Abstract: A process for making a composite article having improved mechanical properties such as fatigue life, which process comprises contacting at least one continuous filament with a mixture comprising a resin and a strain relieving polymer.

Abstract: An unsaturated polyester resin characterized by high performance electrical, physical and mechanical properties and useful in the electronic and microwave industries, and a process for preparing such a resin.

Abstract: A low-profile additive composition is disclosed which comprises ethylene glycol, at least one nonpolar diol, adipic acid and trimellitic anhydride. The low-profile additive, when included in an unsaturated polyester resin systems, for use in making sheet molding compositions, provides improved processing characteristics such as viscosity thickening plateau, paste viscosity and phase separation during maturation when the unsaturated polyester.

Abstract: An unsaturated polyester molding compound of which viscosity at 25.degree. C. is about 10.sup.7 centipoise or more, containing (1) glass fiber of about 0.05 to 3 mm in length, (2) 4-methyl-2,4-diphenylpentene-1, and (3) a transparent filler can give glossy, transparent, thick, profile articles without cracking even at high temperatures. Therefore, the molding compound is used advantageously for production, for example, of bathtubs, kitchen counters, and lavatory and dressing tables.

Abstract: This disclosure addresses resin systems which contain thermosetting materials and thermoplastic modifiers, the resin systems being formed by dispersing particles of thermoplastic solids in the thermosetting materials, the particles being soluble in the resins at temperatures below the resin system gelation temperature. According to this disclosure, the systems are improved by the use of a blend of two types of thermoplastic material--a high glass transition temperature thermoplastic such as a poly(benzophenone-imide) and a high toughness thermoplastic such as a poly(ether-imide). By appropriate adjustment of the relative amounts of these two thermoplastics, resin system properties such as toughness, service temperature, thermal stability and solvent resistance can be adjusted to optimum levels.

Abstract: A motor vehicle headlamp reflector is of a thermosetting plastics material. The reinforcing material constitutes a proportion by weight of 10% to 25% of the total weight of the material, the reinforcing material comprising 50% to 95% by weight of fibrous material such as glass fibre, together with 5% to 50% by weight of wollastonite. The proportions are preferably 60% to 70% glass fibre and 30% to 40% wollastonite.

Abstract: A photocurable compound prepared as a starting material by incorporation therein of a composition comprising a fluorescein compound photoreducing dye, tribenzylamine, and at least one specific peroxide permits production of a shaped article which, on exposure to visible light, exhibits high curability and acquires hardness virtually indiscriminately on the obverse and reverse sides of the article. A mixture comprising both or either of an unsaturated polyester resin and an epoxy acrylate resin which are photocurable compounds, glass fibers, and a specific peroxide, is convenient for the production of specific cured shaped articles particularly by the filament winding technique or the drawing technique.

Abstract: Thermosetting resins for use in high performance fiber-reinforced composites are toughened without compromising their processability by the inclusion of micron-sized particles of thermoplastic material which are solid at ambient temperatures but solubilize in the resins at a temperature below the gel temperature of the thermosetting resin. By appropriate selection of the solubilization temperature (or temperature range) of the thermoplastic material, one achieves a composite product having intralaminar or interlaminar toughness emphasized or a combination of both. The invention is of particular utility when applied to bismaleimide resin systems.

Abstract: A resin composition comprising (a) an unsaturated polyester, (b) a vinyl monomer, (c) a thermoplastic resin, (d) a curing agent and (e) a hollow filler with a number average particle diameter of not more than 20 .mu., wherein (e) occurs in a proportion of 10 to 150 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight of (a), (b) and (c) combined, and the molding compounds obtainable by impregnating glass fiber with the said resin composition are very useful in that, because of their lower specific gravity, they provide lightweight products with excellent surface quality which are great use as automotive exterior body panels and other parts.

