Abstract: A tyre, the tread of which comprises a rubber composition comprising at least: a diene elastomer; from 100 to 150 phr of a reinforcing inorganic filler; a poly(alkylene ester) thermoplastic resin; a plasticizing system comprising: according to a content A of between 5 and 60 phr, a hydrocarbon resin exhibiting a Tg of greater than 20° C.; according to a content B of between 5 and 60 phr, a plasticizer which is liquid at 20° C., the Tg of which is less than ?20° C.; and it being understood that A+B is greater than 40 phr. The use of a poly(alkylene ester) resin, combined in particular with high contents of filler and plasticizers, makes it possible to improve the stiffness of the tread and thus the road behaviour of the tyre, without affecting the hysteresis and thus the rolling resistance.

Abstract: The invention relates to a coating composition comprising a) a polyacrylate polyol obtainable by polymerization of olefinically unsaturated monomers wherein at least 40 weight-% of the monomers comprises linear or branched alk(en)yl or alk(en)ylene groups having at least 4 carbon atoms; b) a polyester polyol obtainable by esterification of building blocks having ester-forming functional groups wherein at least 30 weight-% of the building blocks comprises linear or branched alk(en)yl or alk(en)ylene groups with at least 4 carbon atoms per ester-forming functional group, the polyester polyol having a hydroxy value above 280 mg KOH/g and a hydroxy functionality of at least 2, and c) an isocyanate-functional crosslinker.

Abstract: Polymeric materials and products, including sheet flooring materials prepared from the polymeric materials, and processes for preparing the polymeric materials, are disclosed. The polymeric materials include a polylactic acid-based polymer in combination with plasticizer and a compatibilizer, and optionally include a filler. The polymeric material can include between about 30 to about 50 percent by weight polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene glycol, polyglycolide, ethylene vinyl acetate, polycarbonate, polycaprolactone, polyhydroxyalkanoates, or polyolefins modified with polar groups, for example, ionomers. The plasticizer is typically an epoxidized vegetable oil or esterified and epoxidized vegetable oil and is typically present in an amount of between about 10 and about 50% by weight. In some embodiments, the compatibilizer is a polyolefin modified with one or more polar functional groups, and is typically present in an amount of between about 5 and about 10% by weight.

Abstract: Polymeric materials and products, including sheet flooring materials prepared from the polymeric materials, and processes for preparing the polymeric materials, are disclosed. The polymeric materials include a polylactic acid-based polymer in combination with plasticizer and a compatibilizer, and optionally include a filler. The polymeric material can include between about 30 to about 50 percent by weight polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene glycol, polyglycolide, ethylene vinyl acetate, polycarbonate, polycaprolactone, polyhydroxyalkanoates, or polyolefins modified with polar groups, for example, ionomers. The plasticizer is typically an epoxidized vegetable oil or esterified and epoxidized vegetable oil and is typically present in an amount of between about 10 and about 50% by weight. In some embodiments, the compatibilizer is a polyolefin modified with one or more polar functional groups, and is typically present in an amount of between about 5 and about 10% by weight.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for molding a copolymer of a polyalkylene glycol terephthalate and an aromatic ester, comprising the steps of: a) preparing a solution of the copolymer in a suitable first solvent; and b) forming a gel of the solution.

Abstract: Methyl propyl ketone peroxide formulations are claimed that can be safely handled at ambient temperature, are storage stable, and give fast curing rates of unsaturated polyester resins particularly when accelerated with a complex of two different metals. The claimed products are particularly suited for thin articles and coating such as suited for use in gel coat systems. The pure ketone peroxides consist of more than 60% by weight of type-4 methyl propyl ketone peroxide and used as formulations containing sufficient amount of a non-aqueous phlegmatizer.

Abstract: A bone mineral product for use in repair of combined cartilage defects and bone defects in articulating bone joints includes porous bone mineral particles derived from natural bone having a crystal structure substantially that of natural bone and being substantially free from all endogenous organic material, the particles having at least at a surface thereof resorbable, physiologically compatible collagen II fibers wherein the weight ratio of the collagen II fibers to the porous bone mineral particles is at least about 1:40.

