Abstract: The invention relates to a gravure printing ink and a method of multi-color gravure printing on flexible substrates with liquid radiation curable inks. Individual colors are transferred via direct contact between engraved gravure cylinder and a substrate. Each color is dried such that the sequentially printed ink layers transfer through the press without distortion of the printed image during multiple web turns around turn bars. Finally the printed substrate is cured by exposing an electron beam unit. The gravure printing ink comprises an admixture of a) a water dispersible pigment; b) a water dispersible, ethylenically unsaturated monomer, ethylenically unsaturated oligomer or ethylenically unsaturated polymer which is polymerizable or crosslinkable by the application of sufficient electron beam radiation; c) a defoaming agent; d) sufficient water to form a dispersion with components a), b) and c), which dispersion has a viscosity of from about 25 cps to about 200 cps.

Abstract: An amphiphilic polymeric material which has a straight or branched chain polymer backbone and a multiplicity of side chains attached to the backbone, wherein the backbone is a copolymer of at least one ethylenically-unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon monomer and maleic anhydride, or is a terpolymer of maleic anhydride, ethylene, and a further ethylenically unsaturated monomer. A method of synthesising said polymeric material is also provided, together with chewing gum bases, compositions and emulsions comprising amphiphilic polymeric materials.

Abstract: A method for imparting resistance to staining to a substrate comprising contacting the substrate with a copolymer comprising the monomers of Formula wherein D is at least one vinyl monomer selected from the group consisting of aryl olefin, alpha olefin and diene, each M is independently H, Ca, Mg, Al, Na, or K, each R1 is independently H, C1-C6 alkyl, or C1-C6 hydroxyalkyl, each R2 is independently linear or branched C1-C12 alkyl, C1-C6 hydroxyalkyl, C6F5, arylalkyl, C6H4OH, R3COOH, or R3SO3H, or R1 and R2 are linked together to form a morpholino or pyrrolidino ring, R3 is linear or branched C1-C12 alkyl, CH(COOH)CH2CH2, C6H4, or C6H3(OH), h1+h2 is h, h is a positive integer, k is zero or a positive integer, i and j are each independently zero or a positive integer, provided that the total of 1) h÷(k+h+i+j) is from about 0.005 to about 0.7, 2) k÷(k+h+i+j) is from about 0.3 to about 0.6, 3) [i+j]÷(k+h+i+j) is 0 to about 0.6, and provided that the sum of 1)+2)+3) is 1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pressure sensitive adhesive composition comprising a copolymer having cross-linkable epoxy groups as well as a solvent. The copolymer is made up of one or more first, second and third monomers, wherein the first monomer possesses an epoxy group and third monomer has a bulky side chain. Surprisingly, the third monomer provides for stability without affecting the ability of the copolymer to form cross-links. The invention also relates to a method of preparing the pressure sensitive adhesive composition and to a method of its use.

Abstract: Provided is a resin composition containing a thermoplastic acrylic resin and an ultraviolet absorber (UVA). While this resin composition has excellent heat resistance because of its high glass transition temperature, foaming and bleed-out can be suppressed and the problems arising from the evaporation of the UVA can be reduced even during the molding of the resin composition at a high temperature. The resin composition is a thermoplastic resin composition containing a thermoplastic acrylic resin and an ultraviolet absorber having a molecular weight of 700 or more, and having a glass transition temperature of 110° C. or higher. It is preferable that the ultraviolet absorber has a hydroxyphenyltriazine skeleton. It is preferable that the acrylic resin has a ring structure in its main chain. The ring structure is, for example, at least one selected from a lactone ring structure, a glutaric anhydride structure, a glutarimide structure, an N-substituted maleimide structure, and a maleic anhydride structure.

Abstract: A colored dispersion according to the present invention comprises a resin including monomers of Formulas 1 to 4, as a binder resin. Accordingly, a photoresist composition for a black matrix of a high light shielding property, which has the dispersion stability of the colored dispersion according to the present invention, could be provided, and a black matrix of high sensibility having an uniform process characteristic while maintaining a high light-shielding property could be produced.

