Abstract: Aqueous emulsions which include polyvinyl butyral are prepared by mixing a nonionic emulsifier with polyvinyl butyral and, if desired, with a plasticizer resin and, if desired, with one or more solvents, and adding water under the action of shear forces.

Abstract: An aqueous pigment ink composition for writing utensils is provided, which is capable of providing handwritings with good opacifying properties and exhibits little difference in whiteness between handwritings obtained immediately after writing and after drying. When the composition is applied to the inner stick type of writing utensils, an ink having good opacifying properties is passed out. The ink composition comprises, at least, an emulsion of styrene resin-based doughnut-shaped flat particles as a white opacifying agent.

Abstract: A cross-linked gel-like composition of matter. The composition is capable of being used as a modeling compound, as well as being moldable, extrudable, stretchable, and being inflated into bubbles for use as a play activity. The composition is based on a cohesive polyvinyl alcohol non-adhesive and substantially non-drying composition that is safe if accidentally ingested and can be washed from fabrics and carpets with water.

Abstract: A fluororesin powder liquid dispersion comprising heat-flowable fluororesin powder, liquid dispersion medium having a surface tension of not more than 45 dyne/cm, and organic liquid with a boiling point of 150.degree.-340.degree. C. provides thick film fluororesin treatment by a single application.

Abstract: An organic colloidal dispersion of polar polymeric microparticles synthesized directly in a non-aqueous polar medium is disclosed. The dispersion is particularly useful for controlling rheological properties such as sag and metallic flake orientation in coating compositions.

Abstract: Electrostatic spray paint formulations of alkyds, acrylics, nitrocellulose or polyurethanes having defined viscosity values and film forming solids content.

Abstract: An aqueous outside release agent for the production of tires and other rubber articles is described, which contains 5 to 35% by wt. diatomaceous earth, 0.5 to 6% by wt. pyrogenic hydrophobic silica, 0.1 to 2% by wt. nonionic surfactant, 0.2 to 3% by wt. of a binder, 0.1 to 3% by wt. dye, 0 to 5% by wt. ethyl alcohol and the remainder water. Preferred binders are styrene-maleic acid or styrene-maleic anhydride copolymers and in particular ammonium salts thereof. Said outside release agent is used in processes for molding and vulcanizing tires and other rubber articles, it being sprayed onto the blank with the aid of air-atomizing guns before molding and vulcanization are carried out. A very good release effect is thereby achieved without vulcanization being impaired. As only very small quantities of outside release agent are needed, cleaning of the press mold and hence interruption of the production process are required very much less frequently than when conventional outside release agents are used.

Abstract: The method of producing plasticized polyvinyl alcohol by mixing polyvinyl alcohol in the presence of an organic plasticizer and water in a quantity which is insufficient to dissolve the polyvinyl alcohol under normal conditions, includes the steps of:i) pre-plasticizing the polyvinyl alcohol at a maximum temperature no higher than its softening point so as to produce a pre-plasticized polyvinyl alcohol having a melting point below the softening point of the polyvinyl alcohol used, andii) further processing the pre-plasticized polyvinyl alcohol thus produced at a temperature above its melting point, under shear-stress conditions and for a period of time to produce a substantially homogeneous melt.

Abstract: An aqueous aerosol coating composition, which includes a thermoplastic acrylic polymer solubilized in an aqueous solution of a monohydric alcohol. The coating composition may further be blended with a controlling amount of a water soluble or water reducible acrylic polymer for imparting a desired degree of gloss and alkali resistance to a coating made from the aqueous aerosol coating composition The compositions of this invention provide for improved drying rates, hardness and alkali resistance over current aqueous systems.