Abstract: The invention relates to a moulding compound based on thermosetting resin material and optionally fibers, fillers, curing catalysts and further usual additives, and is characterized in that the moulding compound comprises a mixture of at least two thermosetting resins of which a first resin is in a partly cured state, and of which a second resin is not, or less than the first resin in a partly cured state.

Abstract: A composition comprising a blend of (a) at least one polymer of branched higher alpha-olefin; (b) at least one polyester; and (c) glass fiber is provided. The composition may optionally additionally contain at least one carboxylated polyolefin. A method for making that composition is also provided.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing molded parts from a polyester-based curable molding composition which includes a thermostetting unsaturated polyester resin, an ethylenically unsaturated monomer which is copolymerizable with the unsaturated polyester resin to provide crosslinking, a thermoplastic low profile additive material for shrinkage control and in addition, at least one highly reactive olefinically unsaturated crosslinkable monomer, this highly reactive olefinically unsaturated material being selected from the group consisting of:a) the di-acrylate or methacrylate of a diol selected from the group consisting of hexane diols, neopentyl glycol, butylene glycol, diethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, and tripropylene glycol;b) the tri-acrylate or methacrylate of trimethylol propane;c) the tetra-acrylate or methacrylate of pentaerythritol;d) the di-acrylate or methacrylate of an ethoxylated Bis Phenol A;e) the acrylate or methacrylate of isobornyl alcohol; andf) divinyl benzene.

Abstract: Novel silicone acrylate polymers and a method for their preparation is disclosed. These polymers are formed from silicone acrylates, silicone diacrylates, or mixtures with organic acrylates. The copolymer formed from the reaction mixture of silicone acrylates and organic acrylates is useful in enhancing glass reinforced polyesters.

Abstract: This invention relates to thermotropic liquid crystalline polyester compositions containing recurring units derived from 2-methylhydroquinone, terephthalic acid, 2,6-napthalenecarboxylic acid, and hydroquinone, characterized as having a heat distortion temperature of greater than 200.degree. C. and improved elongation. The inclusion of a reinforcing/filling agent selected from the group consisting of glass reinforcing agents, glass fillers, carbon metasilicate, calcium carbonate, talc, titanium dioxide, and calcined aluminum silicate in said compositions, and also in those same compositions lacking recurring units of hydroquinone, results in an improvement in the elongation of said compositions. The inclusion of carbon fiber into these compositions results in no significant decrease in the elongation of said compositions. The compositions are useful as films, fibers, and shaped articles.

Abstract: Granules of glass flakes which comprise glass flakes in granular form and a binder which bonds the glass flakes to one another to form granules. The granules are used together with a molten thermoplastic resin.

Abstract: A polyester resin and reinforcement composite for use in the manufacture of glass fiber-reinforced polyester products is disclosed. The composite is prepared using an initiator which has been microencapsulated in order to prevent initiator-induced cross-linking of the resin reactants. The initiator is released during the molding of the composite by rupture of the microcapsules due to internal vapor pressure developed at a preselected temperature. The encapsulation of the initiator increases the storage life and temperature stability of the composites prior to molding. The encapsulation of the initiator also provides improved homogeneity and increased flowability of the composites during molding, an enables the provision of molded polyester products having higher degrees of cure and more defect-free finish surfaces.

Abstract: New shrinkage control agents, for unsaturated polyester resin systems, which are copolymers of vinyl versatate and vinyl acetate, i.e., poly(vinyl versatate-co-vinyl acetate). The shrink control agents are useful both with neat and filled unsaturated polyester resin systems. The shrink control agents are especially useful under conditions where the unsaturated polyester resin system is cured at or below ambient temperatures.

Abstract: A quickly curable unsaturated polyester composition with high surface quality contains an unsaturated polyester, a vinyl monomer, either an alkane polyol polyacrylate or an alkane polyol polymethylacrylate, a thermoplastic resin, and one or more curing catalysts selected from t-butylperoxy benzoate, t-butylperoxy octoate and 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(benzoilperoxy) hexane. Molding compounds are obtained by impregnating glass fibers with such composition and molded products obtained by curing such molding material have improved surface smoothness.

