Abstract: The present disclosure relates to epoxide containing compounds comprising three benzene units linked by bridging groups. The disclosure also relates to the production of curable epoxy resin formulations comprising said epoxide containing compounds, and their possible incorporation into composite materials such as fibre reinforced composites. Possible methods for formulating the compounds epoxide containing compounds, as described herein, are also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods for producing proppants with a nanocomposite proppant coating are provided. The methods include coating the proppant particles with a nano-reinforcing agent, a surface modifier, and a resin to produce proppants with nanocomposite proppant coating. Additionally, a proppant comprising a proppant particle and a nanocomposite proppant coating is provided. The nanocomposite proppant coating includes a nano-reinforcing agent, a surface modifier, and a resin. The nanocomposite proppant coating coats the proppant particle. Additionally, a method for increasing a rate of hydrocarbon production from a subsurface formation through the use of the proppants is provided.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a resin composition, from which a molded article having high durability, sliding property and wear resistance can be produced with a high productivity. The present invention provides a polyacetal resin composition containing 100 parts by mass of a polyacetal resin (A) and 10 parts by mass or more and 100 parts by mass or less of a glass filler (B), in which when a molded article formed of the polyacetal resin composition by molding is fractured by application of tensile force, the surface of the glass filler (B) protruding from a fractured surface of a fractured molded article is covered with a component containing the polyacetal resin (A) having an average thickness of 0.2 ?m or more and 3.0 ?m or less.

Abstract: A resin composition includes a polylactic acid resin, an alloy resin of a polycarbonate resin and an acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber-styrene resin, surface-coated red phosphorus whose surface is coated with a hydrophobic resin, and a glycerol fatty acid ester plasticizer, wherein an average coating thickness of the polylactic acid resin and the alloy resin that cover the surface-coated red phosphorus, which is obtained by observing a structure inside a molded article with a TEM in the case of forming the molded article, is 100 nm or more.

Abstract: Methods to produce pH-sensitive microparticles that have an active agent dispersed in a polymer matrix have certain advantages over microcapsules with an active agent encapsulated in an interior compartment/core inside of a polymer wall. The current invention relates to pH-sensitive microparticles that have a corrosion-detecting or corrosion-inhibiting active agent or active agents dispersed within a polymer matrix of the microparticles. The pH-sensitive microparticles can be used in various coating compositions on metal objects for corrosion detecting and/or inhibiting.

Abstract: The present invention related to (micro-or nano-) capsules that have two different functional groups on the outer shell of the particles that allow deposition onto the textile surfaces (i.e. exhibit substantivity) and subsequent covalent bonding of the particles onto the textile (i.e. are reactive towards the fiber).

Abstract: A self-repairing concrete includes urea-formaldehyde resin polymer micro-capsules, in which the urea-formaldehyde resin polymer micro-capsules are mixed for a fixed function of micro-cracks. The quality mixture ratio is: concrete/micro capsules/water=100:1-15:15-50. The manufacturing method is weighing a full amount of water in a container, adding urea-formaldehyde resin polymer micro-capsules, stirring, until fully dispersed microcapsules; pouring the water into the mixing container, adding the corresponding quality of cement; stirring; adding sand and gravel filling materials, conducting worksite watering, ? volume for each time, vibrating, and air exhausting; until the paste filling mold.

Abstract: The present invention relates to coated polyoxymethylene moldings, comprising at least one polyoxymethylene homo- or copolymer A), and also, if appropriate, further additives B), which has been coated on the surface with at least one binder C) and one formaldehyde scavenger D), wherein the binder C) used comprises a polyalkylene oxide C1 or a polyvinyl ester C2 or a graft polymer C3 composed of C1 and C2 or a mixture of these, and the formaldehyde scavenger D) used comprises at least one lysine compound.

Abstract: Provided are an encapsulated colorant, a method of preparing the same, and an ink composition including the encapsulated colorant.

