Abstract: A process for improving the flame retardancy, hygroscopic, soil release and other properties of a polymer substrate is provided in which the substrate is contacted with a suitable aqueous mixture containing a water-soluble monomer and an organic halogen-containing hydrophobic carrier compound at a temperature of between about 40.degree. C. to 100.degree. C. Polymerization of the monomer is thereafter initiated by a chemical or physical initiator to form a polymer evenly disposed on the substrate. The flame retardancy, hygroscopic, soil release and other surface properties of the substrate are thereby improved. The mixture may be in the form of an emulsion wherein the hydrophobic carrier compound is emulsified by an appropriate agent. The invention also pertains to the improved substrates prepared in accordance with the present process.

Abstract: Dinonylnaphthalene sulfonic acid, derivatives thereof and mixtures of any of them, are effective as dispersants for nonaqueous fluid compositions containing finely divided solid particles when added in an effective amount less than that necessary to act as a catalyst for any organic binder resin comprising an aminoplast and coreactants in the composition or in formulations made from the composition.

Abstract: Blends of a major proportion of a linear alternating polymer of carbon monoxide and at least one ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon and lesser proportions of a relatively high molecular weight poly(arylsulfone) polymer and a relatively low molecular weight poly(arylsulfone) oligomer demonstrate improved processability and improved tensile modulus and tensile strength.

Abstract: Blends of a linear alternating polymer of carbon monoxide and at least one ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon and a poly(arylsulfone) oligomer show improved processability as compared with the unblended polymer.

Abstract: Fast-crystallizing polyester compositions comprising a mixture consisting or consisting essentially of a polyester thermoplastic resin and of a nucleating agent selected from organic acid salts having the formula: ##STR1## wherein: R is an aromatic, cycloaliphatic or heterocyclic radical, optionally substituted in the ring;R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 may be hydrogen or an alkyl radical containing from 1 to 4 C;Me is an alkali or alkaline-earth metal, andn is zero or an integer from 1 to 3.

Abstract: Compounds having defined sulfone functional groups are described which color stabilize aromatic carbonate polymers or blends therewith upon exposure to sterilizing radiation.

Abstract: Polyphenylene sulfide resin compositions are provided having improved light stability and comprising an alkylidene bis(benzotriazolyl phenol) having the formula: ##STR1## wherein: R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl having from one to about eleven carbon atoms;R.sub.2 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl having from one to about twelve carbon atoms; and arylalkyl having from seven to about eighteen carbon atoms; andX is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen; halogen; alkyl having from one to about twelve carbon atoms; aryl alkyl having from seven to about eighteen carbon atoms; alkoxy having from one to about twelve carbon atoms; phenoxy; arylalkoxy having from seven to about eighteen carbon atoms; and phenyl.

Abstract: Composition useful for molding into articles such as food containers, beverage bottles, cured structural plastics and the like comprising molding grade linear or unsaturated polyester or polycarbonate (a) containing a mono-4-acryloxystyryl or bis-4-acyloxystyryl compound or (b) having reacted therewith or copolymerized therein a styryl residue derived from a mono-4-acryloxystyryl or bis-4-acyloxystyryl compound, having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 represent the acyl radical and the other radicals are as defined in the specification.Preferred compositions comprise a linear polyester containing a styryl residue as an integral part of the polymer chain. The styryl residues absorb ultraviolet radiation in the range of about 250 to about 390 nm. The residues are non-extractable from the polymer and stable at the conditions at which the polymers are manufactured and processed.

Abstract: Polycarbonate resin compositions are provided having improved light stability and comprising an alkylidene bis(benzotriazolyl phenol)having the formula: ##STR1## wherein: R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl having from one to about eleven carbon atoms;R.sub.2 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl having from one to about twelve carbon atoms; and arylalkyl having from seven to about eighteen carbon atoms; andX is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen; halogen; alkyl having from one to about twelve carbon atoms; aryl alkyl having from seven to about eighteen carbon atoms; alkoxy having from one to about twelve carbon atoms; phenoxy; arylalkoxy having from seven to about eighteen carbon atoms; and phenyl.

