Abstract: An ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) including empty quarter desert sand (EQS) and micro-steel fibers (HyTUHPC). The ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) can have a high viscosity due to the presence of EQS.

Abstract: A cement composition comprising a hydraulic cement, water and a suspension agent comprising a polymer formed via emulsion polymerization, wherein the polymer has a weight average molecular weight of at least 600,000. The cement composition may be introduced into a wellbore to cement a casing in place within the wellbore. The cement composition is able to maintain consistency and thickness even at high temperatures above 350° F.

Abstract: A composition including: a first component A, includes: between 68 and 99.9 wt.-% of an aqueous dispersion of at least one polymer, the aqueous dispersion including the polymer with an amount of between 20 and 90 wt.-%; between 0 and 2 wt.-% of a nonionic or ionic dispersing agent; a second component B, includes: between 10 and 30 wt.-% of a nonionic, non-aqueous liquid carrier, between 0 and 20 wt.-% of calcium sulfate, between 10 and 89.9 wt.-% of at least one hydraulic binder, between 0 and 10 wt.-% of a thixotropy agent; wherein both components A and B are prepared and stored separately and mixed directly before application; and with the proviso that the first component A furthermore includes: between 0.1 and 15 wt.-% of a monovalent metal salt, and the second component B furthermore comprises: between 0.1 and 25 wt.-% of a polyamine.

Abstract: Provided is an oil leakage repairing material, wherein the oil leakage repairing material is a curable composition, oil absorption of the oil leakage repairing material before curing is 100% or greater, and oil absorption of the oil leakage repairing material after curing is 50% or less.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing a pulverulent composition comprising at least one polymeric dispersant (PD) which comprises structural units having anionic and/or anionogenic groups and structural units having polyether side chains, and at least one polysaccharide (PS). The process here comprises the process steps: a) production of an aqueous dispersion having a viscosity of the dispersion of less than 10 000 mPa·s, comprising the at least one polymeric dispersant (PD) and the at least one polysaccharide (PS) and b) spray drying of the aqueous dispersion produced in process step a). Furthermore, the use of the pulverulent composition according to the invention in inorganic binder compositions, especially as a rheological additive, is disclosed.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a process including providing a polyolefin aqueous dispersion having (50) to (90) wt % solids content of dispersion, the polyolefin aqueous dispersion containing solid particles containing a polyolefin including an ethylene-based polymer having a melting temperature from greater than (115)° C. to (140)° C., polyolefin wax, acrylic dispersant; and an aqueous phase including excess acrylic dispersant; adding diluting water to form a diluted polyolefin aqueous dispersion having (5) to less than (50) wt % solids content; collecting the solid particles; washing the solid particles with a washing agent to remove the excess acrylic dispersant; and removing the washing agent to form a powder having a mean volume average particle size from (10) to (300) ?m, a sphericity from (0.92) to (1.0), a particle size distribution from (1) to less than (2), a particle density from (98)% to (100)%, and a flow rate in a large funnel from (1) to (5) seconds.

Abstract: What are described are copolymers containing cationic structural units and macromonomeric structural units. The copolymers are, for example, advantageously suitable for use in detergent compositions and lead to advantageous shine results, for example, after application on hard surfaces.

Abstract: A cement composition can include: water; cement, wherein less than 75 w/w % of the total amount of the cement is Portland cement; and a fluid loss additive, wherein the fluid loss additive comprises a polymer network having at least one branching point formed with a monomer and a cross-linking agent that comprises at least three active functional groups. The cement can also be a non-Portland cement. The monomer can be a vinyl ester-based monomer that is polymerized with the cross-linking agent to form the polymer network. The cement composition can be used in an oil and gas operation.

Abstract: Provided are methods of forming a chemically strengthened glass-based article. Certain methods comprise: providing a glass-based substrate comprising a first surface and a second surface opposing the first surface defining a thickness (t), a length dimension, a width, and a weight; and ion exchanging a plurality of alkali ions into the glass-based substrate to form a non-zero alkali metal oxide concentration that varies along at least a substantial portion of the thickness (t). The ion exchanging comprises immersing a glass-based substrate in a molten salt bath comprising at least about 90% by weight KNO3, and less than about 10% by weight NaNO3 for a time in the range of 70% to 130% of the ion exchange time that produces a peak central tension (CT) with the same molten salt bath composition and temperature. Also provided are ion exchanged glass-based articles prepared by said methods.

