Ester Patents (Class 524/51)
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Patent number: 5407979Abstract: A biodegradable thermoplastic film is disclosed comprising an alkanoyl polymer, a destructured starch and an ethylene copolymer. The film can be stretched providing breathability and enhancing its biodegradability.Type: GrantFiled: May 6, 1993Date of Patent: April 18, 1995Assignee: Clopay Plastic Products Company, Inc.Inventors: Pai-Chuan Wu, Gene W. Palmer, Wendell R. High
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Patent number: 5360845Abstract: Hot melt adhesive compositions comprising selected modified starch esters as the main or base adhesive material wherein the starch ester has an ester component of about 2 to 18 carbon atoms and a DS of from about 0.3 to 3.0 and a sufficient amount of a non-volatile, polar organic diluent to allow the composition to melt and have a viscosity of less than 50,000 cP at an application temperature of 400.degree. F. or less.Type: GrantFiled: August 13, 1993Date of Patent: November 1, 1994Assignee: National Starch and Chemical Investment Holding CorporationInventors: Robert J. Billmers, Charles W. Paul, Stephen F. Hatfield, Thomas F. Kauffman
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Patent number: 5358998Abstract: Aqueous polymer dispersions containing polymers obtainable by free-radical polymerization of unsaturated monomers, and sugared starch, and the use thereof.Type: GrantFiled: October 7, 1992Date of Patent: October 25, 1994Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Kurt Wendel, Thomas Schwerzel, Guenter Hirsch
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Patent number: 5346936Abstract: A biodegradable, single-phase starch/polymer mixture comprising(a) 10 to 99 parts of a starch molding composition comprising(i) 95 to 45 parts of at least one chemically modified starch, and(ii) 5 to 55 parts of at least one emulsifier, plasticizer or destructurizing agent, the parts of (i) and (ii) adding up to 100; and(b) 90 to 1 parts of at least one linear polymer, the parts by weight of components (a) and (b) adding up to 100. In addition, 0 to 20 parts of additives which are customary in this area are included. A method of preparation, and the use thereof for thermoplastically molded parts, in particular films, is also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: June 15, 1992Date of Patent: September 13, 1994Assignee: EMS-Inventa AGInventors: Friedrich S. Buehler, Eduard Schmid, Hans-Joachim Schultze
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Patent number: 5314934Abstract: In order to produce a polymer mixture essentially consisting of starch and a polyolefin up to 70 wt. % of thermoplastically processable starch is mixed with 10 to 40 wt. % polyolefin and 10 to 35 wt. % ethylene/acrylate/maleic anhydride terpolymer. During this mixing process an esterification reaction takes place between the maleic anhydride groups in the terpolymer with free hydroxyl groups in the starch according to the general reaction process (I).Type: GrantFiled: February 18, 1993Date of Patent: May 24, 1994Inventor: Ivan Tomka
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Patent number: 5312850Abstract: Hot melt adhesive compositions are prepared from 20 to 98% by weight of a polylactide homo- or copolymer containing at least 20 molar percent of the lactide component; 2 to 80% by weight of a polar tackifier having a Ring and Ball softening point (as described by ASTM E-26) greater than about 60.degree. C.; 0 to 50% by weight of a plasticizer; 0 to 30% by weight of a wax diluent; 0-3% by weight of a stabilizer; and 0-20% of starch. By utilizing a naturally occurring, thermoplastic, biodegradable copolymer as the base polymer, these adhesives advance the state of the art of hot melt adhesives by alleviating the dependence on petroleum based materials and by allowing for the development of hot melt adhesives which either degrade naturally after coming in contact with the soil or which can be composted.Type: GrantFiled: January 4, 1993Date of Patent: May 17, 1994Assignee: National Starch and Chemical Investment Holding CorporationInventors: Carmine P. Iovine, Thomas F. Kauffman, Jules E. Schoenberg, Paul P. Puletti
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Patent number: 5286770Abstract: An absorbent article, such as diapers and the like, comprises a liquid pervious topsheet, a liquid impervious backsheet joined with said topsheet and an absorbent core positioned between said topsheet and said backsheet, said backsheet comprising a flexible starch based film comprising starch, a synthetic thermoplastic polymer of at least one ethylenically insaturated monomer, said polymer having repeating units provided with at least a polar group, wherein the starch and the polymer form an at least partially interpenetrated network, and moisture.Type: GrantFiled: August 13, 1991Date of Patent: February 15, 1994Assignee: Novamont S.P.A.Inventors: Catia Bastioli, Vittorio Bellotti, Giancarlo Romano
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Patent number: 5254607Abstract: Liquid impervious, biodegradable films are disclosed. In particular, the films comprise a blend of an interpenetrated network of destructurized starch with ethylene/acrylic acid copolymers or ethylene/vinyl alcohol copolymers, and an aliphatic polyester such as polycaprolactone. Diapers, sanitary napkins, pantiliners, and the like, containing backsheets prepared from the foregoing materials are also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: June 26, 1991Date of Patent: October 19, 1993Assignee: Tredegar Industries, Inc.Inventors: Robert K. McBride, James M. Adams, Peter I. Chang, Carl D. Ray