Abstract: The present invention relates to comb (block) copolymers obtainable by reacting I at least one (block) copolymer comprising polymerised, optionally substituted styrene and maleic anhydride units, which copolymer has been obtained by living, free-radical polymerisation, with II at least one polyalkylene oxide monoamine comprising a primary amino end group at a reaction temperature of ?150° C. and by subsequent salification of at least 25 mol % of the free carboxyl groups of the reaction product at a reaction temperature of <100° C. and optionally after addition of H2O and to the use of these comb copolymers as wetting agents and dispersants.

Abstract: An ink and method of its use for printing on a variety of substrates in a first aspect involves a water-insoluble colorant, water, and a primary solvent such as diacetone alcohol capable of dissolving both the water-insoluble colorant and the water. In a further aspect, the ink composition comprises a secondary solvent capable of modifying the properties of the ink, the secondary solvent being selected from the group consisting of alcohols, amines, esters, glycol ethers, ketones, polyols, and keto-pyrroles. In a still further aspect, the ink may comprise at least two polyols, including a first polyol characterized by being semi-solid at operating temperature and a second polyol characterized by being liquid at operating temperature. In a further aspect, the ink composition comprises a surfactant selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon-based surfactants, silicone-based surfactants, and fluorosurfactants.

Abstract: A tear and fatigue resistant gel article comprising two or more communicating internal volumes like cavities when depressed by external pressure or force is capable of collapsing unto itself in a controllable and directionally preselected manner by venting static air within said internal through openings in said gel article, said gel article is made from gel compositions having rigidity of from about 20 gram Bloom to about 1,800 gram Bloom suitable for cushioning and other uses.

Abstract: An aqueous emulsion comprising an olefin-based copolymer comprising structural units derived from an ?-olefin and/or ethylene and structural units derived from a vinyl compound having a substituent, an emulsifier and a compound having 1 to 13 carbon atoms, wherein the compound having 1 to 13 carbon atoms has a hydroxyl group, an amino group, or both a hydroxyl group and an amino group, and the compound having 1 to 13 carbon atoms has, in the molecule thereof, at least two hydrogen atoms derived from a hydroxyl group or an amino group.

Abstract: Disclosed is a binder for electrode formation, which is obtained by dispersing a polyolefin resin containing 50 to 98% by mass of an unsaturated hydrocarbon having 3 to 6 carbon atoms and 0.5 to 20% by mass of an unsaturated carboxylic acid unit in an aqueous medium together with a basic compound. This binder for electrode formation is also characterized in that the content of a nonvolatile water-compatibilizing agent is 5 parts by mass or less per 100 parts by mass of the polyolefin resin.

Abstract: A non-aqueous pigment ink comprising a pigment, a pigment dispersant and a non-aqueous solvent, wherein the pigment dispersant comprises a copolymer of vinylpyrrolidone and an alkene of 10 to 40 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polymer comprising a structural unit represented by the formula (Ia) or (Ib): wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom etc., R2 represents a linear, branched chain or cyclic C1-C8 alkyl group, R3 represents a methyl group, n represents an integer of 0 to 14, Z1 represents a single bond etc., k represents an integer of 1 to 4, R4 and R5 each independently represents a hydrogen atom etc., and m represents an integer of 1 to 3, a structural unit represented by the formula (II): wherein R6 and R7 each independently represents a hydrogen atom etc., R8 represents a methyl group, R9 represents a hydrogen atom etc., Z2 represents a single bond etc., k? represents an integer of 1 to 4, Z? represents a group capable to eliminate by an action of an acid, and a structural unit represented by the formula (III): wherein R10 represents a carboxyl group etc., l? represents an integer of 0 to 3, Z3 represents a single bond etc., and k? represents an integer of 1 to 4.

Abstract: The surface reflection is prevented by application of a black paint to an element such as a unit or parts forming an optical system, in particular an inner face of a camera lens tube portion and the end face portion of a lens, or the like. Application of the black paint to the element leads to the formation of a black coating film of from 0.35% to 0.7% that is an extremely low reflectance onto a surface of the element in a wide-ranging wavelength region from 380 nm to 780 nm, regardless of the material thereof.