Abstract: Bis-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidyl)diimides are provided, having the formula: ##STR1## in which R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen; oxyl; alkyl and alkenyl having from one to about eighteen carbon atoms; epoxy and hydroxyalkyl having from two to about eight carbon atoms; acyl having from two to about eight carbon atoms; and phenalkyl having from seven to about twelve carbon atoms; and Z is a tetravalent aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon group having from two to about eighteen carbon atoms; and stabilizer and synthetic polymer compositions containing such diimides having improved resistance to deterioration when exposed to light.

Abstract: A stabilized polyolefin resin composition in which (a) 0.005-5% by weight of at least one monofunctional or polyfunctional cyanate ester compound having at least one cyanato group in its molecule, (b) 0.01-5% by weight of at least one hindered amine ultraviolet absorber and (c) 0.005-2% by weight of at least one hindered phenolic antioxidant are incorporated into a polyolefin resin is disclosed. The resin composition has excellent heat stability and resistance to weathering.

Abstract: Self-extinguishing polycarbonates consisting of mixtures of polycarbonates with at least one salt of particular carboxylic organic compounds, said salt being of metals of Group I A and/or B, and/or Group II A and/or B of the Periodic Table of elements, and/or of ammonium.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a novel fire-retardant polyolefin composition comprising a polyolefin, an organohalogenous fire retardant and a carbonic acid ester represented by the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R and R' respectively represent an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aralkyl group or an aryl group, Z represents a residual group of an aliphatic diol, an alicyclic diol, an aromatic diol, a diphenyl ketone diol, or a diphenylsulfone diol and n is 0 or 1.

Abstract: Thermoplastically processable polyamide moulding compositions which are equipped with inorganic reinforcing materials and contain 3 to 40% by weight, relative to the amount of polyamide, of bisphenols of the formula (I) ##STR1## where R stands for CH.sub.3, CH.sub.3 O, C.sub.2 H.sub.5 group,m and n independently of each other denote whole numbers from 0 to 4 andX denotes a chemical bond, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.7 -alkylene or C.sub.5 -C.sub.6 -cycloalkylene radical, O, S, SO, SO.sub.2, CO or O--(CH.sub.2).sub.p --O-- with p=2 to 10and with the proviso that the sum of the aliphatic C atoms of all the radicals bonded to the phenol rings is <6.

Abstract: Self-extinguishing polycarbonates are disclosed, which consist of mixtures of polycarbonates with at least one salt of metals of the I and/or the II A and B Groups of the Periodic Table, and/or ammonium salts of organic carboxylic compounds having the general formula (I) ##STR1## and, as an adjuvant, at least one compound which is a member selected from the group consisting of the following classes of compounds:(i) a halogenated phenyl ether;(ii) a phthalimide or naphthalimide;(iii) an organic sulphone or a derivative thereof;(iv) an inorganic compound selected from the group consisting of halides of alkali metals or of alkaline earth metals, oxides of metals of the Groups IB,VIB,VIIB,IIIA,IVA and VIII of the Periodic Table, of the lanthanide group, carbon black and the residues of the pyrolysis of the organic acid salts of formula (I).

Abstract: Novel o-bridged polynuclear polyphenols of the formula I ##STR1## which contain at least one organic radical, such as alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl, per phenyl nucleus and are formed by condensation of the monomeric phenolic components with customary bridging reagents, such as formaldehyde, acetone or sulfur dichloride, or by oxidative coupling of the monomeric phenolic components, and which, depending on the reaction procedure, can contain between 2 and 50 monomer units, are described.The substances according to the invention can be used for stabilizing plastics from oxidative degradation and have a good resistance to extraction.

Abstract: A process for producing a thermoplastic resin molding which comprises adding to a thermoplastic resin an organic compound which is compatible with said thermoplastic resin to form a homogeneous phase at a molten state of said thermoplastic resin and causes phase separation by cooling, molding the composition by melting, and solidifying it by cooling; and the molding thus obtained.

Abstract: Stabilized polyvinyl chloride molding compositions contain, per 100 parts by weight polymer, 0.02 to 5 parts by weight of at least one compound of Formula I and/or Formula II ##STR1## in which R represents an alkyl group with 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group with 5 or 6 carbon atoms, a phenyl group, an alkylphenyl group with 7 to 11 carbon atoms or an X--CO--CH.sub.2 group, while X represents an NH.sub.2 group or an OM group in which M represents lithium, sodium or potassium.