Abstract: A water-dispersible polyester composition for an image recording medium, comprising (1) a polyester having a glass transition temperature of not less than 40.degree.C., a specific gravity of not less than 1.25, a value of SP of 9.5-12.0, and at least one kind of hydrophilic polar group, and which is insoluble in methyl ethyl ketone, toluene, and a mixed solvent thereof, wherein 65% by mole or more of a glycol component constituting the polyester is ethylene glycol, in a proportion of 5-50% by weight, (2) an organic compound compatible with water in a proportion of 0-20% by weight, and (3) water in a proportion of 30-95% by weight all percentages by weight being based upon the total weight of said composition containing components (1), (2) and (3). When used for an image recording layer of an image recording medium, the composition of the invention is conducive to the durability of the recorded images excellent in heat resistance, resistance to plasticizer, resistance to fingerprint, and solvent resistance.

Abstract: A composition is provided for protecting exterior surfaces of automobiles and other products against abrasive dust, acid rain, etc. The composition is applied as a mixture of water solubilized acrylic acid copolymer, pH-neutral acrylic copolymer, alkyl alcohol, surfactant, and water. The composition dries on the exterior surface to form a tough flexible coating that can be removed by an alkaline aqueous detergent solution.

Abstract: A silicone polymer, a paste-like silicone composition prepared by kneading the silicone polymer and a silicone oil under a shearing force, and a water-in-oil type cosmetic composition comprising the paste-like silicone composition as an oil phase component are disclosed. The silicone polymer is prepared by the addition polymerization of components comprising an organohydrogenpolysiloxane R.sup.1.sub.a R.sup.2.sub.b H.sub.c SiO.sub.(4-a-b-c)/2 (1) or R.sup.1.sub.f H.sub.g SiO.sub.(4-f-g)/2 (2) and a polyoxyalkylene C.sub.m H.sub.2m-1 O(C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O).sub.h (C.sub.3 H.sub.6 O).sub.i C.sub.m H.sub.2m-l (A) or an organopolysiloxane R.sup.1.sub.j R.sup.4.sub.k SiO.sub.(4-j-k)/2 (B) the components, including (1) or (A) as an essential component. The silicone polymer can swell in silicone oils and function as a viscosity increasing agent for silicone oils.

Abstract: An essentially water-free solvent system comprising methoxy acetone and an organic protic solvent is useful as a solvent fora) a curing agent for an epoxy resin and/orb) a curing catalyst and/orc) a cure inhibitor.

Abstract: A photographic paper having a print retaining layer including a granular tooth providing ingredient in a binder polymer having a T.sub.g of 30.degree. to 65.degree. C. which is the addition product of from about 30 to about 98 mol percent of an alkylmethacrylate wherein the alkyl group has from 3 to 8 carbon atoms, from about 2 to about 10 mol percent of an alkali metal salt of a ethylenically unsaturated sulfonic or carboxylic acid, from 0 to about 65 mol percent of a vinyl benzene monomer and from 0 to about 5 mol percent of a crosslinking agent containing two ethylenically unsaturated bonds.

Abstract: A one component composition suitable for use as coatings which are excellent in storage stability and coating workability, which comprises:(A) an acrylic resin having hydroxyl group,(B) an alkoxysilyl group-containing acrylic copolymer having a group represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group, an aryl group and an aralkyl group, and a is 0, 1 or 2,(C) a curing catalyst, andat least one member selected from the group consisting of (D) a dehydrating agent and (E) an alkyl alcohol.

Abstract: A method of coating an adhesive polymer comprising hot-melt coating a composition of a hydrophobic adhesive polymer and a transient polar processing aid onto a substrate is provided. In addition, a method of coating a hydrophobic adhesive polymer when contacted with a transient polar processing aid, and a hot-melt coatable adhesive composition are also provided. These methods provide clear, smooth, and foam-free coatings, that are also substantially free of high temperature, low temperature, and processing aid-induced coating defects.

Abstract: A vehicle masking material and method of use. The masking material in one embodiment includes polyvinyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, glycerine or triethylene glycol, a surfactant, and water. The masking material is applied to a surface which is to be protected from paint overspray or other mechanical process, allowed to dry, and paint is applied. After drying of the paint, the masking material is removed by peeling or water washing.