Abstract: A composition is provided which comprises a first component, a second component, and a compressible substance in which the first component comprises a peroxide, a liquid which comprises water, and a solid particulate; and the second component comprises a polymer, a crosslinking agent, and a solid particulate. The composition can further comprises a sugar. Also disclosed is a process that can be used for preventing a grouting composition from becoming limp. The process comprises combining a grouting composition with a compressible substance in which the composition comprises a first component and a second component as disclosed above.

Abstract: An composition is provided which comprises a first component and a second component in which the first component comprises a peroxide, a liquid which comprises water, a sugar, and a solid particulate; and the second component comprises a polymer, a crosslinking agent, and a solid particulate. Also disclosed are processes for reducing fluid loss in a grouting composition and for anchoring a reinforcing member in a hole using the composition disclosed above.

Abstract: A thermoplastic resin having such a sufficient heat shock resistance that it is unbroken by common temperature changes when applied to an insert molded article, which is obtained by blending a thermoplastic polyester resin (A) with 1-25% by weight to the total amount of the composition of an impact resistance giving agent (B), 1-50% by weight to the total amount of the composition of an inorganic filler (C) and 0.1-10% by weight to the total amount of the composition of an aromatic polyvalent carboxylate (D).

Abstract: Curable compositions for making fibre-reinforcement structural composites such as GRP comprise an unsaturated polyester resin base, a co-polymerizable monomer and preferably, one or more performance-enhancing additives. Thixotropy is endowed by 5% by weight or less of an organic amide.

Abstract: The proposed process for bonding together two substrates with an anhydrous or low-water-content partially crystalline adhesive which is solid at room temperature is characterized in that the adhesive is first activated by internal and/or external friction. The substrates are then joined together with the adhesive between them. When allowed to stand, the structure attains its final strength after a period of between a few seconds to a few days. The friction destroys the crystalline structure and causes the adhesive to become gluey, and re-crystallization gives it its final strength and eliminates the gluey quality. The adhesive is based preferably on polyester or polyurethane and used preferably in the form of a gum stick without impermeable packaging. It is especially suitable for bonding paper, since it does not cause corrugation.

Abstract: A crosslinking composition including, (a) a major amount of a high molecular weight linear oligomer with at least one functional group and a number average molecular weight per functional group of at least about 1000; (b) a crosslinking agent reactive with the functional groups of the high molecular weight linear oligomer; and (c) a low molecular weight di-(poly)-functional compound having a number average molecular weight per functional group of less than about 400, the functional groups of the low molecular weight di-(poly)-functional compound also being reactive with the cross-linking agent. Crosslinking of the high molecular weight oligomer in the presence of a small amount of the low molecular weight di-(poly)-functional compound provides a crosslinked composition displaying an improved balance of hardness and flexibility.

Abstract: Unsaturated polyester resin-based compositions that are modified for unexpected improvement in uniform, low optical distortion and/or improved tint speed by the addition of one or more additives selected from an allylic ester and/or an acrylic monomer, together with an exotherm depressant, making the modified polyester resin-based composition commercially viable for casting ophthalmic lenses. The additive(s) and exotherm depressant are useful to modify the polyester for sufficient enhancement of optical distortion and/or tint speed such that any unsaturated polyester resin, capable of producing a clear, low color casting, will be improved sufficiently to provide a composition having the required properties for an ophthalmic lens.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an auxiliary agent for use in the synthesis of unsaturated polyester resins comprising a compound of the general formulaBCOO--A--COOB'and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of fatty acid amides, fatty acid divalent metal salts and their mixtures, whereby styrene emissions from unsaturated polyester resins are suppressed.

Abstract: The invention is a molding composition and molding process for use in the manufacture of lightweight composite vehicle parts and construction parts having smooth surfaces. The molding process may be at low pressures. The composition includes kaolin clay filler and, optionally, hydrophilic fumed silica thixotrope.