Abstract: Thermoplastic polyamides containing phenolic compounds in quantities of from 0.5 to 15%, by weight, based on polyamide are less sensitive to water.

Abstract: Thermoplastical processible polyamides are rendered hydrophobic by addition of particular aromatic amines, optionally in combination with selected phenolic compounds.

Abstract: A chelate of zinc with 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl sulfone is obtained in a solvent-free system for use as a color developer in carbonless copy paper systems. The 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl sulfone is solubilized in an aqueous medium by reacting with a water-soluble amine. A mineral matrix is then added followed by the addition of a zinc halide, preferably zinc bromide, to cause the chelate of zinc with 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl sulfone onto and within the structure of the mineral matrix. After removal of any excess zinc cations, and addition of any desired fillers, a binder is added and the composition coated onto the substrate.

Abstract: A developer system comprising a zinc chelate of 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl sulfone is provided for developing colorless dye precursors used in carbonless copy paper systems. The system preferably includes a styrene-methacrylic acid copolymer and a mineral matrix, especially sodium aluminosilicate, which promotes reactivity of the chelate. The developer system is particularly useful in coating compositions for carbonless second sheets.

Abstract: Described herein are molding compositions comprising a blend of a poly(aryl ether) polymer, a styrene and/or acrylic copolymers and a compatibilizing amount of a polyhydroxyether. These blends have improved mechanical properties.

Abstract: Reinforcing fabrics or cords, particularly those made from adhesive activated (AA) polyester yarn, or non-adhesive activated (non-AA) polyester yarn, or aramid yarn, maybe coated in a first of two dips in a two-step (double-dip) process, or more preferably in a single-step (single-dip) process, with an adhesive dispersion comprising a solid finely divided reversibly blocked polyisocyanate (RBP), having a majority of its primary particles smaller than 1 micron in average diameter, when the RBP is held in suspension as a substantially homogeneous dispersion with the aid of a hydrocarbyl disperser. The RBP is so held with less agitation than is required to produce a vortex in the dispersion. There is no "flaking" on the fabric after it is dried at a temperature higher than 250.degree. F. for less than about 3 minutes, and heat-set at a temperature above that at which the RBP is unblocked.

Abstract: It has been found that the addition of small amounts of a benzoate or acetate ester of a polyfunctional hydroxy-containing compound to a maleic anhydride-containing resin greatly increases the flowability and processibility of these resins.

Abstract: Ethynyl and substituted ethynyl-terminated polysulfones and a process for preparing the same are disclosed. These polysulfones are thermally cured to induce cross-linking and chain extension, producing a polymer system with improved solvent resistance and use temperatures. Also disclosed are substituted 4-ethynylbenzoyl chlorides as precursors to the substitutetd ethynyl-terminated polysulfones and a process for preparing the same.

Abstract: A composition comprising an aromatic carbonate polymer in admixture with an effective thermal stabilizing amount of a sulfone compound or a sulfonyl containing polymer.

Abstract: Dispersions of hydrophobic substances in water are prepared by dissolving the hydrophobic substance together with an ionomeric polyaddition or condensation product in an organic, water-miscible solvent or a mixture of such a solvent with water, diluting the solution with water and removing the organic solvent. The dispersions are excellently suitable for the preparation of photographic recording materials.

Abstract: Compounds having the formula ##STR1## in which R is lower alkyl; X is halogen or lower alkyl; m is 1 or 2; and n is 0, 1, 2 or 3, are effective biocides or biostats for protection of plastic or polymeric materials against attack by microorganisms, and for controlling or inhibiting the growth of algae.

Abstract: Normally intractable polymers of the structure: ##STR1## wherein X is O or NH, provided at least one X is O, R is an organic moiety, such as poly(parabanic acids) are plasticized by composition with from 15 to 60 weight percent of an aromatic sulfone or aromatic sulfoxide such as diphenyl sulfone, diphenyl sulfoxide or dibutyl-4,4'-sulfonyl dibenzoate.