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Patent number: 5116890Abstract: A water-dispersible, self-crosslinking non-formaldehyde latex is prepared by reacting a starch-polymer graft with a glyoxal compound at temperatures of at least 70.degree. C. to produce a stable emulsion with low viscosity and which upon drying and curing provides a film having good tensile, elongation, water resistance and anti-wicking properties.Type: GrantFiled: June 20, 1991Date of Patent: May 26, 1992Assignee: Sequa Chemicals, Inc.Inventors: William C. Floyd, Louis R. Dragner
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Patent number: 4997862Abstract: Preparing a composition by mixing colloidal particles selected from the group consisting of silica, tin oxide and antimony pentoxide with a polyester resin in an aqueous medium with proper neutralization to substantially encapsulate the particles in the resin. The solids ratio of particles to resin is in the range of approximately 1 to 7-10. The resulting product with encapsulated particles can be used as a textile sizing in the case of silica, or as a catalyst as in the case of tin oxide and antimony pentoxide.Type: GrantFiled: February 29, 1988Date of Patent: March 5, 1991Inventor: John C. Lark
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Patent number: 4941922Abstract: An improved starch-based adhesive includes an adhesive of the carrier, no-carrier or carrier-no-carrier type and a quantity of fibers dispersed in the adhesive in an amount of from about 2.2 to about 22 pounds of fiber per 100 gallons of adhesive. The fibers may be selected from any of a large variety of natural or synthetic materials having desired properties for adhesion and dispersion, and yielding improved adhesive characteristics including increased waterproofness, dry strength, viscosity and adhesiveness.Type: GrantFiled: March 20, 1989Date of Patent: July 17, 1990Assignee: Harper/Love Adhesives CorporationInventor: Peter A. Snyder
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Patent number: 4845152Abstract: Tape joint compounds are prepared using as binders therefor vinyl ester polymers prepared by conventional emulsion polymerization techniques employing, as the stabilizer therein, an acid converted or enzyme modified starch having a water fluidity of 10 to 85.Type: GrantFiled: July 5, 1988Date of Patent: July 4, 1989Assignee: National Starch and Chemical CorporationInventor: Joseph G. Palmer
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Patent number: 4841040Abstract: A novel phosphated, oxidized starch having a molecular weight of about 1,500 to about 40,000 Daltons, a carboxyl degree of substitution of 0.30 to 0.96, and a phosphate degree of substitution of from about 0.002 to about 0.005, which is useful as a dispersant for aqueous, high-solid slurries of minerals and inorganic pigments, as a replacement for gum arabic in gumming and fountain solutions for lithography, and as a drilling fluid additive.Type: GrantFiled: December 9, 1987Date of Patent: June 20, 1989Assignee: Aqualon CompanyInventors: Ernst K. Just, Robert G. Nickol
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Patent number: 4781781Abstract: A solid flexible polymeric material is formed by solidifying a water-based latex which contains an inorganic filler. The filler is sand and this may be stabilized in the latex with xanthan gum. The solid material may be a foamed or non-foamed layer which may be used as integral carpet backing, as carpet underlay, or as an adhesive for bonding a reinforcing fabric to the back of carpeting.Type: GrantFiled: August 27, 1987Date of Patent: November 1, 1988Inventor: Gerald Hallworth
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Patent number: 4772646Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid suspension of a high molecular weight, water-soluble polymer or water-soluble salt prepared by admixing and water-soluble polymer with a hydrocarbon carrier fluid and a suspending agent comprising an aqueous emulsion of a copolymer comprising a water-insoluble and substantially hydrocarbon-insoluble polymer consisting of particles having a dry weight average particle size of below 10 .mu.m and which is formed from monomers of which 80% to 100% are hydrophobic, 30 to 100% are polar and 0% to 20% are hydrophilic. More particularly, the copolymer comprises from about 80% to about 100% C.sub.1-30 alkyl methacrylate monomers and from about 0% to about 20% hydrophilic monomers. Preferably, the copolymer comprises 90% to 100% 2-ethylhexylacrylate and from about 0.5% to about 10% acrylic acid. The liquid suspension is capable of supporting about 5 pounds of water-soluble polymer per gallon of suspension.Type: GrantFiled: November 17, 1986Date of Patent: September 20, 1988Assignee: Halliburton CompanyInventors: Weldon M. Harms, Lewis R. Norman