Abstract: Compatibilized blends of a biodegradable hydrophobic polyester, unmodified starch or other similar polysaccharide containing less than 1% water by weight, other biodegradable polymers that may be hydrophobic, plasticizer, and other additives. The blends are produced in the absence of water. The preferred polyester polymer is poly(.epsilon.-caprolactone) and the preferred starch is from corn. A small amount of a unique stretching agent is incorporated to provide high elongations at break, especially in film forming compositions containing a significant amount of starch. The starch is a discontinuous phase that may be completely or partially plasticized and the polyester polymer is the continuous phase. The preferred polymers have unique film forming properties and are resistant to water and moisture.

Abstract: Quickly curable unsaturated polyester composition with improved surface characteristics and stability in storage contains 20-40 weight parts of unsaturated polyester, 20-60 weight parts of vinyl monomer, 0.01-1.0 weight parts of BHT (ditertiary butyl hydroxy toluene), and 10-40 weight parts of thermoplastic resin such that the total is 100 weight parts. In addition, 0.001-0.1 weight parts of compound with effect of inhibiting polymerization at temperatures over 100.degree. C. are contained against the total of 100 weight parts. Molding materials are obtained by impregnating glass fibers with such compositions and products are obtained by curing such molding materials.

Abstract: This invention relates to a stable, low level styrene emission vinyl ester or unsaturated polyester resin composition containing a nonionic surfactant or a copolymer of maleic acid half ester of a polyethylene glycol and a monoalkenyl aromatic monomer as stabilizing agents.

Abstract: Texturized oils and oil-continuous emulsions are prepared by combining liquid oils with edible polymers. The resulting texturized oils and emulsions are gelled substances having a fat-like consistency which approximates the viscoelastic properties of solid fats, such as butter, margarine or hydrogenated vegetable oils, but contain no saturated fats. These texturized oils and emulsions can be used as a substitute for solid fats in food products and to make high-quality spreads containing reduced amounts of saturated fat.

Abstract: A curable molding material based on a dispersion of a finely divided ethylene polymer in an unsaturated polyester resin is prepared by a process in which a melt of the ethylene polymer is uniformly distributed in a melt of an unsaturated polyester in an extruder or stirred kettle.

Abstract: Texturized oils and oil-continuous emulsions are prepared by combining liquid oils with edible polymers. The resulting texturized oils and emulsions are gelled substances having a fat-like consistency which approximates the viscoelastic properties of solid fats, such as butter, margarine or hydrogenated vegetable oils, but contain no saturated fats. These texturized oils and emulsions can be used as a substitute for solid fats in food products and to make high-quality spreads containing reduced amounts of saturated fat.

Abstract: This invention relates to a non-aqueous coating composition and a method for reducing the drying time of a non-aqueous coating composition by incorporating composite polymer particles having a softer, insoluble first stage and a hard second stage without adversely affecting the viscosity and pot life of the liquid coating composition and without degrading the properties of the final dry coating, including color, flexibility, impact resistance, gasoline resistance, salt spray resistance and humidity resistance.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.8 cycloalkyl or C.sub.7 -C.sub.9 phenylalkyl, A.sub.1 and A.sub.4 are phenyl, ##STR2## or phenyl which is substituted by 1 to 3 radicals R.sub.3, which radicals R.sub.3 are each independently of one another selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkoxy, C.sub.3 -C.sub.4 alkenyloxy, C.sub.7 -C.sub.9 phenylalkoxy, C.sub.5 -C.sub.8 cycloalkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkanoyloxy, C.sub.3 -C.sub.18 alkenoyloxy, benzoyloxy, phenoxy and hydroxy, m is 1 or 2, A.sub.2 and A.sub.3, together with the linking carbon atom, form a C.sub.5 -C.sub.7 cycloalkylidene ring which is unsubstituted or substituted by 1 to 3 C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl groups, are very suitable for stabilising organic materials against thermal, oxidative or light-induced degradation.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel suppressants for unsaturated polyester styrenated resins resulting in lower emission of volatile compounds in the production of the polyester resins.

