbon and/or of a hydrogen-containing chlorofluorocarbon or fluorinated hydrocarbon boiling at from -30.degree. to +30.degree. C.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 1, 1991
    Date of Patent: January 26, 1993
    Assignee: BASF Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Heinz Voelker, Gerhard Alicke, Horst Schuch, Manfred Weilbacher, Reinhold Weber
  • Patent number: 5180753
    Abstract: Compositions and a process for manufacture are provided for synthetic polymer-propellant systems that form cohesive foamed structures from which aqueous solutions can be expressed, where the useful temperature range over which these structures form is broadened by using a propellant mixture consisting predominantly of a propellant that is a poor solvent for the polymer and has a vapor pressure in the range of 10-35 psig at 20 C in combination with a small amount of a propellant that is a good solvent for the polymer; and where these coherent foamed structures can be formed even with aqueous solutions containing 0 to about 30% alcohol, provided that insoluble fine-particle solids that do not pack and become difficult to redisperse are included in the composition.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 30, 1990
    Date of Patent: January 19, 1993
    Inventors: Lloyd I. Osipow, Dorothea C. Marra, J. George Spitzer
  • Patent number: 5180751
    Abstract: A thermoformable, rigid or semi-rigid polypropylene foam sheet having a smooth surface and a uniform cell structure and a density of at least 2.5 lbs/ft.sup.3 is prepared by extruding a mixture of a nucleating agent, a physical blowing agent and a polypropylene resin having a high melt strength and high melt elasticity.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 22, 1992
    Date of Patent: January 19, 1993
    Assignee: James River Corporation of Virginia
    Inventors: John J. Park, Leon Katz, Norman G. Gaylord
  • Patent number: 5180754
    Abstract: Polymer compositions for molding in the presence of a foaming agent which comprise at least a polyolefin resin as a base resin and low polarity boron compound powder which is not decomposed at a foaming temperature, such as boron nitride powder as a nucleator. Polymer compositions of the invention are useful for formation of a foamed insulating layer on a conductive material by way of foam molding. By using said polymer composition, a foamed insulating layer excellent in insulation properties which has small dielectric loss factor, tan .delta., at high frequency and high extent of foaming of not less than 70% can be obtained.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 11, 1991
    Date of Patent: January 19, 1993
    Assignee: Mitsubishi Cable Industries, Ltd.
    Inventors: Yukio Morita, Toshihiro Zushi, Nobuyoshi Matsuda, Kaneharu Suga, Takuma Takai
  • Patent number: 5179130
    Abstract: The present invention is directed to foams produced from poly(aryl ethers) and mixtures of poly(aryl ethers) with various non-poly(aryl ether) polymers. These foams are produced using aqueous blowing agents comprising water as the only blowing agent, or mixtures of water with another blowing agent material.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 30, 1992
    Date of Patent: January 12, 1993
    Assignee: The Dow Chemical Company
    Inventors: David G. Bland, Joseph J. Conte
  • Patent number: 5175171
    Abstract: In accordance with the present method for preparing an elastomeric silicone foam, an inert gas is injected under superatmospheric pressure during or after the merging of a silanol-containing organopolysiloxane that is liquid at room temperature an organohydrogenpolysiloxane that is liquid at room temperature, and hydrosilation catalyst, the merging step is followed by mechanical mixing in an enclosed chamber, at which time the mixture is ejected into the atmosphere. Completion of cure with simultaneous evolution of hydrogen occur under atmospheric pressure with the reactive ingredients and the inert gas all present in a homogeneously microdispersed/mixed state. The present method stabilizes the cells formed by the hydrogen and makes possible the development of a large quantity of cells of uniform size and uniform distribution, resulting in a high-expansion ratio foam.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 24, 1992
    Date of Patent: December 29, 1992
    Assignee: Dow Corning Toray Silicone Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Hideo Shinmi, Manabu Suto
  • Patent number: 5162381
    Abstract: This invention relates to a novel, environmentally acceptable blowing agent and blowing agent blends and a process for producing thermalplastic, and particularly polyolefin foams using the environmentally acceptable blowing agent(s). The blowing agents of the present invention comprise difluoromethane and optionally a second blowing agent component which is nonflammable and possesses good blowing agent properties. Polyolefin foam is made by mixing a polyolefin resin and the blowing agent and introducing the resin/blowing agent mixture into a zone of lower pressure.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 10, 1991
    Date of Patent: November 10, 1992
    Assignee: Allied-Signal Inc.
