Abstract: A vinyl chloride resin composition having a greatly improved processability without lowering the transparency wherein the gelation property of a vinyl chloride resin is improved with greatly decreased generation of ungelled substance; which comprises a vinyl chloride resin and 0.

Abstract: A latex composition for hair care containing a hybrid-graft copolymer of a sulfopolyester and an acid-functional polymer segment. The acid-functional polymer segment is formed from at least one acid-functional monomer, at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer, and at least one amide-containing monomer. Such compositions exhibit superior curl retention even at high humidity.

Abstract: A laser-sinterable powder product has been prepared having unique properties which allow the powder to be sintered in a selective laser sintering machine to form a sintered part which is near-fully dense. For most purposes, the sintered part is indistinguishable from another part having the same dimensions made by isotropically molding the powder. In addition to being freely flowable at a temperature near its softening temperature, a useful powder is disclosed that has a two-tier distribution in which substantially no primary particles have an average diameter greater than 180 .mu.m, provided further that the number average ratio of particles smaller than 53 .mu.m is greater than 80%, the remaining larger particles being in the size range from 53 .mu.m to 180 .mu.m. A powder with slow recrystallization rates, as evidenced by non-overlapping or slightly overlapping endothermic and exothermic peaks in their differential scanning calorimetry characteristics for scan rates of on the order of 10.degree. C. to 20.

Abstract: A cured product of a resinous composition for dental use is neither stained nor discolored while used in the mouth for long periods of time. In addition, the cured product of the composition is not discolored with hot water, and its impact strength is high. The composition is easy to handle, and its storage stability is good. The composition comprises (a) an impact-resistant resinous complex composed of a (meth)acrylic polymer and core-shell structured polymer particles having at least one hard polymer layer, at least one soft polymer layer and an outermost hard polymer layer, wherein the impact-resistant resinous complex contains ionic components in an amount not larger than 0.05% by weight of the resinous composition, (b) (meth)acrylate monomer, and (c) a polymerization initiator.

Abstract: The invention relates to a thermoplastic composition comprising at least one polymer (M) forming a matrix in which are dispersed nodules of at least one polymer (K) which are encapsulated in at least one polymer (S) in such a way that these encapsulated nodules are smaller than the nodules of the polymer (S) which are dispersed in the matrix (M).

Abstract: A process of forming a seed polymer for use in an emulsion polymerization reaction. The process includes the steps of providing an aqueous mixture of styrene, emulsifying agent, initiator and at least one polymerizable di- or tri-carboxylic acid and then polymerizing the aqueous mixture in the presence of a nonpolymerizable di- or tri-carboxylic acid to form the seed polymer.

Abstract: Polymer fine particles are obtained by emulsion-polymerizing one or more monomers having a carboxylate group represented by the following formula and an unsaturated group that is radical polymerizable:--COO.sup.- X.sup.+ (I)wherein in the formula (I), X.sup.+ is one species selected from the group consisting of monovalent metal ion, ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 to R.sub.5 may be the same or different, representing hydrocarbon groups having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 4 respectively. Alternatively, polymer fine particles may be obtained by performing emulsion polymerization in the presence of a compound containing the foregoing carboxylate group. In the obtained polymer fine particles, the carboxylate group is incorporated into surfaces of the fine particles by the aid of covalent bond or physical adsorption. Metallic parts such as those contained in a printer are not corroded owing to the presence of the carboxylate group on the surfaces of the fine particles.

Abstract: A liquid ink composition containing organosols having side-chain or main-chain crystallizable polymeric moieties is described. The incorporation of organosols having crystallizable polymeric moieties into the ink compositions provide improved blocking resistance and improved erasure resistance when used in ink transfer, ionographic, electrographic and electrophotographic color printing or proofing processes.

Abstract: A novel single package aqueous polymeric formulation containing a polymeric ingredient having a latex seed core and both carboxylic acid functional pendant moieties and a monomer having pendant moieties having the ability to form stable enamine structures by reaction with amines which contain a divalent group of the structure ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is either H, a C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 alkyl group, or phenyl, is disclosed. Also disclosed is a process for preparing the aqueous polymeric formulation.