Abstract: The combination of an ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer and a water soluble amine salt of a fatty acid is useful as a hydrophilic coating for the surfaces of fins in a heat exchanger. The exchanger is more efficient because the coating prevents the blockage of air flow by beads of condensed water which would otherwise build up in the narrow spaces between the fins.

Abstract: Stabilizing mixtures for a plastic material are disclosed. The mixture is comprised of (a) about one part by weight of a tocopherol compound; and (b) from about 1.4 to about 5.0 parts by weight of a secondary antioxidant.

Abstract: A chemical composition is provided for protecting, preserving, restoring and enhancing the appearance of rubber and polymer surfaces of de-icing boots on aircraft, particularly pneumatic de-icers. The chemical composition comprises the main elements of styrene acrylic emulsion polymer, polyethylene emulsion and polyolefin polymer emulsion, all mixed in distilled water. The preferred composition also includes 1,4 butanediol, polymethylsiloxane emulsion, potassium fluoroalkyl carboxylate, 12 benzisohiazolin 1-3, and ethylene glycol. A method of applying the composition to de-icer surfaces.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a water-soluble polymer suspension, which dissolves rapidly in water, is provided wherein the polymer is prepared froma) 30 to 99.99% by wt. of an alkali, ammonium, or amine salt of acrylic or methacrylic acid or a mixture thereof,b) 0.01 to 5% of a crosslinking monomer having at least two polymerizable double bonds andc) 0 to 69.99% by wt. of one or more hydrophilic comonomers different from a) and b) above,and at least one solvent selected from the group consisting of oligoalkylene oxide compounds of formula I ##STR1## where R=H or CH.sub.3R.sub.1 =H, CH.sub.3 or C.sub.2 H.sub.3n=2, 3 or 4,wherein the suspension contains no more than 0.5% by weight of water, based on the total amount of solvent, to give a thickener which is stable in long term storage and which, upon addition to water, yields a highly viscous, briefly separating, microgel-like solution.

Abstract: A homogeneous composition for forming on firing a film of precious metal, which is one or more of platinum, palladium, gold and silver, on a substrate, for instance to decorate table ware, comprises polymeric resin and a solution, in water and a co-solvent, of thiolate of the precious metal, the composition containing 3-22% by weight of the precious metal as the thiolate, and the co-solvent, resin and thiolate being such that as the composition on a substrate dries and is progressively heated in firing, the water evaporates off to leave a homogeneous composition of the resin and thiolate in the co-solvent, then the co-solvent evaporates off to leave a homogeneous composition of the thiolate in the resin, and then the thiolate decomposes to the precious metal while the resin volatilise.

Abstract: Novel graft copolymers of shellac and a polyalkyleneglycol monomethacrylate are prepared. These graft copolymers are useful in preparing water-based flexographic, i.e. packaging laminating inks, comprised of a pigment; the graft copolymer; a binder resin; an alkanol; an alkali, ammonia or an amine; and water.

Abstract: Disclosed are polymer blends of polyesters or polyesteramides and a polymer containing an acrylamide sulfonate monomer. The blends are preferably prepared by polymerizing monomers in the presence of the polyester or polyesteramide. The blends impart superior freeze-thaw stability to aqueous compositions such as inks.

Abstract: The combination of an ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer and a water soluble amine salt of a fatty acid is useful as a hydrophilic coating for the surfaces of fins in a heat exchanger. The exchanger is more efficient because the coating prevents the blockage of air flow by beads of condensed water which would otherwise build up in the narrow spaces between the fins.

Abstract: A coating composition low in volatile organic solvents comprising a monodispersed acrylic polymer solutions containing supercritical, near supercritical or subcritical fluids as a diluent therein. Desirably, the monodispersed acrylic polymer has a molecular weight such that it is, as such, a polymeric coating vehicle.