    Inventors: Robert G. Richard, Ian R. Shankland
  • Patent number: 5158985
    Abstract: A process for the production of polycarbonate foam moldings is disclosed. Accordingly, a composition is prepared comprising mixing a thermoplastic polycarbonate resin and 0.01 to 1 mole-% of a transesterification catalyst anda) 0.1 to 5 mole-% of an aromatic polycarboxylic acid, optionally along with about 0.1 to 5 mole-% of at least one member selected from the group consisting of aliphatic hydroxy carboxylic acids and aliphatic polyalcohols, orb) 0.1 to 5 mole-% of H.sub.2 O, optionally along with at about 0.1 to 5 mole-% of at least one member selected from the group consisting of aliphatic hydroxycarboxylic acids and an aliphatic alcohols, orc) the additives of said a) and b), ord) 0.1 to 5 mole-% of at least one member selected from the group consisting of diarylcarbonates and oligocarbonates,said percent based in every case on moles aromatic carbonate structural units ##STR1## in which --O--R--O is a diphenolate residue.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 27, 1991
    Date of Patent: October 27, 1992
    Assignee: Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Burkhard Kohler, Klaus Horn, Wolfgang Ebert, Klaus Kircher, Johann Piontek
  • Patent number: 5153037
    Abstract: A biodegradable shaped product comprising an expanded modified flour product preferably having at least 40% by weight amylose content and containing about 2% or more by weight of an inorganic water soluble salt, said expanded product having a low density, closed cell structure with good resilience and compressibility.Another embodiment provides a biodegradable packaging material comprising an expanded, low density, closed cell modified flour product, the flour preferably having at least 40% by weight amylose content and containing about 2% or more by weight of an inorganic water soluble salt, and the expanded product having a bulk density of less than about 2.0 lb/ft.sup.3, a resiliency of at least about 50%, and a compressibility of from about 100 to 800 g/cm.sup.2.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 21, 1992
    Date of Patent: October 6, 1992
    Assignee: National Starch and Chemical Investment Holding Corporation
    Inventor: Paul A. Altieri
  • Patent number: 5149721
    Abstract: A process for producing a polystyrene resin foam is disclosed, which comprises supplying an extruding machine with a polystyrene resin, a fine inorganic powder and a highly volatile foaming agent, heating them to melt, and extruding the melt from the nozzle into a zone of the lower pressure, wherein 0.01 to 2 parts by weight of an alcoholic ester of a higher fatty acid is added to 100 parts by weight of the polystyrene resin. The process insures that foams having a skin of good aesthetic appeal that are free from staining and malodor can be produced consistently for a prolonged time without any fire hazard.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 27, 1991
    Date of Patent: September 22, 1992
    Assignee: Sekisui Kaseihin Kogyo K.K.
    Inventors: Mikio Ishikawa, Toshiro Kobayashi
  • Patent number: 5149579
    Abstract: A thermoformable, rigid or semi-rigid polypropylene foam sheet having a smooth surface and a uniform cell structure and a density of at least 2.5 lbs/ft.sup.3 is prepared by extruding a mixture of a nucleating agent, a physical blowing agent and a polypropylene resin having a high melt strength and high melt elasticity.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 11, 1991
    Date of Patent: September 22, 1992
    Assignee: James River Corporation of Virginia
    Inventors: John J. Park, Leon Katz, Norman G. Gaylord
  • Patent number: 5149473
    Abstract: The invention comprises a method for the production of insulating styrenic foams comprising use of a blowing agent comprising a C.sub.4 -C.sub.5 alkane, CO.sub.2 and a halogenated ethane selected from the group consisting of 1,1,1-trifuluoroethane, 1-chloro-1, 1-difluoroethane and 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane and mixtures thereof, wherein the halogenated ethane amount is less than 70.0 wt. % of the total blowing agent weight. The invention further comprises the styrenic foams made using the blowing agent composition and a paraffin wax. The method of the invention advantageously eliminates ethylchloride from styrenic foam production methods while limiting use of the halogenated ethane to minimum amounts suitable to produce foams with good insulative properties.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 6, 1992
    Date of Patent: September 22, 1992
    Assignee: Amoco Corporation
    Inventor: Edward C. LeDuc
  • Patent number: 5147894
    Abstract: A polymer composition comprises a melt compounded product of a polyphenylene oxide polymer and a recycled polystyrene material. The recycled polystyrene material exhibits a melt flow index greater than about 25 when devolatized by heating above its glass transition temperature. The polymer composition may be in various forms including extruded pellets, extruded foam, and expandable foam beads.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 12, 1990
    Date of Patent: September 15, 1992
    Assignee: General Electric Co.
