Abstract: The invention is a process for building-up printed wiring boards using metal foil coated with toughened benzocyclobutene-based dielectric polymers. The invention is also a toughened dielectric polymer comprising benzocyclobutene-based monomers or oligomers, ethylenically unsaturated polymer additive, and, optionally, a photoactive compound.

Abstract: Novel blends of photo-initiators and photo-absorbers are disclosed. By the proper selection of the type and amount of absorber used in a composition, it is possible to regulate the conditions under which photo-induced reactions occur. In a specific embodiment, blends of UV initiators and UV absorbers are used to control the conditions under which UV initiated polymerization occurs.

Abstract: There is provided a radiation-curable coating composition containing oligomers that each have two end groups X1 and X2, wherein the end groups X1 and X2, which may be the same or different, are a photoinitiator group or an adhesion promoter group. The coating composition may exclude the presence of non-reactive photoinitiator groups and non-reactive adhesion promoter groups, each of which would fail to covalently bond itself to an oligomer backbone.

Abstract: A high refractive index composition comprising a core resin mixture comprising a first compound of formula (I), a second compound of a poly(ethylene glycol) di(meth)acrylate of formula (II) and a reactive diluent to provide enhanced impact resistance and refractive index.

Abstract: The invention comprises a composition and method for controlling the gloss of surface covering products through curing of the composition to create a wearlayer surface, and preferably on a floor covering product. The surface covering product preferably is prepared by application of an aromatic polyester acrylate composition including a flatting agent and/or hard particles, and at least one free-radical generating compound to a substrate, and then the coating is partially cured by exposure to low peak irradiance UV light in either ambient or inert air, followed by fully curing the coating with high peak irradiance UV light in preferably an inert atmosphere to form a low gloss abrasion resistant wearlayer surface. Alternatively, a high gloss wearlayer surface is obtained by solely exposing the preferred composition to high peak irradiance UV light in ambient atmosphere. Furthermore, a differential gloss flooring product is obtained by using the present inventive method described herein.

Abstract: A monomer useful in the formulation of a radiation curable coatable composition comprises (a) polyfunctional isocyanurate having at least three terminal reactive groups reacted with (b) hydroxyalkyl acrylate and (c) tertiary amine alcohol in a molar ratio of a:b:c of about 1:1-2.5:0.5-2, wherein b+c is at least 3 and no greater than the total number of terminal reactive groups of (a). The monomer is included in a radiation curable coatable composition suitable for use as a floor finish and in a floor finishing system comprising the foregoing coatable composition with a primer. A method for the treatment of a substrate using the floor finish and the floor finishing system is also described.

Abstract: Disclosed are radiation-curable or photopolymerizable compositions, processes for applying and curing the compositions and articles bearing a cured coating of the compositions utilizing radiation-curable compositions which contain, in addition to the typical components of radiation-curable compositions, a polymer derived from 3,4-epoxy-1-butene.

Abstract: Photopolymerization compositions which include maleimides and processes using the same are disclosed. Polymerization of compositions which include maleimides in combination with a benzophenone compound/hydrogen atom donor sensitizer system may be activated by irradiating the composition with radiation.

Abstract: This invention relates to a curable coating composition which comprises: (A) a compound represented by the formula wherein in formula (A-I) each R independently is hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl group of 1 to about 8 carbon atoms, and n is a number that is about 4 or higher; and (B) a reactive vinyl or unsaturated monomer or oligomer, provided said reactive vinyl or unsaturated monomer or oligomer is not the same as (A). In one embodiment the inventive composition further comprises (C) a photoinitiator. In one embodiment, the inventive composition further comprises (D) a thermal initiator. In one embodiment, the inventive composition further comprises (E) a latent acid catalyst. The invention also relates to a method of coating a substrate utilizing the foregoing coating composition, as well as to a substrate coated in accordance with foregoing method.