Abstract: An alcohol based, water soluble binder composition for nonwoven material made from water swellable, water soluble or water sensitive fibers and related substances is provided comprising a substantially anhydrous solution of an acrylic polymeric resin, and an alcohol diluent. The water soluble binder composition effectively binds water swellable, water soluble or water sensitive fibers into a nonwoven material such as a fabric; the nonwoven material comprising a nonwoven web of a water swellable, soluble or sensitive fiber component.

Abstract: A semi-aqueous ethylene-vinyl alcohol coating composition that is a stable, homogeneous solution which is capable of being easily applied to a substrate to form a multi-layer structure at room temperature, by spray, rod, gravure, or other mechanical means. Upon evaporation of the volatile components, this coating solution leaves a clear, homogeneous film comprising EVOH. The film resists degradation and discoloration during the lifetime of the structure, and upon incineration or recycling does not evolve harmful acids into the environment.

Abstract: An alcoholic marking ink composition comprises a coloring agent, a solvent mainly composed of ethanol, a condensation product of urea and aliphatic aldehydes as a resin to be added, and a cationic surface active agent.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process for preparing a treated blend which contains pigment material dispersed in a continuous phase of water and a polyester material. The invention also concerns compositions prepared from such process. The polyester material of the treated blend is linear, contains a sulfomonomer, and has an average particle size of less than 1 .mu.m.

Abstract: Known adhesive compositions for edge-padding a stack of sets of collated sheets of carbonless copy paper have not provided both good fanout and good adhesion within individual sets unless used with carbonless copy paper from the company that supplies the adhesive. This problem is here resolved by using a water-based adhesive composition that differ from those in current use simply by adjusting the amount and type of monohydric and polyhydric alcohol. Best results are attained when the polyhydric alcohol is noncrystalline sorbitol.

Abstract: A carefully balanced formulation of a chromate-free wash-primer to be applied to the surface of predetermined metals as a surface conditioner to inhibit the spread of corrosion and to act as a tie-coat. The formulation comprises a mixture of polyvinyl butyl resin and an anti-corrosive pigment selected from salts of borates and salts of phosphates. It does not contain toxic components and therefore does not pose hazards to either operators or the environment, upon application or during subsequent thermal operations or maintenance procedures on metal substrates. The physical and application properties of the product according to the present invention are comparable to those of conventional wash-primers, which are based on zinc tetraoxy chromate, polyvinyl butyral solution in organic solvents and phosphoric acid used as the catalyst for the system.

Abstract: A composition useful in printing inks exemplified as comprising:(A) from about 0.1 to about 60 weight % of one or more polyester materials having an acid component of from about 75 to about 84 mole % isophthalic acid and conversely from about 25 to about 16 mole % 5-sodio-sulfoisophthalic acid, and having a glycol component of from about 45 to about 60 mole % diethylene glycol and conversely from about 55 to about 40 mole % 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol or ethylene glycol or mixtures thereof;(B) from about 1.0 to about 60 weight % of pigment material blended with said polyester material; and(C) from about 10 to about 90 weight % of water admixed with alcohol selected from methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol or mixtures thereof, preferably n-propanol by itself, in a weight ratio of water to alcohol of from about 99/1 to about 1/1.

Abstract: The storage stability of a polymeric article susceptible to hydrolytic degradation, e.g., an absorbable suture manufactured from a polymer of glycolic acid, glycolide, lactic acid, lactide or combination thereof, is improved by applying a storage stabilizing amount of at least one water soluble hygroscopic polyhydroxy compound and/or ester thereof, e.g., glycerol, monoacetin, diacetin, and the like, to the article as storage stabilizing agent, said agent being retained by the article prior to sealing of the enclosure in which the suture is packaged.

Abstract: A water-dispersible graft copolymer of a polyamide and at least one acrylic monomer is prepared by reacting the polyamide with the acrylic monomer(s) in an alcohol solution in the presence of a free radical peroxidic initiator. The graft copolymer is particularly useful as the resin component of a water-based printing ink.

Abstract: An aqueous adhesive composition which contains polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene oxide, and lignin sulfonate is useful as a creping adhesive in the manufacture of tissue products such as facial tissue, bath tissue and paper toweling.