Abstract: An aqueous carbon black pigment that is suitable for an inkjet printer ink and the like and ensures that a printed article exhibits excellent water resistance and fixability, and an aqueous dispersion of the aqueous carbon black pigment are disclosed. The aqueous carbon black pigment includes oxidized carbon black, a water-soluble resin, and an aqueous medium, the oxidized carbon black and the water-soluble resin being crosslinked in the aqueous medium using a water-dispersible crosslinking agent. The water-soluble resin is preferably a resin that contains acrylic acid and/or an acrylic acid derivative as a monomer unit, a resin that contains a maleic acid and/or a maleic acid derivative as a monomer unit, a resin that contains a styrene-acrylic acid copolymer as a main component, a resin that contains a styrene-maleic acid copolymer or a styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer as a main component, or the like. The water-dispersible crosslinking agent is preferably an isocyanate compound.

Abstract: In order to provide an ink composition which is excellent in color development, stability and fixability and, more particularly, an ink for ink jet recording which is excellent in color development, stability and fixability, and is excellent as a textile ink for ink jet recording, an ink composition includes a dispersion element having an average particle diameter of 50 nm to 300 nm, which allows a pigment to be dispersed in water; and polymer fine particles synthesized using at least alkyl(meth)acrylate and/or cyclic alkyl(meth)acrylate, and a reactive compound having an ethylene unsaturated group and a reactive group as components thereof, having a glass transition temperature of ?10° C. or less, and having an acid value of 100 mgKOH/g or less.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of at least one polymer containing at least one monomer selected from acrylic acid or methacrylic acid or mixtures thereof and at least one monomer which is the maleic anhydride as a dispersing and/or grinding aid agent in a fabrication process of an aqueous dispersion and/or suspension of mineral materials, wherein the molar ratio r (acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid:(maleic anhydride) is strictly confined to the range between 2:1 and 0.1:1. Another object of the invention consists in the aqueous dispersions and suspensions of mineral materials thus produced and the use thereof in the fabrication of plastics, paper and paintworks.

Abstract: A pigment dispersion is provided that includes a pigment, a pigment dispersant, a polymer dispersion stabilizer and water, wherein the polymer dispersion stabilizer is an alpha-olefin/maleic anhydride copolymer expressed by the formula (1) below. A recording ink is also provided that includes the pigment dispersion, a surfactant, a water-dispersible resin, a humectant and water. In the structural formula (1), R represents an alkyl group and n is an integer of 30 to 100.

Abstract: An adhesive composition comprising a copolymer of propylene and at least one comonomer selected from the group consisting of ethylene and C4-20?-olefins, the copolymer having (i) a content of units derived from propylene of greater than about 50 mole percent, (ii) a Brookfield viscosity at 190 C from about 50 to about 100,000 cP, (iii) an MWD from about 1.5 to about 15, and (iv) containing less than about 50 ppm residual catalyst metal.

Abstract: A coating layer for a thermal insulator, in a laminated body for a thermal insulator, the laminated body including a carbonized-molded body and the coating layer for a thermal insulator which is layered on at least one surface of the carbonized-molded body, wherein the bulk density of the carbonized-molded body is 0.08 g/cm3 to 0.8 g/cm3 and the gas permeability ratio of the coating layer for a thermal insulator is 8.0 NL/hr·cm2 mmH2O or less.

Abstract: Disclosed is an ink composition comprising (a) an aqueous liquid vehicle, and (b) a colorant which comprises an anhydride copolymer having at least one chromogen covalently bonded thereto and at least one ester, amide, imide, or thioester group covalently bonded thereto, said colorant being soluble or dispersible in the aqueous liquid vehicle. Also disclosed is an ink composition comprising (a) an aqueous liquid vehicle, and (b) a colorant which is the reaction product of (1) an anhydride copolymer, (2) a chromogen having one and only one group per molecule selected from the group consisting of —OH, —SH, primary amino, and secondary amino, and (3) a material selected from the group consisting of nonchromogenic monofunctional alcohols, nonchromogenic monofunctional thiols, nonchromogenic monofunctional primary or secondary amines, and mixtures thereof, said colorant being soluble or dispersible in the aqueous liquid vehicle.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an inkjet ink composition comprising a liquid vehicle and at least one polymer modified pigment. In one embodiment, the polymer modified pigment comprises the combination product of a pigment, a polymer, and a base, wherein the polymer is a styrene-maleic anhydride polymer or an alternating copolymer comprising at least one segment having the formula —[HB-A]x-. In a second embodiment, the polymer modified pigment comprises a pigment and a polymer, wherein the polymer is a styrene-maleic acid polymer or salt thereof or an alternating copolymer comprising at least one segment having the formula —[HB-A?]x-. Methods of preparing the inkjet ink compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an aqueous polymer dispersion comprising a copolymer of anhydride monomer units and vinyl monomer units, which copolymer has been subjected to an imidization reaction. The present invention further relates to a method for the production and use of such a dispersion.