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Patent number: 4728679Abstract: A strength enhancing composition for treating textile materials in the sizing or dyeing process has been developed by the encapsulation or occlusion of colloidal silica particles with a water reducible polyester resin of intermediate molecular weight. The complex formation of the resin colloidal silica species is accomplished in an aqueous medium. The resin is prepared from isophthalic acid, diethylene glycol and trimellitic axhydride followed by neutralization with amine containing material to render the resin reducible in water. The composition may be combined with any of the conventional size materials, i.e. polyvinyl alcohol, starches, lubricants, etc., to enhance the performance of the sizing composition. The silica/resin complex may be formed in situ, or may be preformed, dried and pulverized for later use or for mixing with conventional, dry, sizing materials.Type: GrantFiled: January 31, 1986Date of Patent: March 1, 1988Inventor: John C. Lark
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Patent number: 4726809Abstract: A novel starch used in a size composition is disclosed. The novel starch is a quaternary ammonium ether and acyl ester of starch which has a DS of quaternary ammonium ether of between 0.02 to 0.2 and a DS of acyl ester of between 0.01 to 0.3. The size composition is made from the novel starch and polyvinyl alcohol in a ratio of starch: polyvinyl alcohol of between 1:9 to 10:0. The method of making the size composition and the method of applying the size composition to the yarn is disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: May 19, 1986Date of Patent: February 23, 1988Assignee: American Maize-Products CompanyInventors: Edward D. DeBoer, Kenneth R. Yahl
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Patent number: 4704416Abstract: Aqueous redispersible powders which contain a water-soluble polymer and at least one organic silicon compound, in which at least 50 percent by weight of the organic silicon compound(s) used to prepare these powders are liquid or solid at room temperature at 1,020 hPa (abs.), have a boiling point of at least 150.degree. C. at 1,020 hPa (abs.), and contain an average of not more than 1.8 SiC-bonded organic radicals per silicon atom, and have at least one hydrogen atom bonded directly to silicon per molecule, or at least one hydroxy group bonded to silicon per molecule, or at least one hydrocarbon radical bonded to silicon via oxygen per molecule which may be substituted by an alkoxy group, or a mixture of at least two such condensable substituents in which the organic silicon compound(s) are used in an amount of at least 30 percent by weight, based on the total weight of the powder (calculated as anhydrous powder).Type: GrantFiled: October 8, 1986Date of Patent: November 3, 1987Assignee: Wacker-Chemie GmbHInventors: Herbert Eck, Michael Roth
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Patent number: 4419316Abstract: A process of preparing film, fibers and other shaped articles by nitrosating a polyhydroxy polymer in a reaction medium containing a solubilizing agent for the resulting polyhydroxy polymer nitrite ester and a suitable proton acceptor, bringing the reaction mixture into the desired shape and regenerating and separating the polyhydroxy polymer by contact with a protic solvent in the presence of an acid catalyst. The polyhydroxy polymer may be a polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose or other polysaccharide, and mixtures thereof. Also dissolved in the reaction medium may be an organic solvent soluble polymer substantially lacking hydroxyl groups. If mixtures of polyhydroxy polymers or of polyhydroxy polymers lacking hydroxyl groups and organic solvent soluble polymers are employed the resulting films, fibers or other shaped articles consist of homogeneous and intimate mixtures of all the polymers originally present in solution.Type: GrantFiled: October 29, 1980Date of Patent: December 6, 1983Inventor: Richard G. Schweiger
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Patent number: 4405731Abstract: Polycarbonate compositions comprising an aromatic polycarbonate resin, wherein dispersed are starch particulates, are particularly suitable for the preparation of films having a low coefficient of static friction, high light transmission and are virtually free of haze.Type: GrantFiled: January 12, 1982Date of Patent: September 20, 1983Assignee: Mobay Chemical CorporationInventor: Russell P. Carter, Jr.
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Patent number: 4393202Abstract: The production rate and yield resulting from the dewatering of starch conversion products containing swollen starch granules resulting from treatments with cationic reagents is improved by the addition to the starch slurry of a water soluble anionic polymer.Type: GrantFiled: August 17, 1982Date of Patent: July 12, 1983Assignee: National Starch and Chemical CorporationInventor: William F. Breuninger
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Patent number: 4374217Abstract: A cold-setting starch adhesive comprising the mixture of three different types of corn starch having widely different properties, i.e., high amylose corn starch having an amylose content of at least 50%, ordinary corn starch and waxy corn starch, in specific proportions. The adhesive shows excellent properties due to the effective combination of the outstanding properties of the individual types of starch.Type: GrantFiled: December 29, 1981Date of Patent: February 15, 1983Assignee: Hohnen Oil Co., Ltd.Inventors: Kanichi Miyake, Masahiro Tokuda, Takaaki Aoki, Hideaki Miyakawa, Yasuo Tamura