Abstract: Golf balls that have at least one layer formed from a cationic polyurea material. In particular, the compositions of the invention, which include a polymer backbone including urea linkages with cationic groups, may be formed from an isocyanate-containing component and an isocyanate-reactive component, at least one of which includes precursor cationic groups, in the presence of an alkylating, quaternizing, or ternarizing agent.

Abstract: Described are a particular group of novel aromatic hydrocarbon telomers that, on bromination, result in the formation of novel flame retardants having a uniquely beneficial combination of properties. The resultant flame retardants and uses thereof are also described. The disclosure includes descriptions of methods for preparing both the aromatic hydrocarbon telomers and the brominated flame retardant polymers.

Abstract: A flame retardant brominated rubber polymeric composition, wherein the composition can include ethylene propylene ethylidene norbornene rubber polymer and from 12 weight percent to 55 weight percent of bromine covalently bonded thereto. The method can include dissolving a liquid ethylene propylene ethylidene norbornene rubber polymer in hexane with myrcene, forming the composition. The method can include dissolving ethylene propylene ethylidene norbornene rubber polymer in hexane, forming a solution, and adding bromine, or blending N-bromo-succinimide into the solution, forming a suspension. The method can include heating the suspension and stifling the suspension until all bromine in the N-bromo-succinimide has reacted with the ethylene propylene ethylidene norbornene rubber polymer, forming the composition as a solid in a liquid. The method can include removing the liquid from the solid, and flashing off the hexane from the liquid to extract the composition.

Abstract: A flame-retardant composition having (a) a copolymer comprising at least about 50 wt. % of propylene-derived units, and about 5-35 wt. % of units derived from at least one of ethylene or a C4-10 alpha-olefin, wherein the copolymer has a heat of fusion of about 75 J/g or less; and (b) a flame retardant, wherein the composition satisfies the requirements of UL94 with a V2 rating.

Abstract: A flame-retarded styrene-containing polymer composition, which comprises a styrene-containing polymer, tris(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)-s-triazine, 0.5-1.7 wt % antimony trioxide, and an anti-dripping agent. The bromine content of the composition is generally in the range between 8 and 18 wt %. Additional brominated flame retarding agents may also be included in the composition.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a flame retardant thermoplastic resin composition including a polycarbonate resin, a branched acrylic copolymer, and a flame retardant. The flame retardant thermoplastic resin composition can have good compatibility as well as good flame retardancy, scratch resistance, colorability and appearance without requiring the addition of a compatibilizer.

Abstract: There is provided an adhesive composition comprising (i) at least one film forming polymer, (ii) at least one crosslinker selected from the group consisting of polynitroso compounds, polynitroso precursors, and mixtures thereof, and (iii) at least one oxidizer, wherein the molar ratio of oxidizer to crosslinker is from 0.3 to 2.0. Also provided is a method of bonding substrates together using such a composition, and an article made using such a method.

Abstract: Disclosed is a flame-retardant polyamide resin composition, including: a polyamide (A) containing a diamine unit including 70 mol % or more of a p-xylylenediamine unit and a dicarboxylic acid unit including 70 mol % or more of a linear aliphatic dicarboxylic acid unit having 6 to 18 carbon atoms; an organic halogen compound (B) that serves as a flame retardant; an inorganic compound (C) that serves as a flame retardant aid; and an inorganic filler (D), in which the polyamide (A) includes a polyamide having a phosphorus atom concentration of 50 to 1,000 ppm and a YI value of 10 or less in a color difference test in accordance with JIS-K-7105, and a content of the organic halogen compound (B), a content of the inorganic compound (C), and a content of the inorganic filler (D) are 1 to 100 parts by mass, 0.5 to 50 parts by mass, and 0 to 100 parts by mass, respectively, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polyamide (A).