Abstract: This invention relates to a molding material composed of a liquid thermosetting resin composition containing styrene monomer as a cross-linking component thereof and chopped glass fiber strands which can give a large molded product having high impact strength in high productivity and a method for manufacture thereof characterized by using glass fiber strands such that the number of glass filaments used in the glass fiber strands falls in the range of 600 to 1,400 per strand, the amount of a binder deposited on the glass fibers is not less than 1.0% by weight, and the percentage of styrene monomer insoluble binder falls in the range of 40 to 90% by weight.

Abstract: A moulding composition comprises a fibrous reinforcement, an ethylenically unsaturated, essentially amorphous, polymer, a cross-linking agent copolymerizable therewith and, as a thickener and low profile/shrinkage control agent, a crystalline saturated polyester which(a) has a number average molecular weight of from 700-10,000 inclusive,(b) has a melting point within a range of from 50.degree.-140.degree. C. inclusive, and(c) is soluble in an equal weight of the cross-linking agent at 100.degree. C. and yet insoluble therein at 30.degree. C.

Abstract: A molding additive composition comprising a mixture of low profile additive and a surfactant additive containing a silicon-oxyalkylene copolymer flow control agent and surface modifying agent; and a molding composition comprising a polyester molding resin, a low profile additive, a silicon-oxyalkylene copolymer flow control agent and surface modifying agent and a crosslinking monomer. In another embodiment, the invention embraces a molding composition comprising a polyester molding resin, a crosslinking monomer, a low profile additive, a reinforcing fiber, and a silicon-oxyalkylene copolymer flow control agent and surface modifying agent.

Abstract: A polyarylene sulfide resin composition comprising a composition obtainable by a reaction of a polymer composition comprising(A) 100 parts by weight of a polyarylene sulfide resin,(B) 0.1 to 40 parts by weight of a monomer having one or more ethylenic unsaturated bonds and(C) 0 to 40 parts by weight of an unsaturated polyester. In the polyarylene sulfide resin composition of the present invention, a polymer produced by polymerization of the monomer or the monomer and unsaturated polyester, as compared with a resin composition wherein said polymer is simply blended, is in a state wherein it is uniformly mixed with the polyarylene sulfide resin and if necessary a filler. In other words, said polymer is uniformly dispersed in and mixed with the polyarylene sulfide resin to such a degree that the composition shows no phase separation even if it is passed through molding processes such as extrusion molding, injection molding, etc. carried out under normal conditions.

Abstract: A polyarylene sulfide resin composition comprising a resin composition obtainable by polymerizing 40 to 0.1 part by weight of an unsaturated polyester and 0.01 to 30 parts by weight of a monomer having one or more ethylenic unsaturated bonds in the presence of 100 parts by weight of a composition comprising 1 to 99 wt. % of a polyarylene sulfide resin and 99 to 1 wt. % of a thermoplastic polyester. Since the polyarylene sulfide resin composition of the present invention is in a state wherein the polyarylene sulfide resin and thermoplastic polyester are uniformly mixed, the constituent components are uniformly dispersed and mixed to such a degree that the composition shows no phase separation even if it is passed through molding processes such as extrusion molding, injection molding, etc. carried out under normal conditions.

Abstract: Thermoplastic molding compositions based on thermoplastic polyesters (a.sub.1), graft polymers incorporating acrylate rubbers as grafting base (a.sub.2) and a two-shell graft sheath, copolymers of aromatic vinyl monomers and acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile (a.sub.3) and glass fibers (B) have a balanced range of properties.

Abstract: The invention relates to fiber-reinforced unsaturated polyester resin compositions comprising an unsaturated polyester (A) obtained from a dicarboxylic acid containing unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or its anhydride, or an anhydride of the dicarboxylic acid and a polyhydric alcohol, a polyisocyanate (B), a polymerizable vinyl monomer (C), and a fiber (D), which produce molded articles having excellent impact resistance and improved moldability.

