Abstract: In the disclosed process of producing resilient open-celled, cross-linked polyurethane foams, by foaming polyol, polyisocyanate, catalyst and blowing agent, the foaming is effected in the presence of a cross-linker which is a saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, heteroaliphatic or arylaliphatic crystalline polyhydroxy compound having at least 3 hydroxy groups. The crystalline polyhydroxy compound is insoluble or only slightly soluble in the polyol to be foamed and melts within the temperature range of about 60.degree.-160.degree. C. The amount of crystalline polyhydroxy compound to be used corresponds to about 0.1-5.0 hydroxy equivalent weights per 1 hydroxy equivalent weight of the polyol to be foamed.

Abstract: A reactive polyol composition useful in the preparation of high resilient polyurethane foams comprising a polyol and from 0.5% by weight to 5.0% by weight of a reactive diamine represented by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R is H or alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms and A and A' are NH.sub.2 or H with the provisos that in each ring either A or A' is NH.sub.2, not both and when A or A' is NH.sub.2 then the R attached to that carbon atom is H.

Abstract: A process for making cold-setting, non-shrinkable polyurethane foam resins using a mixture of silicon compounds of the formula:A.sub.x B.sub.x+2whereinx=2-25, preferably 2-5A is the group R' Si O.sub.3/2B is the group (R).sub.3 Si O.sub.1/2R represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 3 carbon atomsR' represents an aryl group having from 6 to 14 carbon atoms, with the proviso that the mixture contains at least one compound wherein x is greater than 3.

Abstract: A flexible, highly resilient, cold-cure, closed-mold polyurethane foam can be produced by reacting a foamable mixture comprising an organic polyisocyanate, water and a polyol. The foams of the invention are preferably prepared from a mixture of a hydroxyl-terminated graft copolymer and a hydroxyl-terminated polyoxyalkylene polyether in the presence of a co-catalyst mixture of at least one tertiary amine catalyst and at least one metal-containing basic catalyst. Said catalyst is selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal hydroxide, an alkaline earth metal hydroxide, an inorganic basic salt thereof derived from the reaction of said hydroxides with a weak inorganic acid, a metal organic basic salt catalyst derived from the reaction of at least one of said hydroxides with an organic acid and mixtures thereof. Useful metal organic catalysts are selected from the group consisting of the alkali and alkaline earth metal carboxylates, alkoxides and phenates.

Abstract: A process for the production of high resilience, open celled polyurethane foams which do not shrink in storage using conventional and readily available polyisocyanates and polyoxyalkylene polyols wherein from 0.01 to 2.0 g/100 g of polyol of specific siloxane components are added to the foaming charge. Foams produced by the process are also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing high-resilient flexible urethan foams characterized by, reacting and foaming polyalkylene ether polyol and an organic polyisocyanate in the presence of a blowing agent, a surfactant and catalyst, (1) using as said polyalkylene ether polyol one which contains 2 to 10% by weight of a vinyl type polymer and in which its hydroxyl number ranges from 25 to 60 mg KOH/g, of its hydroxyl groups 20 to 70 mol% are primary hydroxyl groups and the remaining hydroxyl groups are secondary hydroxyl groups; (2) using as said organic polyisocyanate a mixture of tolylene diisocyanate with diphenylmethane diisocyanate or a crude diphenylmethane diisocyanate; and (3) using as said surfactant a mixture of a high-molecular-weight siloxane-oxyalkylene copolymer with a low-molecular-weight siloxane-oxyalkylene copolymer.

Abstract: Catalysts having the following formula have been found to have unexpectedly high activity for the production of polyurethane and polyisocyanate resins: ##STR1## where: R, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are alkyls having 1 to 4 carbon atoms,R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, alkyls having 1 to 12 carbon atoms and aryls and aralkyls having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, andR.sub.5 is selected from the group consisting of H, an alkyl having 1 to 2 carbon atoms and an aryl and an aralkyl having 6 to 15 carbon atoms.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions and methods for forming polyether polyurethanes utilizing internal release additives for the purpose of facilitating mold release in the production of molded objects. The invention discloses four classes of internal release additives: (1) mixtures of aliphatic or aryl carboxylic acid and a polar metal compound; (2) carboxyalkylsiloxanes; (3) aliphatic glyoximes; and (4) aralkyl quaternary ammonium salts.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to an improved process for the production of cold-hardening polyurethane foams through the reaction of modified polyisocyanates with compounds having at least two active hydrogen atoms in the presence of blowing agents. The improved process is characterized by the fact that the modified polyisocyanate is prepared in a preliminary stage immediately before foaming.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing cold-hardening foams containing urethane groups using as an emulsifier, sulphonamide compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R represents an alkyl, chloroalkyl, cycloalkyl radical having from 8 to 30 carbon atoms, or an alkaryl radical having from 10 to 30 carbon atoms,R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, which may be the same or different, each represent a hydrogen atom, a chloromethyl, methyl, ethyl or phenyl radical,m is an integer of from 0 to 50,R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl, aralkyl, alkaryl, aryl radical or a --(CHR.sup.1 -CHR.sup.2 -O-).sub.m R.sup.4 - group andR.sup.4 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl, aralkyl, acyl, carbamoyl or cyanalkyl radical having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms.The use of these additions results in an increase in compression hardness without detrimental effects on other foam properties.

Abstract: The load-bearing characteristics of high resiliency polyurethane foams, as expressed by the loading required to obtain a 65% reduction in thickness, are significantly improved using as the gel catalyst certain diorganotin mercaptides or mercaptoesters.