Abstract: A method of producing a carboxyl group-containing nitrile rubber including a coagulation step of coagulating a carboxyl group-containing nitrile rubber component by mixing a monovalent metal salt and a polymer flocculating agent into a carboxyl group-containing nitrile rubber latex having an iodine value of 120 or less, wherein the monovalent metal salt is compounded in an amount of 3 to 25 parts by weight and the polymer flocculating agent is compounded in an amount of 0.

Abstract: A molding composition formulation is provided that includes polypropylene, glass fiber, and a cellulosic powder used as a filler. The filler may be at least one of coconut shell powder, walnut shell powder, or rice hull. The molding composition formulation may further include natural cellulosic fiber illustratively including at least one of coconut fibers, bamboo fibers, sugar cane fibers, or banana skin fibers. The molding composition may be compression moldable long fiber thermoplastic (LFTD). The molding composition formulation may be used in thermoforming. In a specific embodiment of the molding composition, the formulation proportion of the polypropylene is 50 to 60 percent of the formulation; and the polypropylene substitute is 5 to 15 percent of the formulation, and in an alternative embodiment, the formulation proportion of the polypropylene is 40 to 80 percent, the cellulosic powder is 1 to 25 percent, and the glass fiber is 1 to 50 percent.

Abstract: The paper material comprises a support base having at least one surface treated with at least one surface adhesive giving the paper material printability characteristics, the support base containing a mixture of fibres, at least one polymeric substance, adapted to give the support base strength, and at least one inorganic filler, adapted to give the support base machinability characteristics, the mixture of fibres comprising cellulose fibres and animal milk protein fibres.

Abstract: There are provided a resin composition for foaming including a biodegradable resin and a foamed article made thereof. The resin composition for foaming according to the present invention includes an ethylene-vinyl acetate resin, a biodegradable polyester resin containing a monomer of a double bond compound, a cross-linking agent, a co-crosslinking agent, a filler, and a foaming agent. In the resin composition, the double bond in the biodegradable polyester resin can be chemically cross-linked to the ethylene-vinyl acetate resin by a cross-linking agent, so that a compatibility with the ethylene-vinyl acetate resin can be improved, processability (mold releasability) during a mixing and melting process can be improved, and a foaming property and a mechanical property of a foamed article can be remarkably improved.

Abstract: A method for producing leather pellets, and a method for producing compound granules from leather pellets and a polymer material, for use in molded parts or films. The leather pellets are produced through the following steps: Shavings, crust leather remnants and finished leather waste are obtained as waste products in leather production and finished leather processing; the shavings, crust leather remnants and finished leather waste are milled into ground leather stock comprising leather fibers; the ground stock is pressed into leather pellets; and the leather pellets are dried to a residual moisture content of no more than 30% by weight. The leather pellets can be mixed with a polymer material at a ratio of 10-95% by weight and bonded to one another and shaped forming compound granules. The compound granules can be used to produce molded parts by injection molding or films by calendering.

Abstract: An method for manufacturing an imitation leather includes preparing an animal skin powder, blending the animal skin powder and a matrix to form the imitation plastic material and then the imitation plastic material being cooled and granulated to form granules and melting and feeding the granules of the imitation plastic material to a sheet extruding equipment to extrude the flexible sheet imitation leather. The animal skin powder comprises an animal epidermis powder and has a particle size of 0.2 um-0.3 mm. The matrix comprises an elastic material. The animal skin powder and the matrix are blended under a blending temperature between 100-160° C. and the animal skin powder is present in the imitation plastic material in an amount of 30-70 wt %, based on the total weight of the imitation plastic material.

Abstract: A method for producing leather pellets, and a method for producing compound granules from leather pellets and a polymer material, for use in molded parts or films. The leather pellets are produced through the following steps: Shavings, crust leather remnants and finished leather waste are obtained as waste products in leather production and finished leather processing; the shavings, crust leather remnants and finished leather waste are milled into ground leather stock comprising leather fibers; the ground stock is pressed into leather pellets; and the leather pellets are dried to a residual moisture content of no more than 30% by weight. The leather pellets can be mixed with a polymer material at a ratio of 10-95% by weight and bonded to one another and shaped forming compound granules. The compound granules can be used to produce molded parts by injection molding or films by calendering.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a water-swellable material comprising an inherently crosslinked polymer matrix and inorganic solid particles bound therein with a time-dependent swelling behavior that corresponds to a water uptake of at least 7.5 times the inherent weight of the hybrid material within one hour, as well as the applications thereof. The present invention further relates to a method for manufacture of such a water-swellable hybrid material.