Abstract: Fragranced lacquer coating composition polymerized by ultraviolet (UV) (UV-A from 315 to 380 nm) radiation comprising a) 70 to 90 parts by weight unsaturated polyester acrylate, b) 5 to 20 parts by weight divinylether monomer, c) 3 to 10 parts by weight UV photoinitiator, d) I to 10 parts by weight fragrance and e) 0.01 to 0.1 parts by weight odorless additive having fluidifying properties. The invention also relates to the preparation of the foregoing lacquer coating.

Abstract: In one aspect the invention provides an energy efficient polymerization method comprising irradiating a polymerizable composition and a photoinitiator with a source of essentially monochromatic radiation where the photoinitiator and the wavelength of the radiation source are selected such that the extinction coefficient of the photoinitiator at the peak wavelength of the source is greater than about 1000 M−1 cm−1 and such that the photoinitiator absorbs at least two percent of the actinic radiation incident on the coating. In another aspect the invention provides energy efficient methods of polymerizing polymerizable compositions and crosslinking crosslinkable compositions by irradiating the respective compositions with a low power source of essentially monochromatic radiation. The low power energy sources have an input power of less than about 10 W/cm.

Abstract: A UV-curable acrylate-thiol-ene insulating coating composition for electrical conductors, a method of manufacturing a UV-curable acrylate-thiol-ene insulating coating composition for electrical conductors. The insulating coating being of about 2.5 &mgr;m to about 500 &mgr;m thickness, which cured coating has a dielectric dissipation factor (60 Hz, 24° C.) of lower than about 0.05.

Abstract: A conductive composition for a biological electrode is capable of reducing the impedance between the electrode and the skin. A conductive gel composition for a biological electrode which is capable of electrically and physically connecting a living body to an electrode element and is composed of at least the following components: (1) a radical-polymerizable unsaturated compound; (2) a moisturizer serving as a plasticizer and functioning to supplementing and promoting the physiological humidifying function of the horny layer; (3) a polymerization initiator; and (4) a crosslinking agent. This moisturizer serves also as a plasticizer and, furthermore, elevates the moisture content in the horny layer at the application of this composition. The above-mentioned composition may further contain a plasticizer selected from among polyhydric alcohols, amines and ethers.

Abstract: The invention relates to thermoplastic polyolefin compositions having enhanced surface durability and products thereof which include a thermoplastic polyolefin base component at least one radiation-crosslinkable component present in an amount sufficient to enhance the surface durability of the thermoplastic polyolefin component when radiation-cured and at least one photoinitiator present in an amount sufficient to initiate crosslinking of the radiation-crosslinkable component upon exposure of the thermoplastic polyolefin composition to radiation.

Abstract: The invention comprises a composition and method for controlling the gloss of surface covering products through curing of the composition to create a wearlayer surface, and preferably on a floor covering product. The surface covering product preferably is prepared by application of an aromatic polyester acrylate composition including a flatting agent and/or hard particles, and at least one free-radical generating compound to a substrate, and then the coating is partially cured by exposure to low peak irradiance UV light in either ambient or inert air, followed by fully curing the coating with high peak irradiance UV light in preferably an inert atmosphere to form a low gloss abrasion resistant wearlayer surface. Alternatively, a high gloss wearlayer surface is obtained by solely exposing the preferred composition to high peak irradiance UV light in ambient atmosphere. Furthermore, a differential gloss flooring product is obtained by using the present inventive method described herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to dual curing silicone compositions which are capable of cross-linking when subjected to ultraviolet (“UV”) or visible (“VIS”) light and/or by a moisture condensation method. When cured, these compositions have excellent adhesion to a variety of substrates. These are particularly useful in potting and coating applications.

Abstract: Cyclopentadienylplatinum (IV) compounds having C7-20 aromatic radical substitution on the cyclopentadienyl ring have been found to impart enhanced cure speed and shelf-life stability to irradiation-curable silicone mixtures.

