Abstract: The present disclosure provides an effective and efficient process for the preparation of a dry chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC), comprising introducing chlorine gas into slurry of polyvinyl chloride in water to obtain a reaction mixture; irradiating the reaction mixture to obtain a product mixture comprising CPVC and water solution including unreacted chlorine gas and hydrogen chloride; filtering the product mixture to obtain a first mass; adding water to the first mass for extracting unreacted chlorine gas and hydrogen chloride to obtain an aqueous suspension, and filtering the aqueous suspension to obtain a second mass; passing nitrogen through the second mass to extract residual water solution to leave behind a third mass; and agitating the third mass in a high-speed mixer together with a neutralizing agent, and optionally with a stabilizer and a processing additive to obtain dry thermally stable CPVC with thermal stability in the range of 1000 seconds to 1500 seconds.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a process for the chlorination of polyvinyl chloride. PVC obtained during the suspension polymerization reaction is directly used for chlorination without filtration, drying and re-slurrying. The present process is carried out in the absence of additional chemicals/reagents; also reheating during the chlorination reaction is not required. CPVC manufactured using the process of the present disclosure has whiteness index greater than 85, yellowness index lower than 4 and thermal stability in the range of 300 to 550 seconds at 210° C.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a process for chlorination of a polymer. The process of the present disclosure includes minimum use of light and maximum chlorine utilization for getting maximum chlorination yield. The chlorinated polymer obtained by the process of the present disclosure exhibit improved properties viz. thermal stability, color, inherent viscosity and mechanical properties.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a process for the preparation of CPVC which includes reacting PVC with chlorine at a pre-determined temperature in the presence of at least one irradiation source having wavelength ranging from 254 and 530 nm while maintaining the radiant flux from 1.5 to 2 W/kg of PVC, irradiance at 0.13 W/cm2 and the number of photons emitted per second from 3×1018 to 5×1018, under agitation, for a time period ranging from 3 to 4 hours to obtain CPVC. The CPVC prepared from the afore-stated process has a whiteness index ranging from 89 to 96, a yellowness index ranging from 1.23 to 1.73 and stability ranging from 648 to 684 seconds. The rate of the chlorination reaction after employing the afore-stated process parameters ranges from 1.6 to 4.36 mole/hour/kg.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing chlorinated polyvinyl chloride resin in which polyvinyl chloride resin is chlorinated by radiating ultraviolet light in a reactor into which polyvinyl chloride resin and chlorine have been introduced, wherein the radiation of the ultraviolet light is performed by using at least one light source selected from the group consisting of an ultraviolet LED, an organic EL and an inorganic EL, the light source is disposed within the reactor, at least one radiation direction of the ultraviolet light is within a range of 30° or more and 115° or less with respect to a stirring direction of polyvinyl chloride resin, and an amount of ultraviolet light radiated within the range of 30° or more and 115° or less with respect to the stirring direction of polyvinyl chloride resin is 24% or more based on a total amount of ultraviolet light radiated from the light source taken as 100%.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide methods and apparatus for cables having one or more fibers that may function as a sensing device within a wellbore, wherein the fibers do not adhere to each other or to an inner wall of the cable during a high temperature operation, such as in a thermal recovery operation that may last over 30 days.

Abstract: According to a method of the present invention for producing a CPVC resin, the method includes the steps of: introducing chlorine into a slurry of a PVC resin in a first tank; transferring, from the first tank to a second tank, the slurry into which chlorine has been introduced; and irradiating, with UV light, the slurry in the second tank. This method improves an amount of chlorine dissolved into the slurry of the PVC resin and consequently, improves production efficiency of the CPVC resin.

Abstract: A method for producing a chlorinated vinyl chloride resin of the present invention includes chlorinating a vinyl chloride resin by irradiating the inside of a reactor, into which the vinyl chloride resin and chlorine have been introduced, with ultraviolet light, thereby producing a chlorinated vinyl chloride resin. The irradiation of ultraviolet light is carried out through use of at least one kind of light source selected from the group consisting of an ultraviolet LED, an organic EL, an inorganic EL, and an ultraviolet laser. A chlorinated vinyl chloride resin that shows suppressed initial coloring during hot forming and/or improved thermal stability can be provided by the method for producing a chlorinated vinyl chloride resin of the present invention.