Abstract: Air-dry refinish primer compositions containing microparticles have been found to exhibit superior air-dry properties as well as being resistant to solvent attack when a primer-surfacer or topcoat is applied after a short (30 minute or less) dry time of the primer composition.

Abstract: A thermosetting powder paint composition comprising:(A) a (meth)acrylic copolymer having glycidyl groups;(B) a polybasic carboxylic acid and/or polybasic carboxylic anhydride; and(C) particles having a core/shell structure each comprising a core having Tg of 20.degree. C. or below, the core being covered at least partially with a shell having Tg of 40.degree. C. or above, and said shell having no glycidyl group.The paint composition is excellent in weather resistance as well as in impact resistance and chipping resistance.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fast hardening aqueous coating composition comprising from about 95 to about 99 weight percent of an anionically stabilized aqueous emulsion of a copolymer having a Tg of from about 0.degree. C. to about 40.degree. C., the copolymer containing two or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers, wherein from 0 to about 4 weight percent of the monomers are .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated aliphatic carboxylic acid monomers; from about 0.2 to about 5 weight percent of a polyimine having a molecular weight of from about 250 to about 20,000; and from about 0.2 to about 5 weight percent of a volatile base, wherein the composition has a pH from about 8 to about 11, and wherein a cast film of the composition has a hardening rate measurement rating of at least 5 within 20 minutes after casting under ambient conditions of temperature up to 30.degree. C. and relative humidity no less than 50 percent.

Abstract: The present invention concerns an aqueous resin dispersion comprising a copolymer of a perfluoroalkyl group-containing ethylenically unsaturated monomer and/or polydimethylsiloxane group-containing ethylenically unsaturated monomer and another ethylenically unsaturated monomer copolymerizable therewith dispersed in water in the presence of a water-dispersible polyurethane containing a polydimethylsiloxane group such as silicone and a hydrophilic group such as a carboxylate group. The aqueous resin dispersion of the present invention provides a release agent which can freely control releasability, be excellent in adhesion to a substrate, and undergo little migration to back face or little change in releasability with time.

Abstract: Disclosed are epoxy resin compositions for fiber-reinforced composite materials, comprising an epoxy resin containing 70 parts by weight or more, per 100 parts by weight of the epoxy resin, of a bi-functional epoxy resin, fine particles comprising a rubber phase and substantially insoluble in epoxy resins and a curing agent. Also disclosed are prepregs and fiber-reinforced composite materials comprising the composition.

Abstract: Air-dry refinish primer compositions containing microparticles have been found to exhibit superior air-dry properties as well as being resistant to solvent attack when a primer-surfacer or topcoat is applied after a short (30 minute or less) dry time of the primer composition.

Abstract: Elastomeric particles, which have a tendency to agglomerate, are rendered non-agglomerating by contacting those particles with an aqueous solution or dispersion of a polyurethane rubber, a high Mooney viscosity, high gel content rubber and/or a soap, and optionally a polar binder, separating the coated elastomeric particles from the solution or dispersion, and then drying the elastomeric particles while keeping the coated particles in motion.

Abstract: Ink-jet inks for ink-jet printing are provided which include a vehicle and a colorant, the colorant associated with a primer core/shell polymer to form a primer/colorant combination, and the primer/colorant combination, upon printing on a print medium, encapsulated by a durable core/shell polymer. The primer core/shell polymer serves to promote adhesion of the durable core/shell polymer to the colorant and to disperse the colorant in the ink and the durable core/shell polymer serves to provide a smear-fast film upon drying of the ink on a print medium. The primer core/shell polymer comprises a hydrophobic core and a hydrophilic shell comprising a polar component, while the durable core/shell polymer comprises a hydrophobic core comprising a first T.sub.g component, which, when homopolymerized, has a glass trnnsition temperature, T.sub.g, between -150.degree. C. to +25.degree. C. and a second T.sub.g component, which, when homopolymerized, has a glass transition temperature above +25.degree. C.