Abstract: A thickened moulding composition comprises fibrous reinforcement, an ethylenically unsaturated polymer, a monomer copolymerizable therewith and a crystalline unsaturated polyester having a glycol component derived from at least two symmetrical glycols.Preferably, the crysatlline polyester has a molecular weight per double bond of no more than about 210 and a melting point of from 50.degree.-115.degree. C.

Abstract: The process for producing a plastic-like cured woody molding, which comprises applying a pressure necessary for plasticizing at least a woody component at temperature of from 120.degree. C. to 180.degree. C. to a composition comprising (A) an oligoesterified woody material obtained by alternately adding a polybasic acid anhydride and a monoepoxy compound having unsaturated double bond to the hydroxy groups of a woody material and (B) an oligomer obtained from a polybasic acid anhydride and a monoepoxy compound having unsaturated double bond with the addition of (C) a radical polymerization initiator to simultaneously perform the plasticization and crosslinking by the polymerization of the unsaturated double bonds. The plastic-like cured woody moldings thus obtained have dense and glossy surfaces and are particularly excellent in dimensional stability, mechanical properties and heat distortion temperature.

Abstract: A high tenacity fiber for reinforcing plastic composites, the fiber being selected from the group consisting of polyester, aliphatic polyamide, and combinations thereof. The fiber is treated with a composition comprising an aqueous solution of carboxyl-terminated, oil-free alkyd resins based on an aliphatic glycol or glycols or a glycol ether or ethers containing 2 to 12 carbon or carbon plus ether oxygens with a combination of aromatic di- or trifunctional carboxylic acids, said resins having a degree of esterification below the gel point of the resins to enhance stiffness of the fiber for cutting.

Abstract: Sheet molding compounds are thickened (or maturated) via "in situ" formation of polyureas made from aromatic primary diamines with reduced basicity and diisocyanates. The molding compounds, which can optionally contain mineral fillers such as chopped glass fiber, are generally based upon unsaturated polyester resins having a high percentage of hydroxyl end groups, polymerizable vinyl compounds such as styrene, and the like. The thickened compositions are tack-free and compression moldable after less than one day, typically after less than several hours, into permanently shaped, strong rigid articles, such as automotive body parts. A viscosity plateau is reached and maintained by the maturated compounds of the present invention for extended periods of time, e.g., several weeks.

Abstract: High-strength magnesium aluminosilicate glass fibers coated with the dried residue of a dilute aqueous sizing composition containing emulsified epoxy resin or emulsified epoxy resin solution, both 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and at least one lubricant, are compatible as reinforcing elements with unsaturated polyester, vinylester and epoxy resin matrixes.

Abstract: A curable resin composition is disclosed which comprises (A) a polymer having a (meth)acryloyl group in a side chain, (B) an unsaturated alkyd which is formed by the esterification of a polyvalent alcohol component and an .alpha.-.beta.unsaturated polybasic acid or an anhydride thereof with or without a polybasic acid, the polyvalent alcohol component comprising a phenol-modified epoxy resin which is obtained by the reaction of an epoxy group of an epoxy resin and a phenolic hydroxyl group of a phenol, or the reaction product of a polyvalent phenol compound and a monoepoxide, (C) a polymerizable monomer, and (D) a curing agent. It is suitable for underwater linings, putties, sealing materials, and the like.

Abstract: Polymer modified unsaturated polyester or polyesteramide resin polymer concrete is prepared by mixing an aggregate mixture such as gravel, sand, and silica flour with an unsaturated polyester or polyesteramide resin that is modified with hydrocarbon polymers produced by the in situ polymerization of olefinically unsaturated hydrocarbon mixtures.