Abstract: A process for preparing a pressure sensitive adhesive using a modified planetary roller extruder is described. The process in accordance with one aspect of the invention is a continuous process that includes introducing primary raw materials comprising a non-thermoplastic elastomer into a planetary roller extruder, introducing a heat-activatable crosslinker into the planetary roller extruder for mixing with the primary raw materials, and compounding the primary raw materials and the heat activatable crosslinker to form an adhesive composition while maintaining the temperature of the adhesive composition between about 25° C. and about 100° C. The non-thermoplastic elastomer is masticated during compounding and at least some of the heat-activatable crosslinker remains generally unactivated and is available for later activation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a radiation-curable composition having a refractive index less than 1.40 comprising (1) a curable perfluoropolyether oligomer having a structural formula selected from the group consisting of: and wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, wherein A represents a straight chained or branched alkylene group, wherein m represents an integer from 1 to 4, wherein the integers represented by m within individual —((CF2)m—O)n— repeat units can be the same or different, and wherein n represents an integer from 1 to 20; (2) a diluent; (3) a photo-initiator; and (4) an adhesion promoter; wherein the radiation-curable composition is free of compounds containing —CF3 groups.

Abstract: To provide a photocurable composition whereby it is possible to obtain a cured product provided with both release property and high refractive index, and a process whereby it is possible to produce a molded product having a high refractive index and having on its surface a fine pattern having a reverse pattern of a mold precisely transferred. The photocurable composition comprising from 61 to 90 mass % of a compound (A) having a refractive index of at least 1.55 at a wavelength of 589 nm before curing and having at least two (meth)acryloyloxy groups, from 2 to 15 mass % of a compound (B) having fluorine atoms and at least one carbon-carbon unsaturated double bond (provided that compound (A) is excluded), from 5 to 35 mass % of a compound (C) having one (meth)acryloyloxy group (provided that compound (B) is excluded), and from 1 to 12 mass % of a photopolymerization initiator (D) (provided (A)+(B)+(C)+(D)=100 mass %).

Abstract: To provide a photocurable material which can form a cured product having a high transparency and a high refractive index, a process for producing the material easily, and an article having a high transparency and a high refractive index.

Abstract: To provide a photocurable composition from which a cured product excellent in mold release characteristics and mechanical strength can be obtained, and a method for producing a molded product excellent in durability, with a fine pattern having a reverse pattern of a mold precisely transferred on its surface. A photocurable composition 20 comprising from 15 to 60 mass % of a compound (A) which is an aromatic compound having at least two rings or an alicyclic compound having at least two rings and which has two (meth)acryloyloxy groups, from 5 to 40 mass % of a compound (B) having a fluorine atom and having at least one carbon-carbon unsaturated double bond (excluding the compound (A)), from 10 to 55 mass % of a compound (C) having one (meth)acryloyloxy group (excluding the compound (B)) and from 1 to 12 mass % of a photopolymerization initiator (D) (provided that (A)+(B)+(C)+(D)=100 mass %) is used.

Abstract: A process for preparing a pressure sensitive adhesive using a modified planetary roller extruder is described. The process in accordance with one aspect of the invention includes introducing primary raw materials including a non-thermoplastic elastomer into a feeding section of the modified planetary roller extruder, conveying the raw materials from the feeding section to a compounding section of the modified planetary roller extruder, continuously mixing the primary raw materials in the compounding section to produce a homogeneous adhesive composition. The adhesive composition may be applied to a web-form material. The compounding section of the modified planetary roller extruder includes a main spindle surrounded by and intermeshed with a plurality of planetary spindles at least one of which is a double transversal mixing spindle having a plurality of back-cut helical flights.