Abstract: An elastomeric acrylate copolymer which contains, as polymerized units, comonomers having chemically reactive groups is prepared for the preparation of molding materials having good weathering resistance, improved impact strength and good flow properties. This copolymer is dissolved or swollen in monomers such as styrene and acrylonitrile, forming hard graft shells. After the addition of monomers and/or polymers having chemically reactive groups and, if required, after the addition of a chemically reactive crosslinking agent, the resulting monomer/copolymer mixture is subjected to graft polymerization, which is carried out up to a conversion of more than 15% by weight of the monomers, by thermal or free radical mass or solution polymerization. The molding materials can be used as dulling agents for polymer blends.

Abstract: Provided is a method of preparing a light-weight and inexpensive void type plastic pigment having enhanced hiding power and whiteness relative to inorganic pigments such as titanium oxide or organic pigments such as conventional styrene polymeric plastic pigments by regulating the content of each monomer in the sheath polymerization after core polymerization and controlling the glass transition temperature of the first sheath which is the shell obtained by initial polymerization less than that of the core by 70 to 120.degree. C., thus increasing the difference of refractive index between the polymeric matrices.

Abstract: Core/shell particles comprising a core comprising an elastomer having a T.sub.G value of <0.degree. C., onto which a shell of a crosslinked copolymer is grafted, where the proportion of the crosslinking component in the copolymer of the shell is from greater than 5 to 90% by weight, based on the total amount of the comonomers of the shell copolymer, are suitable as toughening agents for epoxy resins, with which they have good compatibility.

Abstract: An aqueous polymer emulsion contains a dispersed polymer A, which is obtainable by free radical aqueous emulsion polymerization of different monomer compositions in two successive stages and has ureido groups, and a polyaldehyde compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an expanded resin bead comprising:a core which comprises a crystalline thermoplastic resin and is in an expanded state, anda coat which comprises an ethylene-based polymer which is lower in melting point than said thermoplastic resin or shows substantially no melting point, and which coat is in a substantially unexpanded state.

Abstract: Inks for ink jet printers containing an aqueous carrier medium; a pigment; a polymeric dispersant; and an emulsion polymer additive stabilized with a structured polymer are stable, have low viscosity, exhibit excellent print quality, provide excellent smear resistance after drying, have good decap and crusting time, and also demonstrate good charging stability when used in continuous flow printers.

Abstract: A sprayable aqueous coating composition for motor vehicles comprising an aqueous dispersion of addition polymer microparticles having a crosslinked core and a non-crosslinked stabilising mantle containing acid groups, characterised in that the crosslinked core comprises: i) a crosslinked inner core of an addition polymer and ii) a crosslinked outer core of addition polymer which is made from at least 10% by weight of monomers having a solubility in water of less than 0.1% by weight ratio of the inner core to the outer core being in the range 10:90 to 90:10.

Abstract: An ink for ink jet printers contains an aqueous carrier medium; a colorant that is insoluble in the aqueous carrier; a branched polymer dispersant; and an emulsion polymer additive and is stable, has low viscosity, exhibits excellent print quality, provides excellent smear resistance after drying and has good decap or crusting time.

Abstract: A polymer dispersion having a minimum film-forming temperature in the range from 0 to 40.degree. C., which is useful in coating compositions for substrates, in the form of varnishes or gloss paints, is obtained by stepwise emulsion polymerization, which includes polymerizing, onto a first stage having the monomer composition I comprising: from 50 to 68.5% by weight of soft monomers A whose homopolymers have a glass transition temperature (T.sub.g) below 0.degree. C.; from 30 to 50% by weight of hard monomers B whose homopolymers have a glass transition temperature (T.sub.g) above 65.degree. C.; from 0.5 to 5% by weight of .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acids and/or carboxamides C which are copolymerizable with A and B; from 1 to 7.