    Inventors: Richard C. Bopp, Daniel L. Roberts
  • Patent number: 5147481
    Abstract: The invention is a plastic foam body which is resistant to the boring of insects and is useful in insulating buildings subject to such boring comprising a foamed thermoplastic polymer having a plurality of closed non-interconnecting cells, a minimum cross-sectional dimension of at least 30 mm, the foam body being without discontinuities and substantial variation in average cell size when cell size, wherein the foam body has a density, d, of 40 kg/m.sup.3 or greater, and average cell dimensions of at least 1.0 mm, V, E, and H in three mutually perpendicular directions at least 1.0 mm or greater in the second directions, at least 1.0 mm and 0.9 mm respectively and a resistance factor, R, of 600 or greater as calculated by Formula 1 ##EQU1## In another embodiment the invention is a method of insulating buildings subject to the boring of insects into the insulation thereof using the plastic foam bodies of the invention.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 19, 1991
    Date of Patent: September 15, 1992
    Assignee: The Dow Chemical Company
    Inventor: Jean-Philippe Deblander
  • Patent number: 5147904
    Abstract: Open-pored moldings containing the product of the foaming and setting of (a) an aluminum fluorosilicate glass, (b) at least one polycarboxylic acid with an average molecular weight of >500, (c) a foaming agent, other than carbonates and/or hydrogen-carbonates, (d) optionally a chelating agent and (e) water, are suitable in particular as bone substitute material.Production is carried out by homogeneously mixing (a), (b), (c), optionally (d), and (e), then foaming, shaping and setting.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 22, 1990
    Date of Patent: September 15, 1992
    Assignee: Thera Patent GmbH & Co. KG
    Inventors: Peter Jochum, Oswald Gasser, Manfred Holupirek, Erich Wanek, Rainer Guggenberger, Klaus-Peter Stefan, Klaus Ellrich
  • Patent number: 5147896
    Abstract: This invention relates to the use of polyfluorocarbon blowing agents in the preparation of polymer foams; particularly the use of 1,1-difluoroethane in the preparation of polystyrene foams for food packaging and food serving.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 20, 1991
    Date of Patent: September 15, 1992
    Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and Company
    Inventor: Robert O. York
  • Patent number: 5140053
    Abstract: A foamable polymer composition comprising[A] at least one cyclo-olefin resin selected from the group consisting of(A-1) ring-opened polymers derived from cyclo-olefins represented by the following general formula [I],(A-2) ring-opened copolymers derived from the cyclo-olefins of general formula [I],(A-3) hydrogenation products of the ring-opened polymers (A-1),(A-4) hydrogenation products of the ring-opened copolyers (A-2), and(A-5) addition polymers of the cycloolefins of general formula [I] with ethylene, and[B] a blowing agent, ##STR1## wherein n is 0 or a positive integer; R.sup.1 to R.sup.12, independently from each other, represent an atom or a group selected from the class consisting of a hydrogen atom, halogen atoms and hydrocarbon groups; R.sup.9 to R.sup.12 may be linked to each other to form a monocyclic or polycyclic hydrocarbon group; and R.sup.9 and R.sup.10, or R.sup.11 and R.sup.12 may each form an alkylidene group.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 20, 1990
    Date of Patent: August 18, 1992
    Assignee: Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd.