Abstract: A radiation-curable composition comprising a radiation-curable compounds a free acid and a halogenated polyolefin is disclosed. The compositions are useful in the repair of damaged motor vehicle body parts.

Abstract: Thermally curable undercoat composition comprising for producing a bilayer relief image comprising: a) a polymer of Structure I comprising repeating units of Structure II, III, and IV b) a phenolic crosslinker; c) a thermal acid generator (TAG); and d) a solvent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for grafting an unsaturated monomer onto a fluoropolymer, having the steps of: a) melt blending the fluoropolymer with the unsaturated monomer; b) forming the blend obtained in a) into films, sheets, granules or powder; c) exposing the products from step b), in the absence of air, to photon (?) or electron (?) irradiation with a dose of between 1 and 15 Mrad; and d) optionally treating the product obtained at c) in order to remove all or part of the unsaturated monomer that has not been grafted onto the fluoropolymer. Structures made with these materials are barriers to many fluids and in particular to petrol and to air-conditioning fluids and may be formed into bottles, tanks, containers, pipes, hoses and vessels of all sorts. They may also be converted into films with which packaging is made.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fluororubber molded article obtained by subjecting a fluororubber composition to crosslinking by irradiation of ionizing radiation, wherein the fluororubber composition comprises: (i) a raw rubber having a metal element content of 1.5% or less and comprising a tetrafluoroethylene-propylene copolymer; and (ii) a prepolymer of triallyl isocyanurate. Also disclosed is a method for producing the fluororubber molded article.

Abstract: The objective of the present invention is to provide a production method by which a polymer of a functional group-terminated vinyl monomer can be easily and practically produced. Further, it is another object of the present invention to provide a functional group-terminated vinyl polymer which is useful as a material for the production of various functional products. The first aspect of the present invention is concerned with a production method of a functional group-terminated vinyl polymer comprising a step of synthesizing a halogen atom-terminated vinyl polymer by the radical polymerization reaction of a vinyl monomer in the presence of a halogen compound and a step of introducing a functional group to a terminus by substituting a functional group-containing group for the terminal halogen atom of said vinyl polymer.

Abstract: A curable composition comprising a compound (A) having at least one active energy ray curable polymerizable functional group, a fluorine-containing copolymer (B) obtained by (1) copolymerizing a polymerizable monomer (a) having a polyfluoroalkyl group and a polymerizable monomer (b) having a photo-curable functional group, or (2) introducing a photo-curable functional group into a fluorine-containing copolymer (D) obtained by copolymerizing a polymerizable monomer (a) having a polyfluoroalkyl group and a polymerizable monomer (d) having a group capable of introducing a photo-curable functional group, and a photopolymerization initiator.

Abstract: The objective of the present invention is to provide a production method by which a polymer of a functional group-terminated vinyl monomer can be easily and practically produced. Further, it is another object of the present invention to provide a functional group-terminated vinyl polymer which is useful as a material for the production of various functional products. The first aspect of the present invention is concerned with a production method of a functional group-terminated vinyl polymer comprising a step of synthesizing a halogen atom-terminated vinyl polymer by the radical polymerization reaction of a vinyl monomer in the presence of a halogen compound and a step of introducing a functional group to a terminus by substituting a functional group-containing group for the terminal halogen atom of said vinyl polymer.

Abstract: Antihalation compositions and methods for reducing the reflection of exposure radiation of a photoresist overcoated said compositions. The antihalation compositions of the invention comprise a resin binder and material capable of causing a thermally induced crosslinking reaction of the resin binder.

Abstract: An olefin polymerization apparatus is disclosed wherein monomer, diluent and catalyst are circulated in a continuous pipe loop reactor and an intermediate product slurry is recovered by a continuous product take off means. The intermediate product slurry is passed to a hydrocyclone to stratify polymer particles based on size. A slurry containing predominantly fines is withdrawn overhead and returned to the reaction zone. The slurry containing predominantly fines is preferably returned to the polymerization zone just upstream of the circulation pump and in a preferred embodiment this pressure differential is the sole driving force for the hydrocyclone separation. In another embodiment the product slurry from the bottom of the hydrocyclone is passed to a solids-liquid separator where the solids settle to the bottom and essentially polymer free diluent is recycled. In another embodiment, the intermediate product slurry is withdrawn via a conical settling leg.