Abstract: Storage-stable, silane-modified core-shell copolymers are provided comprising a shell-forming copolymer I ofa) from 70 to 95% by weight, based on the overall weight of the shell, of acrylic and/or methacrylic C.sub.1 - to C.sub.

Abstract: Ink-jet inks for ink-jet printing are provided which include a vehicle and a colorant, the colorant encapsulated by or associated with a primer core/shell polymer to form a primer/colorant combination, and the primer/colorant combination, upon printing on a print medium, encapsulated by a durable core/shell polymer. The primer core/shell polymer serves to provide adhesion of the durable core/shell polymer to the colorant and the durable core/shell polymer serves to provide a smear-fast film upon drying of the ink on a print medium. The primer core/shell polymer comprises a hydrophobic core and a hydrophilic shell comprising a polar component, while the durable core/shell polymer comprises a hydrophobic core comprising a low T.sub.g component, which, when homopolymerized, has a glass transition temperature, T.sub.g, below 25.degree. C. and a high T.sub.g component, which, when homopolymerized, has a glass transition temperature above 25.degree. C.

Abstract: A laser-sinterable powder product has been prepared having unique properties which allow the powder to be sintered in a selective laser sintering machine to form a sintered part which is near-fully dense. For most purposes, the sintered part is indistinguishable from another part having the same dimensions made by isotropically molding the powder. In addition to being freely flowable at a temperature near its softening temperature, a useful powder is disclosed that has a two-tier distribution in which substantially no primary particles have an average diameter greater than 180 .mu.m, provided further that the number average ratio of particles smaller than 53 .mu.m is greater than 80%, the remaining larger particles being in the size range from 53 .mu.m to 180 .mu.m. A powder with slow recrystallization rates, as evidenced by non-overlapping endothermic and exothermic peaks in their differential scanning calorimetry characteristics for scan rates of on the order of 10.degree. C. to 20.degree. C.

Abstract: This invention relates to stable one-part latex compositions prepared by aqueous emulsion polymerization wherein a core-shell polymer is formed, the core formed by emulsion polymerization of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer in the presence of an epoxy resin and the shell polymer formed by emulsion polymerization of a hydroxy carboxyl containing monomer composition in the presence of the core, providing that the monomers in both the core and the shell do not contain amino functional groups, and post-adding to the formed core-shell polymer an organic compound having at least one amino functional group which is available for later reaction with the epoxy resin upon drying to produce a crosslinked polymer product.

Abstract: A thermoplastic resin molded article having gloss of at least one surface above 80%, a storage modulus in common logarithm being 7 to 8 MPa within a temperature range higher by 20.degree. C. to 100.degree. C. than the glass transition temperature, a cooling distortion ratio of 1.0 kg/cm.sup.2 .multidot..degree.C. or less when the molded article is cooled from 130.degree. C. to 50.degree. C. and an Izod impact strength of 2.0 kj/m.sup.2 or more, is provided, together with a thermoplastic resin composition containing a polybutylene terephthalate resin, a polyethylene terephthalate resin, a (metha)acrylic resin, a polymer particle of a multi-layer structure and an inorganic filler, which composition is used for producing the molded article.

Abstract: Corrosion-resistant latex coatings comprising a diphenyl sulfonate surfactant and a salt of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid.

Abstract: The present invention is a waterborne coating composition comprising a hydrophobically modified emulsion polymer and a process therefore. The emulsion polymer is formed by first combining hydrophobic polymeric compound and .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated monomer, to form a mixture and subjecting the mixture to high stress techniques to form surfactant stabilized particles of the hydrophobic polymer and monomers, in the aqueous phase. The .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated groups within the particles are co-polymerized to form a hydrophobically modified core polymer. Additional monomers including at least one .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated hydrophilic monomer are then added to the core polymer and polymerized by emulsion polymerization, to form a hydrophobically modified emulsion polymer. To form a coating composition, additional components such as pigments, crosslinkers, plasticizers and solvents are added. The coating is applied to a substrate to form a coated article.