Abstract: A low carbon footprint material is used to decrease the carbon dioxide emission for production of a high carbon footprint substance. A method of forming composite materials comprises providing a first high carbon footprint substance; providing a carbon nanomaterial produced with a carbon-footprint of less than 10 unit weight of carbon dioxide (CO2) emission during production of 1 unit weight of the carbon nanomaterial; and forming a composite comprising the high carbon footprint substance and from 0.001 wt % to 25 wt % of the carbon nanomaterial, wherein the carbon nanomaterial is homogeneously dispersed in the composite to reduce the carbon dioxide emission for producing the composite material relative to the high carbon footprint substance.

Abstract: A method for preparing comb structure temperature/pH-responsive polycarboxylic acid by end-group functionalization adopts temperature/pH-responsive monomer, unsaturated halogenated hydrocarbon, small monomer of carboxylic acid and other raw materials to prepare polycarboxylic acid material via self-polymerization, substitution and copolymerization. Temperature/pH-responsive monomers are first self-polymerized to obtain temperature/pH-responsive polymer chain with end-group functionalization, and then substitution with unsaturated halogenated hydrocarbons is conducted to obtain temperature/pH-responsive macromonomers with end-group functionalization, finally the obtained product is copolymerized with small carboxylic acid monomers to prepare comb structure polymer with polycarboxylic acid main chain and temperature/pH-responsive side chain.

Abstract: Tiles are adhesively bonded to substrates such as kitchen or bathroom walls by a process in which a tile adhesive is used, the tile adhesive being a one component RTV-1 moisture-curable tile adhesives having properties superior to conventional cementitious and RTU tile adhesives, which contain at least one low viscosity alkoxysilyl-functional polymer, a silicone resin, an aminoalkyl-functional alkoxysilane or partial hydrolysate thereof, and in excess of 60 weight percent mineral filler, of which at least 50 weight percent is a non-reinforcing filler.

Abstract: A lightweight thermal insulating cement-based material is formed from a mixture that includes cement, water and a foaming agent. The foaming agent can be an aluminum powder or a surfactant. The insulating material has a maximum use temperature of about 900 degrees Celsius or more.

Abstract: A cement-based material is formed from a mixture that includes cement in the range of about 40 to 90% by wet weight percent, a lightweight expanded aggregate in the range of about 10 to 60% by wet weight percent, a secondary material in the range of about 0.1 to 50% by wet weight percent, a reinforcement fiber in the range of about 1 to 20% by wet weight percent, a rheology modifying agent in the range of about 0.5 to 10% by wet weight percent, a retarder in the range of about 0.1 to 8% by wet weight percent, and water in the range of 10 to 60% of a total wet material weight.

Abstract: An admixture for a hydraulic composition includes a polycondensation product P containing a copolymer prepared by polycondensation of a monomer mixture containing compounds A to C of the following Formulae (A) to (C); and a polycarboxylic acid-based polymer Q including a structural unit having an amino and an imino group, and/or a structural unit having an amino, imino, and amido group: (wherein R1 is a hydrogen atom, alkyl, or alkenyl group; A1O is a C2-4 alkylene oxide group; p is a number of 1 to 300; and X is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl, or acyl group; R2 is an alkyl or alkenyl group; A2O is a C2-4 alkylene oxide group; q is a number of 1 to 300; and Y1 is a phosphate ester group; and R3 is a hydrogen atom, carboxy, alkyl, alkenyl, phenyl, naphthyl, or heterocyclic group; and r is a number of 1 to 100).

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel isolated bacterial strains, which are members of the genus Paenibacillus, originally isolated from soil and showing antagonistic activity against a broad range of pathogens and being capable of producing antimicrobial metabolites. It was found that the strains Lu16774 and Lu17007 belong to a novel subspecies named Paenibacillus polymyxa ssp. plantarum while the strain Lu17015 belongs to a novel species which is proposed to be Paenibacillus epiphyticus. The present invention also relates to microbial pesticide compositions comprising at least one of such novel bacterial strains, whole culture broth or a cell-free extract or a fraction thereof or at least one metabolite thereof, and/or a mutant of at least one of said novel bacterial strains having all the identifying characteristics of the respective bacterial strain or whole culture broth, cell-free extract, fraction and/or metabolite of the mutant thereof showing antagonistic activity against plant pathogens.