Abstract: A halogenated non-polymeric phenyl ether flame retardant is described having the general formula (I): wherein each X is independently Cl or Br, n is an integer of 1 or 2, and each p is independently an integer of 1 to 4, provided that, when each X is Cl, the total amount halogen in the ether is from about 50 to about 65 wt % and when each X is Br, the total amount halogen in the ether is from at least 70 wt % to about 79 wt % and wherein from about 30% to about 80%, for example from about 35% to about 75% of the halogenated ethers are fully halogenated the remainder being partially halogenated. The present flame retardant provides superior mechanical properties when incorporated into a polymer than similar flame retardants which contain a higher amount of fully halogenated species.

Abstract: A flame retardant blend comprises at least first and second halogenated non-polymeric phenyl ethers having the general formula (I): wherein each X is independently Cl or Br, each m is independently an integer of 1 to 5, each p is independently an integer of 1 to 4, n is an integer of 1 to 5 and wherein the values of n for the first and second ethers are different.

Abstract: A mixture of brominated diphenylethanes is prepared by brominating diphenylethanes, comprises hexabromodiphenylethane, heptabromodiphenylethane and octabromodiphenylethane, comprises about 55 to about 85% by weight hexabromodiphenylethane, and comprises about 0.01 to about 30% by weight diphenylethanes substituted with an odd number of bromines. The mixture of brominated diphenylethanes can provide improved compatibility with polymer resins, as well as impart excellent flame retardancy and improved weatherability and thermal stability.

Abstract: A fire retardant material is described that includes a polyamide and a brominated hydrocarbon. The brominated hydrocarbon makes up between about two percent and about 25 percent of the fire retardant material.

Abstract: The flame-retardant high impact vinyl aromatic resin composition of the present invention comprises (A) about 100 parts by weight of a rubber modified vinyl aromatic resin; (B) about 1 to about 30 parts by weight of a brominated diphenyl ethane mixture; and (C) about 1 to about 10 parts by weight of antimony oxide. The resin composition can have excellent fluidity as well as high impact strength and can provide a flame-retardant high impact vinyl aromatic resin composition having excellent workability and mechanical properties.

Abstract: The invention is a flame retardant for styrene foams. The flame retardant contains both aromatic bromine and an olefin. The olefin is an internal olefin. Desirable flame retardants are selected from: formula I: wherein R1 is C1-C6 and optionally containing a heteroatom or olefin; R2 is C1-C6 and optionally containing a heteroatom or olefin; and R3-R12 is H, C1-C6 (optionally containing a heteroatom), or halogen; and further wherein the compound of formula I is present in a concentration of at least 50 percent of a trans isomer; formula II: wherein R1 is Halogen, C1-C6 and optionally containing a heteroatom or olefin; R2 is Halogen, C1-C6 and optionally containing a heteroatom or olefin; and R3-R7 is H, C1-C6 (optionally containing a heteroatom), or halogen; and formula III: wherein R1 is Halogen, C1-C6 and optionally containing a heteroatom or olefin; R2 is Halogen, H, C1-C6 and optionally containing a heteroatom or olefin; and R3-R6 is H, halogen.

Abstract: Described are a particular group of novel aromatic hydrocarbon telomers that, on bromination, result in the formation of novel flame retardants having a uniquely beneficial combination of properties. The resultant flame retardants and uses thereof are also described. The disclosure includes descriptions of methods for preparing both the aromatic hydrocarbon telomers and the brominated flame retardant polymers.

Abstract: Techniques for creating recycled plastic materials from waste plastic materials are described. A recycled plastic material contains at least a primary polymer, a secondary polymer, and residual additives. Predetermined properties of the recycled plastic material can be controlled by selecting the types of waste plastic materials used in the recycling feed, determining the types and amounts of recycled plastic material recovered from a separation process and blending the recycled plastic material with other materials.