Abstract: Thermosetting resin composition comprising an unsaturated thermosetting polyester resin and a thermosetting organo-silicone compound which can react with the thermosetting polyester resin by cross-linking to establish chemical bonds between the thermosetting polyester resin and the thermosetting organo-silicone compound for forming a solid polyester/organo-silicone thermoset resin product with a network of cross-linked chemical bonds. The thermosetting organo-silicone compound preferably is a thermosetting organo-silicone elastomer; the composition preferably contains a low-profile or low-shrinkage additive; and the polyester resin preferably is associated with an unsaturated monomer for cross-linking therewith. The resin composition is useful for the production of "dough" moulding compounds, sheet moulding compounds, bulk moulding compounds, high strength moulding compounds, and thick moulding compounds.

Abstract: A building material composition comprises a mixture of a styrenated unsaturated polyester with hydrated alumina at a ratio of one part by volume polyester to 0.5 to one part hydrated alumina. The mixture is cured by adding a methyl ethyl Ethyl ketone peroxide as a catalyst. Other ingredients, such as dry clean sand, perlite, and/or calcium carbonate may be added to the mixture prior to the addition of the catalyst. The resulting composition exhibits superior strength characteristics as a building material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the grafting of unsaturated monomers to the surface of glass substrates. The process comprises applying to the glass substrates a solution comprising a silane having a double ethylene bond, contacting the products thus coated with an atmosphere formed by a mixture of ozone and oxygen, and placing these coated products in contact with an unsaturated organic monomer. The monomer may be added in the form of a solution, an emulsion or a suspension. The products thus obtained may have a number of technical applications.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition of polymerizable resins reinforced with cut yarns of different lengths, such as glass yarns, and a process for its production. This composition comprises at least a representative of each of the following constituents: an unsaturated polyester, a thermoplastic polymer, a monomer liquid substance having at least a polymerizable reactive CH.sub.2 .dbd.C< group per molecule, an inert filler and optionally a thickening agent, a catalyst, an inhibitor and a releasing agent, the cut yarns being in the dispersed state in filament form for the longest ones, with the shortest yarns remaining in state of yarn formed from a multiplicity of filaments glued together. The process steps include making the mixture of the organic constituents and successively incorporating therein first the yarns previously coated with an insoluble lubricant, then the yarns coated with a lubricant which is soluble in the mixture.

Abstract: This invention relates to optimum formulation regions of reinforced thermosetting resin composites incorporating substantially increased filler loadings which have been found to retain the impact strength of formulation regions with substantially less filler loadings. The reinforced thermosetting resin composite of this invention comprises(a) 15 to 23 weight percent resin matrix selected from the group consisting of polyester and epoxy,(b) 5 to 25 equivalent weight percent fiber reinforcement, said fiber reinforcement comprising 0 to 80 volume percent glass fiber and 100 to 20 volume percent high tenacity reinforcing organic fiber selected from the group consisting of polyester and polyamide, and(c) 80 to 52 weight percent inert filler.

Abstract: Processes for the preparation of random-fiber thermoset composite sheets by employing a latent curing agent thermoset resin formulation or a coreactant thermoset system such that uncured thermoset composite sheets are formed which can be subsequently formed and cured into articles of manufacture.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the discovery and development of a novel class of phase stabilization additives for thermoset polyester resins. The use of these materials imparts improved glass read out and superior homogeneity when compared to art-disclosed systems thus producing an overall improved Class A quality thermoset polyester resin surface finish for a variety of products.The phase-stabilizing agents or additives of the present invention comprise a select group of compounds from three classes: fatty acids, dimer acids, and polyester polyols. More specifically, the phase-stabilizing agents of the present invention comprises a compound selected from the group consisting of:(i) a saturated or unsaturated C.sub.5 to C.sub.28 fatty acid;(ii) a C.sub.20 to C.sub.54 dimer acid or trimer acid; or(iii) a polyester polyol having an average molecular weight of about 200 to about 6,500.