Abstract: A sheet molding composition is disclosed which includes a four component resinous system which comprises (a) an unsaturated polyester comprising a polycondensation product of one or more dihydric alcohols and one or more ethylenically unsaturated polycarboxylic acids; (b) one or more low-profile additives which are thermoplastic polymers which cause phase separation and porosity during the curing reaction; (c) one or more olefinically unsaturated monomers which copolymerize with the unsaturated polyester; and, (d) one or more compatible components comprising at least one compound containing one or more polyoxyethane substituents. The compatible component remains compatible when the polyester and monomer cure and imparts improved surface characteristics when added to low-profile resin systems.

Abstract: Texturized oils and oil-continuous emulsions are prepared by combining liquid oils with edible polyester polymers. The resulting texturized oils and emulsions are gelled substances having a fat-like consistency which approximates the viscoelastic properties of solid fats, such as butter, margarine or hydrogenated vegetable oils, but contain no saturated fats. These texturized oils and emulsions can be used as a substitute for solid fats in food products and to make high-quality spreads containing reduced amounts of saturated fat.

Abstract: Citrate ester compositions which are useful as compatible components in a resinous system for sheet molding compositions and have a general formula ##STR1## wherein X is selected from the group consisting of --OC.sub.3 H.sub.6).sub.3 --OCH.sub.3 and OH are disclosed. Also disclosed is a sheet molding composition which includes a four component resinous system comprising (a) an unsaturated polyester comprising a polycondensation product of one or more dihydric alcohols and one or more ethylenically unsaturated polycarboxylic acids; (b) one or more low-profile thermoplastic polymer additives which cause phase separation and internal voids during the curing reaction; (c) one or more olefinically unsaturated monomers which copolymerize with the unsaturated polyester; and, (d) one or more compatible components which remain compatible when the polyester and monomer cure and impart improved surface characteristics when added to typical low-profile resin systems.

Abstract: A sheet molding composition is disclosed which includes a four component resinous system which comprises (a) an unsaturated polyester comprising a polycondensation product of one or more dihydric alcohols and one or more ethylenically unsaturated polycarboxylic acids; (b) one or more low-profile additives which are thermoplastic polymers which cause phase separation and porosity during the curing reaction; (c) one or more olefinically unsaturated monomers which copolymerizes with the unsaturated polyester; and, (d) one or more compatible components containing one or more polyoxyethane substituents. The compatible components remain compatible when the polyester and monomer cure and impart improved surface characteristics when added to typical low-profile resin systems.

Abstract: A two-component type adhesive agent, comprising a polyvalentepoxy compound and an aqueous liquid of an amino group-containing polymer obtained by modifying a carboxyl group-containing polymer with an alkylene imine and possessed of an activated hydrogen atom.

Abstract: A process for forming flat plate ballistic resistant composites which includes impregnating a low-alkali magnesia-aluminum-silicate glass fiber woven roving with an impregnating composition. The impregnating composition includes a resin solution of a polyester resin in a polymerizable monomeric solvent a free radical catalyst and optionally, a thickening agent and further optionally a flame retardant material. The impregnated woven roving is cured in a molding unit at a temperature of about 225.degree.-255.degree. F. for a sufficient period of time and at a sufficient pressure to allow the impregnated woven roving to substantially conform to the mold unit. The temperature and pressure used are sufficient to maintain the exothermic temperature at about 300.degree. F. or below and to catalytically crosslink the polyester resin and monomeric solvent.

Abstract: A coating composition is described that is comprised of (1) polyacrylate fibers, (2) at least one monomer which forms an acrylic polymer, (3) styrene monomer, (4) unsaturated polyester resin, (5) a polymerization inhibitor (to prevent premature polymerization prior to application), and (6) an inert carrier in which each acrylic polymer-forming monomer and the styrene monomer are soluble. The inert carrier described and the miscible/soluble components form a medium wherein polyacrylate fiber suspension is easily achieved and maintained. The coating composition can be used as a base coat or primer without need for finishing prior to application of an overcoat of paint.