    Inventors: Yohzoh Yamamoto, Takasi Nakagawa
  • Patent number: 5134028
    Abstract: A thermoplastic polyester series foamed material having a thickness of at least 3 mm and an apparent density of from 0.05 to 0.7 g/cm.sup.3 is disclosed, wherein the crystallinity of the resin in the surface portion within 0.5 mm from the surface of the foamed material is not more than 30% and at least 1% lower than the crystallinity of the resin in the central portion of the foamed material.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 26, 1990
    Date of Patent: July 28, 1992
    Assignee: Sekisui Kaseihin Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha
    Inventors: Motoshige Hayashi, Norio Amano, Takaaki Hirai, Takeshi Taki, Masatoshi Ishibashi
  • Patent number: 5124098
    Abstract: There is described a process for producing polyester foam fiber where sodium carbonate and citric acid are added as blowing agent before spinning together with polycarbonate. The proportion of blowing agent is from 0.15 to 0.80 percent by weight of the polyester and the proportion of polycarbonate is from 0.5 to 2 percent by weight of the polyester. The process of the invention makes it possible to produce foam fiber, i.e. filament or staple fiber with discontinuous voids, which may be used for example as carpet fiber and filling fiber for blankets and cushions or as a lining material for winter clothing.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 7, 1990
    Date of Patent: June 23, 1992
    Assignee: Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventor: Axel Vischer
  • Patent number: 5120385
    Abstract: A process for preparing a silicone sponge roll, which comprises uniformly mixing a foamable silicone composition comprising (A) a vinyl-free organopolysiloxane R.sub.a SiO.sub.(4-a)/2 wherein R is a monovalent hydrocarbon or hydroxyl group and a is 1.95 to 2.05, (B) a finely divided silica filler, (C) an azodicarbonamide foaming agent, and (D) a diacyl peroxide, thereafter extruding the composition through an extruder, and thereafter foaming and vulcanizing the composition. The silicon sponge roll produced is suitable to form a fixing roll for use in electrographic copying machines.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 26, 1991
    Date of Patent: June 9, 1992
    Assignee: Shin Etsu Chemical Company, Ltd.
    Inventors: Masaharu Takahashi, Jun Hatakeyama, Ken-ich Takita
  • Patent number: 5116880
    Abstract: A biodisintegrable thermoplastic resin foam and a process for producing same are disclosed, the biodisintegrable thermoplastic resin foam being comprised as a substrate thereof a mixed resin comprising 5-40 weight % of a thermoplastic resin decomposable by microorganisms and 95-60 weight % of a thermoplastic resin not decomposable by microorganisms and being characterized in that the individual aerial cells constituting the foam have an average cell wall thickness of 1-100 .mu.m and an apparent density of 0.5 g/cm.sup.3 or less than 0.5 g/cm.sup.3. The biodisintegrable thermoplastic resin foam is easily disintegrable after disposal in an environment where microorganisms exist so that it can be reduced in bulkness and gives no harmful effect on the life of natural plants and animals. The foam incorporated with a filler can be promoted in disintegration by microorganisms. Thus the present invention affords an effective means for solving various problems in the treatment of disposed materials.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 1, 1991
    Date of Patent: May 26, 1992
    Assignees: Director-General of Agency of Industrial Science and Technology, JSP Corporation
    Inventors: Yutaka Tokiwa, Akira Iwamoto
  • Patent number: 5116881
    Abstract: A thermoformable, rigid or semi-rigid polypropylene foam sheet having a smooth surface and a uniform cell structure and a density of at least 2.5 lbs/ft.sup.3 is prepared by extruding a mixture of a nucleating agent, a physical blowing agent and a polypropylene resin having a high melt strength and high melt elasticity.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 14, 1990
    Date of Patent: May 26, 1992
    Assignee: James River Corporation of Virginia
    Inventors: John J. Park, Leon Katz, Norman G. Gaylord
  • Patent number: 5110838
    Abstract: A biodisintegrable thermoplastic resin foam and a process for producing same are disclosed, the biodisintegrable thermoplastic resin foam being comprised as a substrate thereof a mixed resin comprising 5-40 weight % of a thermoplastic resin decomposable by microorganisms and 95-60 weight % of a thermoplastic resin not decomposable by microorganisms and being characterized in that the individual aerial cells constituting the foam have an average cell wall thickness of 1-100 .mu.m and an apparent density of 0.5 g/cm.sup.3 or less than 0.5 g/cm.sup.3. The biodisintegrable thermoplastic resin foam is easily disintegrable after disposal in an environment where microorganisms exist so that it can be reduced in bulkness and gives no harmful effect on the life of natural plant and animals. The foam incorporated with a filler can be promoted in disintegration by microorganisms. Thus the present invention affords an effective means for solving various problems in the treatment of disposed materials.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 19, 1990