Abstract: A strong, fiberglass reinforced plastic material with fire retardant additive for use as a traffic sign blank material is described. The material is formed from a well balanced mixture of unsaturated polyester resin, halogenated polyester resin, inorganic fire retardant filler, monomer cross-linking agent and fiberglass reinforcement.

Abstract: Disclosed is a resin composition which comprises a mixture of a polyester, an acrylate urethane, in about stoichiometric proportion with the polyester up to about 10% excess polyester over stoichiometric, and a liquid acrylate reactive diluent sufficient to give the resin composition the viscosity of less than 5,000 centipoise. The polyester resin is the reaction product of a polyhydroxy compound having at least three hydroxyl groups, and an aromatic compound that is at least difunctional in acid, anhydride, or ester groups, where the proportion of the polyhydroxy compound to the aromatic compound is such that the polyester has about 150 to about 250 mole % excess hydroxyl groups. The acrylate urethane compound is the reaction product of a hydroxy acrylate and an isocyanate having at least two isocyanate groups, where the hydroxy acrylate and a hydroxy acrylate having a single hydroxyl group are equimolar (when a diisocyanate is used) with the isocyanate .+-.10 mole %.

Abstract: Polyester laminating compositions useful in the production of polyester laminates with improved interlaminar adhesion and a method of preparing same are described. The polyester laminating compositions include as adhesion promoters a polyvinyl acetate component or a polyvinyl acetate component in combination with at least one salt of a long chain polyaminoamide and a high molecular weight ester.

Abstract: Elastomers reinforced with fibrous composite materials and having improved properties are obtained if the strengthening means used are composite materials based on reinforcing fibres and reactive resins which are coated with adhesion promoters based on polyisocyanates.

Abstract: Compositions of a vinylized epoxy resin, sized glass fibers and a complexing agent exhibit reduced fiber prominence upon curing with a metal composition than when employing no complexing agent.

Abstract: Described herein are curable molding compositions comprising a mixture of:(a) an unsaturated polyester;(b) acrylic or methacrylic acid or a functionalized derivative thereof having a molecular weight of less than 300;(c) an ethylenically unsaturated monomer which is soluble in and copolymerizable with (a) and (b) and which is different from (b); and(d) one or more fibers with a melting point or a glass transition temperature above about 130.degree. C.

Abstract: This invention discloses a creep resistant thermoset molding composition which is of particular value as a material from which wheels can be made. The creep resistant molding composition of this invention is comprised of a mixture of a vinyl ester resin and a dicyclopentadiene polyester resin.

Abstract: High impact, high modulus thermoplastic molding compositions comprising:(a) a linear polyester;(b) a fibrous reinforcing agent essentially free of any sizing agent; and(c) a small amount of a polysiloxane having a substantial content of Si-H bonds.

Abstract: An elastomer-modified unsaturated polymer comprises an unsaturated polyester or vinyl ester polymer modified by a low molecular weight elastomer. The elastomer has terminal groups provided by an epoxy resin which render it compatible with the unsaturated polymer. These elastomer-modified unsaturated polymers are useful for providing resin compositions which include a cross-linking agent for the unsaturated polymer. The elastomer is soluble in the resin composition, which is curable to provide an unsaturated resin matrix having particles of the modifying elastomer dispersed therein.

Abstract: This invention relates to radiation hardenable primers based on prepolymers containing (meth) acryloyl groups and conventional auxiliary agents. The primers are characterized in that they contain organic and/or inorganic fibres having a fibre length distribution curve reaching its maximum in the region of from 50 to 600 .mu.m. These primers are suitable for coating articles which have absorbent surfaces, in particular for the continuous coating of wood-concrete articles such as wood-concrete boards.

Abstract: Improved surface characteristics of sheet molding compounds are obtained by employing defined amounts of resin, glass and filler in the formulation comprising the appearance side and the reinforcing side of molded objects.