Abstract: The present invention provides a water soluble polymer which is prepared by the following steps. First, a carboxyl group-containing polymer is reacted with an alkaline reagent so that a portion of the carboxyl groups are reacted in an amount sufficient to make the polymer water soluble. Then, the polymer obtained is reacted with an epoxide containing unsaturated bonds and/or heteroatoms so that 1 to 100 mole percent of the remaining carboxyl groups of the polymer are reacted with the epoxide to form ester groups via a ring-opening reaction of epoxides, wherein the heteroatom can be silicon, nitrogen, phosphorus or sulfur. The water soluble polymer of the present invention can be used as a photosensitive resin. When the photoresist composition is used for preparing printed ciruit boards, it exhibits high photosensitivity, good water dispersability, storage stability, and good adhesion to copper. In addition, the problem of sticking to the mask can be prevented.

Abstract: An energy-curable polymer-forming composition for making a pressure sensitive adhesive includes an unsaturated oligomer resin and an adhesive promoter which increases the peel strength of the adhesive without reducing its tack. The composition also includes a tackifier and various other optional components such as photoinitiator, chain extender, reactive diluent and the like.

Abstract: Fragranced lacquer coating composition polymerized by ultraviolet (UV) (UV-A from 315 to 380 nm) radiation comprising

Abstract: A method for producing an acrylic graft polymer on the surface of a polyolefin article is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of immersing the polyolefin article in a solution of a photoinitiator in a volatile solvent, allowing the volatile solvent in the photoinitiator solution to vaporize, immersing the polyolefin article in a solution of an acrylic monomer, and subjecting the polyolefin article, while in a suitable atmosphere, which can be air or can be inert, to ultraviolet irradiation to cause the acrylic monomer to graft to the polyolefin surface. A method which involves subjecting a polyolefin article to corona discharge, immersing the article, after corona discharge treatment, in a solution of a photoinitiator and an acrylic monomer in a volatile solvent, and subjecting the article to ultra violet irradiation to cause the acrylic monomer to graft to the polyolefin surface is also disclosed. The latter method improves the ammonia trapping capacity of the grafted article.

Abstract: Radiation-crosslinkable elastomeric compositions containing: (a) an elastomeric polymer containing abstractable hydrogen atoms in an amount sufficient to enable the elastomeric polymer to undergo crosslinking in the presence of a suitable radiation-activatable crosslinking agent; and (b) a radiation-activatable crosslinking agent of the formula: wherein: X represents CH3—; phenyl; or substituted-phenyl; or substituted-phenyl with the proviso that any substituents on the substituted-phenyl do not interfere with the light-absorbing capacity of the radiation-activatable crosslinking agent and do not promote intramolecular hydrogen abstraction of the radiation activatable crosslinking agent; W represents —O—, —NH—, or —S—; Z represents an organic spacer selected from the group consisting of aliphatic, aromatic, aralkyl, heteroaromatic, and cycloaliphatic groups free of esters, amides, ketones, urethanes, and also free of ethers, thiols, allylic grou

Abstract: Herein is disclosed a modified ethylene vinyl alcohol polymer (EVOH) comprising an oxygen scavenging functional group.

Abstract: Provided is a photopolymerization initiator which has a high sensitivity and is inexpensive and which does not cause precipitation of crystals when kept in cold storage after diluted and dissolved in an organic solvent.

Abstract: An solvent-based pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) having improved shear adhesion is composed of an acrylic-based PSA resin, an ethylenically unsaturated polyester, an ultraviolet radiation (UV) photosensitizer, and fugative organic solvent for the acrylic-based PSA resin. The PSA is cured by evaporation of the fugative organic solvent coupled with heat and UV irradiation or UV irradiation alone. Such PSA has improved shear adhesion by dint of the addition of the ethylenically-unsaturated polyester and an ultraviolet radiation (UV) photosensitizer. A method for adhering two substrates using the PSA includes applying the PSA to one or both of substrates. The solvent in the PSA is evaporated from the applied PSA. Finally, the polyester component of the applied PSA is cured by exposure of the applied PSA to ultraviolet (UV) radiation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to radiation curable compositions comprising at least one metallocene polyolefin. The radiation curable compositions are useful for a variety of applications, particularly as coatings and adhesives. The radiation curable composition may comprise a single metallocene polyolefin, or blend thereof. The ultraviolet curable compositions further comprise at least one photoinitiator and/or at least one photoinduced coupling agent. For pressure sensitive adhesive applications, the radiation curable composition also preferably comprises other ingredients such as a tackifying resins and plasticizers.

