Abstract: Textiles are provided that include fibrous cellulosic materials having an ?-cellulose content of less than about 93%, the fibrous materials being spun, woven, knitted, or entangled. The fibrous cellulosic materials can be irradiated with a dose of ionizing radiation that is sufficient to increase the molecular weight of the cellulosic materials without causing significant depolymerization of the cellulosic materials. Methods of treating textiles that include irradiating the textiles are also provided.

Abstract: A method and a system for producing a change in a medium disposed in an artificial container. The method places in a vicinity of the medium at least one of a plasmonics agent and an energy modulation agent. The method applies an initiation energy through the artificial container to the medium. The initiation energy interacts with the plasmonics agent or the energy modulation agent to directly or indirectly produce the change in the medium. The system includes an initiation energy source configured to apply an initiation energy to the medium to activate the plasmonics agent or the energy modulation agent.

Abstract: A method and a system for producing a change in a medium. The method places in a vicinity of the medium at least one energy modulation agent. The method applies an initiation energy to the medium. The initiation energy interacts with the energy modulation agent to directly or indirectly produce the change in the medium. The system includes an initiation energy source configured to apply an initiation energy to the medium to activate the energy modulation agent.

Abstract: A method and a system for producing a change in a medium disposed in an artificial container. The method places in a vicinity of the medium at least one of a plasmonics agent and an energy modulation agent. The method applies an initiation energy through the artificial container to the medium. The initiation energy interacts with the plasmonics agent or the energy modulation agent to directly or indirectly produce the change in the medium. The system includes an initiation energy source configured to apply an initiation energy to the medium to activate the plasmonics agent or the energy modulation agent.

Abstract: The photocuring efficiency of a photoinitiator is increased by mixing it with an organic phosphite and an aldehyde. This mixture or photoinitiator composition can be used to cure acrylates or other photocurable compounds, particularly in an oxygen-containing environment, and the photocurable compositions can be used to form various articles.

Abstract: A method of forming carbon nanotube-polymer composites includes the steps of forming a mixture solution including a plurality of carbon nanotubes dispersed in a co-solvent. The co-solvent includes an organic solvent and a second solvent being a short chain fluorinated carboxylic acid having a boiling point below 150° C. which is less oxidizing than nitric acid, and is soluble in both the organic solvent and water. The first polymer is mixed with the mixture solution to form a polymer including mixture. The co-solvent is removed from the polymer mixture to form a dispersed nanotube-polymer composite. The second solvent can be trifluoroacetic acid.

Abstract: The present invention concerns photopolymerisable systems comprising reactive oligomers and/or monomers having ethylenically unsaturated groups and at least one phenylglyoxalic ester that, by photochemical decomposition, generates fragments having low migratability and low odor.

Abstract: Polymer/carbon nanotube composites including single-wall or multi-wall carbon nanotubes incorporated into the matrix of a polymer are provided. These composites can be used in environments exposed to galactic cosmic radiation. Accordingly, the composites are useful in deep space applications like space vehicles, space stations, personal equipment as well as applications in the biomedical arts and atom splitting research. The composites can be modified with organic dyes containing at least one phenyl ring and the resulting doped composite is useful as a radiation detector. The preferred polymer is poly(4-methyl-1-pentene). At low nanotube concentrations (i.e., about 0.5 wt % or less), the composites exhibit transparent optical qualities. At higher nanotube concentrations (i.e., about 0.6 wt % or more), the composites are non-transparent.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel photoinitiators of formula (I) wherein A is —O—, —CH2?, CH(CH3)— or —C(CH3)2?, and R is methyl or trimethylsilyl, and R may in addition be hydrogen when A is simultaneously the group —C(CH3)2?. The invention relates also to compositions comprising (A) at least one ethylenically unsaturated compound, (B) a photoinitiator of formula (I), (C) optionally further binders or additives, (D) optionally further photoinitiators or co-initiators. Compositions comprising (A) an ethylenically unsaturated compound that contains at least one aminoacrylate, (B) a photoinitiator of formula (II) or (III), (C) optionally further binders or additives, (D) optionally further photoinitiators or co-initiators.