Abstract: The present invention provides an organic anti-reflection coating composition comprising a copolymer represented by the following Formula 1, a light absorbent, a thermal acid generating agent, and a curing agent: wherein R1, R2 and R3 are each independent to each; R1 represents hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; R2 represents hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an arylalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; R3 is hydrogen or a methyl group; m and n are repeating units in the main chain, while m+n=1, and they have values of 0.05<m/(m+n)<0.95 and 0.05<n/(m+n)<0.95. The anti-reflection coating using the polymer of the invention has excellent adhesiveness and storage stability, and a very high dry etching rate, and exhibits excellent resolution in both C/H patterns and L/S patterns.

Abstract: Pressure-sensitive adhesive comprising an acrylate block copolymer having at least two chemically distinguishable, covalently interlinked acrylate polymer blocks P in microphase-separated regions and each having a softening temperature of between ?125 and +20° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to dispersions and inkjet ink compositions comprising a liquid vehicle and at least two modified pigments. The first modified pigment comprises a first pigment having attached at least one non-polymeric group, and the second modified pigment comprises a second pigment having attached at least one polymeric group.

Abstract: Treating metal or metal oxides such as ZnO with PIBSA and analogous molecules yields a hydrophobic powder. The powder can provide improved optical clarity when incorporated into a polymer matrix in comparison to untreated hydrophilic ZnO.

Abstract: An undercoat-forming material comprising a copolymer derived from an indene and a compound having a hydroxyl or epoxy group and a double bond, an organic solvent, an acid generator, and a crosslinker, optionally combined with an intermediate layer having an antireflective effect, has an absorptivity coefficient sufficient to provide an antireflective effect at a thickness of at least 200 nm and a high etching resistance as demonstrated by slow etching rates with CF4/CHF3 and Cl2/BCl3 gases for substrate processing.

Abstract: Dried emulsions suited for formulation into, e.g., plant protection and detergent compositions comprise a matrix of a water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer, in which is dispersed a hydrophobic phase, and also containing a non-polyalkoxylated surfactant, the water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer being a polycarboxylate including hydrophobic units.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improved system for inkjet printing which results in images with increased permanence as measured by transfer of color from the image when the image is subjected to mechanical and/or chemical abrasion. The invention provides a fusible material that may be combined with any or all of the color inks used to create the image, or it may be used as a colorless fluid applied pre- or post-printing. The permanence of images produced by the system are comparable to those produced by electrophotography. The invention also relates to a printing apparatus that contains a means for fusing the image using heat applied after the printed substrate is ejected from the printer.

Abstract: Adherent gels and adherent gel composites which can be made by applying an adherent gel onto one or more selected substrates of foam, plastic, fabric, metal, concrete, wood, wire screen, refractory material, glass, synthetic resin, synthetic fibers, and the like. Such adherent gels and gel composites are useful for protecting articles, the body and skin.

Abstract: This invention relates to aqueous emulsions comprising a water-dispersible copolymer which is non-dispersible in aqueous solutions containing 0.5% or more of an inorganic salt, comprising acidic ethylenically unsaturated monomers and ethylenically unsaturated monomers. The acidic ethylenically unsaturated monomers and the ethylenically unsaturated monomers are defined herein. The present invention also pertains to emulsion polymerization methods for making the aqueous emulsions with or without a surfactant.

Abstract: A polymerisable dental filling and sealing composition is provided which comprises a mixture of at least one resin containing on average at least two acrylate or methacrylate groups and a copolymerisable methacrylate or acrylate monomer, which has a low viscosity compared with said resin, the copolymerisable monomer being present in an amount such that the composition can be introduced by syringing into a cavity having a diameter of less than 1 mm.