Abstract: A heat reserve material having excellent physical properties. The heat reserve material comprises;(A) a hydrophilic polymer having a hydroxyl group on a principal chain,(B) oxide glass, and(C) water and/or a water-soluble alcohol,wherein an amount of component (B) is within the range of 1 to 50 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of component (A), and an amount of component (C) is 6 to 50 times larger than the total weight of components (A) and (B).

Abstract: A stabilizer for polymer/polyols characterized by four key features: (1) prepared from a starting polyol having a functionality greater than 4; (2) having at least 60% retained unsaturation; (3) having a viscosity greater than 2000 cSt; and (4) prepared where the starting polyol is capped with alkylene oxide and/or the adduct formed between the starting polyol and the reactive unsaturated compound is capped with ethylene oxide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the viscosification of an aqueous liquid which includes the steps of forming a solvent system of an organic liquid or oil and a polar cosolvent, the polar cosolvent being less than about 15 weight percent of the solvent system, a viscosity of the solvent system being less than about 1,000 cps; forming an interpolymer complex of neutralized sulfonated polymer (water insoluble) and copolymer of styrene/vinylpyridine in the solvent system to form a solution, a concentration of the water insoluble interpolymer complex polymer in the solution being about 0.01 to about 0.5 weight percent, a viscosity of the solution being less than about 200 cps; the admixing or contacting said solution with about 5 to about 500 volume percent water, the water being immiscible with the organic liquid and the polar cosolvent and interpolymer complex transferring from the organic liquid to the water phase, thereby causing the water phase to gel (i.e., thicken).

Abstract: High solids content, high molecular weight hydrophobe-containing cationic polymer products are prepared by an inverse (water-in-oil) emulsion process wherein the hydrophobic monomer is in the water phase. The resultant polymers have increased activity in oily water clean-up.

Abstract: A composition useful in printing inks exemplified as comprising:(A) from about 0.1 to about 60 weight % of one or more polyester materials having an acid component of from about 75 to about 84 mole % isophthalic acid and conversely from about 25 to about 16 mole % 5-sodio-sulfoisophthalic acid, and having a glycol component of from about 45 to about 60 mole % diethylene glycol and conversely from about 55 to about 40 mole % 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol or ethylene glycol or mixtures thereof;(B) from about 1.0 to about 60 weight % of pigment material blended with said polyester material; and(C) from about 10 to about 90 weight % of water admixed with alcohol selected from methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol or mixtures thereof, preferably n-propanol by itself, in a weight ratio of water to alcohol of from about 99/1 to about 1/1.

Abstract: A coating composition which is a uniformly dispersed admixture ofA. a fluid carrier; andB. a homopolymer or copolymer containing monomer units of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are preferably hydroxyalkyl and the polymer has a preferred average molecular weight in the range of from about 5,000 to about 30,000; andC. a blocked polyisocyanate.

Abstract: Compositions useful as printing inks or as dry or wet concentrates for the preparation of inks, comprising substantially homogenous blends of from about 0.1 to about 50.0 wt. % water dispersible polyurethane, and conversely from about 99.9 to about 50.0 wt. % water dispersible polyester, and preferably containing from about 1.0 to about 95.0 wt. % of a solvent system comprising water or water admixed with cosolvent, the cosolvent comprising up to about 30.0 wt. % of the solvent system. These blends show exceptionally marked improvements in certain physical properties such as: stability of viscosity to ambient and process conditions; linearity of viscosity change with water dilution; consistency of viscosity for a great variety of pigments; and greatly improved shelf-life (no significant polymer segregation of layering). Such properties greatly enhance the utility of these blends for use in pigmented or dyed printing inks and in other substrate coating formulations which may or may not contain colorants.