Abstract: Thermosetting colored powder paints to be used in electrostatic painting processes are described. These powder paints comprise not more than 30% by weight of at least one monochromatic pigment coated with at least one aldehyde and/or ketone resin, preferably 5 to 30% by weight, and up to 95% by weight of conversion agent, preferably 70 to 95% by weight; more than 90% of the particles of said at least one coated monochromatic pigment and said conversion agent have a particle size of between 10 and 40 microns, preferably between 15 and 35 microns. The coated monochromatic pigment and the conversion agent have the same specific weight which is between 1.3 and 1.7 g/cc.

Abstract: The present invention is drawn to pigment suspensions, methods of forming pigment suspensions, and ink sets. The pigment suspension can comprise an aqueous liquid vehicle and a polymer-encapsulated pigment suspended in the liquid vehicle. The polymer-encapsulated pigment can include a pigment core, a passivation layer formed from a passivation component including an amphiphilic polymer and deposited on a surface of the pigment core, and a polymer-encapsulation layer attached to or deposited on the passivation layer.

Abstract: Phenolic resin binder systems for sand molds, used in metal casting, which improve the quality of thermally reclaimed sand, are described. The substantial or complete elimination of calcium compounds (e.g., calcium stearate and calcium hydroxide, conventionally employed as a mold lubricant and a resin curing catalyst, respectively) allows the thermally reclaimed sand to be reused over multiple thermal reclamation cycles without the adverse effects previously encountered.

Abstract: Disclosed are aqueous dispersions of polymer-enclosed particles, such as nanoparticles. Also disclosed are methods for making an aqueous dispersion of polymer-enclosed particles, polymerizable polymers useful in such a method, powder coating compositions formed from such an aqueous dispersion, substrates at least partially coated with such a composition, and reflective surfaces comprising a non-hiding coating layer deposited from such a composition.

Abstract: A self-repairing concrete includes urea-formaldehyde resin polymer micro-capsules, in which the urea-formaldehyde resin polymer micro-capsules are mixed for a fixed function of micro-cracks. The quality mixture ratio is: concrete/micro capsules/water=100:1-15:15-50. The manufacturing method is weighing a full amount of water in a container, adding urea-formaldehyde resin polymer micro-capsules, stirring, until fully dispersed microcapsules; pouring the water into the mixing container, adding the corresponding quality of cement; stirring; adding sand and gravel filling materials, conducting worksite watering, ? volume for each time, vibrating, and air exhausting; until the paste filling mold.

Abstract: Thermosetting coloured powder paints to be used in electrostatic painting processes are described. These powder paints comprise not more than 30% by weight of at least one monochromatic pigment coated with at least one aldehyde and/or ketone resin, preferably 5 to 30% by weight, and up to 95% by weight of conversion agent, preferably 70 to 95% by weight; more than 90% of the particles of said at least one coated monochromatic pigment and said conversion agent have a particle size of between 10 and 40 microns, preferably between 15 and 35 microns. The coated monochromatic pigment and the conversion agent have the same specific weight which is between 1.3 and 1.7 g/cc.

Abstract: A method of providing location dependent content to an end station using a base station. The base station receives from an end station and via a communications network, a content request, and an identifier indicative of an identity of the end station. The base station then authenticates the user or the end station using the identifier. In response to a successful authentication, the base station determines the location of the end station and determines content using the location or the content request, which is then transferred to the end station.

Abstract: An adhesive formulation comprising at least a reinforcing phase, a liquid phase and an adsorbent phase. The adsorbent phase, in particle form, has a surface coating which renders the adsorbent phase non-interactive and non-reactive with at least the reinforcing phase and liquid phase.

Abstract: The invention relates to a flame-resistant amino resin system, in particular a melamine formaldehyde resin system, a melamine-urea formaldehyde resin system or a urea formaldehyde resin system, having: a) a modified amino resin matrix, the primary aminoplast condensation products being present at least partially in etherified form and the modified amino resin being obtained from an amino resin melt that is essentially devoid of solvent; and b) at least one compound, which acts as the flame-resistant component, contains phosphorus and/or nitrogen and/or boron in chemically bonded form and which is present in the amino resin matrix in encapsulated form. This permits the development of an amino resin system that can be thermoplastically treated, has excellent flame-resistant properties and in addition exhibits optimal curing, processing and surface characteristics.