Abstract: To provide a dental restorative material composition using an organic-inorganic composite filler having excellent surface smoothness like a natural tooth, low polymerization shrinkage, excellent X-ray contrast imaging property, similar transparency to that of a natural tooth, and no variation of transparency before and after the composition is hardened, the dental restorative material composition includes (a) a (meth)acrylate monomer, (b) an organic-inorganic composite filler having an average particle diameter of 5 to 50 ?m which is made by mixing a (meth)acrylate monomer and a fine particle filler having an average primary particle diameter of 0.005 to 0.3 ?m and having X-ray impermeability, (c) a fine particle filler having an average primary particle diameter of 0.005 to 0.04 ?m, and (d) a photopolymerization initiator.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions for functional films, and more particularly to compositions for functional films such as a heat ray screening film compatible with hydrolic or alcoholic and anti-hydrolic resin binder, a near infrared screening film, a chrominance correcting film, a conductive film, a magnetic film, a ferromagnetic film, a dielectric film, a ferroelectric film, an electrochromic film, an electroluminescence film, an insulating film, a reflecting film, a reflection preventing film, a catalyst film, a photocatalyst film, a light selectively absorbing film, a hard film, and a heat resisting film, films formed therefrom, and a method of forming the compositions and the films.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an ultraviolet curable resin of the present invention which is prepared from alkyl(meth)acrylates, glycidyl(meth)acrylate, and substituted or unsubstituted acrylic acid, wherein the resin contains terminal vinyl group in amount of at least 50 wt % based on the resin and its glass transition temperature (Tg) is in a range of from 40˜100° C. The present invention also relates to a resin composition containing the ultraviolet curable resin.

Abstract: A multi-photon reactive composition comprises an ethylenically unsaturated liquid polysilazane precursor, a multi-functional thiol additive, a multi-ethylenically-unsaturated additive different from the polysilazane, and a multi-photon photocuring composition. The invention can be used to provide ceramic-based microstructures as, for example, high temperature resistant materials, including devices such as microcombustors, micro-heat-exchangers, sensor and actuator systems, microfluidic devices, and micro-optics systems that can be used independently or integrated into other systems.

Abstract: Novel transparent composites composed of single wall carbon nanotubes incorporated into the matrix of a polymer are utilized in services wherein the composites are exposed to ionizing radiation, including galactic cosmic radiation. Accordingly, the composites are useful in deep space applications like space vehicles, space stations, personal equipment as well as applications in the biomedical arts and atom splitting research. The composites can be modified with organic dyes containing at least one phenyl ring and the resulting doped composite is useful as a radiation detector. The preferred polymer is poly(4-methyl-1-pentene).

Abstract: A photopolymerizing composition and a photopolymerizing recording medium manufactured using the composition, wherein the photopolymerizing composition contains: 1.0-99.0% by weight of at least one kind of polymerizable compound; 0.05-0.5% by weight of at least one kind of photosensitizer selected from among photochromic compounds that change color by incoherent UV light irradiation; 0.2-6.0% by weight of a coinitiator that is activated by visible light in the presence of a photoinduced form of the photochromic compound transformed by incoherent UV light to photopolymerize the polymerizable compound; 0-97.5% by weight of a polymer binding agent; 0-6.0% by weight of a plasticizer; and 0-3.0% by weight of a non-polymerizing solvent. The photopolymerizing recording medium has a high angular diffraction selectivity and thus can be effectively used to manufacture a 3D holographic optical memory with ultra high information storage capacity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to flexible package laminates useful in food packaging that are prepared using a liquid, UV curable, oligomeric, adhesive composition that does not require a photoinitiator.

Abstract: A printed wiring board, a substrate for disposing semiconductor chips and a semiconductor device prepared by coating a substrate with a photosensitive resin composition comprising an oxygen sensitizer and a cis-diene-substituted polyamic acid or polyimide and forming fine patterns by exposure to radiation. Processes for producing a printed wiring board, a substrate for disposing semiconductor chips and a semiconductor device, which comprises coating a substrate with the photosensitive resin composition and forming fine patterns by crosslinking cis-diene by oxidation polycondensation with singlet oxygen generated by exposure of the oxygen sensitizer to radiation. The photosensitive resin composition is of the negative type and exhibits high sensitivity and high resolution. The photosensitive resin composition forms a resin layer having excellent heat resistance.