Abstract: A brominated diphenyl ethane mixture of the present invention comprises about 0 to about 2% by weight of pentabromodiphenyl ethane, about 55 to 85% by weight of hexabromodiphenyl ethane, about 1 to 20% by weight of heptabromodiphenyl ethane, about 1 to 25% by weight of octabromodiphenyl ethane, about 0 to about 10% by weight of nonabromodiphenyl ethane, and about 0 to about 5% by weight of decabromodephenyl ethane. The brominated diphenyl ethane mixture can be added to thermoplastic resin as a flame retardant, can exhibit excellent compatibility with thermoplastic resins, can minimize the generation of environmental problems, and can obtain excellent impact resistance, thermal stability, weatherability and flowability as well as improved flame resistance.

Abstract: A method for forming a fire resistant material is disclosed. The method comprises providing a plurality of expandable beads of a polymeric material. The beads are coated with an exfoliable graphite. The exfoliable graphite is adhered to the beads with a resin having a solubility parameter of the polymeric material. The beads are thereafter caused or allowed expand and fuse.

Abstract: A method for forming a fire resistant material is disclosed. The method comprises providing a plurality of expandable beads of a polymeric material. The beads are coated with an exfoliable graphite. The exfoliable graphite is adhered to the beads with a resin having a solubility parameter of the polymeric material. The beads are thereafter caused or allowed to expand and fuse.

Abstract: There is provided a varnish of a low dielectric loss tangent resin composition which is low in viscosity and excellent in storage stability. The varnish of a low dielectric loss tangent resin composition contains a thermosetting monomer (A) having a weight average molecular weight of not more than 1,000, a high polymer (B) having a weight average molecular weight of not less than 5,000, a halogen flame-retardant agent (C), a silicon dioxide filler (D), and an organic solvent (E). The average particle diameter of each the components (C) and (D) is in the range of 0.2 to 3 ?m.

Abstract: Polybrominated bisaryl compounds containing bromomethyl or bromomethylene groups are provided, as well as flameproof polymeric formulations comprising the compounds. The novel compounds exhibit a good thermal stability, and are particularly suitable for flame-retarding polystyrene thermoplastic foams. A process for making the polybrominated bisaryl compounds is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a process for the preparation of highly pure pentabromobenzyl bromide, PBB-Br, wherein the benzylic bromination reaction is carried out in a suitable organic solvent in the presence of water and wherein the reaction temperature is such that it is sufficient to activate the initiator but not high enough to consume a substantial amount thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a styrenic polymer composition comprising a flame-retardant effective amount of a compound of formula (I): (C6H(5-n)Yn)CH2X, wherein X is Cl or Br; Y is Cl or Br; and n is an integer between 1 and 5; or a mixture of two or more of said compounds of formula (I) or their homologues and derivatives or other Br-FRs.

Abstract: A fire retardant composition that includes: a polyolefin and an additive package that includes a brominated polystyrene or decabromodiphenyl ether; a nanoclay; and metal oxide fillers in the nanometer particle range. The compositions can have high weight percentages of the additive package because of the compatibilizing effect of the nanoclay. The nanoclay is preferably a quantenary amine treated nanoclay, wherein the quantenary amine causes exfoliation of the nanoclay. The polyolefin is a polyethylene or a polypropylene and the preferred metal oxide is antimony oxide.

Abstract: Polymeric substrates, for example polyolefins such as polypropylene, can be made flame retardant by the incorporation therein of a synergistic mixture of (i.) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of nitroxyl stabilizers, hydroxylamine stabilizers, nitrone stabilizers, substituted hydroxylamine stabilizers, amine oxide stabilizers, benzofuranone stabilizers, phosphite and phosphonite stabilizers, quinone methide stabilizers and monoacrylate esters of 2,2?-alkylidenebisphenol stabilizers and (ii.) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of brominated flame retardants, phosphorus containing flame retardants and inorganic flame retardants such as ammonium polyphosphate or decabromodiphenyl oxide; wherein the amount of organic or inorganic flame retardant of component (ii.) required to achieve an acceptable level of flame retardancy is significantly reduced compared to that needed when component (i.) is not present.