Abstract: A resin coated proppant capable of self-bonding at temperatures as low as 70° F. (˜21° C.) is made from an aqueous dispersion of a self-bonding vinyl aromatic/acrylic ester addition copolymer.

Abstract: Methods for plasticizing cementitious mixtures having relatively high water/cement ratio (at least 0.

Abstract: The invention is generally related to a process for producing a relatively high molecular weight poly(methacrylic acid) (“PMAA”) in a water-based system. The process of the invention comprises polymerization of from about 1% to about 20% by weight of methacrylic acid in water or a water-based system in the presence of thiol compound and an azo radical initiator under controlled reaction and process conditions. A process of the invention can be easily scaled up into the pilot scale for producing large quantities of high molecular weight PMAAs. The invention is also related to high molecular weight poly(methacrylic acid)s obtained according to a process of the invention.

Abstract: A cementitious adhesive composition, in particular a tile adhesive, especially for use in automatic tiling systems, includes 10-70 wt.-% of a hydraulic binder, in particular cement, 20-90 wt.-% of aggregates, in particular sand and/or calcium carbonate, and 0.01-5 wt.-% cellulose ether.

Abstract: A process for preparing a polymer mixture containing at least two different comb polymers, wherein the comb polymers each have a polymer backbone having side chains attached via ester and/or amide groups, which process includes the steps of: a) providing and/or preparing a reaction mixture containing at least a first base polymer bearing acid groups and a second base polymer bearing acid groups, wherein the two base polymers differ chemically; b) conjointly esterifying and/or amidating the two base polymers with at least one unilaterally hydroxyl-terminated side chain compound and/or with at least one unilaterally amino-terminated side chain compound to obtain at least two different comb polymers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing aggregates from concrete residues which are not used for construction purposes or, more generally, from cement mixtures which are unused for any reason and returned to the production facility in the truck mixer. The present invention also relates to the material obtained by said process and its use as an aggregate for concrete production or other applications.

Abstract: A process for preparing a polymer mixture containing at least two different comb polymers, wherein the comb polymers each have a polymer backbone having side chains attached via ester and/or amide groups, which process includes the steps of: a) providing and/or preparing a reaction mixture containing at least a first base polymer bearing acid groups and a second base polymer bearing acid groups, wherein the two base polymers differ chemically; b) conjointly esterifying and/or amidating the two base polymers with at least one unilaterally hydroxyl-terminated side chain compound and/or with at least one unilaterally amino-terminated side chain compound to obtain at least two different comb polymers.

Abstract: Materials and methods for joining wallboard panels may include joint compounds that include one or more filler materials (e.g., perlite, calcium carbonate, kaolin, and attapulgite), binder materials (e.g., polyvinyl acetates, acrylics, polyvinyl alcohols, re-dispersible powders, ethylene vinyl acetates, and starches), additives (e.g., hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, preservatives, Potassium Bitartrate, antifreeze and/or plasticizers), thickeners, and/or suspending agents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to admixtures, especially a dispersant for solid particles, in particular a dispersant for mineral binder compositions, comprising: a) a superplasticizer and b) a copolymer having a polymer backbone and side chains bonded thereto, comprising at least one ionizable monomer unit M1 and at least one side chain-bearing monomer unit M2, wherein the copolymer has a nonrandom distribution of the monomer units M1 and/or the monomer units M2 in a direction along the polymer backbone, and wherein the superplasticizer and the copolymer differ from a chemical and/or structural point of view.

Abstract: An oil well cement settlement stabilizer is ternary cement settlement stabilizer or quaternary cement settlement stabilizer; wherein the quaternary cement settlement stabilizer containing structural units A represented by formula (I), structural units B represented by formula (II), structural units C represented by formula (III), and structural units D represented by formula (IV); Wherein the ternary cement settlement stabilizer containing structural units A represented by formula (I), structural units B represented by formula (II), and structural units D represented by formula (IV);

Abstract: Alkoxylated fatty acids are disclosed herein, as well as methods of making and using such compounds. In some embodiments, the alkoxylated fatty acids are formed from monomers derived from natural oils. In some embodiments, the alkoxylated fatty acids are used as surfactants for making synthetic latex by emulsion polymerization. In some other embodiments, the alkoxylated fatty acids are used as surfactants for making synthetic rubber, such as styrene-butadiene rubber. In some other embodiments, the alkoxylated fatty acids are used as surfactants in a composition for treatment of gas or oil wells, for cleaning applications, for use in various laundry-related applications, for use in personal care compositions, or for use as solvents for coating applications, such as reactive and non-reactive waterborne coating applications.