Abstract: The use of a three-component water-soluble polymer comprising 5–90% by weight of a component a), preferably of the maleic acid, fumaric acid or itaconic acid type, 5–90% by weight of a component b) essentially from the group consisting of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, vinylsulfonic acid and vinylphosphonic acid, and 5–90% by weight of a component c) comprising acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylamide or methacrylamide, as fluidizer for refractory compositions comprising alumina cement is described. The copolymer, which has a preferred molecular weight Mw of <50,000, can also be combined with further quality-improving additives such as silica, lime or soda and further customary additives for refractory compositions.

Abstract: A two-part sizing system for making colorless, densified fiber pellets of a reinforcing fiber material. The densified product may be advantageously produced by first applying a precursor size composition to reinforcing fiber strands, chopping the reinforcing fiber strands into chopped strand segments, applying a binder size, and densifying the chopped strand segments to form densified fiber pellets. The binder size is formulated using a copolymer of maleic anhydride which generates a product free from discoloration. In the process of making the pellets, the sized chopped strands are densified by tumbling in a rotating chamber for a period of time sufficient to increase their density but insufficient to degrade the fibers to a point where composite articles formed from such pellets have lower tensile or impact strengths than comparable composite articles formed from unpelletized strand segments.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improved systems and methods for ink-jet printing which result in images with increased permanence as measured by transfer of black or color from the image when the image is subjected to mechanical and/or chemical abrasion. The invention provides a fusible composition that may be combined with any or all of the black or color inks used to create the image, or it may be used as a colorless fluid applied during pre-, post-, or simultaneous ink-jet ink printing, with the proviso that both the ink-jet ink and the fusible composition be mixed in a liquid form for fusion. The permanence of images produced by the system can be comparable to those produced by electrophotography.

Abstract: The invention concerns water re-dispersible granules obtainable by drying an emulsion comprising an active matter in the form of a hydrophobic, a non-ionic surfactant selected among polyoxyalkylene derivatives, and a water soluble or water dispersible compound selected among polymers: (i) obtained by polymerising an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, or anhydride monomer (I), and an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid polyoxyalkylene ester (III), and optionally an ethylenically unsaturated linear or branched hydrocarbon monomer (II); or obtained by polymerising said monomer (I), and a vinyl type monomer (II?), comprising at least a C2-C10 linear or branched, or cyclic aliphatic radical; (ii) obtained by polymerising at least a monomer of formula (I) comprising a hydrophobic graft; (iii) polypeptides of natural or synthetic origin; (iv) highly depolymerised polysaccharides comprising at least a hydrophobic graft.

Abstract: The use of a copolymer (A) preparable by free-radical polymerization of a) at least one olefinically unsaturated monomer and b) at least one olefinically unsaturated monomer different than the olefinically unsaturated monomer (a) and of the general formula I R1R2C═CR3R4  (I)  in which the radicals R1, R2, R3 and R4 each independently of one another are hydrogen atoms or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkylcycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, cycloalkylaryl, arylalkyl or arylcycloalkyl radicals, with the proviso that at least two of the variables R1, R2, R3 and are substituted or unsubstituted aryl, arylalkyl or arylcycloalkyl radicals, especially substituted or unsubstituted aryl radicals; in an aqueous medium, in a clearcoat material used to produce clearcoats KL and multicoat color and/or effect coating systems ML.

Abstract: Disclosed is an ink composition comprising (a) a styrene polymer or terpene polymer hardening component, (b) a nonpolymeric aromatic viscosity modifier, (c) a colorant, (d) an optional nonpolymeric aromatic ink vehicle, (e) an optional colorant dispersing agent, (f) an optional conductivity enhancing agent, (g) an optional antioxidant, and (h) an optional UV absorber.

Abstract: An adhesive composition is provided for adhering together roofing materials such as EPDM rubber and thermoplastic polyolefin (TPO). The adhesive composition includes a rubbery polymer comprising a blend of a thermoplastic block copolymer selected from the group consisting of a styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, a styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer, a styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene block copolymer, a styrene-ethylene/propylene block copolymer and an ethylene-propylene block copolymer and combinations thereof and a polyisobutylene. Roofing articles incorporating the adhesive composition are also provided. The composition is a pressure sensitive adhesive that allows roofing articles to be applied in a peel and stick manner.