Abstract: To provide a method for repairing a coated surface of a vehicle, using an ultraviolet curing resin having excellent quick-drying property, and giving a good finish in a shortened working time, a method for repairing the damage on a coated surface of a vehicle being a depression and/or a depletion of a coating film, which is characterized by comprising the following steps a) to c): a) filling a putty raw material comprising an ultraviolet polymerizing resin composition in an optionally pretreated damage portion and ultraviolet curing the putty raw material to fill the damaged portion with the putty; b) uniformly spray coating, on the coated surface including at least the putty-covered surface after the step a), a primer surfacer raw material comprising an ultraviolet polymerizing resin composition having a viscosity sufficient for spray coating and ultraviolet curing the obtained raw material coating film to form a primer surfacer layer; and c) applying a top coat on the primer surfacer layer obtained in b)

Abstract: The invention provides an organic/inorganic hybrid material with low optical loss at telecommunications wavelengths. Energy curable compositions of the present invention include condensed silica nanoparticles, a fluorinated silane coupling agent, an energy curable silane coupling agent, and a halogenated monomer or oligomer. Polymeric materials of the present invention include condensed silica nanoparticles having a mixture of organosilane coupling agents covalently bound to the exterior surface of the nanoparticles and a halogenated solid polymer matrix, wherein the mixture of organosilane coupling agents includes an at least partially fluorinated coupling agent, and a coupling agent covalently bound to the polymer matrix. The materials of the present invention are useful in making low-loss optical devices for telecommunications applications.

Abstract: A photosensitive resin composition comprising an oxygen sensitizer and a cis-diene-substituted polyamic acid or a polyimide. A printed wiring board, a substrate for disposing semiconductor chips and a semiconductor device prepared by coating a substrate with the photosensitive resin composition and forming fine patterns by exposure to radiation. Processes for producing a printed wiring board, a substrate for disposing semiconductor chips and a semiconductor device, which comprise coating a substrate with the photosensitive resin composition and forming fine patterns by crosslinking cis-diene by oxidation polycondensation with singlet oxygen generated by exposure of the oxygen sensitizer to radiation. The photosensitive resin composition is of the negative type and exhibits high sensitivity and high resolution. The photosensitive resin composition can form a resin layer having excellent heat resistance.

Abstract: An easy adhesion film for a transparent conductive thin film comprises a transparent polymer film and an easy adhesion layer formed on the transparent polymer film, wherein the easy adhesion layer comprises at least an ionizing radiation curable resin binder, a (meth)acrylate copolymer binder and polymethyl methacrylate resin particles. The easy adhesion film has high durability, transparency and anti-Newton ring property when provided with a transparent conductive thin film.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a photocatalytic composition which comprises at least one compound selected from a group consisting of polycyclic aromatic compounds and carbazole derivatives, both of which contain as substitutes at least any of hydroxy group, optionally-substituted aralkyloxy group or alkoxy group and having an UV absorption spectrum at a wavelength longer than 330 nm, and at least one aryl onium salt selected from a group consisting of diphenylalkylsul fonium salts, dinaphthylalkylsulfonium salts, triphenylsulfonium salts, diphenyliodonium salts, phenylnaphthyliodonium salts and dinaphthyliodonium salts, those which perform as a catalyst for cationic photopolymerization. The photocatalytic composition according to the present invention can be cured by admixing it with a cationically-polymerizable compound in the presence of an actinic radiation, such as light, electron beam and X-ray.

Abstract: The invention provides for pigment preparations containing, as main components, A) at least a finely divided organic or inorganic pigment, B) a dispersing agent composed of formaldehyde-arylsulfonic acid or oxalkylated phenols condensates, C) a radiation curable binder, D) optionally a photoinitiator, and E) water. The invention also provides for the use of said preparations as inks for said ink jet printing method.