Abstract: This invention is directed to the preparation of a molded compound. The molded compound is made by the process which contains the steps of (1) mixing a. an unsaturated polymer resin which has been synthesized from a natural triglyceride oil containing an effective amount of acid groups in order to thicken with metal ions b. a polymerizable monomer, c. a thickening agent to form a polymerizable material, (2) polymerizing said polymerizable material in a mold to form a molded compound. The invention further relates to a molded compound.

Abstract: This invention relates to a long fiber-reinforced thermoplastic material and to a method for producing long fiber-reinforced thermoplastics. According to said method, the fibers are impregnated with a first thermoplastic material. Since the matrix of the material consists of at least two different thermoplastics, the fibers being essentially only wet by one of the two thermoplastic materials, the material is considerably more variable in terms of the mechanical and other physical properties that can be obtained than known thermoplastic, long fiber-reinforced materials.

Abstract: The invention relates to a thermoplastic composite material containing at least 15 percent by weight of one or more organic fibrous material, and at least 15 percent by weight of thermoplastic binder, with binder containing at least two different polyacrylates. The thermoplastic composite material has a flow transition range of 70° C. to 130° C. The invention also relates to a method for producing the thermoplastic composite material and the use of the thermoplastic composite material to coat the surfaces of objects.

Abstract: The invention relates to a thermoplastic composite material containing an organic fibrous material and a mixture of two or more organic fibrous materials and a thermoplastic binder. The inventive composite material has a flow transition range between 70 and 130 degrees. The invention also relates to a method for producing a thermoplastic composite material of this type, the use of said composite material to coat the surfaces of objects and to an adhesive for permanently bonding the surface coating to the surface being coated.

Abstract: The present invention relates to in situ polymerization of fluoropolymer into porous substrates, to improve resistance to wear, tear and creep, decay, and degradation by wetting, staining and warping, and to improve durability while maintaining the appearance of the substrate.

Abstract: A reconstituted leather product and process for making. The reconstituted leather product can be finished to have the look and feel of real leather and physical properties equivalent thereto. The process is essentially dry and involves reducing leather materials to fibers, preferably not longer than one inch. The process further involves blending these fibers with synthetic fibers, a resin and optionally other additives, forming the mixture into a mat, curing the mat and pressing the mat into a reconstituted leather product.

Abstract: A reconstituted leather product and process for making. The reconstituted leather product can be finished to have the look and feel of real leather and physical properties equivalent thereto. The process is essentially dry and involves reducing leather materials to fibers, preferably not longer than one inch. The process further involves blending these fibers with synthetic fibers, a resin and optionally other additives, forming the mixture into a mat, curing the mat and pressing the mat into a reconstituted leather product.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a stable water-in-oil emulsion of a hydrolyzed polymer of an N-vinyl amide of the formula ##STR1## in which R and R.sup.1 denote H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, by the polymerization of a compound of the formula I alone or in admixture with another ethylenically unsaturated monomer in the presence of a polymerization initiator and emulsifier in the form of a water-in-oil emulsion, to form a water-in-oil polymeric emulsion, followed by hydrolysis of the polymer in the form of the water-in-oil polymeric emulsion in the presence of an acid or base and from 1 to 30 wt %, based on the polymer, of an emulsifier, the emulsifier used being a mixture of(a) from 5 to 95 wt % of a block or graft copolymer of the structure (A-B)m, (A)-B or (B)-A, in which in each case(a) from 5 to 95 wt % of a block or graft copolymer of the structure (A-B).sub.m, (A).sub.n B or (B).sub.

Abstract: The invention provides golf balls formed from the reaction product of compositions comprising an ester grafted hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber such as zinc dimethacrylate grafted hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber elastomer. The compositions may further include polybutadiene rubber. Balls made of these compositions are especially suited for use in restricted land spaces such as driving ranges.

Abstract: A method of producing a collagen-containing material has the steps of comminuting untanned collagen-containing raw material, preparing from the raw material a collagen solution, preparing a leather paste from tanned collagen-containing waste, mixing the collagen solution and the leather paste to produce a mixture, adding a cross-linking agent to the mixture, freezing and unfreezing the mixture, and performing a preliminary treatment of the untanned collagen-containing raw material with a solution of alkali and a surfactant with pH less than 9.5.