Abstract: A method for preparation of solid particulate polyacetal carboxylate. The method comprises agglomerating a solution comprising less than about 1% by weight methanol and between about 30% by weight and about 60% by weight polyacetal carboxylate onto a substrate to produce a free-flowing particulate solid. The solid comprises between about 30% by weight and about 55% by weight polyacetal carboxylate. The polyacetal carboxylate corresponds to the formula: ##STR1## where n is at least about 4 and represents the average chain length of the polyacetal carboxylate in the mixture, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently selected chemically stable groups that stabilize the polymer against rapid depolymerization in alkaline solution, and M is selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, ammonium, alkyl groups of 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, tetraalkyl ammonium groups, and alkanolamine groups having from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain.

Abstract: A series of melamine-phenol-formaldehyde resoles for pressure-free to low pressure, low/medium temperture conversion into moulded product. The molar ratio of melamine:phenol is the range 1:4.7 to 1:0.29; for each mole of melamine there are 1.5 to 3 moles of formaldehyde; and for each mole of phenol there are 1.2 to 2 moles of formaldehyde. The resin compositions may contain fillers/reinforcing fibers, glycols and water curing is at or near neutal pH and may be accelerated by the use of boric oxide or acid and also by microwave heating. Moulded products have good heat-and fire-resistance, and good smoke emission properties, and are non-toxic.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of copolymers from acrylamide and acrylic or methacrylic acid, wherein to prepare 100 parts by weight of the copolymer, (A) 10-90 parts by weight of acrylamide, (B) 90-100 parts by weight of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid or of a salt thereof, (C) 0-40 parts by weight of another copolymerizable monomer and (D) 0-5 parts by weight of a copolymerizable crosslinking agent which has two or more olefinic double bonds are polymerized in an alcohol having 1-4 carbon atoms by precipitation polymerization such that 10-90% by weight of the alcohol, 10-90% by weight of the total amount of monomers (A), (B) and (C) together with 100% by weight of the crosslinker substance are initially mixed, polymerization is started with 10-100% by weight of the initiator and then the remainder of the solvent, monomers, crosslinking agent and initiator to make up to 100% is metered in, as individual components or as a mixture, after the polymerization has started.

Abstract: Disclosed is a heterophase ink composition comprised of a water insoluble polymer dispersed in a liquid medium, the polymer containing therein an oil soluble dye, and a nonionic stabilizer permanently attached thereto.

Abstract: Adhesive compositions for bonding EPDM elastomers comprise (a) a neutralized sulfonated EPDM elastomeric terpolymer; (b) an organic hydrocarbon solvent; (c) an ionic plasticizer or mixture of ionic plasticiziers; (d) a phenolic hydrocarbon resin or mixture of phenolic hydrocarbon resins and (e) a material selected from mineral oils, petroleum oils, polybutenes, polyisobutylenes and ethylene/propylene copolymers. Such adhesive compositions are particularly suitable for bonding sheets of black EPDM, especially sheets of cured black EPDM, elastomeric membranes together and may also be utilized to bond sheets of cured black EPDM to other uncured elastomers and to non-elastomeric substrates as well.The adhesive compositions to proper selection of the component (e) material and the addition of a color pigment or dye thereto may also be used to bond colored EPDM elastomers such as white, blue, yellow, green, etc.

Abstract: A liquid-filled polyurethane elastomer gel is fabricated from water, organic glycol and a polyisocyanate prepolymer. The prepolymer is formed from organic diisocyanate and organic diol or triol having a molecular weight of 3,000 to 10,000 and containing at least 40 percent by weight ethylene oxide adducts. The prepolymer is mixed with 3 to 20 times its weight of aqueous reactant including 25 to 65 percent by weight water and 75 to 35 percent by weight organic polyol. The resulting stable gel contains aqueous solutions of emulsions dispersed therein as small droplets comprising 75 to 95 percent of the weight of the resulting article. The liquid-filled polyurethane elastomer gel can be cast into shapes or can be formed into globs of random shape.

Abstract: Ionized crosslinked polyacrylamide gels are provided that are capable of drastic volume changes in response to minor changes in solvent concentration, temperature of pH or salt concentration of the solvent. The gels can contain a metal ion.