Abstract: An ultraviolet-curable adhesive having an excellent moisture resistance and suitable for bonding optical disks having an information recording layer (vapor deposition layer), particularly optical disks having a thick vapor deposition layer, which contains, as essential components, (A) N-vinylpyrrolidone, (B) a urethane (meth)acrylate oligomer derived from a caprolactone-based polyol, an alicyclic diisocyanate and (meth)acrylic acid, and (C) a photopolymerization initiator containing (C-1) a photopolymerization initiator composed of only a carbon atom, a hydrogen atom and an oxygen atom without containing a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom and a phosphorus atom and (C-2) a photopolymerization initiator containing a nitrogen atom and/or a sulfur atom in a (C-1)/(C-2) ratio of 70/30 to 100/0 by weight.

Abstract: A high refractive index composition comprising a core resin mixture comprising a mixture of ethoxylated bisphenol A di(meth)acrylates and/or their derivatives having variable degrees of ethoxylation to provide enhanced impact resistance and refractive index.

Abstract: In one aspect the invention provides an energy efficient polymerization method comprising irradiating a polymerizable composition and a photoinitiator with a source of essentially monochromatic radiation where the photoinitiator and the wavelength of the radiation source are selected such that the extinction coefficient of the photoinitiator at the peak wavelength of the source is greater than about 1000 M−1 cm−1 and such that the photoinitiator absorbs at least two percent of the actinic radiation incident on the coating.

Abstract: A multifunctional photoinitiator is obtainable as the reaction product of a multifunctional core material containing two or more reactive groups and a photoinitiator or a derivative thereof. The photoinitiator or its derivative has a reactive group capable of reacting with the reactive groups of the multifunctional core.

Abstract: A surfacially ultraviolet radiation-crosslinked article formed of a homogeneous composition including an elastoplastic material, a cross-linker component that is cross-linkable by free-radical polymerization, and a free-radical source material generating free radicals in exposure to ultraviolet radiation, wherein the elastoplastic material is surfacially cross-linked by exposure to ultraviolet radiation, wherein the sub-surface bulk volume of the article is non-cross-linked, and the article is resiliently deformable from and resiliently recoverable to a shape of the article when it was exposed to ultraviolet radiation for surfacial cross-linking thereof. The article is particularly amenable to embodiment as a catheter, or other similar medical device for cardiovascular or other medical procedures.

Abstract: A method of priming a sheet molding compound (SMC) part. The method includes applying a photopolymerizable priming composition to a surface of the SMC part. The priming composition includes a polymerizable component, a photoinitiating component, and a conductive component. The method also includes irradiating the priming composition with light to initiate a polymerization reaction. The priming composition polymerizes on the SMC part substantially without releasing volatile solvents.

Abstract: In one aspect the invention provides an energy efficient polymerization method comprising irradiating a polymerizable composition and a photoinitiator with a source of essentially monochromatic radiation where the photoinitiator and the wavelength of the radiation source are selected such that the extinction coefficient of the photoinitiator at the peak wavelength of the source is greater than about 1000 M−1 cm−1 and such that the photoinitiator absorbs at least two percent of the actinic radiation incident on the coating. In another aspect the invention provides energy efficient methods of polymerizing polymerizable compositions and crosslinking crosslinkable compositions by irradiating the respective compositions with a low power source of essentially monochromatic radiation. The low power energy sources have an input power of less than about 10 W/cm.

