Abstract: The disadvantages associated with using plastic sheet mulch may be overcome and enhanced crop production obtained by applying to an agricultural domain an aqueous compound capable of forming a durable crust under the condition of use comprising per 100 parts by weight of polymeric binder from about 100 to about 1,600 parts by weight of a fine particulate filler to provide a dry coat weight from 0.1 to 5.0 ounces per square foot.

Abstract: Rigid polyurethane foams which exhibit constant or slightly decreasing strain with an increasing stress in compression are prepared employing from 30 to 60 parts of an oxyalkylated toluenediamine polyol per 100 parts of polyol mixture. These foams may be employed in shoring up geological formations.

Abstract: A thickening agent having improved resistance under alkaline conditions comprises a synergistic mixture of an acrylate polymer and bentonite. These thickening agents are useful in textile padding and drilling muds.

Abstract: Rigid polyurethane foams which exhibit constant or slightly decreasing strain with an increasing stress in compression are prepared employing from 30 to 60 parts of an alkoxylated toluenediamine polyol per 100 parts of polyol mixture. These foams may be employed in shoring up geological formations.

Abstract: A process for producing a silicate/polymer gel in situ by reacting an undried, water-soluble, partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, a water-soluble silicate and a gelling agent in a porous earthen matrix, such as a subterranean hydrocarbon-bearing formation, to improve hydrocarbon recovery from the formation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for stabilizing an aqueous gel-forming system comprising one or more water-soluble acrylic monomer as gellifying agent, methylenebis-acrylamide co-monomer and/or one or more mono- or bivalent aldehyde as cross-linking agent, a redox catalyst system containing an alkali metal and/or ammonium persulfate as oxidizing component along with one or more amine compound as reducing component, furthermore optionally one or more water-soluble polymer for adjusting the viscosity of the solution and/or modifying the gel structure. According to the invention said gel-forming system is stabilized by saturating it with molecular oxygen.The invention relates further to a process for improving the strength and impermeability of particulate materials and/or solid articles.

Abstract: For consolidation of geological formations and artificial beds of rock, earth, and coal by means of foaming and hardening polyisocyanate/polyol blends, diols with secondary hydroxyl functions of the OH number range 150-1000 are used as diol component. Preferably a crude polyisocyanate blend (MDI) obtained by phosgenation of aniline/formaldehyde condensates which at ambient temperature assumes a liquid state, and the liquid prepolymers of said crude MDI are used as isocyanate components.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a process for the production of denatured polyaddition products of biomasses and isocyanates, comprising reacting(A) from 5 to 98%, by weight, based on (A)+(B), of a biomass based on microorganisms or derivative and decomposition products thereof with(B) from 95 to 2%, by weight, based on (A)+(B), of a compound containing isocyanate groups, at temperatures of at least 50.degree. C. with complete denaturing of component (A).

Abstract: Processes for sealing and strengthening water-bearing geological formations by injection thereinto a polyurethane-resin-forming composition that is especially suitable for this purpose which comprises a conventional polyisocyanate, a conventional polyol, an accelerator for the reaction between the polyisocyanate and the polyol, and a foam stabilizer.

Abstract: A water absorbing composite comprises an inorganic powder, and a highly absorbent resin covering the whole surfaces of the individual particles of the inorganic powder. The resin is obtained by reacting with a basic substance a polymer containing as a monomeric constituent an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated compound having in its molecule one or two carboxyl groups, or one or two other groups convertible to a carboxyl group or groups, and by crosslinking the reaction product with a polyamine. The composite is useful as a water retaining agent for agriculture and horticulture, or as a dehydrating agent for oil.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new azulmic acids stabilized by condensation with carbonyl compounds, several processes for their preparation and their use for various purposes.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a process for the production of denatured polyaddition products of biomasses and isocyanates, comprising reacting(A) from 5 to 98%, by weight, based on (A)+(B), of a biomass based on microorganisms or derivative and decomposition products thereof with(B) from 95 to 2%, by weight, based on (A)+(B), of a compound containing isocyanate groups, at temperatures of at least 50.degree. C. with complete denaturing of component (A).

Abstract: A soil stabilizer based on a prepolymer with terminal isocyanate groups, obtained by reaction of polyol with a stoichiometric excess of polyisocyanate, said prepolymer being such that in water a substantially stable dispersion of polyurea polymer particles is formed in the presence of a surface-active product.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for sealing fissures and leaks in construction by pressing sealing agents comprising liquid compounds having free isocyanate groups, and optionally auxiliary aids and additives, into the constructions to be sealed, characterized in that sealing agents which are substantially free of solvent are used which contain as compounds having free isocyanate groups reaction products of polyhydroxy polyethers with polyisocyanate mixtures of the diphenyl methane series having at least about 20% by weight, based on the weight of the polyisocyanate component, of 2,4'-diisocyanato diphenyl methane, in an NCO/OH equivalent ratio of from about 2:1 to 15:1. The present invention is also directed to the novel sealing agents used in this process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for forming a polymeric solution or gel having a viscosity of at least about 50,000 cps which includes the steps forming a solvent system of an organic liquid and a polar cosolvent, the polar cosolvent being less than about 15 wt. % of the solvent system, a viscosity of the solvent system being less than about 1000 cps; dissolving to form a solution, a concentration of the neutralized sulfonated polymer in the solution being about 0.1 to about 20 wt. %, a viscosity of the solution being less than about 20,000 cps; and admixing or contacting said solution with about 5 to about 500 vol. % water, the water being immiscible with the solution and the polar cosolvent transferring from the solution phase to the water phase thereby causing the viscosity of said solution to increase rapidly from less to 20,000 cps to greater than 50,000 cps.

Abstract: A thermally conductive composition comprises an essentially homogeneous mixture of sand or sand-like particulate material with a binder, wherein the binder comprises an organic adhesive having an inorganic fine particle filler therein. The binder is present in at least an amount sufficient to begin to form a binder meniscus between adjacent sand particles, while the filler is present in the binder in an amount which significantly increases the effective thermal conductivity of the composition as compared to the same composition without filler.

Abstract: Waterglass solutions are mixed with polyisocyanates and these emulsions are then left to harden in the formations. Introduction of the mixture into the formations which are required to be consolidated, e.g. deposits of coal, is mainly carried out by forcing the mixture under pressure into bore-holes in the formations. According to one variation of the process, the components of the mixture are introduced into the multi-chamber cartridges which are introduced into the bore-holes and then destroyed as the components are mixed. Certain additives such as accelerators, blowing agents, polyols, stabilizers and/or thixotropic agents are advantageous for the quality of the composite masses formed by hardening of the mixture.