Abstract: A system for forming a coating on a substrate is provided. The system includes a first mix having a cement, a filler, a defoamer, a cement retarder, a dispersing agent, or any combination thereof. The system additionally includes a second mix having a fatty acid derivative, a synthetic resin, one or more organosilicon compounds, a pigment, a thickener, or any combination thereof. A coating composition is formed by mixing the first and second mix together. Lastly, the system includes a spraying apparatus that applies a wet film to the substrate wherein the cured coating does not yield to wet-rubs and does not stain (effloresce) with cold distilled water.

Abstract: Composition including at least one hydrocarbon-containing cut of petroleum origin or obtained from biomass conversion (a) and at least one copolymer (b) resulting from the copolymerization of: at least one monomer selected from: acrylic acid and any salt thereof, optionally at least one monomer selected from: methacrylic acid and any salt thereof, at least one monomer selected from the monomers of formula (I): R—X—R???(I) according to which R represents a polymerizable unsaturated function, R? denotes hydrogen or an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, X represents a structure including n unit(s) of ethylene oxide EO and m unit(s) of propylene oxide PO, m and n are two integers in the range from 0 to 150, at least one of which is not zero.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cement or a refractory concrete composition, including, by weight, as compared to its total weight at least: (a) from 20% to 70% of at least one aluminum organic acid, (b) from 3% to 20% of at least one deflocculant chosen from a carboxylic acid polymer, a carboxylic acid, a salt thereof, or one of their combinations, and, (c) from 7% to 44% of at least one mineral oxide. Also disclosed is the use of such an adjuvant to improve the drying time of a refractory concrete composition or to improve the permeability of a refractory concrete composition, as well as a cement composition and to a refractory concrete composition, each including such an adjuvant.

Abstract: Novel copolymers obtained by polymerisation a mixture of monomers comprising: at least one anionic monomer (a) comprising a polymerisable unsaturated function and a carboxylic group; and at least one monomer (b) of formula (I): H2C?C(—R1)—(CH2)p—O-[(EO)n—(PO)m]—H??(I) where [(EO)n—(PO)m] represents a polyalkoxylated chain consisting of ethoxylated units EO and propoxylated units PO, distributed into blocks, alternating or statistical, the molar proportion of the ethoxylated units in the polyalkoxylated chain (n)/(m+n) being greater than or equal to 70% and strictly less than 90%. In addition, hydraulic composition, for example concrete compositions, comprising such copolymers, and the use of said copolymers as water-reducing agents in hydraulic compositions and for increasing the early mechanical strength of a hydraulic composition.

Abstract: A gypsum slurry includes water, a hydraulic component including calcium sulfate hemihydrate and a linear polycarboxylate dispersant. The linear polycarboxylate anionic dispersant includes a first monomeric repeating unit and a second monomeric repeating unit. The first repeating unit of the linear polycarboxylate dispersant is an olefinic unsaturated carboxylic acid repeating unit or salt thereof. The second repeating unit of the linear polycarboxylate dispersant is a vinyl sulfonate. The slurry can be made into a gypsum panel. Methods of making gypsum slurry and a gypsum panel are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of finishing an interior wall includes the steps of preparing a substrate of building panels including gypsum, cement or combinations thereof, the substrate having a surface, followed by applying a coating to the substrate, the coating having 1-30% by weight of a latex emulsion binder, 30-80% by weight calcium sulfate hemihydrate, up to about 8% by weight of a set inhibiting agent and 20-60% by weight water.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pulverulent composition which can be produced by bringing a powder which comprises at least one inorganic binder into contact with from 0.01 to 10% by weight, based on the total mass of the composition, of a liquid component comprising at least one copolymer which can be obtained by polymerization of a mixture of monomers comprising (I) at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer which comprises at least one radical selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid salt, carboxylic esters, carboxamide, carboxylic anhydride and carboximide and (II) at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a polyalkylene oxide radical, where the liquid component contains at least 1% by weight of the at least one copolymer and at least 30% by weight of an organic solvent. Furthermore, a process for producing the liquid component, the use thereof and also specific copolymers are disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to fiber-containing concrete compositions containing hydraulically setting binders, fillers, one or more fibers, and possibly other additives or admixtures, characterized in that one or more vinylester-ethylene copolymers are contained as additional components.