Abstract: A producing process of amino resin crosslinked particles includes the step of curing an emulsion of an amino resin precursor and an emulsifier in the presence of a catalyst, the amino resin precursor being a product of a reaction of an amino compound with formaldehyde, so as to prepare amino resin particles, the step of neutralizing the suspension of the amino resin particles after the curing step, and the step of heating the suspension in a temperature range of 130° C. to 230° C. after the neutralizing step. The amino resin crosslinked particles thus prepared by the condensation of the amino compound and formaldehyde generate formaldehyde in an amount of not more than 1000 ppm in a pyrolysis test and have a characteristic that a Hunter whiteness is not less than 85 percent.

Abstract: The invention relates to modified inorganic particles with a layer structure with an average particle diameter of 5 nm to 20000 nm, comprising an outer shell consisting of aminoplasts which contain, interlamellarly, multifunctional C1–C30 amino compounds of the melamine, melamine derivative, urea, urea derivative, guanidine, guanidine derivative, cyanamide, dicyandiamide, sulphonamide and/or aniline-type. The invention also relates to the production of said modified inorganic particles and to their use in thermoplastics and duroplastics.

Abstract: Multi-functional microcapsules comprising a core material including a major portion of one or more functional additives and a shell material including at least one functional additive, a method of manufacturing such multifunctional microcapsules and polymeric products incorporating such multifunctional microcapsules are provided.

Abstract: A method for microencapsulating red phosphorus in polymerized urea resorcinol formaldehyde resin is disclosed. The method entails (i) preparing an aqueous mixture containing urea, resorcinol and formaldehyde, (ii) adding hexamethylene tetramine and optionally water to the mixture to yield a stabilized mixture (iii) dispersing red phosphorus in the to the stabilized mixture (iv) adding acid to the reaction mixture, and (v) collecting the resulting encapsulated red phosphorus. The product is suitable as flame retarding agent in molding compositions.

Abstract: A process for producing amino resin particles includes: a reaction process for obtaining a reaction solution containing an amino resin precursor which is obtained by a reaction of an amino compound with formaldehyde, and having a viscosity in a range of from 2×10−2 Pa·s to 5.8×10−2 Pa·s at a temperature in a range of from 95° C. to 98° C.; an emulsion process for obtaining an emulsion by emulsifying the reaction solution; and a curing process for curing the amino resin precursor in the emulsion state by adding a catalyst to the emulsion. With this producing process, it is possible to readily produce amino resin particles with an essentially uniform particle size (narrow particle size distribution).

Abstract: Microcapsule/adhesive compositions are provided having a solids content of greater than about 40 percent. These compositions may be subsequently diluted for application to a substrate, or alternatively may be applied in undiluted form at low application rates. The compositions are economical to use, and provide surprisingly high adhesion to substrates.

Abstract: Described is a process for preparing a dispersion of microcapsules by condensing a partially methylated melamine-formaldehyde resin having a molar ratio of melamine:formaldehyde:methanol of from 1:3.0:2.0 to 1:6.0:4.0 in water in which the essentially water-insoluble material forming the capsule core is present in dispersion in the presence of an alkali metal salt of a homopolymer or copolymer of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid as protective colloid at a pH of from 3 to 6.5 by preforming the microcapsules at a temperature of from 20 to 50° C. and then curing the capsule wall of the preformed microcapsules at >50 to 100° C., which comprises adding from 5 to 100% by weight of melamine, based on the melamine-formaldehyde resin, in the course of curing. The microcapsule dispersions are formaldehyde-reduced and of low viscosity.