Abstract: A room temperature curing composition of this invention comprises an emulsion obtained by multi-stage emulsion polymerization of monomers, the emulsion comprising emulsion particles, a core of which comprises (A) 1 to 30% by weight of silyl group-containing vinyl monomer, (B) 70 to 99% by weight of vinyl monomer copolymerizable with component (A), the outermost shell of which comprises (A) 0.1 to 30% by weight of silyl group-containing vinyl monomer and (B) 40 to 99.4% by weight of vinyl monomer copolymerizable with component (A), and (D) 0.5 to 30% by weight of hydrophilic vinyl monomer. The room temperature curing composition of this invention has a stable silyl group, and a much improved film-forming ability after long-term storage and it also shows excellent mechanical stability, water-resistance, durability and white enamel gloss.

Abstract: A method for providing a waterborne coating composition having improved color acceptance is provided. More particularly, a method for improving the color acceptance of a waterborne coating composition containing an emulsion-polymerized addition polymer by incorporating a polymerizable surfactant into the polymer with a certain surface coverage of bound surfactant is provided.

Abstract: Process for making organic solvent-free aqueous crosslinkable polymer composition comprising: a) preparing an aqueous solution of an acid-functional oligomer with Tg 10 to 125.degree. C. and having crosslinker functional groups; b) conducting an aqueous emulsion polymerization to make an aqueous emulsion of an olefinic hydrophobic polymer in the presence of the aqueous oligomer solution, the hydrophobic polymer having Tg at least 25.degree. C. below that of the oligomer and optionally crosslinker functional groups, and c) combining with a crosslinking agent reactable with the crosslinker groups of the oligomer and polymer, said composition having Koenig hardness of .gtoreq.40 sec and minimum film forming temperature (MFFT) .ltoreq.55.degree. C. Also the aqueous composition so formed and its use in various applications. The aqueous composition has excellent properties and in particular an advantageous balance of MFFT and Koenig hardness.

Abstract: There is a need for halogen-free polymeric compositions which offer increased heat and ultraviolet light resistance for utilization in automotive interiors. For instance, it is particularly critical for polymers which are utilized in making skin compounds for automotive instrument and door panels to display excellent heat and ultraviolet light resistance.

Abstract: The invention relates to a chemical composition containing a) a copolymer based on styrene and/or at least one alkyl (meth)acrylate, the quantity of styrene and/or alkyl (meth)acrylate being .gtoreq.50% by weight, based on the total monomers, and at least one further comonomer, and b) a water-soluble polymeric protective colloid, wherein about 2 to 30 parts per weight of the water-soluble polymeric protective colloid are allotted to 100 parts by weight of the copolymer, and c) optional further additives as required. The copolymer contains appoximately 0.1 to 50% by weight units of an epoxide-group-containing ethylenically unsaturated comonomer. Such units show reactive epoxide groups. The invention relates further to an aqueous polymer dispersion of said chemical composition, the production of same and a special method for obtaining the chemical composition from the polymer dispersion and special applications of the aqueous polymer dispersion and the chemical composition.

Abstract: The present invention provides particulate aqueous polyurethane dispersions and a process for producing the same. Two diverse polyols are reacted with two different amount of hydrophilic group-containing dihydric alcohols to obtain a hydrophobic prepolymer and a hydrophilic prepolymer respectively, and the two prepolymers obtained are together dispersed in water. After chain-extending the dispersed prepolymers, core-shell aqueous polyurethane dispersions are produced, wherein the shell is made from the hydrophilic prepolymer and the core is made from the hydrophobic prepolymer. The polyurethane product made from the aqueous polyurethane dispersions of the invention has superior solvent resistance and can be employed in industrial coating or surface treatment of leather or textiles.

Abstract: A high temperature thermal insulation has a dry mixture which includes cement, gypsum and a special particulate material having small particles which exhibit good insulating properties. The particles have a low density polymeric core covered by a chemically inert coating such as calcium carbonate. A special liquid catalyst is added to the dry mixture to cause the particles to be bound together with the cement and gypsum. The cement and gypsum cover and protect the particles from melting due to elevated temperatures, and the particles are thus able to resist heat transfer in high temperature applications.