    Date of Patent: May 5, 1992
    Assignees: Director-General of Agency of Industrial Science and Technology, JSP Corporation
    Inventors: Yutaka Tokiwa, Akira Iwamoto
  • Patent number: 5109029
    Abstract: Substantially closed-cell thermoplastic foams having a fragrance incorporated into the foam during extrusion are found to provide fragrant and long lasting release characteristics provided the foam is at least 70 percent closed cells. Generally the amount of fragrance is about 0.001 to about 5 weight percent of the total thermoplastic foam weight.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 2, 1990
    Date of Patent: April 28, 1992
    Assignee: The Dow Chemical Company
    Inventor: Bruce Malone
  • Patent number: 5106882
    Abstract: Dimensionally stable alkenyl aromatic thermoplastic synthetic resinous elongate foam bodies having closed noninterconnecting gas-containing cells having an average cell size of 0.05 to 2.0 millimeters, a minimum cross-sectional dimension of at least 0.25 inch, a cross-sectional area of at least 8 square inches, a water vapor permeability not greater than 1.8 perm inch, a density of from 1.0 to 5.0 pounds per cubic foot (16 to 80 g/l), and an absolute dimensional stability of less than 4 percent in any direction when measured by the test designated ASTM D2126/C578 are prepared using 1,1-difluoro-1-chloroethane as a blowing agent and extruding at controlled temperatures.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 28, 1991
    Date of Patent: April 21, 1992
    Assignee: The Dow Chemical Company
    Inventors: Kyung W. Suh, Jerry L. Severson
  • Patent number: 5098782
    Abstract: Disclosed is an extruded, low density, non-outgassing ehtylenic polymer foam containing 30-85% open cells and the remainder closed cells and having an essentially integral surface. The foam posseses superior compression recovery and lower compression resistance when compared with similarly comprised ehtylenic closed cell foams and superior moisture resistance and handling characteristics when compared to open cell foams.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 16, 1991
    Date of Patent: March 24, 1992
    Assignee: Applied Extrusion Technologies, Inc.
    Inventors: Edward E. Hovis, Eric D. Johnson, Michael J. Schroeder
  • Patent number: 5091126
    Abstract: A process for the preparation of expandable granules based on polyaryl ether sulfones and/or polyether imides, containing from 5 to 20% by weight of a physical blowing agent, the blowing agent and the polymers being mixed in an extruder and subsequently extruded directly into a medium at less than 40.degree. C., and a process for the production of foams from expandable granules based on polyaryl ether sulfones and/or polyether imides, containing from 5 to 20% by weight of a physical blowing agent, the granules being press molded at from 120.degree. to 250.degree. C. and at a pressure of from 5 to 30 bar to form a sheet, and the sheet being subsequently foamed by reducing the pressure, are described.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 3, 1990
    Date of Patent: February 25, 1992
    Assignee: BASF Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Heinz Weber, Gerd Ehrmann, Franz-Josef Dietzen, Eckhard Nintz, Hans D. Zettler
  • Patent number: 5089535
    Abstract: Thermoplastic compositions of internally plasticized polyvinyl alcohol material and a low molecular weight alcohol are provided that can be extruded into water soluble biodegradable foams. The compositions can be modified to provide foams that have varying degrees of water solubility and a broad range of physical characteristics.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 22, 1990
    Date of Patent: February 18, 1992
    Assignee: Sealed Air Corporation
    Inventors: Nelson E. Malwitz, Shau-Tarng Lee
  • Patent number: 5089533
    Abstract: Olefin polymer foams prepared utilizing "soft" blowing agents have improved properties when a small amount of a stability control agent comprising a glycerol monoester of a C.sub.20-24 fatty acid is employed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 26, 1990
    Date of Patent: February 18, 1992
    Assignee: The Dow Chemical Company
    Inventor: Chung P. Park
  • Patent number: RE34123
    Abstract: The process of enabling foam moldings to expand further than otherwise by impregnating the expanded sheet with inorganic gases such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, air and other pneumatogens prior to reheating to effect expansion.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 21, 1991
    Date of Patent: November 10, 1992
    Assignee: Arco Chemical Technology, L.P.
    Inventors: Peter S. Francis, Thomas M. Chapman