Abstract: A method for microencapsulating red phosphorus in polymerized urea resorcinol formaldehyde resin is disclosed. The method entails (i) preparing an aqueous mixture containing urea, resorcinol and formaldehyde, (ii) adding hexamethylene tetramine and optionally water to the mixture to yield a stabilized mixture (iii) dispersing red phosphorus in the to the stabilized mixture (iv) adding acid to the reaction mixture, and (v) collecting the resulting encapsulated red phosphorus. The product is suitable as flame retarding agent in molding compositions.

Abstract: A method for preparing encapsulated red phosphorus is disclosed. The method entails obtaining a material system that contains dispersed particulate red phosphorus having a mean particle size of 0.1 to 100 &mgr;m in an aqueous phase that comprise urea, formaldehyde and a water-soluble silicon dioxide precursor, adding to the material system a sufficient amount of acid to lower the pH to 0 to 5 and maintaining the resulting acidic system at a temperature of 80 to 120° C. for a period longer than one hour. The encapsulated red phosphorus of the invention is suitable for using as a flame retarding agent for plastics molding compositions.

Abstract: A process for modifying superabsorbent polymers is disclosed. The surface of a polymer containing hydrolyzed polyacrylonitrile in the form of particulates, is modified by crosslinking in a water/alcohol reaction mixture and in the presence of silica. The resulting product features improved absorbency under load and lesser degree of gel blocking.

Abstract: In the present method of manufacturing modified particles, a saturated vapor of a monomer B is produced in a condensing chamber, and then particles containing a monomer A, which differs from the monomer B and is polymerizable therewith, are introduced, along with an inert gas, into the condensing chamber through a particle intake. Then, a super-saturated vapor of the monomer B is created by reducing pressure using a pressurizing/depressurizing opening, thereby condensing the monomer B on the surface of the particles, and causing a polymerization reaction between the monomer A and the monomer B. With this method, spherical modified particles of uniform diameter, which include a polymer of the monomers A and B, can be obtained in a short time, by means of simple operations.

Abstract: A low viscosity high thermal conductivity polymer-based boron nitride composition and a surface-treated boron nitride material for use as a filler in this composition, and methods of preparation is described.

Abstract: Powder coating, process for the exterior coating of metal pipes, and use of the powder coating for the single-layer exterior coating of metal pipes. The powder coating comprises epoxy resins, phenolic crosslinking agents, catalysts, fillers and additives. The fillers used are crystalline silicic acids modified with glycidyl groups. The invention also relates to a process for the exterior coating of metal pipes and to use of the coatings for a single layer exterior coating of metal pipes.

Abstract: A halogen-free flame retardant epoxy resin composition containing (A) a bisphenol A type epoxy resin, (B) a curing agent, (C) red phosphorus particles each of which is covered with a covering layer, at least the outermost layer of which is formed of a resin, and (D) an inorganic filler.

Abstract: The invention relates to indicator ink compositions that contain a water-based dispersion of a phenol-formaldehyde resin, at least one colorant and an amine-terminated catalyst. These indicator ink compositions are fixed to a surface, such as by drying, and respond to specific conditions of time, temperature, humidity, pressure and the presence or absence of certain chemicals by changing color. Compositions provide a means for detecting exposure to a predetermined condition and can be fixed or otherwise attached to nearly any article or designed into patterns on materials. Exposure of the indicator ink to the specific condition, the indicator ink provides a permanent detectable record of the event. Further, by varying the amount of amine-terminated catalyst in the formulation, the specific conditions at which the indicator composition will change color can be altered. Such compositions are specifically useful for determining the effectiveness of a sterilization process.

Abstract: Additives for polymeric compositions are prepared by coating pigment with a dispersant, and thereafter dispersing the dispersant-coated pigment in a liquid nonaqeous polymeric carrier. Preferably, the dispersant-coated pigment is spray-dried. That is, most preferably, an aqueous dispersion of the pigment and dispersant is subjected to a spray-drying operation so as to obtain pigment coated with the dispersant. The dispersant-coated pigment will have an average particle size of about 5 .mu.m or greater, but is capable of breaking apart to average particle sizes of about 1 .mu.m or less when dispersed in a polymeric host material.