Abstract: The present invention provides pure, storage stable, reactive esters of 2-cyanopenta-2,4-dienoic acid and the adhesives and polymers thereof. The monomers of the present invention have the formula: where R is alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxyalkyl, alkenyloxyalkyl, alkynyloxyalkyl, poly(oxyalkyl), aryl, cycloalkyl or a heterocyclyc radical. R may also be one of the foregoing moieties substituted with one or more of the other moieties; this includes the case of the substituent itself being substituted, and may also contain halogens. The reactive monomers of the present invention can be formulated into adhesives by incorporating certain modifiers and additives such as polymeric thickeners, viscocity regulators, plasticizers, thixotrophic agents, compatibilizers, adhesion promoters, pigments and colorants, fillers, deodorants and perfumes. They can also be used in composition with other monomers containing a reactive double bond such as for example cyanoacrylates.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula I ##STR1## in which n and o are a number from 0 to 50, m is a number from 1 to 50, u and v are 0 or 1, and at least one of the indices u and v is 1, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.2a, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 independently of one another are, for example, aromatic hydrocarbons, R.sub.5, if n and o are 0, is for example C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl and, if n and/or o are greater than 0, or if n and o are 0 and at the same time only one index u or v is 1, R.sub.5 may additionally, for example, be an aromatic hydrocarbon, at least one of the radicals R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.2a, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 being an aromatic hydrocarbon radical which is sterically hindered ortho to the boron atom, X is, for example, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkylene, phenylene, biphenylene, etc., and Z is a radical which is able to form positive ions, are suitable as photoinitiators, both the compounds per se and their combination with dyes or other electron acceptors.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula I ##STR1## in which n and o are a number from 0 to 50, m is a number from 1 to 50, u and v are 0 or 1, and at least one of the indices u and v is 1, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.2a, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 independently of one another are, for example, aromatic hydrocarbons, R.sub.5, if n and o are 0, is for example C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl and, if n and/or o are greater than 0, or if n and o are 0 and at the same time only one index u or v is 1, R.sub.5 may additionally, for example, be an aromatic hydrocarbon, at least one of the radicals R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.2a, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 being an aromatic hydrocarbon radical which is sterically hindered ortho to the boron atom, X is, for example, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkylene, phenylene, biphenylene, etc., and Z is a radical which is able to form positive ions, are suitable as photoinitiators, both the compounds per se and their combination with dyes or other electron acceptors.

Abstract: An epoxy resin composition contains an epoxy resin represented by the formula (I) and a curing accelerator: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 stands for ##STR2## where G stands for a glycidyl group, R.sup.2 stands for an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 stand for the same or different groups and each denote a hydrogen atom or a glycidyl group, m and x each denote an integer of 0 to 10, n denotes an integer of 0 to 2, provided that m.gtoreq.x and, if m=0, then x=0, in which case at least one of R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 denotes a glycidyl group on the condition that when m.gtoreq.1 and m>x, R.sup.1 may each stand for different groups.

Abstract: Vulcanizable organopolysiloxane compositions comprise a hydroxy-terminated organopolysiloxane, an acrylic or methacryllc functional alkoxy silane, a divalent tin compound, an alkoxy-.alpha.-silyl ester, a photopolymerization initiator, and a curing catalyst whereby the composition is cured by UV irradiation and/or by the action of moisture in air. The composition has good shelf stability and can yield rubber elastomers having good physical properties.

Abstract: A shaped article of halogenated polymer which is obtained by causing a halogen to react upon a shaped article of a polymer by irradiation of light is irradiated with light in the presence of an acetylene compound to have the acetylene compound graft polymerized onto the shaped article of polymer.

Abstract: The curable organopolysiloxane composition of the invention is formulated with two kinds of crosslinking agents including an organosilane compound having 2 or 3 isopropenyloxy groups in a molecule and an organopolysiloxane having at least 2 mercapto groups in a molecule added to the base ingredient of a hydroxy-terminated diorganopolysiloxane together with a curing catalyst and a photosensitizer. The composition has two-way curability by the condensation reaction in the presence of atmospheric moisture between the silanolic hydroxy groups and the isopropenyloxy groups and by the ultraviolet-induced addition reaction between the isopropenyloxy groups and the mercapto groups to exhibit very reliable curing behavior giving a cured rubbery elastomer having excellent properties.