Abstract: The invention relates to a flame retardant polyamide composition, comprising a polyamide polymer, a polyamide prepolymer, a halogen containing flame retardant, and an antimony containing synergist having a low lead content. The composition shows surprisingly improved mechanical properties. The invention also relates to a process for preparing the flame retardant polyamide composition, use the flame retardant polyamide composition for preparing moulded parts and to a moulded part obtainable from the flame retardant polyamide composition.

Abstract: Disclosed are flame retardant compositions comprised of (a) brominated anionic styrenic polymer, and (b) at least one polybrominated alpha-omega diphenylalkane having a total of at least 6 bromine atoms directly bonded to the phenyl rings and in the range of 1 to 6 carbon atoms in the alkylene group disposed between the phenyl groups, and specified flame retarded polymer compositions with which have been blended (a) and (b) individually or in combination.

Abstract: The present invention relates to solutions and/or dispersions of organic semiconductors in a solvent mixture of at least two different organic solvents, characterized in that A. Each of the solvents on its own has a boiling point of below 200° C. and a melting point of 15° C. or less, B. at least one of the solvents has a boiling point in the range from greater than 140 to less than 200° C., C. the solvents used have no benzylic CH2 or CH groups, D. the solvents used are not benzene derivatives containing tert-butyl substituents or more than two methyl substituents, and their use in printing processes for producing layers of organic semiconductors, especially for the electronics industry.

Abstract: The present invention relates to one-part closure devices encompassing at least polyvinyl chloride and at least one plasticizer, in particular at least one substituted or unsubstituted cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid or a derivative thereof, to a process for producing a closure device of this type, and also to the use of a closure device of the invention as a closure for containers, in particular for wine bottles or other bottles.

Abstract: Disclosed are flame retardant compositions comprised of (a) brominated anionic styrenic polymer, and (b) at least one polybrominated alpha-omega diphenylalkane having a total of at least 6 bromine atoms directly bonded to the phenyl rings and in the range of 1 to 6 carbon atoms in the alkylene group disposed between the phenyl groups, and specified flame retarded polymer compositions with which have been blended (a) and (b) individually or in combination.

Abstract: Provided are new flame retardants and liquid flame retardant additive compositions of low viscosity for use in flexible polyurethane foams. The new flame retardants are the reaction product of at least one brominated aromatic diester diol with at least one alcohol-reactive agent. Preferred liquid flame retardant additive compositions are capable of minimizing visible scorching of the foam during its production. Flexible flame retardant polyurethane foams and methods for their production are also provided. The flame retardant additive compositions are formed at least from a) at least one reaction product of a brominated aromatic diester diol and an alcohol-reactive agent; b) at least one hindered amine antioxidant; and c) at least one phenolic antioxidant in which the phenolic ring is substituted by an alkanoic acid alkyl ester group in which alkanoic acid moiety has in the range of 2 to about 4 carbon atoms and the alkyl group has in the range of about 6 to about 16 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Organic polymer substrates, for example polyolefins such as polypropylene, can be made flame retardant by the incorporation of a mixture of (i) at least one melamine based flame retardant and (ii) at least one flame retardant selected from the group consisting of the organohalogen and phosphorus containing flame retardants. Further optional flame retardants include antimony compounds and sterically hindered amines.

Abstract: The invention relates to thermoplastic molded masses, comprising A) 10 to 97 wt. % of at least one thermoplastic polyester, B) 1 to 30 wt. % of a flame-resistant agent combination with, based on 100 wt. % B), b1) 20 to 99 wt. % of a halogenated flame resistant agent, b2) 1 to 80 wt. % of a antimony oxide, C) 0.01 to 3 wt. % of at least one polyamide, D) 0.01 to 2 wt. % of at least one nigrosin, E) 0.01 to 3 wt. % of at least one anti-dripping agent and F) 0 to 70 wt. % of further adjuncts, whereby the sum of components A) to F) is 100%.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel pentabromobenzyl alkyl ethers serving as highly effective flame retardants in polymers. The invention further provides a fire retarded polymer composition comprising said pentabromobenzyl alkyl ethers.