Abstract: A flame-retardant thermosetting resin composition comprising a thermosetting resin and from 4 to 50% by weight, based on the composition, of (1) melamine-coated ammonium polyphosphate particles and/or (2) water-insoluble ammonium polyphosphate particles obtained by crosslinking the surface of melamine-coated ammonium polyphosphate particles with a compound having a functional group capable of reacting with an active hydrogen atom belonging to an amino group of a melamine molecule in the melamine coating is disclosed. Also disclosed is a process for producing water-insoluble ammonium polyphosphate particles comprising adhering or impregnating a crosslinking agent having a functional group capable of reacting with an active hydrogen atom belonging to an amino group of a melamine molecule to or into the surface of melamine-coated ammonium polyphosphate particles and allowing a melamine in the melamine coat and the crosslinking agent to react.

Abstract: Proppants comprising a particle coated with a composition comprising bisphenol-aldehyde novolak resin, a bisphenol homopolymer or mixtures including such polymers are disclosed. Foundry sands comprising a particle coated with a composition comprising bisphenol-aldehyde novolak resin, a bisphenol homopolymer or mixtures including such polymers are disclosed. Methods of making and using these proppant particles in subterranean formations or making and using these foundry sands in foundries are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the preparation of microcapsule compositions, methods for using those microcapsule compositions, compositions containing those microcapsule compositions and microcapsules prepared by the process of the present invention.

Abstract: Polymeric compositions include a nonaqueous additive system having dispersant-coated pigments physically dispersed in a liquid nonaqueous polymeric carrier which may be added directly to a melt flow of a polymeric host material. The additive system employed in the polymeric systsms is most preferably in the form of a particulate paste which can be added in metered amounts (dosed) to a melt flow of the polymeric host material prior to being spun into filaments. By providing a number of additive systems having a number of different additive attributes, and controllably dosing one or more into the melt flow of host polymeric material, shaped objects of the polymeric material (e.g., melt-spun filaments) having different additive attributes may be produced on a continuous basis without shutting down the shaping operation.

Abstract: An epoxy resin composition for encapsulating a semiconductor, which is free from halogen and antimony and has excellent soldering crack resistance and high-temperature storage life without lowering the flame-retardancy, and which comprises as essential components (A) an epoxy resin, (B) a phenol resin curing agent, (C) a curing accelerator, (D) an inorganic filler and (E) a red phosphorus-based flame-retardant, wherein the ratio of (a) the number of epoxy groups of the epoxy resin to (b) the number of phenolic hydroxyl groups of the phenol resin curing agent ?(a)/(b)! is 0.8 to 1.2, the amount of the inorganic filler (D) contained in the epoxy resin composition is 70 to 90% by weight based on the total weight of the epoxy resin composition and the cured product of the epoxy resin composition has a glass transition temperature of 100.degree. to 160.degree. C. and a linear expansion coefficient at 25.degree. C. of 0.8 to 1.8.times.10.sup.-5 /.degree.C.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing thermosetting resin particles for powder coating use exhibiting improved anti-blocking property and workability is disclosed. The process include providing a suspension of the thermosetting resin particles in an aqueous medium and an emulsion or dispersion of a vinyl-based polymer having a relatively high Tg, respectively. The thermosetting resin particles are then treated with the emulsion while the resin particles are still suspended in or wetted with the aqueous medium to adhere the vinyl based polymer onto the resin particles forming a shell layer. The resin particles are dried and made to ready to use in the powder coating.

Abstract: A composition having enhanced fracture resistance comprising a heat curable reaction product of a fluorine-containing thermoset material and a fluorine-containing homopolymer, wherein the cured reaction product comprises the thermoset material having a plurality of discrete phases of said fluorine-containing homopolymer dispersed therein, the homopolymer phases being in the range of micron to submicron size.

Abstract: The invention relates to a colored pigment comprising a plurality of metallic or mica flakes with a plurality of polymer encapsulated pigment particles adhered to the individual flakes. The colored pigments are useful for imparting color and metallic luster to surface coatings.