Abstract: The invention concerns a two-stage method for the preparation of aqueous, self-crosslinking copolymer dispersions made from acrylate copolymers having acetoacetyl and carboxylic groups. The copolymers are neutralized with polyamines which act as crosslinking agents. These copolymers are useful in paints as binders that crosslink at room temperature or at elevated temperatures.

Abstract: Water-fastness of inks containing pigment and a polymeric dispersant is improved by the addition of core-shell or tetrafluoroethylene emulsion polymers. The printed ink images exhibit improved resistance to smudge or smear when handled or marked with highlight pens.

Abstract: A water dispersible powder composition is provided. The powder composition contains at least one film-forming polymer having at least one functional group and at least one reactive component that reacts to form a non-ionic bond with the polymer functional group following dispersion of the powder composition in water. The reaction between the polymer particles in the admixture and the reactive component renders the resulting coating water-resistant. The powder composition of this invention is useful for producing water-resistant coatings.

Abstract: An aqueous fluororesin coating composition and a process for producing the same, the coating composition comprising a core/shell fluorine-containing copolymer dispersed in an aqueous medium, the core/shell fluorine-containing copolymer comprising a core comprising a fluorine-containing copolymer comprising a repeating unit derived from a fluoroolefin monomer and a repeating unit derived from a vinyl carboxylate monomer and having a glass transition point Tg of 40.degree. C. or more, and a shell comprising a fluorine-containing copolymer comprising a repeating unit derived from a fluoroolefin monomer and a repeating unit derived from a vinyl carboxylate monomer and having a glass transition point Tg of from -10 to 30.degree. C., the weight ratio of the core to the shell being from 20/1 to 1/2.

Abstract: Inherently tacky polymerized copolymer particles are formed by emulsion polymerization for use as an PSA for marking films.

Abstract: A liquid ink composition containing organosols having side-chain or main-chain crystallizable polymeric moieties is described. The incorporation of organosols having crystallizable polymeric moieties into the ink compositions provide improved blocking resistance and improved erasure resistance when used in ink transfer, ionographic, electrographic and electrophotographic color printing or proofing processes.

Abstract: Polymer fine particles are obtained by emulsion-polymerizing one or more monomers having a carboxylate group represented by the following formula and an unsaturated group that is radical polymerizable:--COO.sup.- X.sup.+ (I)wherein in the formula (I), X.sup.+ is one species selected from the group consisting of monovalent metal ion, ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 to R.sub.5 may be the same or different, representing hydrocarbon groups having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 4 respectively. Alternatively, polymer fine particles may be obtained by performing emulsion polymerization in the presence of a compound containing the foregoing carboxylate group. In the obtained polymer fine particles, the carboxylate group is incorporated into surfaces of the fine particles by the aid of covalent bond or physical adsorption. Metallic parts such as those contained in a printer are not corroded owing to the presence of the carboxylate group on the surfaces of the fine particles.

Abstract: A fluorescent marking composition containing particles of an organic material which has a glass transition temperature of at least 30.degree. C. and an average particle size of at least 30 nm, and emitting fluorescence in a visible light range, or absorbing infrared light having a wavelength of at least 700 nm and emitting a light in an infrared wavelength range, which composition is excellent in dispersion stability, light resistance, and heat and light resistance, and provides a mark which does not bleed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to vinyl chloride copolymers, in the latex form, the particles of which are composed of a core, of an outer layer and optionally of an intermediate layer. It also relates to the process for the manufacture of this latex by seeded miscosuspension polymerization and to its applications in paints and plastisols.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of colored dispersions which comprises adding colorant, a liquid vehicle, a free radical initiator, and a stable free radical agent to a microfluidizer; heating at a temperature of from about 100 to about 160.degree. C.; and thereafter, optionally cooling.