Abstract: Polymeric substrates, for example polyolefins such as polypropylene, can be made flame retardant by the incorporation therein of a synergistic mixture of (i.) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of nitroxyl stabilizers, hydroxylamine stabilizers, nitrone stabilizers, substituted hydroxylamine stabilizers, amine oxide stabilizers, benzofuranone stabilizers phosphite and phosphonite stabilizers, quinone methide stabilizers and monoacrylate esters of 2,2?-alkylidenebisphenol stabilizers and (ii.) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of brominated flame retardants, phosphorus containing flame retardants and inorganic flame retardants such as ammonium polyphosphate or decabromodiphenyl oxide; wherein the amount of organic or inorganic flame retardant of component (ii.) required to achieve an acceptable level of flame retardancy is significantly reduced compared to that needed when component (i.) is not present.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polypropylene resin composition including a polypropylene resin having a melt flow rate of 4-18 g/10 minutes, a flame retardant additive having a low melting point, an antimony oxide, a UV stabilizer, a silane coupling agent, and titanium dioxide as a light-blocking agent. The resin composition of the invention produces products exhibiting excellent flame retarding properties, stability against weather, and maintainability of physical/mechanical properties as shown by maintaining the original flame retarding properties after long periods of outdoor exposure and hydrothermal dipping treatments.

Abstract: A thermoplastic resin composition for an electrical/electronic contact part according to the present invention includes a thermoplastic resin and a polyol, wherein the polyol is contained in a range of 0.2 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin. Alternatively, a thermoplastic resin composition for an electrical/electronic contact part according to the present invention includes: a thermoplastic resin; a halogenated aromatic compound which is contained in a range of 1 to 50 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin; and a double salt represented by at least one of (X2O)n.Sb2O5 and (YO)n.Sb2O5, where X represents a monovalent alkaline metal element, and Y represents a divalent alkaline earth metal element, and n represents a ratio of X2O or YO to Sb2O5 exceeding 0.7, the double salt having an adsorbed water elimination rate of not more than 50 min.

Abstract: The present invention concerns large spherical polymer particles with a narrow size distribution and a procedure for producing such particles. The procedure is characterized in that a seed polymerization is performed in which the start particles have a very high ability to absorb new monomer so that finished particles are obtained after only one stage of polymerization even if the finished particles are to be as large as in the range 10 to 100 ?m. The procedure is also characterized in that, when porous particles are produced, a porous structure can be formed in which the fraction of micropores is insignificant. Another characteristic feature of the procedure is that the size distribution of the finished particles is narrow and in some cases narrower than in the start particles.

Abstract: Polyolefin-based pallets capable of passing standard pallet flammability tests are prepared by molding the pallet or one or more subassemblies thereof, of a polyolefin molding resin containing a flame retardant package containing a halogenated organic flame retardant, alumina trihydrate, and antimony trioxide. The flame retardants are advantageously supplied as a master batch at a concentration higher than that desired in the pallet or subassembly, in a polyolefin-compatible polymer.

Abstract: Polyolefins, especially polypropylene, can be made flame retardant by the incorporation therein of a synergistic mixture of a selected hindered amine substituted by an alkoxy, cycloalkoxy or hydroxyalkoxy moiety and a selected organic or inorganic brominated and/or phosphorus containing flame retardant, such as ammonium polyphosphate or decabromodiphenyl oxide wherein the amount of organic or inorganic flame retardant required to achieve an acceptable level of flame retardancy is significantly reduced compared to that needed when the hindered amine is not present.