Abstract: This invention involves a method of optically whitening clay minerals to transform their natural yellow tint to increased whiteness. Generally, it has been found that clay materials having low cation exchange capability can be directly reacted with very small amounts of cationic dyes, the apparent whiteness of said clay minerals being substantially increased thereby.

Abstract: Proppants comprising a particle coated with a composition comprising bisphenol-aldehyde novolak resin, a bisphenol homopolymer or mixtures including such polymers are disclosed. Foundry sands comprising a particle coated with a composition comprising bisphenol-aldehyde novolak resin, a bisphenol homopolymer or mixtures including such polymers are disclosed. Methods of making and using these proppant particles in subterranean formations or making and using these foundry sands in foundries are also disclosed.

Abstract: To produce colored particles with a 10-200 .mu.m average grain size simply, efficiently, and in high yields, in order to obtain suede-type paint constituents with excellent decorative features capable of producing finely detailed, marble-like, multi-color patterns. Water-insoluble particles and a polyvalent carboxylic acid resin with an acid value (solid-based) of about 20-120, either water-soluble or water-diffusing, are mixed in water; and after primary coated particles are formed on the surfaces of the water-insoluble particles on which the polyvalent carboxylic acid resin is adsorbed, a dispersion-stabilized emulsion resin containing a colored pigment is mixed in the dispersion liquid; and a metal salt is added to this mixture so that colored particles with an average particle size of about 10-200 .mu.m with a surface colored coating are obtained. The water-insoluble particles can be either synthetic resin particles or inorganic particles.

Abstract: A polymer material for manufacturing arcing chambers for low-voltage switchgear is characterized by a thermoplastic polymer matrix of polyamide or polyolefin which contains a cellulose material sheathed by cured melamine-formaldehyde resin.

Abstract: A method of producing easily densified high bulk fibers that have adhered particulates. The fibers have hydrogen bonding or coordinate covalent bonding functionalities, and a binder is applied to the fibers to bind the particles to the fibers. The binder has a functional group that forms a hydrogen bond or a coordinate covalent bond with the particles, and a functional group that forms a hydrogen bond with the fibers. A substantial portion of the particles that are adhered to the fibers are adhered in particulate form by hydrogen bonds or coordinate covalent bonds to the binder, and the binder is in turn adhered to the fibers by hydrogen bonds. Fibers containing particles bound by this method are easily densified.

Abstract: A fiber-reinforced resin composition, which comprises:an epoxy resin having at least two epoxy groups in the molecule,a polymerizable unsaturated group-containing epoxy compound of the following general formula [I], ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is H or CH.sub.3, R.sup.2 is an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and n is an integer of 0 to 20,a liquid carboxylic acid anhydride containing a monofunctional carboxylic acid anhydride and/or a polyfunctional carboxylic acid anhydride obtained by reacting a lower aliphatic polyhydric alcohol with a trimellitic acid or a derivative thereof,a curing promoter,a radical polymerization initiator, anda fiber,the glass transition temperature (Tg, .degree.C.) and breaking strain (E, %) of a cured product of said composition satisfying the following formulae:Tg.gtoreq.-17E+240E.gtoreq.4, andTg.gtoreq.125.

Abstract: Organic polymer surfaces are modified by contacting such surfaces with a haloester compound and a cationic compound of having a pK.sub.a >5. Preferably the organic polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyesters, aromatic polyamides, and graphitic polymers and the contacting is conducted at an elevated temperature.

Abstract: Thermoplastic molding resin composition comprising 70-95 weight % of aliphatic polyamide, 5-30 weight % of phenolic resin, and 0-20 % of semi-aromatic amorphous polyamide, and further high density polyamide composition comprising 100 parts by weight of the mixture of 60-95 parts by weight of aliphatic crystalline polyamide, 5-30 parts by weight of phenolic resin, and 200-1000 parts by weight of metal powder or metal oxide powder or inorganic filler having specific gravity of more than 2.6.