Abstract: An improved enhancer formulation for use in forming precision molded articles from a furnace process is disclosed wherein an organometallic zirconia coupling agent is used in conjunction with a polymer in solvent to inhibit the bleed-through of infiltrant metal in a finished part formed in a single-step furnace process.

Abstract: This invention relates to aqueous emulsion copolymers comprising from about 2% to about 20% of ethylene, from about 20% to about 78% of vinyl acetate, and from about 20% to about 60% of a functionalized monomer selected from the group consisting of acid containing monomers, nitrogen containing monoolefinically unsaturated monomers, and hydroxyl containing monomers. The present invention also pertains to methods for making the ethylene vinyl acetate aqueous emulsion copolymers containing high concentrations of functionalized monomers and to ethylene vinyl acetate aqueous emulsion copolymers made by the the novel methods.

Abstract: The invention relates to a polymer synthesized

Abstract: Adherent gels and adherent gel composites which can be made by applying an adherent gel onto one or more selected substrates of foam, plastic, fabric, metal, concrete, wood, wire screen, refractory material, glass, synthetic resin, synthetic fibers, and the like. Such adherent gels and gel composites are useful for protecting articles, the body and skin.

Abstract: The invention relates to a coating agent, containing at least one conversion product (A) and at least one suitable additive (C), (A) being produced according to a method comprising the following step (i): (iv) reacting a reaction mixture comprising at least one radically convertible monomer in radical conditions, (a) in the presence of at least one radical initiator and a compound (I) of formula (II) wherein R1 to R4 each represent, independently of each other, hydrogen, an unsubstituted or substituted alkyl radical, cycloalkyl radical or aralkyl radical or an unsubstituted or a substituted aromatic hydrocarbon radical, on the condition that at least two of R1 to R4 represent an unsubstituted or a substituted aromatic hydrocarbon radical, in an aqueous phase

Abstract: An aqueous composition suitable for use when dry as a pressure sensitive adhesive including an aqueous emulsion polymer formed by the free radical polymerization of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer at a reaction temperature lower than 100° C. in the presence of 20-1500 ppm, based on the total weight of the monomer, of an N-oxyl radical, the polymer having a glass transition temperature (Tg) from −80° C. to 0° C. is provided. Also provided is a method for preparing the emulsion polymer and a method for coating a substrate with an aqueous composition to provide a pressure sensitive adhesive layer on a substrate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a crosslinked aqueous solution polymer composition consisting of about 15 wt-% to about 50 wt-% of at least one water soluble monomer, preferably an alpha, beta-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer and a crosslinking agent. The polymer solution is sufficiently low enough in viscosity such that it can be applied in aqueous form, yet after crosslinking possesses a fast rate of acquisition and is high absorption capacity. The invention also relates to new methods of enhancing the absorbency of various articles, increasing the humectancy and/or absorbency of a fiber or fibrous matrix, improving the water retention of soil and other agricultural methods, and increasing the open time of cement by incorporating or applying an aqueous superabsorbent polymer composition.

Abstract: This invention relates to aqueous emulsions comprising a water-dispersible copolymer which is non-dispersible in aqueous solutions containing 0.5% or more of an inorganic salt, comprising acidic ethylenically unsaturated monomers and ethylenically unsaturated monomers. The acidic ethylenically unsaturated monomers and the ethylenically unsaturated monomers are defined herein. The present invention also pertains to emulsion polymerization methods for making the aqueous emulsions with or without a surfactant.

Abstract: This invention discloses resilient, acrylic graft polymers comprising &agr;-methylene lact(one)(am) monomers such as &agr;-methylene-&ggr;-butyrolactone, and blends of such polymers with thermoplastic matrix resins.

Abstract: A pigment dispersion is composed of a pigment, a polymer and a solvent. The polymer has, on side chains thereof, carboxyl groups derived from a dibasic acid. The pigment dispersion is useful for writing instruments and printers.