Abstract: The present invention provides a flame retardant resin composition, or more particularly, a flame retardant polypropylene resin composition which comprises polypropylene having improved flow melt characteristics, flame retardants, a flame retardant aid, and a tetrafluoroethylene polymer. The composition of the present invention has high melt tension, without deterioration of the mechanical properties of flame retardant polypropylene, and drastically enhanced characteristics of shape maintenance and a flaming drip during burning.

Abstract: Polyolefin-based pallets capable of passing standard pallet flammability tests are prepared by molding the pallet or one or more subassemblies thereof, of a polyolefin molding resin containing a flame retardant package containing a halogenated organic flame retardant, alumina trihydrate, and antimony frioxide. The flame retardants are advantageously supplied as a master batch at a concentration higher than that desired in the pallet or subassembly, in a polyolefin-compatible polymer.

Abstract: The flame retardant additive compositions comprise (a) one or more bromocycloaliphatic flame retardants; (b) one or more bromoaromatic flame retardants; and (c) one or more synthetic zeolites. Flame retardant polymer compositions comprising at least one thermoplastic polymer such as HIPS with which has been blended, singly and/or in one or more combinations, a flame retardant amount of at least (a), (b), and (c) have a very desirable balance of properties.

Abstract: A method of making a dry, solid, powdered flame retardant composition is disclosed. Polyvinyl chloride is mixed with about 20 to about 150 phr of a liquid flame retardant having the general formula at a temperature of about 50 to about 100° C., where R1 and R2 are independently selected from aliphatic from C2 to C20. Also disclosed are a dry, solid, powdered flame retardant composition made by this method, a method of making a flame retardant polymer by compounding that dry, solid, powdered flame retardant composition with a polymer, and a flame retardant polymer made by that method.

Abstract: A fire retardant polyamide composition comprising:

Abstract: Certain polyamide molding compositions are disclosed having improved flame resistance and heat stability. These compositions comprise in weight percent, 20-78% polyamide having a melting point of 280-340° C.; 10-60% inorganic filler; 10-35% flame retardant (brominated or chlorinated); 1-10% antimony compound; 1-10% of one or more oxides, hydroxides, or salts of weak mineral acids, and combinations thereof; and 0-2% heat stabilizer.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of dialkyl tetrahalophthalates. A tetrahalophthalic anhydride or acid is dissolved in excess C1-C18 alkanols. Residual sulfuric acid is removed by treatment with magnesium acetate or multiple water washes. The mass is esterified with a tetraalkyl titanate, and residual acidic components are removed by treatment with magnesium silicate. These treatments improve processability, production cycle time, product color, clarity and purity.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel process which comprises feeding a mixture formed from diphenylethane and bromine to a stirrable reaction mass comprised of bromine and a bromination catalyst to yield a decabromodiphenylethane wet cake which can be most economically treated to provide a high quality decabromodiphenylethane product.

Abstract: A polyamide composition, comprising: (A) 100 parts by weight of a polyamide, (B) from 10 to 200 parts by weight of an aromatic ring-containing bromine compound, and (C) from 0.1 to 100 parts by weight of at least one flame-retardant synergist selected from metal salts of stannic acid and alkaline earth metal salts of boric acid. The polyamide composition has good flame retardancy and heat resistance, and exhibits good thermal stability and continuous moldability when molded in melt, and it can be molded into good moldings having excellent appearances, especially fine color tone, without giving much gas.

Abstract: Improved flame retardant compositions suitable for insulating wire and cable products comprised of ethylene-alkoxy silane copolymer, halogenated organic compound, antimony trioxide, silane condensation catalyst and magnesium hydroxide are provided. Additionally, antioxidant(s), other mineral fillers and other conventional compounding ingredients may be included in the formulations. The compositions have good processability and are capable of being cured under ambient conditions to provide products which meet all of the specifications of SAE J-1128 for thin wall crosslinked polyolefin low tension primary cable insulation. Wire and cable products comprising a metal conductor coated with from 2 to 100 mils of the flame retardant insulation are also disclosed.