Abstract: Materials containing fine natural organic material particles are disclosed. As the fine particles, superfine silk fibroin particles are produced by a process comprising a first step of comminuting silk fibroin into coarse particles with dry mechanical comminuting means, a second step of comminuting the coarse silk fibroin particles into fine particles with dry mechanical comminuting means, and a third step of comminuting the fine silk fibroin particles into superfine particles with an average particle diameter of 10 .mu.m or below with dry mechanical comminuting means, the silk fibroin particles being beta-treated during or after at least one of the first to third comminuting steps. Specific examples of the material are films, sheets, paints, fiber treating materials, etc.

Abstract: A building material including reclaimed leather, neoprene, and nylon. The reclaimed materials are shredded and blended together with a matrix material. The matrix material is a polymeric adhesive. The chips with the matrix material are heated to form a uniform mixture. The uniform mixture is then molded into the building material sheets.

Abstract: The invention relates to footwear additives made using recycled materials. In particular, the invention relates to an additive used in the formation of an article of footwear where the additive comprises finely divided recycled footwear materials. The recycled footwear materials may be scraps generated during the manufacture of the article of footwear, or defective or used articles of footwear. The additive materials can be selected from the group consisting of leather, cotton, thermoplastics, synthetic and natural rubber, millable/partially crosslinked polyurethane, and synthetic fibers. The thermoplastics include polyamides, polyesters and polyurethanes.

Abstract: The present invention provides a rubber composition containing a leather powder or gelatin powder, and a tire having a tread prepared from the rubber composition.

Abstract: A rubber composition containing a powdered leather of a dispersion mixture comprising from 10 to 400 parts by weight of a powdered leather with a skin component of greater than 75% by weight, a total amount of Na.sup.+ ions and Ca.sup.2+ ions extractable with water of less than 0.5% by weight and an average grain size D.sub.50 of from 10 .mu.m to 250 .mu.m, and 100 parts by weight of rubber obtained from a raw material for the powdered leather by performing coarse pulverization, water washing, dewatering, steams swelling, drying and powderization and then separation into particles of a desired average grain size depending on the purpose of use, as well as a molding product obtained from the rubber composition.

Abstract: Method of producing a paint or other plastic resinous material or product which on application to a surface imparts the surface with a tanned skin or leather-like appearance. The method includes incorporating into a paint or a plastic resin fluid a granular non-flocculating resin-plastic-compatible leather powder having a specific gravity of about 0.38 to about 0.5 g/cc. The leather powder is produced from tanned skin and/or leather chips and/or strips which have been steam heated a period of time sufficient to permit the chips and/or strips to swell and simultaneously cause the naturally occurring twisted and tangled collagen fibers therein to shrinkk and to automatically loosen and become less twisted and less tangled which upon pulverization produces a powder including relatively smooth granules having lubricity and relatively non-fibrous.

Abstract: Disclosed is a collagen powder having a good dispersion stability, in which the content of particles having a particle size smaller than 40 .mu.m is at least 85% by weight, the water absorption is 120 to 300%, and the apparent bulk density is 0.10 to 0.30 g/cc. This collagen powder is advantageously used for a leather-like surface layer-forming agent and a leather-like molded article.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods, compositions, and articles manufactured from scrap treated skin and/or leather which has been finely pulverized and mixed with synthetic resin. It further includes a method for the manufacture of improved leather products made from animal skin and/or leather and/or animal gelatin including the products derived therefrom and the method of producing skin and/or leather powder by use of steam and pulverization for combining with a fluid plastic material or resin in which the powder is uniformally dispersed in the plastic resin material for molding, extruding or manufacture of sheet material or for incorporation into coatings, paint or other plastic resinous products.

Abstract: A highly moisture-absorptive fiber obtained by mixing and kneading one or more kinds of animal protein fibers, general protein forming the animal skin, bones, and others, pulverized to very fine powder of the 0.05 to 15 .mu.m size with a polymer of synthetic fiber, semi-synthetic fiber or regenerated fiber or polymer of chemical fiber material consisting of a mixture of more than two kinds of these polymers and spinning the kneaded composition, which can give a fine fiber having flexibility and proper elongation.