Abstract: The present invention aims to provide a shrinkage reducing agent that exhibits high performance to reduce the shrinkage of hydraulic materials. The present invention relates to a shrinkage reducing agent for a hydraulic material including a compound that satisfies the following conditions (1) to (4): (1) a ratio represented by {(15-drop flow value of a mortar composition containing the compound)/(15-drop flow value of a mortar free from the compound)}×100 is 120 or less, wherein the (15-drop flow value of a mortar composition containing the compound) means a 15-drop flow value of a mortar composition containing the compound at a solid concentration of 0.

Abstract: Alkoxylated fatty acids are disclosed herein, as well as methods of making and using such compounds. In some embodiments, the alkoxylated fatty acids are formed from monomers derived from natural oils. In some embodiments, the alkoxylated fatty acids are used as surfactants for making synthetic latex by emulsion polymerization. In some other embodiments, the alkoxylated fatty acids are used as surfactants for making synthetic rubber, such as styrene-butadiene rubber. In some other embodiments, the alkoxylated fatty acids are used as surfactants in a composition for treatment of gas or oil wells, for cleaning applications, for use in various laundry-related applications, for use in personal care compositions, or for use as solvents for coating applications, such as reactive and non-reactive waterborne coating applications.

Abstract: The invention relates to a polymer which is obtainable by copolymerizing monomers comprising at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer which comprises at least one acid group and at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer (II) having polyether groups with 5 to 35 repeating units and at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer (III) having polyether groups with 45 to 150 repeating units, the molar ratio of monomer (II) to monomer (III) being between 75:25 and 99.5:0.5. Further disclosed are the use of the polymer of the invention as an admixture for inorganic binder compositions, and a composition in powder form comprising an inorganic binder and the polymer of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a stable aqueous pigment dispersion including: an aqueous medium, pigment particles, and from 0.1% to 15%, by weight based on the weight of pigment, of a certain first water-soluble polymer; and 2) a certain second water-soluble polymer; wherein the dispersant comprises a proportion of the first polymer to the second polymer of from 0.1:1 to 10:1 on a solids basis, and the first polymer and the second polymer are miscible in those proportions; and wherein the dispersant is substantially free of structural units of phosphorus acid monomers and their salts. The invention also relates to a method for forming the stable aqueous dispersion and a dry coating formed from the aqueous dispersion. The stable aqueous dispersion is useful, inter alia, for forming certain composite particles.

Abstract: A brick includes a thermoplastic material, such as high density polyethylene (HDPE), and a cement-containing material. The brick may be made by mixing thermoplastic material and dry, uncured cement-containing material. This mixture is placed in a mold. The mold is heated while the mixture is compressed to melt or soften the thermoplastic material and to bind the particulate material in the mold into the shape of a brick. After the hardened brick is removed from the mold, the surface of the brick may be sprayed with water to cure cement-containing material on the surface of the brick.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an additive for hydraulically setting compositions, comprising a colloidally disperse preparation of at least one salt of a mono- or polyvalent metal cation and of at least one compound which is able to release an anion which forms a low-solubility salt with the metal cation, and of at least one polymeric sulphonated dispersant. The additive is suitable particularly as a slump retainer.