Abstract: Manufactured articles obtainable from a composition consisting of:1) 100 phr of a fluorinated thermoplastic elastomer having a block structure with at least a fluorinated polymeric segment of B type having elastomeric properties and at least a fluorinated polymeric segment of A type having plastomeric properties,2) from 0.1 to 40 phr of a crosslinking agent able to give peroxidic crosslinking of fluoroelastomers;and subsequent irradiation of the manufactured article by GAMMA or BETA radiations.

Abstract: Antihalation compositions and methods for reducing the reflection of exposure radiation of a photoresist overcoated said compositions. The antihalation compositions of the invention comprise a resin binder and material capable of causing a thermally induced crosslinking reaction of the resin binder.

Abstract: Antihalation compositions and methods for reducing the reflection of exposure radiation of a photoresist overcoated said compositions. The antihalation compositions of the invention comprise a resin binder and material capable of causing a thermally induced crosslinking reaction of the resin binder.

Abstract: A radiation curable functionalized polymer is disclosed. The functionalized polymer is a copolymer of an isoolefin of 4 to 7 carbon atoms and para-alkylstyrene, wherein the para-alkylstyrene is functionalized with an acrylate or a mixture of acrylates and/or a photosensitizer and/or other functional groups at the para-alkyl groups of the para-alkylstyrene.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for the preparation of ceramic materials or articles by the pyrolysis of preceramic polysilanes wherein the preceramic polysilanes are rendered infusible prior to pyrolysis by exposure to ultraviolet irradiation in the presence of a reactive gas selected from the group consisting of ethylene, 1,3-butadiene, 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene, 1,4-pentadiene, silane, chlorosilane, dichlorosilane, boron trichloride, oxygen and water mixture, acetylene, and tetravinylsilane. This method is especially suited for the preparation of ceramic fibers. The ceramic fiber's surface properties can be modified by the practice of this invention; for example, a ceramic fiber with a carbon rich surface layer can be obtained when 1,3-butadiene is used as the reactive gas.

Abstract: A new monomer is used to prepare homo or copolymers containing blocked imide groups which are characterized by deblocking in two stages, first when acid catalyzed and thereafter in aqueous alkaline solutions. Such polymers are, therefore, especially useful in formulating positive photoresist cmpositions. The polymers are combined with a latent photoacid, which when exposed to actinic radiation removes the acid sensitive blocking moiety, preferably an acetal or ketal group, leaving a methylol group or substituted methylol group remaining attached to the nitrogen atom, which groups are subsequenctly removed by exposure to aqueous alkaline developing solutions, leaving only imide groups, ##STR1## The new monomer is a derivative of maleimide in which the imide hydrogen has been replaced with a methylol group, which is subsequently reacted to form an acetal or ketal. Preferred monomers include N-(2,4-dioxa-3,3-dimethylpentyl)-2H,5H-2,5-dioxopyrrole and related compounds.

Abstract: A method for enhancing surface properties of a polymeric solid is disclosed involving chlorination in the presence of actinic light to a depth substantially not in excess of 1800 .ANG. and to a chlorine content by weight in said 1800 .ANG. layer not exceeding 20%. Such limited chlorination of only the molecular surface layer provides enhancement of the polymeric solids' surface and barrier properties without any perceptible deterioration of the polymer's bulk physical properties.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of making perfluorinated elastomeric materials, and to materials made by such methods. In the full synthetic scheme, a partially fluorinated polymeric compound, with moieties to prevent crystallization, is created. It is then crosslinked to a desired degree, then perfluorinated.Various intermediate materials, such as partially fluorinated crosslinked polymers, have useful properties, and are or may become commercially available. One embodiment of this invention therefore relates to perfluorination of a selected partially fluorinated, crosslinked material, which is one step of the full synthetic scheme.