Abstract: A photopolymerizable dental composition, which comprises:(A) an organic composite filler obtained by polymerizing at least one carboxylic acid monomer of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.15 alkyl group, a --COOY group, a halogen atom, or a phenyl group or a derivative thereof; R.sub.2 is a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.15 alkyl group, a --COOZ group, a halogen atom, or a phenyl group or a derivative thereof; R.sub.3 is a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.15 alkyl group, a halogen atom, or a phenyl group or a derivative thereof; and each of X, Y and Z is a hydrogen atom, NH.sub.4 or an alkali metal atom; or the formula: ##STR2## wherein each of R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 is a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: A thermoplastic molded product useful in vehicle linings such as door trim, shelf covering and package trays is formed from a resin into a thin plate. The product is formed from a substantially uniform admixture of from about 50 to 60 weight percent of a polypropylene, from 30 to 35 weight percent of a wood flour, from 2 to 3 weight percent of a leather powder, from 2 to 3 weight percent of a defatted rice bran powder, from 2 to 3 weight percent of an asbestos fiber, from 2 to 2.5 weight percent of a waste cotton, from 1.7 to 2.3 weight percent of a chopped glass fiber, and from 0.8 to 1.2 weight percent of a calcined diatomaceous earth.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods, compositions, and articles manufactured from scrap treated skin and/or leather which has been finely pulverized and mixed with synthetic resin. It further includes a method for the manufacture of improved leather products made from animal skin and/or leather and/or animal gelatin including the products derived therefrom and the method of producing skin and/or leather powder by use of steam and pulverization for combining with a fluid plastic material or resin in which the powder is uniformally dispersed in the plastic resin material for molding, extruding or manufacture of sheet material or for incorporation into coatings, paint or other plastic resinous products.

Abstract: Polyurethanes which have been prepared or combined with another material are made by combining or applying a polyurethane-forming reaction mixture or polyurethane to another material such as a PVC foil or textile. The polyurethane-forming mixture or polyurethane is made up of an organic polyisocyanate, a high molecular weight isocyanate reactive material, a catalyst and a stabilizer against thermolysis and contact discoloration. The required stabilizer is an epoxide having an epoxide equivalent weight between 57 and 10,000. Other additives commonly used in polyurethane chemistry such as blowing agents, chain extenders and surfactants may also be employed. The polyurethane composites thus produced are characterized by improved thermal stability and reduced discoloration.

Abstract: Disclosed is a silver-filled paste, an electronic assembly comprising a semiconductive device attached to a substrate by said silver-filled paste, and a method of bonding an electronic device to a substrate using said silver-filled paste. The silver-filled paste comprises a silver powder; a resin having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R comprises a divalent linking group; and a solvent for the resin which comprises one or more electron donor groups.

Abstract: Thixotropic compositions and methods for forming the same are disclosed. The thixotropic agent consists essentially of leather fibers.

Abstract: The invention relates to new sound- and heat-insulating compositions, which comprise a finely dispersed leather powder of animal origin, a phenoplast resin or an aminoplast resin and optionally, together with the latter one, urea and/or a modified furane resin and optionally a wetting and/or foaming agent and an acid catalyst and optionally water.The compositions according to the invention have remarkable noise- and heat-insulating properties.

Abstract: An aqueous emulsion of an organic peroxide that is liquid at a temperature of 20.degree. C. and that is insoluble or has limited solubility in water is provided that has improved shelf-stability, shear-stability and process stability and has good dilutability and has a particle size of around 1.5 microns or less. The emulsion has from about 10 weight percent of the emulsion to about 70 weight percent of the emulsion of an organic peroxide that is a liquid at 20.degree. C. and in particular that has a half-life exceeding 60 hours at 212.degree. F. (100.degree. C.) and 20 minutes at 300.degree. F. (149.degree. C.). The emulsion also has about 0.005 to about 15 weight percent of the emulsion of a nonionic emulsifier blend. The emulsifier blend has three emulsifiers selected from polyalkylene glycol ethers, dialkylaryl polyether alcohols, and polyoxy-propylene-polyoxyethylene condensates and the like nonionic emulsifiers having a particular HLB range for each of the three emulsifiers.

Abstract: An aqueous plastic dispersion which is based on three vinyl polymers differing in type and properties, and which additionally contains a filler, is prepared by mixing a mixture of aqueous dispersions of the polymers in question with an aqueous suspension of the filler. The most important distinguishing characteristic of the polymers mentioned is their glass transition temperature. A fibrous material is employed as the filler. The plastic dispersion is suitable as a starting material for the preparation of sheets with vibration-damping properties.

Abstract: A peel-up type adhesive having a viscosity of 50 to 5,000 poises and comprising a rubber latex or a resin emulsion containing a polymeric substance which is film-forming at room temperature, and 1 to 200 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the solid polymeric substance content of the rubber latex or resin emulsion, of a fibrous material.