Abstract: A thermosetting pressure-sensitive adhesive which can obtain the high rate of polymerization without a decrease in the molecular weight by photopolymerization, thereby show the tackiness at ordinary temperatures to permit easy temporary adhesion to an adherend, can be cured by heating for a short period of time to exhibit strong adhesive strength and high heat resistance, and is excellent in storage stability before heating, comprising a photopolymerized product of a composition comprising a) 100 parts by weight of a monomer mixture comprising 70% to 99% by weight of an alkyl (meth)acrylate whose alkyl group has 2 to 14 carbon atoms on average, and 1% to 30% by weight of a monoethylenic unsaturated acid copolymerizable therewith based on the monomer mixture, b) 0.

Abstract: Single-solution adhesive resin formulations are made of predominantly dimethacrylates or diacrylates containing predominantly) two carboxyl groups and a functionalized methacrylate or acrylate diluent monomer. A novel light-activated initiator can be used for photopolymerization of such adhesives.

Abstract: A radiation curable precursor coating composition for the preparation of a non-blocking, heat activatable adhesive includes a curable acrylic material, a curable elastomeric material, and a hydrocarbon tackifier material having a softening temperature ranging from approximately 50° C. to approximately 200° C., wherein when the acrylic material and the elastomeric material are cured, the coating composition is non-blocking at room temperature, but when the coating composition is heated to a temperature above both the softening temperature of the hydrocarbon tackifier and the Tg of the coating composition, the coating composition becomes adhesive.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel UV curable composition for forming thermally conductive interface and a method of using the same. The composition is used to promote the transfer of heat from a source of heat such as an electronic device to a heat dissipation device such as a heat sink. The composition comprises by weight from about 35% to about 75% of a UV curable acrylate material, from about 0.5% to about 15% catalyst, from about 10% to about 30% hydrocarbon solvent and from about 20% to about 70% conductive filler.

Abstract: Polymerization of gels for electrophoresis with improved photoinitiators results in gels which are suitable for electrophoresis. The new initiator systems are much faster than current systems for making such gels. Moreover, the polymerization reaction can be conducted in the presence of oxygen, which greatly simplifies gel casting. In particular, it is possible with the invention to cast and use gels of acrylic monomers in a “submarine” mode, which was not previously possible with acrylamide gels. Continuous casting of gels is facilitated.

Abstract: Novel substituted diaryl ketones, photopolymerization compositions including the compounds, and methods using the same are disclosed. Polymerization of compositions which include the compounds of the invention may be activated by irradiating the composition with ultraviolet light using conventional techniques and radiation sources to give greatly improved cure speeds. The compounds of the invention also show a significantly elevated level of reactivity at a narrow wavelength band, with a peak emission wavelength at or near 308 nm. Because of the increased level of activity, the photoinitiator can be used in considerably lower amounts.

Abstract: Ultraviolet radiation curing of inks on game balls, golf balls and the like is disclosed. Production inks, logo inks and methods for forming production prints and logos on golf balls, game balls and the like are disclosed. To form an ultraviolet radiation curable water-insoluble production ink, at least an adhesion promoting component is added to an ink base.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an acrylicized polyetherpolyol that consists of an ethoxylated polyol having a molecular weight of from 600 to 1000, preferably from 700 to 900, which is esterified with acrylic acid.

Abstract: A method for using a thermoplastic elastomeric composition which contains a multi-staged emulsion polymer binder is provided. An elastomeric composition which contains a multi-staged emulsion polymer binder and a photosensitive composition and a method for using the elastomeric composition in elastomeric coatings, caulks, or sealants is also provided.

Abstract: Coated optical fibers comprise a glass optical fiber and a radiation-cured coating formed from a radiation-curable liquid coating composition. The liquid coating composition comprises at least one aliphatic urethane acrylate oligomer, at least one acrylated or methacrylated compound selected from the group consisting of isobornyl acrylate, isobornyl methacrylate, alkanediol diacrylate, alkanediol dimethacrylates, alkoxylated derivatives thereof, and mixtures thereof, and a photoinitiator. In one embodiment, the compositions further include a silicone compatibility agent which reduces the coefficient of friction of the radiation-cured coating without disadvantageously effecting other physical properties of the liquid coating compositions or the cured coating, and particularly without disadvantageously effecting the optical clarity of the liquid coating compositions.