Abstract: A concrete mix design having a slump class from S1 to S5 or a flow class from F1 to F6 and a workability retention between 10 minutes and 120 minutes, comprising from 150 to 600 kg of cement per cubic meter of concrete, aggregates selected from the group consisting of sand, fine aggregates, coarse aggregates or combinations thereof containing between 0.5 wt. % and 75 wt. % of phyllosilicates, is characterized in that the concrete mix design includes an admixture system 1 which is based on 100% polycarboxylate ether based copolymer (PCE), the admixture system 1 comprising at least one component B1 being a PCE copolymer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a white or colored cementitious mixture for the manufacture of micro-concrete or normal concrete, mortar or pastes with thermochromatic properties, i.e., changing its color depending on the temperature at which the material is exposed. This color change is reversible after some time of exposure to another level of temperature. This cementitious mixture comprises the following components, in percentage in weight of the components relative to the total weight of the composition: a) 35-80% of white or gray Portland cement; b) 0.1-30% of finely ground limestone filler; c) 0.01-3% of powdered super-plasticizer; d) 0.01-3% of modified polyvinyl resins; e) 0.01-5% of dispersant of vinyl acetate and ethylene copolymers; f) 0.3-15% of encapsulated photochromic copolymers; and also one or more components selected from: g) 1-10% of binding regulator; h) 0.1-4% of zinc stearate; i) 1-20% of metakaolins; j) 5-60% of artificial pozzolans; k) 0.1-15% of inorganic pigments.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition and method for modifying a hydratable cementitious composition such as concrete or mortar using at least three different, distinct carboxylate polymers, even when clay is present in the concrete or mortar that would otherwise diminish dosage efficiency of polycarboxylate polymer used as dispersant. The three polycarboxylate polymers, designated as Polymer I, Polymer II, and Polymer II, are derived from monomer Components A, B, and C wherein Component A is an unsaturated carboxylic acid, Component B is a polyoxyalkylene, and Component C is an unsaturated carboxylate ester. The component molar ratio ranges for A:B:C are different as between Polymers I and II; while a distinct component molar ratio A:B+C is identified for Polymer III. When treated with these three different polycarboxylate polymers, the hydratable cementitious composition is surprisingly enhanced in terms of initial workability and slump retention, especially if clay is present.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition comprising 1 to 70 wt % of at least one copolymer obtainable by polymerizing a mixture of monomers comprising (I) at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer which comprises at least one radical from the series carboxylic acid, carboxylic salt, carboxylic ester, carboxylic amide, carboxylic anhydride, and carboxylic imide, and (II) at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a polyalkylene oxide radical, 0.01 to 10 wt % of at least one emulsifier, and 30 to 98 wt % of at least one hydrocarbon liquid at 20° C. or a hydrocarbon mixture. Also disclosed are a process for preparing the composition, and a pulverulent mixture comprising the composition of the invention.

Abstract: A copolymer, in particular a dispersing agent for hydraulically setting systems, includes at least three structural units S1, S2, S3 and optionally a further structural unit S4.

Abstract: Organic compounds containing at least one nitrogen atom are particularly suitable as retarders for geopolymeric systems employed as well cements. Preferred compounds include aminated polymers, amine phosphonates, quaternary ammonium compounds and tertiary amines. The geopolymeric compositions are suitable for primary cementing and remedial cementing operations. The preferred temperature range within which the retarders operate is between about 20° C. and 120° C.

Abstract: A comb polymer that is a dispersant in a binder composition includes an alkaline activating agent, wherein the activating agent is intended for activation of a latently hydraulic and/or puzzolanic binder, and wherein the comb polymer has a polymer backbone formed from a plurality of backbone monomers and a plurality of polymeric side chains each formed from a plurality of side chain monomers and bonded thereto, and wherein at least some of the backbone monomers have one or more ionizable groups, and features a structure constant K of the comb polymer, defined as K=[(N?1)z]2/nP915N3/5×105, at least equal to 70, where n is the average number of side chains per comb polymer molecule, N is the average number of backbone monomers per side chain, P is the average number of side chain monomers per side chain, and z is the average number of ionizable groups per side chain-free backbone monomer.

Abstract: A concrete composition and method include a portion of fine aggregate bearing a coating of a polymer, which may be a continuous coating layer or a layer of powdered, discrete particles embedded in a binder. The polymeric coating may be a super absorbent polymer (insoluble in water, but absorbing water), or another polymer such as the acrylamides, co-polymers thereof, polyacrylamides, or the like (soluble in water). The coating absorbs water, but particles are too small to form significant voids. Water is absorbed into the concrete mix in far greater proportions (e.g. w/c ratio over 0.5) improving workability, doubling workability time, and improving ultimate compressive stress (strength).

Abstract: A self-priming spackling compound includes between about 35% by weight and about 65% by weight acrylic latex resin, between about 20% by weight and about 50% by weight filler material, and between about 1% by weight and about 20% by weight water. In certain aspects, the latex resin may have an average latex particle size of less than about 0.18 microns, a minimum film formation temperature of less than about 15 degrees Celsius, and/or a glass transition temperature (Tg) of less than about 25 degrees Celsius. To further enhance the self-priming performance of the spackling compound, the formulation may further comprise a colorant such as titanium dioxide.