Abstract: Synthetic granite and/or marble is made from organic polymer based syrup and inorganic based paticulate. The particulate is made from naturally occurring minerals, baked to cause fusion of ingredients, crushed and placed into the organic syrup. Suitable catalyst is added. After cure the product has a granite or mable appearance and may be further processed as would naturally occurring granite or marble, or as would other commercially available rock be processed.

Abstract: A pigment dispersion of enhanced viscosity and heat stability characteristics for use in coating systems is provided. The pigment dispersions generally comprise a pigment carrier, a pigment of the type having a hydrophilic surface, and a surfactant functional as a dispersant in a relatively non polar matrix and which is present on the surface of the pigment in an effective amount. Pigment carriers include water-based carriers and organic solvent-based carriers. Finished coatings having improved viscosity and heat stability are also provided. The finished coatings comprise a coating base and the surfactant treated pigments. Such pigments include iron oxide pigments yellow iron oxide pigment, black iron oxide pigment, divalent ferrite pigments, zinc ferrite pigment, and magnesium ferrite pigment. Such surfactants include trimethylol propane, and trimethylol ethane.

Abstract: The invention relates to a thermosetting composition comprisingA: 30-65 parts by weight of unsaturated polyester with a molar mass per double bond of 142-500B: 25-55 parts by weight of ethylenically unsaturated monomerC: 3-35 parts by weight of slightly ethylenically unsaturated polyesterD: 0-750 parts by weight of filler, fibrous material and, if so desired, other usual additives, characterized in that as as slight ethylenically unsaturated polyester an unsaturated polyester is used which has a molar mass per double bond of 1200-20,000 and an acid number of 5-50, and in which between 50 and 90% of the unsaturation consists of a terminal monoester of a .alpha., .beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid. The composition presents little or no shrinkage in setting.

Abstract: A process for improving the flame retardancy, hygroscopic, soil release and other properties of a polymer substrate is provided in which the substrate is contacted with a suitable aqueous mixture containing a water-soluble monomer and an organic halogen-containing hydrophobic carrier compound at a temperature of between about 40.degree. C. to 100.degree. C. Polymerization of the monomer is thereafter initiated by a chemical or physical initiator to form a polymer evenly disposed on the substrate. The flame retardancy, hygroscopic, soil release and other surface properties of the substrate are thereby improved. The mixture may be in the form of an emulsion wherein the hydrophobic carrier compound is emulsified by an appropriate agent. The invention also pertains to the improved substrates prepared in accordance with the present process.

Abstract: A composition for reducing styrene monomer emissions in DCPD resins, while maintaining good interlaminate adhesion, comprising,(a) 0.001 to 1.0% by weight of a paraffin,(b) 0.001 to 3.0% by weight of an intermediate bonding promoter comprising the reaction product of(i) a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid containing 5 to 30, and preferably 10 to 20 carbon atoms,(ii) a mono- or diepoxy compound,(c) 0.0 to 10% by weight of alpha-methyl styrene, and(d) 0.0 to 1.0% by weight of a copper salt,wherein said composition results in styrene emission rates of 60 grams/square meter or less measured one hour after gelation, and retains at least 80% to 90% of the interlaminate adhesion properties of an unmodified resin.

Abstract: A method of producing an emulsion polymer which comprises adding a polymerizable monomer to an emulsion polymer containing a high-molecular-weight compound having a weight average molecular weight of 20,000 to 2,000,000 as a seed polymer, the amount of the unsaturated monomer being 1.5 to 9.5 times the total volume of the solids in the emulsion polymer, and thereafter, polymerizing the monomer in the presence of a film-forming aid.

Abstract: A process for producing a lactone polymer which comprises reacting an ester compound synthesized from an alcohol and an acid or acid anhydride thereof with a lactone and a ring-opening polymerization initiator without being accompanied by condensation. The thus produced lactone polymer is effective for preventing shrinkage of thermosetting resins, particularly unsaturated polyester resins.