Abstract: Composition suitable for free radical, radiation curable coating comprising at least one polyester having unsaturated backbone and at least one compound having two to six propenyl ether groups, and optionally, a free radical photoinitiator. The equivalent ratio of propenyl ether groups to maleimide, maleate and/or fumarate groups in the polyester is preferably about 5:1 to about 1:5.The process for curing the composition includes exposing it to ionizing radiation and/or ultraviolet light. The resultant cured coatings and coated articles are similar in performance to their vinyl ether analogues, but the propenyl ethers are easier to prepare than the vinyl ether analogues.

Abstract: [Problem] To provide ultraviolet hardening type ink compositions with a temperature-sensitive color change property, which has both the hardening property and the printing strength of UV ink and also has an excellent light resistance.[Solution] Ultraviolet hardening type ink compositions comprising microcapsules with a temperature-sensitive color change property and a photopolymerization initiator, wherein said microcapsules contain no ultraviolet absorber and have the mean diameter of 0.5-50 .mu.m whereas said photopolymerization initiator comprises at least one of the compounds selected from ace tophenone type compounds and benzophenone type compounds.

Abstract: A compound of the general formula:A-L.sup.+ D.sup.-where A is a moiety which absorbs radiation and enters an excited state in which it accepts an electron; D.sup.- is a moiety which donates an electron to the excited state A and releases a free radical; and L.sup.+ is a cationic linking group which tethers electron acceptor moiety A to electron donor moiety D.sup.-. Cationic linking moiety L.sup.+ has the formula:-L'-G-where L' is a moiety which forms a stable radical with acceptor moiety A upon transfer of an electron from donor moiety D.sup.- to electron acceptor moiety A, and G is a moiety which forms a leaving group upon transfer of the electron from donor moiety D.sup.- to acceptor moiety A.

Abstract: A screen printing stencil made from a composition comprising polyhydroxy compounds having a plurality of 1,2- or 1,3-diol groups along a polymer backbone, the diol groups grafted thereto a compound of formula (I) (where A is an arylene or an alkylene group; X is an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a carbon-carbon bond, or a group of formula (a), (b) or (c); R is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; R.sup.1 is a (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4) alkyl group; m is an integer of from 1 to 8; n is an integer of from 1 to 3; and p is 1 or 2); or an acetal of the polyhydroxy, compound with ethylene glycol.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a photosensitive composition comprising a polysilane having a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (1) and a benzophenone type compound having an organic peroxide, ##STR1## wherein Ar represents a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group.

Abstract: Disclosed is a compound represent by the following structural formula: ##STR1## X is --H or an amine protecting group; --OY is --OH, an activating group for a carboxylic acid or a protecting group for a carboxylic acid; Z is --H or a phenolic protecting group, with the proviso that Z is not a straight chained, unsaturated alkyl group such as, for example, methyl or ethyl, and at least one of X, Y or Z is not --H.Also disclosed is a photoreactive polypeptide having a polypeptide chain comprising a residue of the compound described above. Also disclosed is a method of labeling a target molecule which forms a complex with the photoreactive polypolypeptide by photolyzing the photoreactive polypeptide when complexed with the target molecule.

Abstract: A photocurable and thermosetting resin composition developable with an aqueous alkali solution is disclosed. The composition comprises in combination: (A) a photosensitive prepolymer soluble in a dilute aqueous alkali solution obtained by esterifying an epoxy resin represented by the following general formula (1) with (meth)acrylic acid and further adding an acid anhydride thereto until an acid value reaches a level in the range of 60 to 120 mg KOH/g, (B) a diglycidyl ether type epoxy compound containing two epoxy groups in the molecular unit thereof, (C) a photopolymerization initiator, and (D) a diluent at such ratios of combination that said epoxy compound (B) accounts for a proportion in the range of 5 to 120 parts by weight and said photopolymerization initiator (C) for a proportion in the range of 0.1 to 30 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of said photosensitive prepolymer (A): ##STR1## wherein X represents CH.sub.2, C(CH.sub.3).sub.2, or SO.sub.