Abstract: A process is provided for manufacturing ballistic resistant composites of an isophthalic thermoset polyester and woven roving made of magnesia aluminosilicate glass fibers. An impregnating solution is provided whereby prepregs can be conveniently formed and then vacuum bag molded. The ingredients i the impregnating solution are critically selected to provide prescribed viscosities after the elapse of certain periods of time and thereby allow the final articles to be formed in an economical and expedient manner.

Abstract: Pigmented high solid coating compositions are produced with reduced viscosities by the addition of at least one silane and at least one titanate.

Abstract: Colored unsaturated polyesters having copolymerized therein lignin and lignin derivatives which condense during polymerization into the polyester chain are disclosed. The lignin moieties are thermally stable at the polymer processing temperature and are nonextractable from the polymer making these colored polyesters suitable for use in bathroom fixtures, boats, certain automotive applications and the like.

Abstract: Pigmented high solid coating compositions are produced with reduced viscosities by the addition of at least one silane and at least one titanate.

Abstract: A lactone-modified hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate solution comprising 30 to 95 parts by weight of a lactone-modified hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate represented by the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R is CH.sub.3 or H, and n is an integer of from 3 to 20, and 5 to 70 parts by weight of a solvent selected from the group consisting of toluene, xylene, an acetic acid ester and a mixture thereof is disclosed. The solution of the invention is homogeneous at room temperature.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the discovery and development of a novel class of phase stabilization additives for thermoset polyester resins. The use of these materials imparts improved glass read out and superior homogeneity when compared to art-disclosed systems thus producing an overall improved Class A quality thermoset polyester resin surface finish for a variety of products.The phase-stabilizing agents or additives of the present invention comprise a select group of compounds from three classes: fatty acids, dimer acids, and polyester polyols. More specifically, the phase-stabilizing agents of the present invention comprises a compound selected from the group consisting of:(i) a saturated or unsaturated C.sub.5 to C.sub.28 fatty acid;(ii) a C.sub.20 to C.sub.54 dimer acid or trimer acid; or(iii) a polyester polyol having an average molecular weight of about 200 to about 6,500.

Abstract: Bisimide resins having improved fracture toughness and resistance to microcracking comprise a mixture of,(a) a bisimide of the general formula (I) ##STR1## in which B represents a divalent radical containing a carbon-carbon double bond and A is a divalent radical containing at least two carbon atoms and(b) a polyisocyanate of the general formula (II)D(NCO).sub.x (II)in which x has a value of between 2 and 4 and D stands for an x-valent radical.

Abstract: Polyester laminating compositions useful in the production of polyester laminates with improved interlaminar adhesion and a method of preparing same are described. The polyester laminating compositions include as adhesion promoters a polyvinyl acetate component or a polyvinyl acetate component in combination with at least one salt of a long chain polyaminoamide and a high molecular weight ester.

Abstract: There is disclosed thickened, low shrinkage polyester molding compositions having improved pigmentation. The improved pigmentation in thickenable polyester molding compositions containing a carboxylated vinyl ester polymer low profile additive is achieved either by incorporating a surfactant in the composition, by using as the low profile additive a vinyl acetate/maleic acid copolymer, or by a combination of the two methods.

Abstract: This invention relates to free-radical curable, styrene-containing resin compositions having reduced styrene emissions. More particularly, the invention relates to free-radical curable, styrene-containing resin compositions having reduced styrene emissions comprising: (a) a polymerizable alpha, beta-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylate resin, which is dissolved in styrene; (b) a paraffin wax; and (c) a fluorocarbon surfactant.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polybutylene terephthalate resin composition, having performance of high durability and the like in a cold cycle environment, and having high strength. Specifically, relative to 100 parts by weight of a polybutylene terephthalate resin (A) having 30 meq/kg or less of the amount of terminal carboxyl groups, there are added a carbodiimide compound (B) in an amount of 0.3 to 1.5 equivalents of the carbodiimide functional group when the amount of carboxyl terminal group in the polybutylene terephthalate resin (A) is set as 1, 20 to 100 parts by weight of a fibrous filler (C), and 5 to 15 parts by weight of an elastomer (D).